# Family & Relationships **Type:** Topic **Words:** 181 ## About Parents, siblings, partners, friends, and the wider web of kin. ## Words by Level ### A1 - father — A male parent.; frequency rank 186 - dad — A father; a male parent (informal).; frequency rank 213 - mother — A female parent; a woman who has or raises a child.; frequency rank 218 - son — A person's male child.; frequency rank 243 - mom — Mother (informal).; frequency rank 254 - family — A group of people who are related, especially parents and their children.; frequency rank 263 - brother — A boy or man who has the same parents as you; frequency rank 292 - wife — The woman a man is married to.; frequency rank 305 - daughter — A person's female child.; frequency rank 435 - husband — The man that a woman is married to.; frequency rank 443 - sister — a girl or woman who has the same parents as you; frequency rank 458 - uncle — The brother of your mother or father, or your aunt's husband.; frequency rank 582 - daddy — A father; used especially by or to young children (informal).; frequency rank 610 - mum — A child's word for mother.; frequency rank 958 - boyfriend — A male partner in a romantic relationship.; frequency rank 1000 - partner — A person you do an activity or share a business with.; frequency rank 1074 - aunt — The sister of your mother or father, or your uncle's wife.; frequency rank 1113 - cousin — The child of your aunt or uncle.; frequency rank 1444 - grandfather — The father of your father or mother.; frequency rank 1914 - grandmother — The mother of your father or mother.; frequency rank 2170 - parent — A person's mother or father.; frequency rank 3686 - grandparent — A parent of your father or mother.; frequency rank 46343 - grow apart — to become less close in a personal relationship over time - help through — to support someone in getting through a difficult period or situation - run across — to meet someone by chance - take after — to resemble a family member in appearance or character ### A2 - married — Having a husband or a wife.; frequency rank 446 - birth — The time when a baby is born or comes out of its mother.; frequency rank 1646 - affair — A secret romantic or sexual relationship, usually involving someone who is married.; frequency rank 2072 - friendship — A relationship between friends.; frequency rank 2286 - grandson — The son of your son or daughter.; frequency rank 4250 - granddaughter — The daughter of your son or daughter.; frequency rank 6483 - surname — The family name shared by members of a family, used after the first name.; frequency rank 11242 - ancestor — A person in your family who lived a long time ago, before your grandparents.; frequency rank 11606 - smooth over — to make an awkward disagreement seem less serious without fully addressing it ### B1 - marriage — The legal or formal union of two people as partners for life.; frequency rank 843 - relationship — The way in which two or more people, groups, or things are connected or behave toward each other.; frequency rank 973 - bull — A large adult male of the cattle family; frequency rank 2522 - nephew — The son of your brother or sister.; frequency rank 3192 - pope — An honorary title of the Roman Catholic bishop of Rome as father and head of his church, a sovereign of the Vatican city state.; frequency rank 3426 - niece — The daughter of your brother or sister.; frequency rank 4240 - relative — A member of your family.; frequency rank 4499 - household — All the people who live together in one house.; frequency rank 5642 - dynasty — A series of rulers who all belong to the same family.; frequency rank 7948 - great-grandfather — the grandfather of one of your parents; the father of a grandparent; frequency rank 15515 - firefly — a beetle of the family Lampyridae whose abdomen produces light, especially at twilight; frequency rank 21074 - cheat on — to have a sexual relationship with someone other than one's partner - lean on — to rely on someone for help or emotional support ### B2 - divorce — The legal ending of a marriage.; frequency rank 1825 - pa — Father; dad.; frequency rank 2684 - brother-in-law — The brother of your husband or wife, or the husband of your sister; frequency rank 4665 - sister-in-law — the sister of your husband or wife, or your brother's wife; frequency rank 5455 - son-in-law — The husband of your daughter.; frequency rank 5987 - adoption — The act of legally taking a child into your family to raise as your own.; frequency rank 7330 - mother-in-law — The mother of your husband or wife.; frequency rank 7431 - father-in-law — The father of your husband or wife.; frequency rank 7743 - daughter-in-law — The wife of your son.; frequency rank 8077 - ark — the great vessel that Noah built to preserve his family and animals from the biblical flood; frequency rank 8320 - ox — An adult male of the cattle family, often used to pull heavy loads.; frequency rank 8413 - royalty — Members of a royal family considered together.; frequency rank 9707 - breakup — The end of a romantic relationship or friendship.; frequency rank 10324 - nightingale — A Eurasian and African songbird, Luscinia megarhynchos, family Muscicapidae, famed for its beautiful singing at night; a common nightingale.; frequency rank 11185 - sibling — A brother or sister.; frequency rank 16793 - subsoil — the layer of soil beneath the topsoil and above the underlying rock or parent material; frequency rank 113634 ### C1 - clan — A large group of families descended from a common ancestor.; frequency rank 4065 - offspring — A person's child or children.; frequency rank 10867 - spouse — A husband or wife.; frequency rank 12547 - vendetta — a prolonged and often violent feud in which a family, clan, or group seeks revenge for previous injuries or killings; frequency rank 15713 - starling — a gregarious songbird, often dark and glossy, belonging to the family Sturnidae; frequency rank 17361 - pansy — a small garden plant of the violet family with rounded, often multicolored petals; frequency rank 20763 - patriarch — the male head of a family, tribe, or social group; frequency rank 25432 - mandolin — a small plucked string instrument of the lute family, usually with four paired courses tuned like a violin; frequency rank 35059 - porpoise — a small toothed whale of the family Phocoenidae, typically with a blunt snout; frequency rank 39949 - menfolk — the male members of a family, community, or other group, often in traditional or old-fashioned usage; frequency rank 59999 - drift apart — to gradually become less close and lose regular contact - lust after — to feel strong sexual desire for someone ### C2 - squirrel — Any of the rodents of the family Sciuridae.; frequency rank 7543 - willow — Any of various deciduous trees or shrubs in the genus Salix, in the willow family Salicaceae, found primarily on moist soils in cooler zones in the northern hemisphere.; frequency rank 8427 - boar — A wild boar (Sus scrofa), the wild ancestor of the domesticated pig.; frequency rank 11147 - cactus — Any member of the family Cactaceae, a family of flowering New World succulent plants suited to a hot, semi-desert climate.; frequency rank 13669 - python — a large nonvenomous constricting snake of the family Pythonidae, native chiefly to Africa, Asia, and Australia; frequency rank 13845 - partridge — Any bird of a number of genera in the family Phasianidae, notably in the genera Perdix and Alectoris.; frequency rank 15024 - paternity — the state of being a father; frequency rank 16545 - pap — US dialect: father; pa; frequency rank 18865 - pheasant — A bird of family Phasianidae, often hunted for food.; frequency rank 18994 - psychoanalysis — a family of theories and therapeutic methods that interpret unconscious mental processes, conflicts, and motives; frequency rank 26679 - woodpecker — Any bird of species-rich family Picidae, with a strong pointed beak suitable for pecking holes in wood.; frequency rank 28840 - sturgeon — any of a family of usually large, long-bodied freshwater or migratory fishes with rows of bony plates, valued especially for roe used as caviar; frequency rank 31755 - kinsman — a male relative, especially one belonging to the same extended family; now often literary or historical; frequency rank 31924 - thrush — Any of numerous species of songbirds of the cosmopolitan family Turdidae, such as the song thrush, mistle thrush, bluebird, and American robin.; frequency rank 32707 - boer — historical: a Dutch-speaking settler or farmer in southern Africa, especially an ancestor of the Afrikaner population; frequency rank 34078 - thistle — any of numerous plants of the family Compositae and especially of the genera Carduus and Cirsium and Onopordum having prickly-edged leaves; frequency rank 34810 - genealogy — the study or investigation of ancestry and family history; frequency rank 36487 - cockatoo — a parrot of the family Cacatuidae, typically having a prominent movable crest; frequency rank 38996 - sorrel — any of several plants with tart, acidic leaves, especially common sorrel of the dock family; frequency rank 40556 - warbler — any of numerous small, active songbirds, especially members of the Old World family Sylviidae or the New World family Parulidae; frequency rank 42332 - wombat — a stocky, burrowing Australian marsupial of the family Vombatidae, with short legs and strong digging claws; frequency rank 44102 - kinfolk — old-fashioned or regional: one's relatives or family considered collectively; frequency rank 50323 - sandpiper — any of numerous small or medium-sized wading birds of the family Scolopacidae, typically with a slender bill and a piping call; frequency rank 51337 - sprat — a small silvery marine fish of the herring family, especially the European sprat, eaten as food or used as bait; frequency rank 54621 - mallow — a plant of the family Malvaceae, often with soft hairy leaves and pink, purple, or white flowers; frequency rank 57067 - Quechua — a family of closely related Indigenous languages spoken across the Andes, especially in Peru, Bolivia, Ecuador, Colombia, Argentina, and Chile; frequency rank 61025 - marmot — a large, stocky burrowing rodent of the squirrel family, typically living in mountainous or northern regions; frequency rank 61465 - bulbul — any of a family of often gregarious songbirds native to Africa and Asia; frequency rank 62463 - patrimony — property or an estate inherited from one's father or other ancestor; frequency rank 63688 - anarchism — a family of political philosophies and movements skeptical of or opposed to coercive authority, especially the state, and favoring stateless social organization through voluntary cooperation; frequency rank 66574 - egret — a long-legged wading bird in the heron family, often white and sometimes bearing long breeding plumes; frequency rank 68834 - titmouse — a small songbird of the tit family, especially one of the North American genus Baeolophus; historically also used more broadly for tits; frequency rank 69923 - arnica — a plant of the daisy family, especially Arnica montana, traditionally used in herbal remedies; frequency rank 72504 - conger — any of several large, scaleless marine eels of the genus Conger or family Congridae, found in temperate and tropical coastal waters; frequency rank 75024 - drongo — an insect-eating Old World passerine bird of the family Dicruridae, typically glossy black with a forked or ornamented tail; frequency rank 80471 - horsefly — a large, fast-flying fly of the family Tabanidae whose females bite mammals and feed on blood; frequency rank 82371 - goby — any of numerous generally small, bottom-dwelling fishes, especially members of the family Gobiidae, many of which have pelvic fins joined into a suckerlike disc; frequency rank 84923 - flycatcher — any of various small birds that characteristically catch flying insects, especially members of the Old World family Muscicapidae or the New World family Tyrannidae; frequency rank 92403 - bowerbird — an Australasian bird of the family Ptilonorhynchidae, whose males in many species build and decorate display structures to court females; frequency rank 93809 - sedge — a grasslike plant of the family Cyperaceae, typically with solid triangular stems and growing in wet ground; frequency rank 94225 - viol — a member of a family of fretted bowed string instruments, usually with six strings and held vertically, prominent in European music from the fifteenth to seventeenth centuries; frequency rank 95443 - auk — any of a family of compact black-and-white northern seabirds adapted for swimming and diving, including puffins, guillemots, and murres; frequency rank 96317 - matricide — the killing of one's mother; frequency rank 96700 - parricide — the killing of one's father, mother, or another close relative; frequency rank 99257 - lapwing — Any of several medium-sized wading birds belonging to the subfamily Vanellinae, within family Charadriidae.; frequency rank 106809 - glowworm — the luminous larva or wingless adult female of certain beetles, especially members of the family Lampyridae; frequency rank 117314 - kinswoman — a female relative; a woman belonging to the same family or kin group; frequency rank 119176 - guillemot — a northern seabird of the auk family, especially one of the genera Uria or Cepphus, with dark upperparts and strong underwater swimming ability; frequency rank 129642 - orrery — a mechanical model that shows the relative positions and movements of bodies in the solar system; frequency rank 188369 - filiation — the relationship of a child to a parent, especially as legally or genealogically established; frequency rank 196070 - consanguinity — relationship by descent from a common ancestor; blood kinship; frequency rank 205260 - peafowl — any of several large pheasant-family birds whose males are peacocks and females are peahens, especially species of Pavo and Afropavo; frequency rank 216038 - cavy — any short-tailed South American rodent of the family Caviidae, including the wild ancestors and relatives of guinea pigs; frequency rank 255823 - homology — similarity between structures, genes, or features because they derive from a common evolutionary ancestor; frequency rank 267603 - trogon — a tropical forest bird of the family Trogonidae, typically with brilliant plumage, a long tail, and a short broad bill; frequency rank 322213 - water ouzel — a dipper: any of the small aquatic songbirds of the genus Cinclus (family Cinclidae) that wade and dive in swift streams, especially the white-throated dipper in Eurasia or the American dipper in North America - tyrant flycatcher — any bird of the large New World family Tyrannidae, whose members typically have a broad, flattened bill and feed mainly on insects - prepotency — an unusual ability of one parent, individual, or strain to transmit its characteristics strongly to offspring - stirp — a line of descent from a common ancestor; a stock or lineage - elater — a click beetle of the family Elateridae, able to spring into the air with a clicking movement when placed on its back - phalanger — an Australasian arboreal marsupial of the family Phalangeridae, including the cuscuses and brushtail possums - elecampane — a tall Eurasian plant of the daisy family, Inula helenium, formerly valued for its aromatic medicinal root - pickney — Caribbean, especially Jamaican, informal: a child ### C2+ - cuckoo — Any of various birds, of the family Cuculidae within the order Cuculiformes, famous for laying its eggs in the nests of other species; but especially a common cuckoo (Cuculus canorus), that has a characteristic two-note call.; frequency rank 9008 - bee-eater — any brightly colored insect-eating bird of the family Meropidae, known for catching bees and wasps in flight; frequency rank 405777 - motmot — a tropical American bird of the family Momotidae, usually green or blue-green and often having two long racket-tipped central tail feathers; frequency rank 636025 - ex — (informal) a former spouse or partner - da — father (dialectal or informal) - cognomen — a surname, nickname, or family name, especially in ancient Rome - dada — an early-20th-century anti-art movement embracing absurdity; informally, father - gull — a seabird of the family Laridae; also, to deceive or cheat someone - kin — one's family and relations collectively - chive — a slender herb of the onion family used to flavor food - adder — a small venomous snake of the viper family - ancestry — one's family or ethnic descent; lineage - chickadee — a small North American songbird of the tit family with a dark cap - consort — a spouse, especially of a reigning monarch; to associate with - fatherling — a little or dear father (an archaic affectionate term) - helpmeet — a helpful companion or partner, especially a spouse - kindred — one's family and relations; related or similar in nature - lineage — direct descent from an ancestor; ancestry - maternity — the state of being a mother; motherhood - nanny — a person employed to care for a family's children; a female goat - progenitor — an ancestor or originator of a line or movement - provider — one who supplies something or supports a family - bandfish — a small elongated red marine fish of the family Cepolidae - forebear — an ancestor - forefather — an ancestor, especially a male one - genitor — a biological father or male progenitor - heirloom — a valued object passed down through generations of a family - helpmate — a companion and helper, especially a spouse - ma — (informal) mother - pater — father, used as a dated or jocular British term - relativeness — the quality of being relative rather than absolute - sib — a sibling or blood relative; related by kinship - sis — an informal term for sister - spirea — a flowering shrub of the rose family with clustered white or pink blooms - stepbrother — a son of one's stepparent by an earlier marriage - stepchild — a child of one's spouse from a previous relationship - stepdaughter — a daughter of one's spouse by a former partner - stepniece — a niece by marriage; the daughter of a stepsibling - stepsister — a daughter of one's stepparent by an earlier marriage - stepson — a son of one's spouse by a former partner - plantain-eater — a fruit-eating African bird of the turaco family Musophagidae; now especially either of the grey plantain-eaters in the genus Crinifer - chevrotain — a very small, hornless, deerlike ruminant of the family Tragulidae, native to tropical Africa or Asia; a mouse deer