# Law & Government **Type:** Topic **Words:** 786 ## About Rules, rights, courts, institutions, and public administration. ## Words by Level ### A1 - right — Correct in opinion or fact; not mistaken.; frequency rank 44 - stay — To remain in one place and not leave.; frequency rank 211 - break — To separate something into pieces, or to make it stop working, often suddenly.; frequency rank 478 - rule — An instruction that says what you are or are not allowed to do.; frequency rank 1440 ### A2 - police — The official organization, and its members, whose job is to keep order, prevent crime, and make sure people obey the law.; frequency rank 342 - death — The end of life; the act or fact of dying.; frequency rank 378 - state — The condition that someone or something is in at a particular time.; frequency rank 704 - law — An official rule that everyone in a country or community must obey.; frequency rank 714 - officer — A member of the police.; frequency rank 732 - court — A place where legal cases are heard and judged.; frequency rank 740 - government — The group of people who officially control and run a country.; frequency rank 882 - seat — Something you sit on, such as a chair or part of a chair.; frequency rank 978 - lawyer — A person whose job is to advise people about the law and represent them in court.; frequency rank 1025 - decision — A choice you make after thinking about something.; frequency rank 1039 - suit — A set of matching clothes, usually a jacket with trousers or a skirt.; frequency rank 1202 - secretary — a person who handles letters, phone calls, and office tasks for someone or an organization; frequency rank 1880 - official — Approved by or coming from a person in authority.; frequency rank 2058 - appear — To seem to be a certain way.; frequency rank 2089 - license — An official document that gives you permission to do or own something.; frequency rank 2180 - illegal — Not allowed by the law.; frequency rank 2247 - claim — To say that something is true, often without proof.; frequency rank 2285 - lack — The state of not having something, or not having enough of it.; frequency rank 2617 - complaint — A statement that you are unhappy or annoyed about something.; frequency rank 4024 - unmarried — not married or related to the unmarried state; frequency rank 13827 - ID card - police officer ### B1 - detective — A police officer whose job is to solve crimes by gathering evidence.; frequency rank 893 - judge — An official who controls a court of law and decides how criminals should be punished.; frequency rank 969 - duty — Something you have to do because it is right or because the law or your job requires it.; frequency rank 1200 - witness — To see something happen, especially an event or a crime.; frequency rank 1219 - vote — To formally show which person or choice you support in an election or decision.; frequency rank 1464 - sheriff — The main law-enforcement officer of a county, often elected.; frequency rank 1584 - finding — Something discovered as a result of research or investigation.; frequency rank 1594 - responsibility — A duty or task that you are expected to deal with.; frequency rank 1686 - legal — Allowed or required by law.; frequency rank 1869 - county — A region within a country or state, used for local government.; frequency rank 2444 - authority — The power or right to give orders and make people obey.; frequency rank 2599 - policy — An official plan or set of rules that a government, company, or person decides to follow.; frequency rank 2697 - bond — To form a close emotional connection with someone.; frequency rank 3040 - inform — To tell someone about something officially or formally.; frequency rank 3105 - election — An event in which people vote to choose a leader or representative.; frequency rank 3253 - officially — In a way that is approved by an authority or follows the rules.; frequency rank 3273 - ward — A section of a hospital for patients who need similar care.; frequency rank 3387 - session — A period of time spent doing a particular activity.; frequency rank 3567 - appeal — The quality of being attractive or interesting.; frequency rank 3861 - recover — To return to good health after being ill or injured.; frequency rank 4085 - require — To need something.; frequency rank 4145 - permit — To allow someone to do something.; frequency rank 4265 - guardian — Someone who guards, watches over, or protects.; frequency rank 4373 - announcement — A public or official statement giving people information.; frequency rank 4589 - formal — Following accepted rules of polite or official behaviour, dress, or language.; frequency rank 5013 - legally — In a way that is allowed by law.; frequency rank 5405 - eliminate — To completely remove or get rid of something.; frequency rank 5797 - representative — A person chosen to act or speak for others.; frequency rank 6033 - constitution — The set of basic laws and principles by which a country or organization is governed.; frequency rank 6801 - ban — To officially forbid something, especially by law or rule.; frequency rank 8291 - ecstasy — A feeling of very intense happiness or delight.; frequency rank 8586 - disturbance — Something that interrupts a normal, peaceful, or regular situation.; frequency rank 9319 - illegally — In a way that breaks the law.; frequency rank 9671 - outlaw — A criminal, especially one who is on the run from the law.; frequency rank 11240 - formally — In a serious or official way, following accepted rules.; frequency rank 11325 - regulation — An official rule made by a government or organization.; frequency rank 12559 - lawful — Allowed by or in accordance with the law.; frequency rank 13376 - govern — To officially rule and control a country, state, or organization.; frequency rank 13897 - commonly — Often; usually; as a general rule.; frequency rank 13922 - requirement — Something that you must have or do, especially by rule or law.; frequency rank 15904 - copyright — The legal right to control who can copy, publish, and sell a creative work.; frequency rank 16596 - similarity — The state of being alike, or a feature that two or more things share.; frequency rank 20562 - deportation — the legal removal of a foreign national from a country, usually by government order; frequency rank 22688 - statutory — prescribed or authorized by or punishable under a statute; frequency rank 24376 - untidy — Not neat; messy and in disorder; frequency rank 29716 - legality — the state or quality of being permitted by or consistent with the law; frequency rank 34710 - legalize — to make something lawful or officially permitted, especially something that was previously illegal; frequency rank 35384 - actionable — specific and useful enough to provide a practical basis for taking action; frequency rank 38139 - calmness — The state of being relaxed and peaceful.; frequency rank 38487 - appropriation — a deliberate act of acquisition of something, often without the permission of the owner; frequency rank 47586 - approver — a person or authority empowered to approve a request, decision, or proposal; frequency rank 86481 ### B2 - jury — A group of people chosen to listen to a court case and decide whether someone is guilty.; frequency rank 2033 - sue — To take legal action against someone in a court of law.; frequency rank 2272 - federal — Relating to the central national government, as opposed to state or local government.; frequency rank 2627 - deputy — A person whose rank is just below the leader and who can act for them.; frequency rank 3169 - testify — To give evidence in a court of law, usually under oath.; frequency rank 3642 - obey — To do what a person, rule, or law tells you to do.; frequency rank 3675 - testimony — A formal statement made by a witness in a court of law.; frequency rank 3868 - commission — An official group of people chosen to do a particular job or investigate something.; frequency rank 3872 - paperwork — The routine writing and handling of documents, forms, and reports.; frequency rank 3973 - oath — A serious, formal promise to do something or to tell the truth.; frequency rank 4590 - cabinet — A piece of furniture with shelves or drawers for storing or showing things.; frequency rank 4747 - fame — The state of being well known to many people.; frequency rank 4749 - penalty — A punishment given for breaking a rule or law.; frequency rank 4762 - lobby — A large entrance area or waiting room inside a building.; frequency rank 5241 - parliament — The group of elected people who make a country's laws.; frequency rank 6148 - plead — To ask for something in a very emotional and urgent way.; frequency rank 6158 - voting — The act or process of casting a vote in an election or decision.; frequency rank 6366 - submit — To give or send something to someone in authority for them to consider.; frequency rank 6485 - federation — a political union whose constituent states or regions retain some internal self-government; frequency rank 6949 - exhibit — To show something publicly, especially in a museum or gallery.; frequency rank 7002 - exposure — The state of being affected by something, such as a substance or influence.; frequency rank 7109 - lawsuit — A legal case that one person or group brings against another in a court of law.; frequency rank 7180 - recognition — The act of knowing someone or something because you have seen them before.; frequency rank 7267 - obligation — Something you must do because of a law, promise, or moral duty.; frequency rank 7305 - irresponsible — Not thinking about or caring about the results of your actions; frequency rank 7582 - freeman — a person who is not a serf or a slave; frequency rank 7854 - chancellor — A senior government official, often in charge of finance or law.; frequency rank 7945 - dismiss — To decide that something or someone is not worth considering or taking seriously.; frequency rank 8052 - contempt — A strong feeling that someone or something is worthless and deserves no respect.; frequency rank 8210 - unity — The state of being joined together as one; agreement and harmony.; frequency rank 8861 - defy — To refuse to obey a person, rule, or law.; frequency rank 9786 - accusation — A statement that someone has done something wrong or illegal.; frequency rank 9930 - condemn — to say strongly that something is wrong or that you disapprove of it; frequency rank 10453 - impose — To officially force a rule, tax, or punishment on people.; frequency rank 10519 - prosecute — To officially accuse someone of a crime and try them in court.; frequency rank 10739 - immortality — The state of being able to live forever.; frequency rank 11095 - ownership — The fact of owning something; legal possession.; frequency rank 11217 - competent — Having enough skill, knowledge, or ability to do something well.; frequency rank 11282 - bankruptcy — The legal state of being unable to pay your debts.; frequency rank 11645 - regent — a person who governs temporarily for a monarch who is absent, underage, or unable to rule; frequency rank 11654 - violate — To break a law, rule, agreement, or promise.; frequency rank 12011 - nomination — The act of officially suggesting someone for a job, position, or award.; frequency rank 12475 - obedient — Willing to do what you are told by someone in authority.; frequency rank 12556 - commonwealth — A group of countries or states that share a common government or interests.; frequency rank 12709 - informer — A person who tells authorities about improper or illegal activity.; frequency rank 13062 - registry — an official list or database in which names, events, property, or other information are recorded; frequency rank 13457 - administrative — Relating to the management or organization of a business, institution, or system.; frequency rank 13473 - overthrow — To remove a government or leader from power, especially by force.; frequency rank 13810 - enforce — To make sure a law, rule, or agreement is obeyed.; frequency rank 14317 - juror — A member of a jury in a court of law.; frequency rank 14450 - legislation — A law or set of laws made by a government.; frequency rank 14523 - unauthorized — Done or made without official permission.; frequency rank 14540 - prefect — An older school pupil given authority over other students.; frequency rank 14616 - righteousness — The quality of being morally good and doing what is right.; frequency rank 14690 - prescribe — To officially tell a patient to use a particular medicine or treatment.; frequency rank 14867 - rebellious — Refusing to obey rules or those in authority.; frequency rank 15837 - relaxation — The state of resting and being free from work, stress, or worry.; frequency rank 16309 - neatly — with neatness; frequency rank 16581 - writ — Authority, power to enforce compliance.; frequency rank 17324 - unofficial — Not announced or confirmed by an authority; not yet official; frequency rank 17860 - bureaucracy — A system of government or management run through many departments and strict official rules.; frequency rank 18457 - compulsory — that must be done because of a rule or law; frequency rank 20549 - vapor — Cloudy diffused matter such as mist, steam or fumes suspended in the air.; frequency rank 20687 - assert — To state firmly that something is true.; frequency rank 20758 - fiscal — Relating to government money, taxes, and public spending.; frequency rank 20809 - borough — a town or district that is an administrative unit, especially in the United Kingdom; frequency rank 20843 - deem — To consider or judge something to be a certain way.; frequency rank 21095 - provision — A condition or rule in a law or contract.; frequency rank 21227 - regency — government by a regent on behalf of a monarch who is absent, underage, or unable to rule; frequency rank 21870 - voter — A person who votes or has the right to vote in an election.; frequency rank 22074 - socialize — To spend time with other people in a friendly, relaxed way.; frequency rank 23179 - blackness — The state or quality of being black in colour.; frequency rank 23403 - proletariat — Wage earners collectively; people who own no capital and depend on their labour for survival; the working class, especially when seen as engaged in a class struggle with the bourgeoisie (“the capital-owning class”).; frequency rank 25448 - township — an administrative division of a county or other larger local-government area; frequency rank 25901 - overturn — To officially change or cancel a decision, especially a legal one.; frequency rank 25949 - competence — The ability to do something well, with the necessary skill or knowledge.; frequency rank 26232 - advisable — Worthy of being recommended; desirable.; frequency rank 26239 - inaugural — marking the beginning or first occurrence of an activity, series, or institution; frequency rank 28007 - prohibit — To officially forbid something, often by law or rule.; frequency rank 29088 - certify — To state officially that something has met a required standard.; frequency rank 31419 - infringement — An act of breaking a law, rule, or agreement.; frequency rank 33257 - unclaimed — not collected, requested, or taken by the person entitled to something; frequency rank 34412 - dissident — A person who publicly disagrees with and opposes their government or its policies.; frequency rank 37966 - assessor — a person whose job is to evaluate a person's work, ability, or compliance with a standard; frequency rank 39517 - criterion — A standard or rule used to judge or compare things.; frequency rank 42955 - impeach — charge (a public official) with an offense or misdemeanor committed while in office; frequency rank 44046 - eligibility — the state of meeting the conditions required to take part in, receive, or be chosen for something; frequency rank 48522 - disinherit — to prevent someone from receiving property or money that they would otherwise inherit, especially by changing a will; frequency rank 48790 - guideline — A general rule or piece of advice that tells you how something should be done.; frequency rank 49353 - legislator — A person who makes or votes on laws, especially a member of a parliament or congress.; frequency rank 51712 - peerage — the rank, title, or dignity of a British peer; frequency rank 53907 - penalize — To punish someone for breaking a rule or law.; frequency rank 57887 - naturalization — the legal process by which a non-citizen acquires citizenship of a country; frequency rank 58346 - infringe — To break or violate a law, agreement, or someone's rights.; frequency rank 60304 - lawmaker — A person who creates or passes laws, such as a member of parliament or congress.; frequency rank 93911 - polity — An organized society or state with its own form of government.; frequency rank 132948 ### C1 - attorney — A lawyer; someone who advises people on legal matters and represents them in court.; frequency rank 2036 - sin — An act that breaks a religious or moral law.; frequency rank 2440 - warrant — An official document allowing police to search, seize, or arrest someone.; frequency rank 2498 - custody — The legal right and duty to care for someone, especially a child.; frequency rank 2686 - accused — The person charged with a crime in a court of law.; frequency rank 2795 - commissioner — An official who heads a government department or public body, such as a police force.; frequency rank 2944 - verdict — The decision a jury or judge makes about whether someone is guilty in a court case.; frequency rank 5167 - breach — An act of breaking a law, rule, agreement, or promise.; frequency rank 5832 - plea — An urgent, emotional request for help.; frequency rank 6293 - congressman — a male member of a congress, especially a member of the United States House of Representatives; frequency rank 6636 - conviction — A strong, firmly held belief or opinion.; frequency rank 6675 - enforcement — The act of making people obey a law, rule, or agreement.; frequency rank 6698 - violation — An act that breaks a law, agreement, or right.; frequency rank 6867 - sultan — a sovereign or ruler in certain Muslim countries, historically including the Ottoman Empire; frequency rank 7186 - lordship — The state or condition of being a lord.; frequency rank 7210 - rebellion — An organized, often armed, attempt to overthrow a government or ruler.; frequency rank 7514 - ruling — An official decision made by a court or someone in authority.; frequency rank 7559 - magistrate — An official who acts as a judge in a lower court, dealing with minor offences.; frequency rank 7750 - felony — A serious criminal offense, which, under United States federal law, is punishable by a term of imprisonment of not less than one year or by the death penalty in the most serious offenses.; frequency rank 7794 - petition — A formal written request, usually signed by many people, asking an authority to do something.; frequency rank 7879 - jurisdiction — The official power to make legal decisions and apply the law.; frequency rank 8165 - amendment — A change or addition made to a law, document, or formal proposal.; frequency rank 9448 - courtyard — An area, open to the sky, partially or wholly surrounded by walls or buildings.; frequency rank 9706 - militia — A group of ordinary citizens trained as soldiers to fight in an emergency, rather than professional troops.; frequency rank 10328 - patent — An official right giving an inventor sole control over making and selling an invention for a set period.; frequency rank 11113 - mandatory — Required by a rule or law; that must be done.; frequency rank 11182 - premier — Best, most important, or highest in rank.; frequency rank 11188 - formality — Something done only because it is required by custom or rule, without real importance.; frequency rank 11558 - dominant — Most powerful, important, or noticeable.; frequency rank 11581 - representation — The act of speaking or acting on behalf of a person or group.; frequency rank 11986 - uphold — To support or maintain a law, principle, or decision.; frequency rank 12581 - proceeding — A legal action or process carried out in a court.; frequency rank 12618 - franchise — The right to sell a company's products or services in a particular area, or a business run under such a right.; frequency rank 12806 - monarch — The ruler of an absolute monarchy or the head of state of a constitutional monarchy.; frequency rank 13684 - notary — a public official authorized to witness signatures, administer oaths, and certify that documents are genuine; frequency rank 14173 - judicial — Relating to courts of law, judges, or the legal system.; frequency rank 14669 - accordance — Agreement with a rule, plan, or system, usually in the phrase 'in accordance with'.; frequency rank 15056 - submission — The act of sending in something such as a piece of work or an application.; frequency rank 15234 - court-martial — a military court, or a trial held by such a court, for members of the armed forces accused of breaking military law; frequency rank 15659 - congressional — Relating to a congress, especially the United States Congress.; frequency rank 16251 - doctrine — A set of beliefs taught by a religion, political group, or other organization.; frequency rank 16392 - mandate — The authority to act, given to a government or leader by the people who voted for them.; frequency rank 16926 - censorship — The use of state or group power to control freedom of expression or press, such as passing laws to prevent undesirable media from being published or propagated.; frequency rank 19077 - allegation — A claim, usually an accusation, that someone has done something wrong, made without proof.; frequency rank 20077 - loophole — an ambiguity, omission, or exception in a law or rule that allows its purpose to be avoided; frequency rank 20488 - critique — A careful, detailed assessment of something's strengths and weaknesses.; frequency rank 21522 - bureaucratic — Relating to complicated official rules and procedures, often seen as slow or unnecessary.; frequency rank 21778 - shambles — A state of great disorder, mess, or confusion.; frequency rank 21879 - adjourn — to suspend or end a meeting or official session, often until a stated later time; frequency rank 21993 - compliance — The act of obeying a rule, law, or official standard.; frequency rank 22178 - admiralty — historical: the British government department and its officers formerly responsible for naval affairs; frequency rank 22360 - invisibility — the quality of not being perceivable by the eye; frequency rank 22371 - parliamentary — Relating to or made by a parliament.; frequency rank 22473 - referendum — A direct vote by the public on a single political question or proposed law.; frequency rank 22575 - conform — To behave according to accepted rules, standards or customs.; frequency rank 22849 - watchdog — a person or organization that keeps watch over others or monitors an institution or industry to prevent danger, illegality, abuse, waste, or unfairness; frequency rank 22856 - citation — A short note that credits the source of information or a quotation.; frequency rank 23185 - abolish — to officially end a law, system, or practice; frequency rank 23343 - advisory — Having the role of giving advice rather than making decisions.; frequency rank 23938 - decorum — Appropriate social behavior.; frequency rank 24334 - legitimacy — the quality of being lawful, valid, or justified; frequency rank 27232 - dutiful — Doing what you are supposed to do out of a sense of duty and respect.; frequency rank 29677 - justifiable — capable of being justified; frequency rank 31179 - boyhood — The state or condition of being a boy.; frequency rank 31452 - enact — To make a proposal into an official law.; frequency rank 31588 - alienation — (law) the voluntary and absolute transfer of title and possession of real property from one person to another; frequency rank 33598 - renown — The state of being widely known and admired; fame.; frequency rank 34476 - empower — To give someone the confidence, strength, or ability to control their own life and decisions.; frequency rank 34785 - entitlement — right granted by law or contract (especially a right to benefits); frequency rank 35335 - insubordinate — Refusing to obey orders or accept authority.; frequency rank 36079 - mortally — in such a manner that death ensues, also in reference to hatred, jealousy, or fear; frequency rank 36775 - debtor — A person or firm that owes money; one in debt; one who owes a debt.; frequency rank 37056 - overrule — to use superior authority to reject or set aside a decision, ruling, or objection; frequency rank 38125 - extremity — the greatest or utmost degree; frequency rank 42486 - gladness — The state of being glad; joy.; frequency rank 44039 - stiffness — firm resoluteness in purpose or opinion or action; frequency rank 44601 - petitioner — Someone who presents a petition to some person in authority.; frequency rank 44603 - dignitary — a person who holds a high rank or important public office; frequency rank 48580 - ratify — to give formal approval to an agreement, treaty, or decision so that it becomes officially valid; frequency rank 48894 - allege — To claim that someone has done something wrong, usually without proof yet.; frequency rank 50382 - governorship — the office, position, or authority of a governor; frequency rank 52070 - dutifully — In a way that shows you are doing your duty, often willingly and without complaint.; frequency rank 60161 - transact — conduct business; frequency rank 60998 - despotism — Government by a despot or despots: rule by a singular authority, either a single person or a tight-knit group, which rules with absolute power, especially in a cruel and oppressive way.; frequency rank 61687 - unchangeable — not changeable or subject to change; frequency rank 62112 - illegality — the state or quality of being contrary to law; frequency rank 63596 - credential — A qualification, achievement, or document that proves someone's status, skill, or right to do something.; frequency rank 65526 - swiftness — The state of being swift.; frequency rank 66100 - unkindness — The collective noun for ravens; frequency rank 68048 - smallness — the property of having relatively little strength or vigor; frequency rank 73964 - trustworthiness — The state or quality of being trustworthy or reliable.; frequency rank 75801 - adjudication — the formal process of settling a dispute or deciding a legal case; frequency rank 76448 - dispossess — to deprive a person or community of land, a home, or other property, especially by force or legal action; frequency rank 95097 - prevarication — Evasion of the truth.; frequency rank 107053 - hereinafter — in a later part of this document, statement, or text; frequency rank 109566 - indenture — a formal contract binding a person to work for another for a fixed period, especially as an apprentice or servant; frequency rank 112852 - chargeable — required to be paid for or capable of being assigned to an account; frequency rank 126752 - federalism — a system of government in which constitutional power is divided between a central authority and constituent regions or states; frequency rank 138672 - mayoralty — the office or position of a mayor, or the period during which a particular mayor serves; frequency rank 172501 - leasehold — a right or estate in land or property held for a fixed period under a lease; frequency rank 176412 - bureaucratically — In a way that involves rigid official rules and procedures; frequency rank 263853 - liberalize — to make a law, system, or policy less restrictive and more open or permissive; frequency rank 293221 - grantee — a person or organization that receives a grant, award, right, or privilege; frequency rank 321722 - nonperformance — failure or refusal to carry out a task, promise, contract, or other obligation; frequency rank 344505 - patentee — a person or organization to whom a patent has been granted; frequency rank 428989 - insubordinately — In a way that refuses to obey orders or respect authority. - appellate — relating to appeals or to the authority to review and change decisions of lower courts - lam — to escape or flee, especially from the law or a dangerous situation - litigate — to take a dispute to a court of law for resolution - precept — a general rule or principle intended to regulate behavior or thought - seditious — inciting or causing people to rebel against authority or a state - affidavit — A written statement that someone swears to be true, used as evidence in a court of law - taxer — a person or authority that imposes or assesses taxes ### C2 - counsel — Advice or guidance, especially when serious or careful.; frequency rank 4541 - lex — a law or statute, especially one expressed by its Latin title or discussed in Roman law; frequency rank 5854 - dynamite — blow up with dynamite; frequency rank 6050 - precinct — in the United States, a local administrative district used for elections or policing; frequency rank 6540 - treason — The crime of betraying one’s own country.; frequency rank 6654 - concussion — A violent collision or shock.; frequency rank 9150 - valet — a person that will park and fetch cars for people using a business, restaurant or service; frequency rank 10448 - superstitious — showing ignorance of the laws of nature and faith in magic or chance; frequency rank 11838 - suspense — an uncertain cognitive state; frequency rank 13213 - bey — historical: a governor, ruler, or other high official in the Ottoman Empire and some of its former territories; frequency rank 14000 - statute — enacted by a legislative body; frequency rank 14104 - oblivion — total forgetfulness; frequency rank 14454 - perjury — The deliberate giving of false or misleading testimony under oath.; frequency rank 14833 - etiquette — The manners or decent behaviour to be observed in social or professional life; conventional decorum; the ceremonial code of polite society.; frequency rank 14834 - scapegoat — Someone unfairly blamed or punished for some failure.; frequency rank 15829 - privy — sharing secret or private knowledge of something, normally followed by to; frequency rank 16016 - untrue — not true to an obligation or trust; frequency rank 16110 - ancestral — inherited or inheritable by established rules (usually legal rules) of descent; frequency rank 16116 - eviction — the expulsion of someone, such as a tenant, from the possession of land by process of law; frequency rank 17583 - alderman — a member of a municipal council, especially in a city or in a historical system of local government; frequency rank 17917 - rigor — excessive sternness; frequency rank 17990 - emir — a ruler, prince, governor, or military commander in an Islamic country or polity; frequency rank 18050 - viceroy — a governor who rules a country, colony, or province as the representative of a monarch; frequency rank 18373 - corroborate — to support with evidence, authority, or make more certain or confirm; frequency rank 18663 - gentry — People of education and good breeding.; frequency rank 19155 - annihilation — total destruction; frequency rank 19371 - prerogative — a right or privilege belonging exclusively to a particular person, group, or position; frequency rank 20893 - evict — expel from one's property or force to move out by a legal process; frequency rank 21379 - scepter — a ceremonial staff carried by a monarch as an emblem of royal authority; frequency rank 21772 - aristocratic — belonging to or characteristic of the nobility or aristocracy; frequency rank 22537 - libel — a published false statement in a lasting form, such as writing or an image, that unjustly damages a person's reputation; also the legal wrong of publishing it; frequency rank 22556 - irreversible — incapable of being reversed; frequency rank 23096 - hypnotize — To induce a state of hypnosis in.; frequency rank 23174 - requisition — A formal, official request for supplies or services.; frequency rank 23320 - censor — to subject to political, religious, or moral censorship; frequency rank 23351 - wrongdoing — activity that transgresses moral or civil law; frequency rank 24787 - inquisitor — a person who asks questions in a searching, persistent, or harsh manner; frequency rank 25158 - feudal — Of, or relating to feudalism.; frequency rank 25439 - monogamous — (used of relationships and of individuals) having one mate; frequency rank 25513 - viscount — a member of the British or certain other peerages ranking below an earl or count and above a baron; frequency rank 26550 - accountability — The state of being responsible for your actions and having to explain them to others.; frequency rank 26891 - depravity — The state of being morally corrupt or wicked.; frequency rank 27053 - definitively — In a way that is not only decisive, but also conclusive and final.; frequency rank 27095 - demos — the ordinary citizens or common people of an ancient Greek city-state; by extension, the populace or citizen body of a democracy; frequency rank 28496 - exorcise — To drive out (an evil spirit) from a person, place or thing, especially by an incantation or prayer.; frequency rank 28548 - gratification — state of being gratified or satisfied; frequency rank 28612 - incumbent — Currently holding an official position, especially in politics.; frequency rank 29399 - habeas — law: habeas corpus, especially a petition, proceeding, or writ seeking judicial review of a person's detention; frequency rank 29894 - ruthlessly — in a ruthless manner; frequency rank 29978 - dominus — historical: a lord or master; a title formerly applied to a knight, cleric, or academic master; frequency rank 30121 - notoriety — The state of being famous for something bad or shameful.; frequency rank 30430 - transgression — A violation of a law, duty or commandment.; frequency rank 31840 - frenzied — affected with or marked by frenzy or mania uncontrolled by reason; frequency rank 31967 - austerity — A government policy of cutting public spending and raising taxes to reduce debt.; frequency rank 32339 - procedural — Relating to an established way of doing something, especially official rules or methods.; frequency rank 32554 - guile — Deceptiveness, deceit, fraud, duplicity, dishonesty.; frequency rank 32826 - squatter — a person who occupies land or a building without legal title, permission, or a tenancy agreement; frequency rank 34371 - modus — a customary payment or other composition made instead of a tithe in kind; historical English law; frequency rank 34965 - crevice — A narrow crack or fissure, as in a rock or wall.; frequency rank 35000 - doge — historical: the elected chief magistrate of the former republics of Venice or Genoa; frequency rank 35300 - regulatory — Relating to official rules that control how something is done.; frequency rank 35960 - juggernaut — a massive inexorable force that seems to crush everything in its way; frequency rank 36784 - undersigned — the person or people whose signatures appear at the end of a document; frequency rank 38504 - stipulate — To state clearly that something must be done, as part of an agreement or rule.; frequency rank 39412 - duchy — a territory ruled by a duke or duchess, or historically held as their domain; frequency rank 40387 - draconian — of or relating to Draco or his harsh code of laws; frequency rank 42528 - vicomte — a French nobleman holding the rank corresponding to a British viscount; frequency rank 42755 - caveat — a warning, reservation, or qualification attached to a statement or agreement; frequency rank 43395 - furtive — Of a person or an animal: sly, stealthy.; frequency rank 43493 - transverse — Situated or lying across; side to side, relative to some defined "forward" direction; perpendicular or slanted relative to the "forward" direction; identified with movement across areas.; frequency rank 44846 - baronet — a man holding a hereditary British title below a baron but above most knights; frequency rank 44963 - contractual — Relating to or required by a binding legal agreement.; frequency rank 45184 - omnipresent — Being everywhere simultaneously.; frequency rank 45346 - intendant — a public administrator or governor, especially an official in historical France, Spain, Portugal, or their colonies; frequency rank 47790 - vert — historical forest law: green vegetation in a forest, especially as cover or food for game; frequency rank 48113 - jurisprudence — the theory or philosophy of law and the principles by which legal systems interpret and apply it; frequency rank 48598 - beadle — historically, a minor parish officer who kept order, carried messages, or performed ceremonial duties; frequency rank 49238 - polygamist — someone who is married to two or more people at the same time; frequency rank 53693 - litigious — inclined to settle disputes by bringing lawsuits; frequency rank 54379 - mutinous — Refusing to obey those in authority; ready to rebel.; frequency rank 55051 - sycophant — One who uses obsequious compliments to gain self-serving favour or advantage from another; a servile flatterer.; frequency rank 56336 - ineligible — not qualified or permitted to be chosen, receive something, or take part; frequency rank 56448 - codicil — a legal document added to a will to explain, modify, add, or revoke a provision; frequency rank 57744 - polis — an ancient Greek city-state, regarded as a political community together with its territory; frequency rank 58056 - misnomer — A term which is misleading, even if firmly established, technically correct, or both.; frequency rank 59131 - chicanery — Deception by the use of trickery, quibbling, or subterfuge.; frequency rank 60106 - recidivism — Committing new offenses after a crime committed in the past.; frequency rank 60764 - pilfer — To steal in small quantities, or articles of small value; to practise petty theft.; frequency rank 62194 - onus — a responsibility, duty, or burden placed on someone; frequency rank 62782 - jurist — an expert or scholar in law and legal theory; frequency rank 63528 - elaborately — with elaboration; frequency rank 65118 - burgomaster — the mayor or chief magistrate of a town in the Netherlands, Germany, Belgium, or certain other European countries; frequency rank 66044 - calumny — Falsifications or misrepresentations intended to disparage or discredit another.; frequency rank 66690 - abeyance — Expectancy; a condition when an ownership of real property is undetermined; lapse in succession of ownership of estate, or title.; frequency rank 67501 - deputation — a group of people appointed to represent others or present a request; frequency rank 68473 - contravention — an action that violates or conflicts with a law, rule, order, agreement, or obligation; frequency rank 68523 - causation — The act or agency by which an effect is produced.; frequency rank 69134 - archon — one of the chief magistrates of ancient Athens; frequency rank 69443 - ordain — To officially make someone a priest, minister, or other religious leader; frequency rank 70216 - excusable — Possible to excuse; worthy of being excused.; frequency rank 70591 - functionary — an official, especially one in a government or large organization, who performs prescribed duties; frequency rank 70630 - easement — law: a right to cross or use another person's land for a specified purpose without owning it; frequency rank 75042 - testator — law: a person who has made a legally valid will; frequency rank 76986 - deviance — Actions or behaviors that violate formal and informal cultural norms such as laws and customs.; frequency rank 78220 - turnkey — a complete product that is ready to be deployed immediately, without further customization; frequency rank 78396 - freehold — ownership of land or a building for an indefinite period, rather than for a fixed lease term; frequency rank 81242 - unreality — The state of being unreal.; frequency rank 81287 - recidivist — One who falls back into prior habits, especially criminal habits.; frequency rank 82578 - sequestration — law: the seizure, isolation, or placing in custody of property by legal authority; frequency rank 83108 - droit — a legal right, entitlement, or lawful claim; frequency rank 85234 - selectman — a member of an elected board that serves as the chief administrative authority of a New England town; frequency rank 88381 - protrusion — Something that sticks out from a surface; a bulge.; frequency rank 89488 - comitatus — historical: a band of warriors or nobles bound by loyalty to a ruler or military leader; frequency rank 91537 - interdict — To forbid (an action or thing) by formal or legal sanction.; frequency rank 92014 - conveyancing — the legal work of preparing documents and completing the transfer of property from one owner to another; frequency rank 93399 - enunciation — The act of enunciating, announcing, proclaiming, or making known; open attestation; declaration.; frequency rank 97352 - indemnify — To secure against loss or damage; to insure.; frequency rank 98831 - alternation — successive change from one thing or state to another and back again; frequency rank 101447 - repudiation — the act of rejecting, disowning, or refusing to accept something as valid; frequency rank 102634 - presentment — an appearance, representation, or image presented to the mind; frequency rank 102840 - pleasantry — A playful remark; a jest.; frequency rank 103506 - intestate — having died without leaving a legally valid will; frequency rank 103738 - lawgiver — One who provides laws to a society.; frequency rank 104038 - usurpation — the wrongful seizure and exercise of power, office, authority, or a right; frequency rank 104470 - legalistic — excessively concerned with the strict and literal application of laws or rules, often at the expense of their purpose; frequency rank 112084 - preferment — the act of preferring; frequency rank 112571 - unenforceable — of a law, rule, or policy, impossible or impracticable to make people obey; frequency rank 115909 - tyrannous — using authority in a cruel, oppressive, unjust, or arbitrary way; characteristic of a tyrant; frequency rank 117349 - narrowness — a restriction of range or scope; frequency rank 120272 - imbroglio — A complicated situation; an entanglement.; frequency rank 120840 - gabelle — historical: a tax, especially the compulsory salt tax imposed in pre-Revolutionary France; frequency rank 121518 - legatee — law: a person or organization that receives a legacy under a will; frequency rank 123064 - pragmatically — in a realistic manner; frequency rank 123625 - deterministic — Having at most one instruction associated with any given internal state.; frequency rank 125534 - enshrine — to establish and protect a principle or right in a law, constitution, or institution; frequency rank 126765 - sternness — the quality of being grim, severe, or foreboding; frequency rank 127861 - enthrone — to install a monarch or senior religious leader formally on a throne as a sign of office; frequency rank 131607 - rejoinder — a quick reply to a question or remark (especially a witty or critical one); frequency rank 135379 - diffidence — The state of being diffident, timid or shy; reticence or self-effacement.; frequency rank 137083 - usufruct — the legal right to use another person's property and receive its benefits or profits without destroying or substantially damaging it; frequency rank 145549 - scofflaw — One who habitually violates minor laws or fails to answer trivial court summonses (such as parking tickets).; frequency rank 145644 - monarchical — having the characteristics of or befitting or worthy of a monarch; frequency rank 149788 - unequally — Not equally, unevenly, sometimes unfairly.; frequency rank 151119 - testamentary — of, expressed in, or relating to a legal will or testament; frequency rank 151951 - discoverable — capable of being ascertained or found out; frequency rank 160106 - ascendency — the state that exists when one person or group has power over another; frequency rank 160743 - pleader — formal or historical: a lawyer or advocate who pleads cases in court; frequency rank 166147 - attestation — the act of witnessing, certifying, or formally declaring that something is true or authentic; frequency rank 168339 - politesse — Civility, politeness, courtesy or gallantry; genteel politeness or an instance of this.; frequency rank 171434 - misappropriate — To embezzle.; frequency rank 171480 - survivorship — law and finance: the right of a surviving joint owner or beneficiary to receive property or benefits after another person's death; frequency rank 172766 - primogeniture — The principle that the eldest child has an exclusive right of inheritance.; frequency rank 174652 - outlawry — historical law: the formal placing of a person outside the law and its protection; frequency rank 179936 - absolutist — a person who supports absolute political authority or treats a principle as allowing no exceptions; frequency rank 180471 - guardedly — in a cautious and reserved manner; frequency rank 186436 - mortmain — the permanent and inalienable ownership of land or other property by a corporation, historically especially a church; frequency rank 189082 - quaestor — an ancient Roman magistrate chiefly responsible for public revenue, accounts, and financial administration; frequency rank 189940 - baronetcy — the hereditary rank, dignity, or title of a baronet; frequency rank 195245 - abrogation — the formal repeal, abolition, or annulment of a law, agreement, right, or custom; frequency rank 198976 - condign — Fitting, appropriate, deserved, especially denoting punishment.; frequency rank 213560 - subornation — the act of inducing someone to commit perjury or another unlawful act; frequency rank 224694 - syndic — an official or agent appointed to manage the affairs of a corporation, university, municipality, or similar body; frequency rank 226253 - gerrymander — an act of gerrymandering, or dividing a voting area so as to give your own party an unfair advantage; frequency rank 228903 - chieftainship — the position, authority, or period of rule of a chieftain; frequency rank 230368 - corvée — historical: unpaid labor that a feudal tenant was required to perform for a lord, often in place of rent or tax; frequency rank 236112 - superintendency — the act or responsibility of supervising, directing, or administering an organization or activity; frequency rank 239223 - simultaneity — happening or existing or done at the same time; frequency rank 255219 - princedom — a territory or state ruled by a prince; frequency rank 256041 - attaint — historical law: to condemn a person for treason or felony by attainder, extinguishing civil rights and often forfeiting property; frequency rank 260880 - predecease — to die before another person; frequency rank 263305 - ejectment — the legal process of removing a person from possession of land or other property; frequency rank 266747 - indefeasible — especially in law, not capable of being annulled, defeated, or made void; frequency rank 271824 - oligarchical — relating to, controlled by, or characteristic of an oligarchy; frequency rank 286851 - reimpose — to impose a rule, tax, restriction, penalty, or burden again after it has been removed or has ceased to apply; frequency rank 302754 - mandamus — law: a court order compelling a public official, lower court, agency, or other body to perform a duty required by law; frequency rank 324149 - purveyance — historical British law: the Crown's right to requisition provisions, transport, or other goods and services for royal use at fixed prices; frequency rank 342211 - solitariness — The state of being alone or apart from others.; frequency rank 346211 - bema — a raised platform in ancient Greece used by speakers, officials, or judges addressing an assembly or court; frequency rank 361488 - regality — historical Scots law: territorial jurisdiction of a royal character granted by the Crown to a lord, or the territory subject to it; frequency rank 368577 - assignable — Capable of being assigned (all senses).; frequency rank 375254 - cogency — The state of being cogent; the characteristic or quality of being reasonable and persuasive.; frequency rank 378841 - distinctness — The property or degree of being distinct.; frequency rank 386495 - externality — The state of being external or externalized.; frequency rank 391843 - octroi — a tax formerly levied on goods brought into a town or city, especially in France; frequency rank 410365 - adulterine — historical: illegal, unauthorized, or spurious; frequency rank 414157 - apanage — a grant of land, revenue, or privilege made by a sovereign to a dependent member of a ruling family; frequency rank 432483 - divisibility — the quality of being divisible; frequency rank 433271 - gerousia — in ancient Greece, a council of elders; specifically, the Spartan senate formed by twenty-eight elders and the two kings; frequency rank 436134 - zamindari — in British India, a system of landholding and revenue collection in which zamindars collected payments from cultivators for the state; frequency rank 449996 - allodial — law: held in absolute ownership, without feudal duties or a superior landlord; frequency rank 518688 - intestacy — the legal condition of dying without a valid will, or of having property not disposed of by a valid will; frequency rank 543327 - injuria — a wrongful injury or invasion of another person's legal rights; frequency rank 637997 - maladministration — faulty, improper, or inefficient management, especially by a public authority; frequency rank 649681 - ephor — one of five annually elected senior magistrates in ancient Sparta, empowered to supervise the kings and enforce civic law; frequency rank 664876 - contumacy — stubborn resistance to authority; deliberate and obstinate disobedience; frequency rank 690276 - nonage — the state or period of being below the legal age of adulthood; minority; frequency rank 690661 - indefeasibility — the quality of being impossible to annul, invalidate, or defeat, especially as a legal right or title; frequency rank 764603 - prohibitory — serving or intended to prohibit or forbid something; frequency rank 895169 - socage — historical law: land tenure in return for agricultural services fixed in amount and kind or for money rent, rather than military service; frequency rank 935815 - cursitor — historical English law: a clerk in the Court of Chancery who prepared original writs issued as a matter of routine; frequency rank 959532 - taxgatherer — one who collects taxes or public revenues; a tax collector; frequency rank 972632 - hotchpot — the legal combining of property or earlier gifts into a common fund so that an inheritance can be divided equally; frequency rank 973607 - comitia — in ancient Rome, an assembly of citizens convened to elect officials or exercise legislative or judicial authority; frequency rank 1028961 - disencumbrance — freedom or release from an encumbrance, burden, debt, or legal claim; frequency rank 1129968 - metic — in an ancient Greek city-state, a resident foreigner who lacked full citizen rights and usually paid a special tax; frequency rank 1130470 - mutinously — In a rebellious way that refuses to obey authority.; frequency rank 1233627 - arbitrament — an authoritative judgment or the power of deciding a matter; arbitration; frequency rank 1332712 - pontage — A duty or tax paid for repairing bridges. - mulct — A fine or penalty, especially a pecuniary one. - phylarch — the chief ruler of a phyle, or tribal division, in ancient Greece - vice-warden — a deputy or assistant to a warden, authorized to act in the warden's place - predial — of, relating to, or derived from land, landed property, or agriculture - denaturalize — to revoke or deny a person's naturalized citizenship - pedantocracy — government or administration dominated by pedants who value rigid rules and narrow learning over practical judgment - preappoint — to appoint, arrange, or determine beforehand - purpresture — law: a wrongful enclosure, occupation, or appropriation of land subject to public or common rights - muniment — a legal deed, charter, or other document preserved as evidence of a right or title - superficies — the outer surface or external aspect of something - probate — the legal process of establishing that a deceased person's will is valid - mistrial — a trial that is ended without a valid result because of a serious procedural problem or a jury that cannot agree - curfew — a rule requiring people to remain indoors or at home during specified hours ### C2+ - labyrinth — A maze-like structure built by Daedalus in Knossos, containing the Minotaur.; frequency rank 15077 - litigation — The conduct of a lawsuit.; frequency rank 20266 - prelude — An introductory or preliminary performance or event.; frequency rank 27472 - verboten — excluded from use or mention; frequency rank 56622 - urbane — Of a person (usually a man): having refined manners; courteous, polite, suave.; frequency rank 66958 - self-government — The governance of a region by its own populace; autonomy.; frequency rank 75710 - fungible — Any fungible item.; frequency rank 153289 - comity — Courtesy and considerate behaviour towards others; social harmony.; frequency rank 161684 - defalcate — appropriate property entrusted to one's care fraudulently to one's own use; frequency rank 1278678 - prepense — planned or considered beforehand; premeditated, chiefly in the legal phrase malice prepense; frequency rank 1292818 - perquisition — A thorough inquiry or search.; frequency rank 1299038 - authorization — official permission or sanction to do something - authoritarian — favouring strict obedience to authority over personal freedom - dormant — temporarily inactive or in a state of suspended development - abeyant — temporarily suspended or in a state of latency - contentedness — the state of being satisfied and at ease - crestfallenness — the state of being dejected or dispirited - delightedness — the state of being greatly pleased or joyful - vexation — the state of being annoyed or frustrated; a cause of such - abasement — the act of humbling or degrading; a state of humiliation - aloneness — the state of being alone; solitude - commotion — a state of confused and noisy disturbance - licit — permitted by law; lawful - observance — the keeping of a law, custom, or ritual - permissible — allowed or permitted by rules or law - seclusion — the state of being private and away from others - approbation — approval or praise, often official - corrupted — made dishonest, debased, or damaged from an original state - decease — (formal/legal) death; to die - bobby — a British police officer - continuance — the act of continuing, or a legal postponement of proceedings - delict — a wrongful act giving rise to legal liability; a civil wrong - disarray — a state of disorder or confusion - heteroclite — deviating from the ordinary rule or form; irregular or abnormal - illicitly — in a manner forbidden by law, rule, or custom - impurity — a contaminating substance, or the state of being impure - jester — a professional fool or clown, especially at a medieval court - kosher — conforming to Jewish dietary law; informally, legitimate or proper - promulgate — to make widely known or to put a law into effect by official proclamation - adherence — steady attachment to a rule, belief, or cause - confiscate — to seize property by authority - defiant — boldly resistant to authority or opposition - depravedness — the state of being morally corrupt or depraved - designation — an official name, title, or label assigned to someone or something - drunkenness — the state of being intoxicated with alcohol - edict — an official order or proclamation issued by an authority - flux — continuous change or flow; a state of instability - illegitimate — not authorized by law or accepted standards; not legitimate - illicit — forbidden by law, rules, or custom - legitimately — in a way that conforms to law or accepted standards; justifiably - nativism — the policy of favoring native-born inhabitants over immigrants - obligatory — required by a rule, law, or custom; compulsory - onliness — the state of being alone or unique; singleness - abrogate — to repeal or do away with a law, agreement, or custom formally - craziness — the state of being wild, foolish, or insane - decree — an official order having the force of law - dependency — the state of relying on or being controlled by something or someone - docket — a list of legal cases to be tried; an agenda of matters to be dealt with - expectancy — the state of anticipating or expecting something to happen - feral — in a wild state, especially after escaping from domestication - identicalness — the state of being exactly the same - inadequacy — the state of being insufficient or not good enough for a purpose - instability — the state of being unsteady, unreliable, or prone to change - justicer — (archaic) one who administers justice; a judge or magistrate - loneness — (literary) the state of being alone or solitary - malfeasance — wrongdoing, especially misconduct by a public official - misdeed — a wicked or illegal act; a wrongdoing - null — having no legal force or value; zero or nonexistent - transiency — the state of being brief or impermanent; transience - unevenness — the state of not being level, smooth, or consistent - unlawful — not permitted by law; illegal - unprocessed — not treated, refined, or prepared; in a raw state - absolutism — the principle or system of absolute, unlimited governmental or moral authority - bailiff — an official who maintains order in a court or executes legal writs - bondage — the state of being a slave or under another's control - cabal — a secret group plotting against a government or authority - congress — a formal assembly of representatives, or a coming together - connectedness — the state of being joined or related to others - consuetude — an established custom or usage, especially with legal force - decern — to decree or judge judicially, especially in Scots law - democrat — an advocate or supporter of democratic government - destitution — the state of extreme poverty; lack of the means of subsistence - directive — an official instruction or order issued by an authority - disconnection — the act of breaking a connection or the state of being disconnected - dissimilarity — the state of being unlike or different - disuse — the state of no longer being used or practiced - dupery — the act of deceiving, or the state of being duped - elector — a person entitled to vote in an election - electorate — all the people entitled to vote in an election - enfranchisement — the granting of the right to vote or of civil liberties - enlargement — the act of making larger or the state of being enlarged - extrajudicial — outside or beyond the authority of a court of law - flout — to openly disregard a rule, law, or convention with contempt - helplessness — the state of being unable to act or defend oneself - holiness — the state of being sacred, pure, or spiritually consecrated - impeachment — the formal charging of a public official with misconduct - impermanence — the state of not lasting; transience - impound — to seize and hold in legal custody, or to confine in a pound - incapacitate — to deprive of strength, ability, or legal capacity - infraction — a breach or violation of a law, rule, or agreement - insanity — the state of being seriously mentally ill; extreme folly - involution — the state of being intricate; a curling inward or shrinking process - junket — a trip taken by an official at public expense, often as a perk - lawfully — in a manner permitted or recognized by law - lieutenant — a deputy or a junior commissioned military or police officer - nirvana — in Buddhism, a transcendent state free from suffering; perfect bliss or peace - particularize — to state or treat in detail; to specify individually - peacefulness — the state of being tranquil and free from disturbance - perfection — the state of being flawless or complete - preoccupancy — the act or state of occupying something before another - proclamation — an official public announcement - quash — to reject or void, especially by legal procedure - ravishment — a state of intense delight or rapture - readiness — the state of being prepared or willing - receivership — the state of being managed by a court-appointed receiver - redundance — the state of being superfluous or excessive - repeal — to revoke or annul a law officially - rescript — an official edict or written answer from an authority - ruination — the action of ruining or the state of being ruined - shirk — to avoid or neglect a duty or responsibility - sovereign — a supreme ruler; possessing supreme or independent authority - submissive — inclined to yield to the authority or will of others - thrall — the state of being in another's power; a slave or captive - visitation — an official or supernatural visit, or an affliction regarded as divine punishment - wakefulness — the state of being awake or unable to sleep - wholeness — the state of being complete, undivided, or unbroken - wonderment — a state of awed admiration or curiosity - abalienate — to transfer ownership of property to another, especially by legal conveyance - abhorrency — the state of abhorring; loathing or detestation - aboil — in a state of boiling or agitation - actuality — the state of existing in fact; reality as opposed to possibility - adrip — dripping; in a state of dripping with liquid - anarchy — a state of disorder due to the absence of authority or government - answerability — the state of being responsible or accountable to someone - antiparliamentary — opposed to parliament or to parliamentary government - arbiter — a person with authority to settle a dispute or decide what is right - arousal — the act of awakening or the state of being stirred to activity or excitement - ascendance — the state of having dominant power, influence, or control - augur — to foretell or portend; a Roman official who interpreted omens - backchat — impertinent or cheeky replies to someone in authority - bafflement — the state of being utterly puzzled or confused - beggary — the state of extreme poverty or destitution - bylaw — a rule made by an organization or local authority to regulate its affairs - canonic — conforming to a canon or accepted rule; canonical - captivation — the state of being charmed or fascinated - chancery — a court of equity or the public records office of a court - cloture — a procedure for ending debate and forcing an immediate vote - cocket — a customs seal or sealed document certifying that duty has been paid on goods - competentness — the state of being competent; adequate ability - completement — the act of completing or the state of being complete (archaic) - completeness — the state of being whole, full, or entire - compulsorily — in a way that is required by law or rule; obligatorily - confusedness — the state of being confused or disordered - constitutionalization — the act of embedding something within a constitution or making it constitutional - constitutionist — a supporter or adherent of a particular constitution or constitutional government - consul — an official representing a state's commercial interests in a foreign city - contentment — a state of peaceful happiness and satisfaction - contravene — to act in violation of a law, rule, or principle - convincement — the act or state of being convinced; firm conviction - dampness — the state of being slightly wet - deemster — a judge in the Isle of Man - defiance — open resistance to authority or opposition - democratism — adherence to or advocacy of democratic principles and government - deregister — to remove from an official register or record - deviancy — the state of departing from accepted norms, especially of behavior - devolve — to transfer power or duty to another; or to degenerate gradually - dictatorship — government by a single ruler with absolute power - dictatress — a woman who rules with absolute authority - disassociation — the act of separating or state of being disconnected - disobedient — failing or refusing to obey rules or authority - disobey — to fail or refuse to comply with a command or rule - emptiness — the state of containing nothing or lacking meaning - enounce — to state or proclaim formally; to enunciate - exemption — the state of being freed from an obligation; an instance of this - famousness — the state of being widely known or celebrated - federally — by or in relation to a central federal government - ferity — the state of being wild, savage, or untamed - ferric — of or containing iron, especially in its trivalent state - ferrous — containing or relating to iron, especially in its divalent state - fixedness — the state of being firmly set, immovable, or unchanging - flabbergastation — a state of overwhelming astonishment or bewilderment - forgetness — forgetfulness; the state of being forgotten or oblivious - fullness — the state of being full or complete - hereto — to this document or matter (formal and legal) - hypnotic — inducing sleep or a trance-like state; mesmerizing - imperfection — a flaw or fault; the state of being incomplete or defective - implead — to bring a legal action against; to sue in a court of law - impotence — the state of being powerless or lacking effective strength - incapability — the state of being unable to do something; lack of ability - incapacity — inability to do something, or legal disqualification from acting - incarceration — the act of imprisoning or the state of being confined - inceptive — relating to or marking the beginning of an action or state - incumbrance — a burden or impediment; a legal claim against property - indigence — a state of extreme poverty or neediness - inexistence — the state of not existing; nonexistence - infract — to break or violate a law, rule, or agreement - infrequency — the state of happening rarely or seldom - infringer — a person who violates a law, right, or agreement - inofficial — not official; lacking formal authority (archaic for unofficial) - interestedness — the state of being interested, or of having a personal stake or bias - invocation — the act of calling upon a deity, spirit, or authority for aid or inspiration - irresolution — the state of being undecided or wavering - itemize — to state or list as separate items - juridical — relating to judicial proceedings or the law - lawbreaking — the act of violating the law - lawman — a law-enforcement officer, such as a sheriff or marshal - magisterial — having an air of authority; authoritative and commanding - meaninglessness — the state of lacking purpose, significance, or sense - messiness — the state of being untidy, disordered, or complicated - moistness — the state of being slightly wet or damp - monarchy — a form of government with a monarch as head of state - necessitation — the act of making necessary or the state of being compelled - nonequilibrium — a state in which a system is not in equilibrium - nonexistence — the state of not existing - nonidentity — the state of not being identical or the same - nonjudicial — not relating to or carried out by a court of law - nonpossession — the state of not possessing something - notoriousness — the state of being notorious; ill fame - officeholder — a person who holds a public or official position - oneness — the state of being unified, whole, or in complete harmony - ordinance — an authoritative rule or law, especially one made by a municipality - parallelism — the state of being parallel or of corresponding in structure - pedantically — in an overly precise or rule-bound manner - penal — relating to punishment for breaking the law - perfunctory — carried out with minimal effort or care, as a routine duty - perplexity — the state of being puzzled or confused - plaintiff — a person who brings a legal action against another in a court of law - plurality — the state of being plural; the largest share of votes when no majority exists - prosperousness — the state of being successful and thriving, especially financially - punishable — liable to or deserving of punishment under law or rule - rawness — the state of being uncooked, unrefined, sore, or emotionally exposed - reassert — to state or claim again, more firmly; to reestablish - recalcitrant — stubbornly resistant to authority, control, or guidance - registrar — an official who keeps official records or registers - republican — relating to a republic or its principles; a supporter of republican government - respectability — the state of being regarded as proper, decent, and worthy of esteem - rot — to decay or decompose; the process or state of decay; nonsense - sequester — to isolate or set apart; to seize property temporarily by law - sobriety — the state of being sober; seriousness or moderation - speeding — the act of driving faster than the legal limit - stupefaction — a state of being stunned into dazed astonishment - subvert — to undermine the power and authority of an established system or institution - summons — an order to appear before a court or authority - supremacy — the state of being superior in authority, power, or status - tautness — the state of being stretched tight or tense - tenseness — the state of being physically or emotionally taut or strained - thirstiness — the state of being thirsty - tightness — the state of being firmly fixed, taut, or constricted - totality — the whole of something; the state of being complete - tranquillity — the state of being calm, peaceful, and untroubled - transgress — to violate a law, command, or moral boundary - trooper — a soldier in a cavalry or armored unit, or a state police officer - unawareness — the state of not being conscious or cognizant of something - uncertainness — the state of being unsure or doubtful; uncertainty - uncomfortableness — the state of being uneasy or physically uncomfortable - unfitness — the state of being unsuitable or physically unhealthy - unitedness — the state of being joined together in agreement - unlawfully — in a manner contrary to the law - unofficially — not in an official capacity; informally - unpopularity — the state of being disliked by many - vacantness — the state of being empty, unoccupied, or expressionless - variegation — the state of having varied colors or markings - wapentake — a former administrative subdivision of certain English shires, like a hundred - wrongful — unjust, unfair, or contrary to law or morality - compresence — The state of existing together concurrently. - herile — of or relating to a master, especially a master's authority over servants or enslaved people - aesymnetes — historical: a supreme magistrate voluntarily appointed by an ancient Greek city-state during a crisis, often with powers comparable to those of a tyrant - prytanis — a member of the prytany, the section of the Athenian council serving for a fixed period as its presiding executive committee - zeugitai — historical: members of the third of the four property classes in Solonian Athens, below the hippeis and above the thetes - dicast — a citizen of ancient Athens chosen to serve as both judge and juror in a popular court - theatrocracy — government by citizens assembled in a theater, especially as a description of ancient Athenian democracy - forisfamiliate — obsolete Scots law: to renounce a legal claim to any further share of one's father's estate after receiving a portion - sequestrate — to set apart, isolate, or seclude someone or something - disafforest — in English law, to remove land's legal status as a royal forest and release it from forest law - non compos mentis — not of sound mind; unable to understand or take legal responsibility for one's actions - reaccuse — to accuse someone again - recognizant — aware of, acknowledging, or appreciative of something - conscribe — To enroll; to enlist - commixtion — the action or result of mixing or blending things together