# Plants & Agriculture

**Type:** Topic
**Words:** 530

## About

Crops, gardens, farming, trees, flowers, and plant life.

## Words by Level

### A1
- tree — A tall plant with a wooden trunk, branches, and leaves.; frequency rank 1060
- grow — To get bigger in size over time, as living things do naturally.; frequency rank 1110
- garden — An area of ground, usually next to a house, where flowers, vegetables, or other plants are grown.; frequency rank 1741
- farm — An area of land and buildings used for growing crops or raising animals.; frequency rank 1901
- flower — The colourful part of a plant that produces seeds, often with a pleasant smell.; frequency rank 2288
- rice — Small white or brown grains that are cooked and eaten as food.; frequency rank 2353
- fruit — The sweet, soft part of a plant that contains seeds and is eaten as food.; frequency rank 2418
- lily — A tall garden flower with large, showy, often trumpet-shaped blooms.; frequency rank 2479
- apple — A round fruit with red, green, or yellow skin and crisp white flesh.; frequency rank 2609
- pink — A pale red colour, like that of many flowers.; frequency rank 2660
- corn — A tall plant that produces yellow grains on a cob; maize.; frequency rank 3795
- farmer — A person who owns or works on a farm.; frequency rank 4064
- banana — A long curved tropical fruit with a yellow skin and soft sweet flesh.; frequency rank 4699
- tomato — A soft, round red fruit eaten raw or cooked, used as a vegetable.; frequency rank 6601
- vegetable — A plant or part of a plant, such as a carrot or potato, that is eaten as food.; frequency rank 7469

### A2
- pick — To choose one or more things from a group.; frequency rank 542
- field — An area of open land, especially one used for crops or grazing.; frequency rank 1036
- plant — A living thing that grows in the ground and has leaves and roots, such as a flower or tree.; frequency rank 1943
- clay — A mineral substance made up of small crystals of silica and alumina, that is ductile when moist; the material of pre-fired ceramics.; frequency rank 3323
- bush — A low woody plant with many stems, smaller than a tree.; frequency rank 3573
- nut — A small, hard fruit or seed with a tough shell, such as a peanut or walnut.; frequency rank 4231
- root — The part of a plant that grows underground and takes in water and nutrients.; frequency rank 4398
- seed — a small part of a plant from which a new plant grows; frequency rank 5280
- harvest — The crops that are gathered in, or the amount gathered.; frequency rank 5746
- bean — A seed or seedpod from certain plants, eaten as a vegetable.; frequency rank 5761
- bloom — To produce flowers; to open into flower.; frequency rank 6064
- onion — A round vegetable with a strong smell and taste, made of layers and used in cooking.; frequency rank 7672
- flour — A fine powder made by grinding wheat or other grain, used to make bread, cakes, and pastry.; frequency rank 7790
- cereal — A breakfast food made from grain, usually eaten with milk.; frequency rank 8110
- bulb — The glass part of an electric lamp that gives out light; frequency rank 9500
- pea — A small round green seed eaten as a vegetable.; frequency rank 10804
- pear — A sweet, juicy fruit that is narrow at the top and round at the bottom.; frequency rank 13163
- sunflower — A tall plant with a very large yellow flower and edible seeds, which turns to face the sun.; frequency rank 19696
- turnip — a round root vegetable with white flesh and purple, red, or greenish skin, eaten as a vegetable

### B1
- pit — A large hole in the ground.; frequency rank 3341
- soil — The top layer of earth in which plants grow.; frequency rank 4023
- electrical — Connected with or operated by electricity.; frequency rank 4990
- leaf — The flat, usually green part of a plant that grows from a stem or branch.; frequency rank 5700
- straw — The dry, yellow stems of cut grain plants like wheat.; frequency rank 6119
- tobacco — The dried leaves of the tobacco plant, prepared for smoking or chewing.; frequency rank 6388
- grain — The seeds of food crops such as wheat, corn, and rice, used for food.; frequency rank 6407
- fade — To slowly lose color or brightness.; frequency rank 7071
- crop — A plant that farmers grow in large amounts for food or other use.; frequency rank 7633
- poppy — a plant with showy, delicate flowers, especially one of the genus Papaver; some species produce edible seeds or opium; frequency rank 8039
- farming — The work of growing crops and raising animals on a farm.; frequency rank 9025
- pineapple — A large sweet tropical fruit with rough brown skin, juicy yellow flesh, and stiff leaves on top.; frequency rank 10296
- agriculture — The practice of farming, including growing crops and raising animals.; frequency rank 11564
- scarecrow — a human-shaped figure placed in a field to frighten birds away from crops; frequency rank 12456
- broccoli — A green vegetable with a thick stalk and tight clusters of small flower buds; frequency rank 13659
- blackberry — a soft, dark purple-black edible fruit made up of many small juicy segments; frequency rank 19841
- irrigation — the artificial supply of water to land so that crops and other plants can grow; frequency rank 20465
- petal — one of the usually colored, leaflike parts that form the corolla of a flower; frequency rank 24701
- cornfield — a field in which corn or another cereal crop is growing, especially a field of maize in North American English; frequency rank 28539
- fatten — make fat or plump; frequency rank 29117
- cultivation — (agriculture) production of food by preparing the land to grow crops (especially on a large scale); frequency rank 32052
- oat — a grain from the cereal plant Avena sativa, used as food and animal feed and usually referred to in the plural as oats; frequency rank 32112
- planter — a decorative pot for house plants; frequency rank 33540
- grower — a person or business that cultivates a particular crop, usually for sale; frequency rank 40466
- treetop — the highest part of a tree, formed by its uppermost branches and leaves; frequency rank 46992

### B2
- bud — A small swelling on a plant that grows into a leaf or flower; frequency rank 2941
- holly — an evergreen shrub or small tree of the genus Ilex, typically with glossy prickly leaves and red berries; frequency rank 3141
- weed — A wild plant growing where it is not wanted, especially among crops or in a garden.; frequency rank 4051
- ranch — a large farm or tract of land used primarily for raising cattle, sheep, horses, or other livestock; frequency rank 4358
- wheat — A cereal grain grown for food and used to make flour for bread, pasta, and other foods.; frequency rank 6910
- peel — To remove the skin or outer covering from a fruit or vegetable.; frequency rank 7191
- peach — A soft, round, juicy fruit with sweet yellow flesh and a fuzzy reddish-yellow skin.; frequency rank 7211
- jasmine — a shrub or climbing plant of the genus Jasminum, known for its fragrant white or yellow flowers; frequency rank 7751
- blossom — A flower or mass of flowers, especially on a fruit tree.; frequency rank 7759
- lotus — a large-flowered aquatic plant of the genus Nelumbo, especially the sacred lotus of Asia; frequency rank 9276
- thorn — a hard, sharp-pointed growth on a plant, botanically often a modified stem or branch; frequency rank 10304
- cone — A solid shape with a round flat base and a point at the top.; frequency rank 11042
- pip — a small, hard seed inside an apple, orange, or similar fruit, chiefly in British English; frequency rank 11328
- barren — Having poor soil where few plants can grow; empty and bare.; frequency rank 11668
- mango — A sweet, juicy tropical fruit with yellow or orange flesh and a large seed.; frequency rank 11903
- reaper — a person who cuts and gathers a crop, especially grain; frequency rank 12324
- lavender — an aromatic Mediterranean plant with narrow leaves and spikes of small purple flowers; frequency rank 13166
- stalk — a plant's main stem, or another slender structure that supports an attached part; frequency rank 14689
- unnoticed — not noticed; frequency rank 15265
- walnut — An edible nut with a hard, wrinkled shell and a brain-shaped seed inside.; frequency rank 16261
- barley — A grain crop used as food and for making beer and whisky.; frequency rank 16560
- tulip — A garden plant that grows from a bulb and produces a single, brightly coloured, cup-shaped flower in spring.; frequency rank 17114
- fir — an evergreen conifer, especially a tree of the genus Abies with needlelike leaves and upright cones; frequency rank 17527
- elm — a tall deciduous tree of the genus Ulmus, often grown for shade or timber; frequency rank 17776
- lateral — lying away from the median and sagittal plane of a body; frequency rank 18708
- silo — a tall structure used to store grain or fermented animal feed; frequency rank 20412
- overgrown — covered with too many plants or plants that have grown too large; frequency rank 20600
- overflow — The spillage resultant from overflowing.; frequency rank 21571
- marigold — a plant with conspicuous yellow, orange, or reddish flowers, especially a Tagetes or Calendula; frequency rank 23454
- hemp — A tall plant, Cannabis sativa, grown for its strong fibres and seeds.; frequency rank 23987
- lilac — a shrub or small tree of the genus Syringa, grown for its clusters of fragrant flowers; frequency rank 24070
- compost — decayed organic material used to fertilize soil and improve its structure; frequency rank 25615
- breeder — a person who breeds animals or plants, especially as a job or serious activity; frequency rank 25659
- dandelion — A common wild plant with bright yellow flowers that turn into a ball of white seeds.; frequency rank 26633
- harrow — A heavy farm tool dragged across ploughed land to break up and smooth the soil.; frequency rank 27217
- sty — a pen or enclosure in which pigs are kept; frequency rank 31304
- leafy — having many leaves or abundant foliage; frequency rank 32290
- maize — a tall cereal plant that bears kernels on large ears; corn; frequency rank 33079
- flax — A plant with blue flowers, grown for its seeds and for the fibers used to make linen.; frequency rank 33272
- uproot — to pull a plant or tree out of the ground with its roots; frequency rank 33425
- soybean — The edible bean of a plant grown widely for food and oil, rich in protein.; frequency rank 38308
- ripen — to become ripe and ready to eat or harvest; frequency rank 40255
- daffodil — a spring-flowering bulb of the genus Narcissus, typically bearing a yellow or white flower with a trumpet-shaped center; frequency rank 40452
- chlorophyll — any of the green pigments that absorb light for photosynthesis in plants, algae, and cyanobacteria; frequency rank 45559
- loam — fertile soil containing a balanced mixture of sand, silt, and clay, often with organic matter; frequency rank 59377
- horticultural — relating to the science or practice of growing fruit, vegetables, flowers, or ornamental plants; frequency rank 60492
- tuber — a thickened underground plant stem or root that stores nutrients and can produce new growth; frequency rank 68115
- hayfield — a field in which grass or another crop is grown, cut, or lying for use as hay; frequency rank 76918
- subsoil — the layer of soil beneath the topsoil and above the underlying rock or parent material; frequency rank 113634
- plumule — the embryonic shoot of a seed, situated above the cotyledons and developing into the stem and leaves

### C1
- rick — a stack of hay, straw, or similar material stored outdoors, often under thatch; frequency rank 2138
- heather — a low evergreen plant with small purple, pink, or white flowers, common on moorland; frequency rank 4363
- creep — To move slowly, quietly, and carefully.; frequency rank 5138
- peasant — A poor farmer or farm worker, especially in the past or in poorer countries.; frequency rank 7650
- opium — A yellow-brown, addictive narcotic drug obtained from the dried juice of unripe pods of the opium poppy, Papaver somniferum, and containing alkaloids such as morphine, codeine, and papaverine.; frequency rank 9862
- heath — A tract of level uncultivated land with sandy soil and scrubby vegetation; heathland.; frequency rank 11334
- viable — Able to be done successfully; workable.; frequency rank 11817
- vine — a plant whose weak stem climbs, twines around supports, or trails along the ground, especially a grape plant; frequency rank 11995
- steward — A ship's officer who is in charge of making dining arrangements and provisions.; frequency rank 12361
- orchard — An area of land where fruit or nut trees are grown.; frequency rank 13726
- pollen — the fine powder produced by flowers that contains male reproductive cells; frequency rank 14108
- reap — To get or receive something as a result of your actions.; frequency rank 14195
- rotate — To turn or spin around a central point.; frequency rank 14493
- mow — to cut grass or a standing crop with a machine or bladed tool; frequency rank 15064
- domination — Control or power over others through strength, influence, or resources.; frequency rank 15159
- cedar — a tall evergreen conifer, especially a true cedar of the genus Cedrus or one of several similar trees; frequency rank 15701
- grapefruit — A large round citrus fruit with a thick yellow or pink skin and a slightly sour, juicy inside.; frequency rank 17209
- aspen — a poplar tree whose leaves tremble readily because they grow on flattened stalks; frequency rank 17643
- sprout — To begin to grow; to produce new shoots or leaves.; frequency rank 18018
- pansy — a small garden plant of the violet family with rounded, often multicolored petals; frequency rank 20763
- chamomile — any of several aromatic daisy-like plants whose flowers are used in herbal preparations; frequency rank 24105
- botanical — relating to plants or to the scientific study of plants; frequency rank 24488
- discrepancy — An inconsistency between facts or sentiments.; frequency rank 27099
- mulberry — a sweet edible berry, usually dark purple or red, that resembles a blackberry; frequency rank 27514
- huckleberry — a small edible blue, black, or red berry produced by several North American shrubs; frequency rank 27850
- primrose — a low-growing plant of the genus Primula, typically bearing pale yellow flowers early in spring; frequency rank 32040
- glade — An open passage through a wood; a grassy open or cleared space in a forest.; frequency rank 32309
- alfalfa — a perennial legume, Medicago sativa, grown widely for hay, animal feed, and soil improvement; frequency rank 33987
- mildew — a thin, usually whitish fungal growth on plants or damp organic material; frequency rank 34679
- irrigate — to supply land or crops with water through channels, pipes, or sprinklers; frequency rank 35819
- intently — with strained or eager attention; frequency rank 36786
- shrub — a woody plant smaller than a tree, usually with several stems rising at or near the ground; frequency rank 39446
- ornamental — Used for decoration rather than for any practical purpose.; frequency rank 40654
- pinewood — a forest or grove of pine trees; frequency rank 41534
- glean — To gather information or knowledge slowly, bit by bit and often with effort.; frequency rank 43598
- seedling — A young plant that has just grown from a seed.; frequency rank 46827
- dryness — objectivity and detachment; frequency rank 51152
- unproductive — not producing desired results; frequency rank 53522
- copse — Any thicket of small trees or shrubs, coppiced or not.; frequency rank 57038
- reverently — in a reverent manner.; frequency rank 64448
- restlessly — in a restless manner; frequency rank 66072
- liber — the living inner bark of a plant, especially the tissue that conducts food; phloem; frequency rank 84395
- stamen — the pollen-producing male organ of a flower, typically consisting of an anther on a filament; frequency rank 96649
- paradigmatic — related as members of a substitution class; frequency rank 182489
- overgrow — to grow over and cover a surface, place, or other vegetation; frequency rank 224800
- sepal — one of the usually green, leaflike parts that enclose a flower bud and together form the calyx; frequency rank 400925
- cultivator — a person or tool that cultivates land, plants, or crops

### C2
- brandy — distilled from wine or fermented fruit juice; frequency rank 5075
- shin — The front part of the leg below the knee; the front edge of the shin bone: Shinbone on Wikipedia.Wikipedia; frequency rank 7005
- stroll — a leisurely walk, usually in some public place; frequency rank 8256
- hull — The main body or frame of a ship or boat.; frequency rank 8272
- coop — a small enclosure or shelter for poultry or other small animals; frequency rank 8862
- rosemary — an aromatic evergreen shrub with narrow leaves, grown as a culinary and medicinal herb; frequency rank 8876
- tar — coat with tar; frequency rank 11374
- afar — A member of the people who speak this language and reside in these regions.; frequency rank 12092
- watchman — A man set to watch: a man who keeps guard, especially one who guards a building, or the streets of a city, by night; (loosely) any such person of any sex or gender.; frequency rank 12245
- stump — remove tree stumps from; frequency rank 13315
- meddle — To interfere in or with; to concern oneself with unduly.; frequency rank 14005
- vineyard — A grape plantation, especially one used in the production of wine.; frequency rank 14120
- fern — Any of a group of some twenty thousand species of vascular plants classified in the division Pteridophyta that lack seeds and reproduce by shedding spores to initiate an alternation of generations.; frequency rank 14515
- myrtle — an evergreen shrub or small tree of the genus Myrtus, with aromatic leaves and white or pink flowers; frequency rank 14551
- pasture — bulky food like grass or hay for browsing or grazing horses or cattle; frequency rank 15364
- burr — a rough or prickly seed case, husk, or flower head that clings to fur or clothing; frequency rank 15830
- birch — to whip with a birch twig; frequency rank 15895
- sup — a small amount of liquid food; frequency rank 17362
- fragrant — Sweet-smelling; having a pleasant (usually strong) scent or fragrance.; frequency rank 17603
- plough — a farm tool used to cut and turn over soil before planting; frequency rank 18258
- bale — a large quantity of material compressed and tightly bound for storage or transport; frequency rank 19228
- dahlia — a tuberous flowering plant of the genus Dahlia, native to Mexico and cultivated for its large, brightly colored flower heads; frequency rank 19466
- hoe — dig with a hoe; frequency rank 20079
- mistletoe — an evergreen plant that grows parasitically on trees and bears white berries; frequency rank 20341
- hyacinth — a bulbous garden plant with a dense spike of fragrant, brightly colored flowers; frequency rank 20474
- putty — apply putty in order to fix or fill; frequency rank 20478
- bluebell — Various flowering plants with blue, usually pendulous, flowers.; frequency rank 21090
- floral — decorated with, made from, or resembling flowers; frequency rank 22173
- gourd — a fruit with a hard rind from a trailing or climbing plant of the squash family, often grown for decoration or practical use; frequency rank 22311
- rhubarb — a garden plant with large leaves and long, thick, sour-tasting stalks that are cooked with sugar as food; frequency rank 22719
- fennel — an aromatic herb with feathery leaves and yellow flowers, cultivated for its edible leaves, seeds, and swollen stem base; frequency rank 23138
- grange — a farm or farmhouse with its outbuildings, especially one formerly belonging to a monastery or estate; frequency rank 23203
- magnolia — a tree or shrub of the genus Magnolia, typically bearing large, fragrant flowers; frequency rank 23493
- juniper — an evergreen shrub or small tree of the genus Juniperus, with needlelike or scalelike leaves and aromatic berrylike cones; frequency rank 23742
- kelp — large brown seaweeds having fluted leathery fronds; frequency rank 24090
- mahogany — The valuable wood of any of various tropical American evergreen trees, of the genus Swietenia, mostly used to make furniture.; frequency rank 24275
- rosebud — the unopened or partly opened flower bud of a rose; frequency rank 24381
- hemlock — poisonous drug derived from an Eurasian plant of the genus Conium; frequency rank 24970
- pitchfork — a long-handled hand tool with sharp widely spaced prongs for lifting and pitching hay; frequency rank 26796
- beech — A tree of the genus Fagus having a smooth, light grey trunk, oval, pointed leaves, and many branches.; frequency rank 27259
- livid — furiously angry; frequency rank 27261
- cypress — An evergreen coniferous tree with flattened shoots bearing small scale-like leaves, whose dark foliage is sometimes associated with mourning, in family Cupressaceae, especially the genera Cupressus and Chamaecyparis.; frequency rank 27443
- briar — a thorny shrub or vine; frequency rank 27646
- nuptial — of or relating to a wedding; frequency rank 27933
- redwood — a very tall conifer, especially the coast redwood or giant sequoia of western North America; frequency rank 27941
- hickory — any of several North American hardwood trees of the genus Carya, many of which bear edible nuts; frequency rank 28694
- carnation — a cultivated Eurasian plant with fragrant, usually ruffled flowers in white, pink, red, or other colors; frequency rank 29495
- mandrake — a Mediterranean plant of the genus Mandragora with a thick often forked root and toxic tropane alkaloids; frequency rank 29662
- kernel — a single whole grain of a cereal; frequency rank 29903
- poplar — any of various fast-growing deciduous trees of the genus Populus, often with leaves that tremble in the wind; frequency rank 30515
- bracken — a tall, coarse fern that often grows in dense stands on open or wooded land; frequency rank 30584
- whither — Interrogative senses.; frequency rank 30815
- medley — Combat, fighting; a battle.; frequency rank 31017
- allotment — An amount of something given to a person or set aside for a purpose.; frequency rank 31032
- slouch — A hanging down of the head; a drooping posture; a limp appearance; frequency rank 31616
- peony — a flowering plant of the genus Paeonia with large fragrant flowers.; frequency rank 31757
- husk — the dry outer covering of a seed, fruit, or vegetable; frequency rank 32103
- wormwood — a strongly aromatic, intensely bitter plant of the genus Artemisia, especially Artemisia absinthium; frequency rank 32105
- greenery — green leaves, plants, or vegetation considered collectively; frequency rank 32439
- aloe — any succulent plant of the genus Aloe, with a rosette of thick pointed leaves; frequency rank 35165
- narcissus — a bulbous spring-flowering plant with white, yellow, or orange trumpet-shaped flowers, including daffodils and jonquils; frequency rank 35721
- frond — a large or divided leaf, especially the leaf of a fern, palm, or cycad; frequency rank 37424
- vegetative — relating to plant growth or to asexual propagation from stems, roots, leaves, or other nonreproductive parts; frequency rank 37500
- acacia — a shrub or tree of the tribe Acacieae, often thorny and bearing clusters of small flowers; frequency rank 37705
- honeysuckle — a climbing or shrubby plant of the genus Lonicera, typically bearing fragrant tubular flowers rich in nectar; frequency rank 37923
- pimpernel — a low-growing plant with small star-shaped flowers, especially the scarlet pimpernel or a related species; frequency rank 38195
- columbine — any plant of the genus Aquilegia, with showy flowers whose petals or sepals have long backward-pointing spurs; frequency rank 38275
- liana — a woody climbing plant, especially one growing in a tropical forest; frequency rank 38439
- nettle — a plant with tiny hairs that sting or irritate the skin; frequency rank 38574
- skiff — A small flat-bottomed open boat with a pointed bow and square stern.; frequency rank 38688
- guano — the accumulated excrement of seabirds or bats, especially when collected and used as fertilizer; frequency rank 38874
- alder — any tree or shrub of the genus Alnus in the birch family, typically growing in cool, moist ground and bearing catkins and small woody cones; frequency rank 40050
- humerus — The bone of the upper arm.; frequency rank 40155
- equatorial — of or existing at or near the geographic equator; frequency rank 40408
- valerian — a perennial flowering plant of the genus Valeriana, especially Valeriana officinalis, with clusters of small pink or white flowers; frequency rank 40410
- sorrel — any of several plants with tart, acidic leaves, especially common sorrel of the dock family; frequency rank 40556
- chicory — a perennial plant with blue flowers, Cichorium intybus, cultivated for its leaves and root; frequency rank 40597
- hawthorn — a thorny shrub or small tree of the genus Crataegus, bearing clusters of white or pink flowers and small red fruits; frequency rank 40779
- dusky — lighted by or as if by twilight; frequency rank 40886
- corolla — the petals of a flower considered collectively, usually forming a whorl inside the calyx; frequency rank 41418
- wallflower — Any of several short-lived herbs or shrubs of the Erysimum genus with bright yellow to red flowers.; frequency rank 41746
- maudlin — Either of two aromatic plants, costmary or sweet yarrow.; frequency rank 42974
- granary — a storehouse for threshed grain or animal feed; frequency rank 44510
- cattleman — a person who owns, raises, or manages cattle, especially on a ranch; frequency rank 45034
- lichen — Any of many symbiotic organisms, being associations of algae and fungi, often found as white or yellow-to-blue–green patches on rocks, old walls, etc.; frequency rank 45788
- geranium — a flowering plant of the genus Geranium, commonly called a cranesbill and often grown as a hardy garden perennial; frequency rank 46015
- patchouli — a tropical aromatic plant, or the strong-scented oil and perfume obtained from it; frequency rank 47150
- yucca — any of a genus of evergreen plants with stiff sword-shaped leaves and tall clusters of white flowers, native chiefly to warm, dry parts of North and Central America; frequency rank 48293
- farmyard — the open area beside or among the buildings of a farm; frequency rank 48622
- bramble — a rough, thorny shrub or vine, especially a blackberry bush; frequency rank 50458
- cowshed — a farm building in which cows are kept; frequency rank 51006
- larch — a coniferous tree of the genus Larix that bears soft needles in clusters and sheds them each autumn; frequency rank 51678
- fetid — Foul-smelling, stinking.; frequency rank 52156
- sprig — a small shoot, twig, or cluster cut from a plant; frequency rank 52371
- expediency — The quality of being fit or suitable to effect some desired end or the purpose intended; suitability for particular circumstance or situation.; frequency rank 55211
- boll — the rounded seed capsule of a plant such as cotton or flax; frequency rank 55298
- arable — suitable for or used in growing crops; frequency rank 55563
- succour — Aid, assistance, or relief given to one in distress; ministration.; frequency rank 55758
- sassafras — an aromatic deciduous tree of the genus Sassafras, especially the eastern North American species Sassafras albidum; frequency rank 56348
- oleander — a poisonous evergreen shrub with narrow leathery leaves and clusters of white, pink, or red flowers, widely grown in warm regions; frequency rank 56542
- mallow — a plant of the family Malvaceae, often with soft hairy leaves and pink, purple, or white flowers; frequency rank 57067
- eglantine — a prickly Eurasian wild rose with fragrant leaves, pink flowers, and red hips; sweetbrier; frequency rank 58142
- manioc — the tropical plant Manihot esculenta, cultivated for its large starchy roots; frequency rank 58329
- cottonwood — any of several North American poplar trees whose seeds have tufts of cottonlike hairs; frequency rank 58347
- toadstool — a mushroom, especially one regarded as poisonous or unsuitable for eating; frequency rank 58654
- agave — any of a genus of succulent plants with a rosette of thick, often spiny leaves and a tall flowering stalk; frequency rank 58670
- ginkgo — a deciduous East Asian tree with distinctive fan-shaped leaves and fleshy seeds; frequency rank 58789
- cassava — a tropical American plant, Manihot esculenta, cultivated for its large starchy roots; frequency rank 60590
- copra — the dried white flesh or kernel of a coconut, from which coconut oil is extracted; frequency rank 61736
- begonia — a plant of the genus Begonia, often grown for its colorful flowers or ornamental asymmetrical leaves; frequency rank 62126
- rosebush — any of many shrubs of the genus Rosa that bear roses; frequency rank 62629
- rhododendron — an evergreen or deciduous shrub or small tree of the genus Rhododendron, often grown for clusters of showy flowers; frequency rank 62716
- woodbine — British: honeysuckle, especially the fragrant climbing species Lonicera periclymenum; frequency rank 63469
- laith — Northern English dialect: a barn or agricultural shed; frequency rank 64157
- foxglove — a tall plant of the genus Digitalis with spikes of tubular, usually purple, pink, or white flowers; frequency rank 64537
- obliteration — The total destruction of something.; frequency rank 64571
- verbena — any of numerous tropical or subtropical American plants of the genus Verbena grown for their showy spikes of variously colored flowers; frequency rank 65739
- seedless — having no seeds, or no hard, noticeable, or mature seeds; frequency rank 65923
- incompatibility — the quality of being unable to exist or work in congenial combination; frequency rank 66435
- dogwood — any of various trees or shrubs of the genus Cornus, often bearing showy flowerlike bracts and red or dark fruit; frequency rank 67384
- hydrangea — a shrub of the genus Hydrangea, grown for its large rounded or flat clusters of white, pink, blue, or purple flowers; frequency rank 71857
- nard — an aromatic ointment used in antiquity; frequency rank 73554
- sumac — any of various shrubs or small trees with divided leaves and dense clusters of reddish fruit; frequency rank 73839
- polygamous — Of, relating to, or practicing polygamy.; frequency rank 74337
- sheaf — A bundle of cut stalks of grain tied together.; frequency rank 75412
- withe — a slender, flexible twig or shoot, especially one used for binding; frequency rank 75899
- arum — a plant of the genus Arum, having arrow-shaped leaves and a club-shaped spadix partly enclosed by a hoodlike spathe; frequency rank 76135
- milkweed — any of various plants, especially of the genus Asclepias, with milky sap and pods containing silky-tufted seeds; frequency rank 76180
- milch — of a cow or other female animal: producing milk, especially when kept for dairy use; frequency rank 76213
- dunghill — a heap of animal dung or refuse, especially one kept for use as manure; frequency rank 76718
- privet — an evergreen or semi-evergreen shrub with small leaves and white flowers, often planted as a hedge; frequency rank 76723
- purposeless — Without purpose.; frequency rank 76977
- steeply — in a steep manner; frequency rank 77397
- swineherd — a person who herds, tends, and cares for pigs; frequency rank 79038
- gorse — a dense evergreen shrub with spiny leaves and bright yellow flowers, common on open land in western Europe; frequency rank 80119
- bergamot — small tree with pear-shaped fruit whose oil is used in perfumery; frequency rank 81578
- balustrade — A row of balusters topped by a rail, serving as an open parapet, as along the edge of a balcony, terrace, bridge, staircase, or the eaves of a building.; frequency rank 83097
- goldenrod — a tall plant of the genus Solidago or a related genus, bearing clusters of small yellow flowers; frequency rank 83855
- crocus — a low-growing perennial plant with narrow leaves and cup-shaped white, yellow, or purple flowers; frequency rank 84803
- burnet — any herb of the genus Sanguisorba, especially salad burnet, with divided leaves and dense clusters of small flowers; frequency rank 86309
- heliotrope — a plant of the genus Heliotropium, often grown for clusters of fragrant purple flowers; frequency rank 86612
- crabapple — a small, hard, sour apple borne by a wild or ornamental apple tree; frequency rank 89029
- stile — A set of one or more steps surmounting a fence or wall, or a narrow gate or contrived passage through a fence or wall, which in either case allows people but not livestock to pass.; frequency rank 89589
- snapdragon — a garden plant of the genus Antirrhinum with brightly colored flowers shaped like a dragon's mouth; frequency rank 90529
- bole — the main trunk or stem of a tree; frequency rank 92857
- beechwood — the hard, pale wood of a beech tree; frequency rank 92882
- herbaceous — having soft green stems rather than persistent woody tissue, especially of a plant or plant part; frequency rank 93013
- anther — the pollen-producing part at the tip of a flower's stamen; frequency rank 94173
- sedge — a grasslike plant of the family Cyperaceae, typically with solid triangular stems and growing in wet ground; frequency rank 94225
- haymaker — a powerful, often wide-swinging punch intended to knock an opponent down; frequency rank 96045
- thresh — to separate grain or seeds from harvested plants by beating or by machine; frequency rank 97541
- jimson — US: jimsonweed, a poisonous annual plant with trumpet-shaped flowers and prickly seed capsules; frequency rank 98724
- hornbeam — a deciduous tree or shrub of the genus Carpinus, noted for smooth bark and very hard wood; frequency rank 100300
- hollyhock — a tall garden mallow of the genus Alcea, grown for spikes of large colourful flowers; frequency rank 101963
- fazenda — a large Brazilian farm or plantation, especially one producing coffee; frequency rank 104043
- herbarium — a systematically arranged collection of preserved plant specimens kept for scientific study; frequency rank 108969
- puffball — a round fungus that releases a cloud of powdery spores when its mature fruiting body is pressed or broken; frequency rank 109081
- cowslip — a low-growing European primrose with clusters of fragrant yellow flowers, Primula veris; frequency rank 111329
- arboreal — inhabiting or frequenting trees; frequency rank 111430
- vetch — a twining leguminous plant of the genus Vicia or a related genus, often grown for fodder, seed, or green manure; frequency rank 111699
- coppice — an area of woodland managed by periodically cutting trees or shrubs near the base so that new shoots provide a recurring supply of wood; frequency rank 111942
- floret — a diminutive flower (especially one that is part of a composite flower); frequency rank 112290
- leafless — Of plants or trees, without leaves.; frequency rank 114048
- gladiolus — a flowering plant with sword-shaped leaves and tall spikes of large, brightly colored flowers; frequency rank 114413
- sweetbriar — a Eurasian wild rose with prickly stems, fragrant leaves, pink flowers, and red hips; frequency rank 114435
- woad — a Eurasian plant, Isatis tinctoria, formerly cultivated as a source of blue dye; frequency rank 114438
- pistil — the female reproductive organ of a flower, made up of the stigma, style, and ovary; frequency rank 116002
- pyramidal — Pyramid-shaped.; frequency rank 116117
- clematis — a plant of a large genus of mostly climbing vines grown for their conspicuous flowers and feathery seed heads; frequency rank 118366
- hellebore — a flowering plant of the genus Helleborus, several species of which are poisonous and were formerly medicinal; frequency rank 118612
- laburnum — a small tree or shrub of the genus Laburnum, bearing hanging clusters of bright yellow flowers; frequency rank 120690
- tendril — a slender, curling part of a climbing plant that coils around a support; frequency rank 121750
- piggery — a place where pigs are kept or raised; frequency rank 124020
- estancia — a large ranch or rural estate in Spanish-speaking South America, especially Argentina or Uruguay; frequency rank 126034
- asphodel — a Mediterranean plant with tall spikes of white, pink, or yellow flowers, especially one of the genus Asphodelus; frequency rank 129190
- purslane — a low-growing succulent plant, especially Portulaca oleracea, whose fleshy leaves may be eaten as a vegetable or salad herb; frequency rank 133496
- grazier — a farmer or landholder who raises grazing livestock, especially cattle or sheep; frequency rank 137448
- groundnut — a peanut, especially when regarded as a crop or used to make oil; frequency rank 138890
- jonquil — a fragrant daffodil, Narcissus jonquilla, with narrow rushlike leaves and clusters of yellow or white flowers; frequency rank 138955
- sundew — a small carnivorous bog plant of the genus Drosera whose leaves bear sticky, glistening hairs that trap and digest insects; frequency rank 140430
- frangipani — a tropical American shrub or small tree of the genus Plumeria, grown for its clusters of strongly fragrant flowers; frequency rank 141170
- tillage — Land cultivated in this way.; frequency rank 145433
- agriculturist — a specialist trained in the science, practice, or management of agriculture; frequency rank 145880
- parterre — a formal ornamental garden laid out in symmetrical flowerbeds divided by paths; frequency rank 146872
- thornbush — a bush or shrub that bears thorns, spines, or other sharp projections; frequency rank 157188
- herbage — Herbaceous plant growth, especially grass.; frequency rank 160460
- hayrick — a large stack of hay, usually built outdoors for storage; frequency rank 163177
- byre — a farm building in which cattle are housed; frequency rank 164207
- medlar — a small Eurasian tree, Mespilus germanica, cultivated for its brown apple-like fruit; frequency rank 167778
- furze — a dense, thorny evergreen shrub with bright yellow flowers; gorse; frequency rank 168756
- disputable — capable of being disproved; frequency rank 169359
- charlock — a yellow-flowered Eurasian wild mustard that commonly grows as a weed in grain fields; frequency rank 170517
- bilberry — a small dark-blue edible berry resembling a blueberry and growing wild in northern Europe; frequency rank 172622
- whorl — To form a pattern of concentric circles.; frequency rank 174022
- arbutus — an evergreen shrub or small tree of the genus Arbutus, especially the strawberry tree, with bell-shaped flowers and red fruit; frequency rank 180208
- spikenard — a Himalayan aromatic plant, Nardostachys jatamansi, whose rhizome yields fragrant oil; frequency rank 181031
- acanthus — a plant of the genus Acanthus, with large deeply cut or spiny leaves and tall spikes of flowers; frequency rank 187201
- landholder — a person or organization that owns or legally holds land, especially an agricultural estate; frequency rank 188244
- fructify — to bear fruit or become fruitful; frequency rank 205762
- orris — the fragrant dried rhizome of certain irises, used especially in perfumery, potpourri, and flavoring; frequency rank 214956
- withy — a tough, flexible willow twig or branch, especially one used for binding or weaving; frequency rank 215429
- hairiness — The characteristic of being hairy.; frequency rank 215814
- orchis — a terrestrial orchid, especially a plant of the genus Orchis; frequency rank 218623
- gnarl — to twist or deform something into a rough, knotted shape; frequency rank 219467
- canebrake — a dense thicket of cane, bamboo, or similar tall plants; frequency rank 241629
- pelargonium — a flowering plant of the genus Pelargonium, often cultivated as a tender ornamental and commonly called a geranium; frequency rank 246908
- opuntia — botany: any cactus of the genus Opuntia, whose members typically have flattened jointed pads and include the prickly pears; frequency rank 251500
- carex — a sedge belonging to the large genus Carex, whose small fruits are enclosed in saclike structures; frequency rank 252676
- teasel — a tall prickly plant of the genus Dipsacus with spiny, cone-shaped flower heads; frequency rank 252855
- barberry — a thorny shrub of the genus Berberis, typically bearing yellow flowers and red or dark berries; frequency rank 255546
- haycock — a small conical pile of hay left in a field to dry; frequency rank 256148
- plowshare — the sharp cutting blade of a plow that slices horizontally through the soil; frequency rank 257616
- heartsease — the European wild pansy, Viola tricolor, a small flower with petals commonly marked in three colors; frequency rank 259086
- agrimony — a perennial herb of the genus Agrimonia, with spikes of small yellow flowers and bristly fruits; frequency rank 260740
- thallus — a plantlike vegetative body, such as that of an alga, fungus, or lichen, which is not differentiated into true stems, leaves, and roots; frequency rank 264995
- mulga — Any of a number of small acacia trees, especially Acacia aneura, forming dense scrub in dry inland areas of Australia.; frequency rank 267435
- thistledown — the soft, feathery hairs attached to ripe thistle seeds that help the wind carry them; frequency rank 271295
- kauri — a large Australasian conifer of the genus Agathis, especially the New Zealand tree Agathis australis; frequency rank 272061
- métayer — historical: a sharecropper who cultivates a landlord's land for a portion, often half, of the harvest while the landlord supplies stock, seed, or tools; frequency rank 276605
- araucaria — an evergreen coniferous tree of the genus Araucaria, which includes the monkey puzzle, bunya pine, and hoop pine; frequency rank 278339
- pasturage — land used or suitable for grazing livestock; frequency rank 280746
- scabious — a plant with pincushion-like flower heads, especially one of the genera Scabiosa or Knautia; frequency rank 282251
- buttonwood — the American sycamore, a large North American plane tree with round buttonlike fruiting heads; frequency rank 289292
- cotyledon — an embryonic leaf in a seed, often serving as the seedling's first leaf or food store; frequency rank 298644
- arborescent — resembling a tree in form, growth, or branching structure; frequency rank 302445
- stook — chiefly British: a group of sheaves of grain set upright together in a field to dry; frequency rank 305289
- ovule — in seed plants, the structure that contains the female reproductive cells and develops into a seed after fertilization; frequency rank 306299
- betony — a perennial herb, especially Stachys officinalis, with spikes of purple flowers and a history of medicinal use; frequency rank 308575
- maidenhair — a fern of the genus Adiantum, with delicate fan-shaped leaflets on slender dark stalks; frequency rank 310947
- pigweed — any of various common weedy plants, especially amaranths or goosefoots, some formerly used as pig fodder or leafy food; frequency rank 311039
- allamanda — a tropical American shrub or woody vine of the genus Allamanda, grown for its large funnel-shaped flowers; frequency rank 320207
- axil — in botany, the upper angle between a leaf, branch, or leafstalk and the stem or axis from which it grows; frequency rank 321013
- sapwood — the younger, living outer wood of a tree trunk or branch, through which water and minerals are conducted; frequency rank 322394
- nectary — a gland or specialized plant structure that secretes nectar; frequency rank 353722
- corncrib — a ventilated farm building or bin used to store and dry ears of maize; frequency rank 358868
- strophanthus — a tropical African or Asian tree, shrub, or woody vine of the genus Strophanthus, often with long twisted petals; frequency rank 373347
- mullein — a plant of the genus Verbascum, typically having woolly leaves and a tall spike of yellow flowers; frequency rank 374987
- liverwort — a small nonvascular plant related to mosses, usually growing in damp places as a leafy shoot or flat thallus; frequency rank 390665
- ilex — an evergreen Mediterranean oak with leathery leaves; the holm oak; frequency rank 421370
- germen — historical botany: the ovary of a flower, containing the ovules and developing into the fruit after fertilization; frequency rank 421813
- epiphyte — a plant that grows on another plant for physical support without drawing nourishment from it as a parasite; frequency rank 434935
- harebell — A perennial flowering plant, Campanula rotundifolia, native to the Northern Hemisphere, with blue, bell-like flowers.; frequency rank 442077
- antirrhinum — a snapdragon plant of the genus Antirrhinum; frequency rank 456552
- piny — covered with, full of, resembling, or characteristic of pine trees; frequency rank 470832
- serrate — having a saw-like edge with a row of sharp, tooth-like projections, especially of a leaf; frequency rank 478348
- cardoon — Any of species Cynara cardunculus of prickly perennial plants which has leaf stalks eaten as a vegetable, related to the artichoke.; frequency rank 519593
- sheepcote — chiefly British or historical: a pen or small shelter for sheep; frequency rank 530176
- convolvulus — a trailing or twining plant of the genus Convolvulus, typically with trumpet-shaped flowers; a bindweed; frequency rank 536856
- odontoglossum — a showy tropical American orchid formerly classified in the genus Odontoglossum, now generally placed within Oncidium; frequency rank 544248
- polyandrous — having numerous stamens, especially stamens inserted on the receptacle of a flower; frequency rank 582348
- fruitage — the fruit produced by a plant, or the amount of fruit it yields; frequency rank 590385
- cottar — Scottish history: a peasant or farm laborer who occupied a cottage and sometimes a small plot, usually in return for labor services; frequency rank 632220
- papilionaceous — having a butterfly-shaped corolla, as in many flowers of the pea family; frequency rank 633437
- bulrush — any of several tall, rushlike wetland plants, especially a cattail or reedmace with a cylindrical flower spike; frequency rank 670243
- pinnate — having leaflets, lobes, veins, or branches arranged in two rows along a central axis; frequency rank 684272
- foliate — having, resembling, or arranged in thin leaflike layers; frequency rank 689521
- petiole — botany: the stalk that attaches a leaf blade to a plant stem; frequency rank 700171
- liliaceous — botany: belonging or relating to the lily family Liliaceae; frequency rank 701720
- weedless — free from weeds; frequency rank 719975
- seedsman — a person or business that sells seeds; frequency rank 819297
- palmate — shaped like an open hand, with lobes, leaflets, veins, or other parts radiating from a common point; frequency rank 835580
- ingathering — the gathering in of a harvest; frequency rank 933491
- gynaeceum — botany: variant of gynoecium, the collective female reproductive parts of a flower; frequency rank 938962
- orchidaceous — relating to orchids or the orchid family; frequency rank 971135
- pedunculate — attached to or borne on a peduncle, stalk, or stem; frequency rank 993052
- leafage — the leaves of plants collectively; foliage; frequency rank 1015491
- winterberry — an eastern North American deciduous holly (Ilex verticillata) bearing persistent bright red berries; frequency rank 1031926
- plumbago — a warm-climate flowering plant of the genus Plumbago, commonly called leadwort; frequency rank 1115488
- cinquefoil — any of numerous plants of the genus Potentilla, typically bearing leaves with five leaflets and five-petaled flowers; frequency rank 1160223
- monocotyledonous — having or relating to a single cotyledon in the seed, as in grasses, lilies, palms, and other monocots; frequency rank 1273452
- seedtime — the season or time for sowing seed; frequency rank 1327786
- sweet william — a widely cultivated European flowering plant (Dianthus barbatus) with dense, flat clusters of white, pink, red, or purple flowers; frequency rank 1402474
- conferva — an obsolete or historical botanical term for threadlike freshwater algae, formerly grouped in the genus Conferva
- cryptogamic — relating to cryptogams, the formerly grouped plants and plant-like organisms that reproduce by spores rather than flowers or seeds
- foliaceous — resembling a leaf or composed of leaflike parts
- fructification — the process of bearing or producing fruit
- scytheman — a person who cuts grass or grain with a scythe; a mower
- wood sorrel — any herb of the genus Oxalis, especially woodland species with sour sap, compound leaves, and five-petaled white, pink, purple, or yellow flowers
- peppergrass — any of various pungent cresses of the genus Lepidium, especially garden cress or Virginia peppergrass
- southernwood — an aromatic shrubby species of wormwood (Artemisia abrotanum), grown for its finely divided leaves and lemon-like scent
- radicle — the embryonic root of a seedling, which is the first part to grow downward from a germinating seed
- dicotyledonous — having an embryo with two cotyledons, as in the flowering plants traditionally called dicotyledons
- pipewort — any of several aquatic or marsh plants of the genus Eriocaulon, with narrow leaves and small flowers gathered in dense heads
- repastination — obsolete: the act of digging or turning over soil again
- umbel — a flat-topped or rounded flower cluster whose individual stalks arise from nearly the same point
- arborvitae — any of several evergreen conifers of the genera Thuja and Thujopsis, commonly grown as ornamental trees or hedges
- farmsteading — chiefly British or Scottish: a farmstead, especially the farmhouse and its surrounding farm buildings considered as a group
- inarch — to graft one growing plant onto another while both stock and scion remain attached to their own roots
- stipule — one of a pair of small, often leaflike appendages at the base of a leaf stalk
- laciniate — botany and zoology: cut into a fringe or into deep, narrow, irregular lobes
- potamogeton — a submerged or floating-leaved aquatic plant of the genus Potamogeton; a pondweed
- elecampane — a tall Eurasian plant of the daisy family, Inula helenium, formerly valued for its aromatic medicinal root
- fucus — a brown seaweed of the genus Fucus, common on rocky seashores and including bladderwrack
- perianth — the non-reproductive outer parts of a flower, comprising the sepals and petals or, when they are not distinct, the tepals

### C2+
- amen — Certainly; verily.; frequency rank 2468
- errand — A journey undertaken to accomplish some task.; frequency rank 8796
- meadow — A field or pasture; a piece of land either intentionally cultivated with grass or (especially) naturally covered with grass, especially one that is intended to be mown for hay or to be grazed.; frequency rank 10688
- scalp — the skin that covers the top of the head; frequency rank 12241
- inter — To bury in a grave.; frequency rank 27030
- akin — Of persons, of the same kin; related by blood.; frequency rank 27409
- wigwam — Any more or less similar dwelling used by indigenous people in other parts of the world.; frequency rank 48203
- ombu — a massive, fast-growing South American plant, Phytolacca dioica, with a broad trunk of soft water-rich tissue and a wide evergreen crown; frequency rank 276748
- cowpath — a path made or regularly used by cows, especially between pasture and barnyard; frequency rank 434746
- alerce — a very large, long-lived evergreen tree of southern Chile and Argentina, Fitzroya cupressoides, valued for its durable reddish wood; frequency rank 1349525
- muckheap — a pile of manure, refuse, or other decaying farmyard waste; frequency rank 1447722
- ergotism — poisoning caused by eating fungus-infected grain, causing convulsions or gangrene
- beray — to befoul, defile, or soil thoroughly
- besmirch — to soil or to damage someone's reputation or honor
- enlarge — to make or grow larger; to expand
- befilth — to make filthy; to soil thoroughly
- bemud — to soil or bespatter with mud
- bloomer — a stupid mistake; also a plant that flowers
- buttercup — a yellow-flowered wild plant of the genus Ranunculus
- eggplant — a purple-skinned fruit eaten as a vegetable; the aubergine
- eradicative — tending or serving to eradicate or root out completely
- soy — the soybean plant or products made from it
- ananas — a pineapple, or the plant bearing it
- chaff — the husks of grain separated from the seed; worthless matter; to tease
- engraft — to insert a shoot into another plant, or to fix firmly into something
- germinate — to begin to grow or sprout, as a seed; to develop
- rake — a toothed tool for gathering leaves or smoothing soil
- terminology — the specialized vocabulary of a particular field
- accrete — to grow or form by gradual accumulation or adherence
- agriculturalist — a person who studies or practices agriculture; a farmer or expert
- bedrock — the solid rock beneath soil; figuratively, a fundamental basis
- bindweed — a twining climbing plant with trumpet-shaped flowers, often a pernicious weed
- brassica — a plant of the cabbage genus, including cabbage, mustard, and turnip
- canker — a spreading ulcer or plant sore; a corrupting influence
- coneflower — a daisy-like plant with a raised central cone, such as echinacea
- cornflower — a blue-flowered plant that grows in cornfields; bachelor's button
- cultivar — a plant variety produced by selective breeding in cultivation
- dibble — a pointed tool for making holes for seeds; to plant with one
- drumhead — the tightly stretched membrane of a drum; summary, as in a field trial
- fester — to become infected and suppurate, or to grow steadily worse
- fig — the soft sweet fruit of the fig tree, or a thing of trivial value
- germination — the process by which a seed begins to grow and develop
- helianthus — a plant of the sunflower genus, with large radiate flower heads
- husbandman — a farmer or tiller of the soil
- larkspur — a tall plant bearing spurred flowers, often blue or purple
- lime — a green citrus fruit; a calcium compound; or to treat soil with lime
- nomenclature — a system of names used in a particular field
- pawpaw — a North American tree or its edible fruit; also a name for the papaya
- pomato — a grafted plant bearing both potatoes and tomatoes
- prune — to trim a plant by cutting branches, or a dried plum
- rootle — to dig or rummage with or as if with the snout; to root about
- soya — the soybean plant or its protein-rich seed, used for food and oil
- starken — to make or grow stark, stiff, or harsh (archaic/dialectal)
- lichenous — covered with or bearing lichen
- etiolate — to make a plant pale, weak, and abnormally elongated by depriving it of light
- highbush blueberry — a tall, moisture-loving North American blueberry shrub (Vaccinium corymbosum), the principal source of cultivated blueberries
- laetation — obsolete: manure or other material used to fertilize soil
- John's wort — any of numerous herbs or shrubs of the genus Hypericum, typically bearing yellow five-petaled flowers
- cycadaceous — of, relating to, or resembling cycads, especially plants of the family Cycadaceae
- upas tree — a tall tropical Asian tree (Antiaris toxicaria) whose poisonous latex has been used to prepare arrow poison
- jacitara — a spiny Brazilian climbing palm of the genus Desmoncus, whose hooked leaflets help its stem scramble up trees
- alburnum — sapwood: the younger, usually paler outer wood of a tree trunk, between the cambium and heartwood
- tacsonia — a chiefly Andean passionflower formerly placed in the genus Tacsonia and now classified within Passiflora, typically with a long floral tube
- manurance — the cultivation, occupation, or working of land; archaic
- coelospermous — having a seed or seedlike fruit whose inner face is hollowed or incurved
- orthospermous — having a seed or seedlike fruit whose inner face is straight rather than hollowed or incurved
- peloria — the abnormal development of radial symmetry in a flower that is normally bilaterally symmetrical
- phyllodineous — having phyllodes, or relating to plants in which flattened leafstalks perform the function of leaf blades
- auricula — a cultivated Alpine primrose with clusters of often brightly coloured flowers
- palm leaf — a leaf or frond of a palm tree, especially one used for thatching, weaving, fibre, or decoration
- pinweed — any of several slender North American herbs of the genus Lechea, with many small leaves and tiny flowers
- algarroba — the carob tree or its long, sweet, edible pod
- dogfennel — any of several strong-smelling, fennel-like plants, especially the North American weed Eupatorium capillifolium
- champac — a tropical Asian evergreen tree, Magnolia champaca, cultivated for its strongly fragrant yellow or orange flowers
- digitated — divided into fingerlike lobes or leaflets that spread from one point, especially in botany
- dichogamous — having male and female reproductive organs that mature at different times, reducing self-fertilization in a hermaphroditic organism
- floriculturist — a specialist who cultivates flowering and ornamental plants, especially as a profession
- antherozoid — botany: a motile male gamete produced in an antheridium by algae, bryophytes, ferns, and certain other plants
- dispetal — to strip the petals from a flower
- seedhead — the seed-bearing part of a plant that remains after flowering