# Politics & International Affairs

**Type:** Topic
**Words:** 150

## About

Power, parties, diplomacy, nations, and international relations.

## Words by Level

### A1
- party — A social event where people meet to celebrate, eat, and have fun.; frequency rank 425
- p.m. — In or relating to the time between noon and midnight.; frequency rank 4456

### A2
- national — Relating to a whole nation or country.; frequency rank 1466
- secretary — a person who handles letters, phone calls, and office tasks for someone or an organization; frequency rank 1880
- foreign — Coming from or belonging to a country that is not your own.; frequency rank 1893
- political — Relating to government, the state, or the way a country is run.; frequency rank 1989
- nation — A country considered as a political and independent state.; frequency rank 2132
- international — involving or relating to two or more countries.; frequency rank 2532

### B1
- president — The elected head of state in a republic, such as the United States.; frequency rank 699
- vote — To formally show which person or choice you support in an election or decision.; frequency rank 1464
- campaign — A planned series of actions to achieve a particular goal.; frequency rank 2446
- politics — The activities involved in governing a country or area, and the debate between groups who want power.; frequency rank 2556
- wing — One of the two body parts a bird, bat, or insect uses to fly.; frequency rank 2979
- election — An event in which people vote to choose a leader or representative.; frequency rank 3253
- independent — Free from outside control; not ruled by another country or authority.; frequency rank 4247
- primary — Most important; main.; frequency rank 4819
- democracy — A system of government in which people choose their leaders by voting.; frequency rank 5004
- majority — More than half of a group of people or things.; frequency rank 5546
- politician — A person who works in politics, especially one who has been elected to government.; frequency rank 6861
- opposition — Strong disagreement with, or resistance to, something.; frequency rank 7123
- democratic — Relating to democracy or a system where people choose their government by voting.; frequency rank 7222
- conservative — Not liking change; preferring traditional ways of doing things.; frequency rank 8046
- vice president

### B2
- minister — A senior politician in charge of a government department.; frequency rank 1468
- ambassador — The most senior official who represents their country in a foreign country.; frequency rank 3913
- cabinet — A piece of furniture with shelves or drawers for storing or showing things.; frequency rank 4747
- parliament — The group of elected people who make a country's laws.; frequency rank 6148
- voting — The act or process of casting a vote in an election or decision.; frequency rank 6366
- treaty — A formal written agreement between two or more countries.; frequency rank 7167
- politically — In a way that relates to politics or government.; frequency rank 10426
- ideology — A set of beliefs and ideas, especially political, held by a person or group.; frequency rank 15103
- voter — A person who votes or has the right to vote in an election.; frequency rank 22074
- confederacy — an alliance or union of states, organizations, or groups formed for a common purpose; frequency rank 25964
- statesman — A respected and experienced political leader.; frequency rank 28834
- neutrality — the state of not supporting either side in a dispute or competition; frequency rank 30158
- colonize — to settle people in a territory and establish political control over it, often displacing or subjugating its existing inhabitants; frequency rank 38372
- royalist — a supporter of monarchy or of a particular monarch or royal dynasty; frequency rank 49557
- prime minister

### C1
- ministry — A government department responsible for a particular area, usually headed by a minister.; frequency rank 5074
- protocol — A set of rules for how something should be done correctly.; frequency rank 5147
- diplomatic — Relating to the work of managing relations between countries.; frequency rank 7978
- premier — Best, most important, or highest in rank.; frequency rank 11188
- espionage — The act or process of learning secret information through clandestine means.; frequency rank 13098
- portfolio — A collection of a person's work shown to potential employers or clients.; frequency rank 13438
- ultimatum — a final demand stating terms that must be accepted, often with a threat of consequences if they are refused; frequency rank 16225
- doctrine — A set of beliefs taught by a religion, political group, or other organization.; frequency rank 16392
- parliamentary — Relating to or made by a parliament.; frequency rank 22473
- referendum — A direct vote by the public on a single political question or proposed law.; frequency rank 22575
- imperialism — the policy or practice of extending a state's power over other territories through conquest, colonization, or political and economic control; frequency rank 24611
- overlord — a person who has general authority over others; frequency rank 29204
- recant — To withdraw or repudiate a statement or opinion formerly expressed, especially formally and publicly.; frequency rank 32355
- kingship — the office, rank, or institution of a king; frequency rank 40943
- despot — a ruler who holds absolute power and uses it in a cruel, oppressive, or arbitrary way; frequency rank 45289
- suffrage — the legal right to vote in political elections; frequency rank 45422
- ratification — the act of formally approving and making an agreement, treaty, or decision valid; frequency rank 64385
- unseat — to remove someone from an elected office, position of power, or established role; frequency rank 69553
- entente — an informal alliance or friendly understanding between states or political powers; frequency rank 86274
- internationalism — the principle that nations should cooperate and pursue shared interests across national boundaries; frequency rank 94003
- internationalist — a person who supports cooperation and solidarity among nations rather than narrow national self-interest; frequency rank 115686
- protectionist — a person who supports tariffs, quotas, or other government barriers to imports in order to protect domestic producers; frequency rank 182075
- retrenchment — A curtailment or reduction.; frequency rank 185355
- federate — to unite states, organizations, or groups in a federation while allowing the members some independence; frequency rank 236315
- exchequer — the national treasury or financial department of a government

### C2
- cleanse — to purge of an ideology, bad thoughts, or sins; frequency rank 12275
- anarchist — a person who advocates anarchism, seeking a society organized without a coercive state or imposed hierarchy; frequency rank 16190
- stasis — Inactivity; a freezing, or state of motionlessness.; frequency rank 17892
- manifesto — a public written declaration of the principles, policies, aims, or intentions of a political party, government, or movement; frequency rank 17918
- makeshift — A temporary (usually insubstantial) substitution.; frequency rank 27117
- imperialist — a person who supports or practices imperialism; frequency rank 31073
- austerity — A government policy of cutting public spending and raising taxes to reduce debt.; frequency rank 32339
- conclave — a private, confidential, or secret meeting of a select group; frequency rank 33155
- rile — To stir or move from a state of calm or order.; frequency rank 35103
- totalitarian — characterized by a government in which the political authority exercises absolute and centralized control; frequency rank 37149
- legate — an official envoy or deputy, especially a representative sent by the pope or a sovereign; frequency rank 38474
- segue — To move smoothly from one state or subject to another.; frequency rank 38815
- agitator — a person who vigorously stirs others into political or social action, often a disapproving label for a protest organizer; frequency rank 39155
- empathetic — showing empathy or ready comprehension of others' states; frequency rank 39233
- subversion — the deliberate, often covert undermining of an established government, institution, or system; frequency rank 39825
- appeasement — the act of calming, satisfying, or pacifying someone by meeting a demand or easing a grievance; frequency rank 48156
- jingo — dated: used as a mild oath, usually in the phrase by jingo; frequency rank 50146
- dynastic — relating to a dynasty or to rule by successive members of one family; frequency rank 50684
- triumvirate — a group of three people who share authority or responsibility; frequency rank 50829
- abdication — the formal act of giving up a throne or other position of sovereign power; frequency rank 51145
- Bolshevism — historical and political: the revolutionary Marxist doctrine and strategy of the Bolshevik faction led by Lenin; frequency rank 54049
- dethrone — to remove a monarch from the throne or from sovereign power; frequency rank 59381
- apocryphal — Of doubtful authenticity, or lacking authority; not regarded as canonical.; frequency rank 65925
- anarchism — a family of political philosophies and movements skeptical of or opposed to coercive authority, especially the state, and favoring stateless social organization through voluntary cooperation; frequency rank 66574
- militarism — the belief or policy that a country should maintain powerful armed forces and use them to gain political or economic advantage; frequency rank 68818
- nationalization — the transfer of a privately owned industry, service, or asset into ownership or control by a national government; frequency rank 69028
- demagogue — a political leader who seeks support by appealing to popular passions and prejudices; frequency rank 70642
- mendacity — A deceit, falsehood, or lie.; frequency rank 75217
- leaderless — having no person or group in command or providing direction; frequency rank 87231
- plenipotentiary — A person invested with full powers, especially as the diplomatic agent of a sovereign state, (originally) charged with handling a certain matter.; frequency rank 89764
- statesmanship — skill, wisdom, and sound judgment in managing public affairs; frequency rank 100429
- opine — To express an opinion; to state as an opinion; to suppose, consider (that).; frequency rank 115296
- statecraft — skill and sound judgment in governing a state and managing its affairs, especially diplomacy and foreign policy; frequency rank 124695
- puissant — Powerful, mighty, having authority.; frequency rank 128708
- factious — inclined to form factions or provoke internal disagreement; frequency rank 128796
- committeeman — dated: a man who serves on a committee; frequency rank 129741
- impolitic — unwise or tactless because likely to cause offense or practical difficulty; frequency rank 133121
- analytically — by virtue of analysis; frequency rank 145161
- plutocracy — a system of government or social control in which the wealthiest people hold political power; frequency rank 153035
- concordat — a formal agreement between the Holy See and a sovereign state regulating church affairs; frequency rank 204103
- bashaw — historical spelling of pasha: a man of high rank or authority in the Ottoman Empire; frequency rank 209339
- cosmopolitanism — the moral or political view that all human beings belong to a single community and have obligations to one another across national boundaries; frequency rank 260703
- truculence — The state of being truculent; eagerness to fight; ferocity.; frequency rank 300063
- asiento — historical: a contract granted by the Spanish Crown that gave a person or company a monopoly over a branch of colonial trade, especially the supply of enslaved Africans to Spanish America; frequency rank 310819
- suzerainty — a relationship in which a dominant state controls the external affairs of a subordinate but internally autonomous state; frequency rank 322035
- commonweal — the welfare, prosperity, or good shared by all members of a community; frequency rank 332657
- Marxian — relating to, developed from, or analytically influenced by Karl Marx's political, economic, and social theories, without necessarily implying adherence to Marxism; frequency rank 341347
- asperity — something hard to endure; frequency rank 373153
- quiescence — a state of quiet, but possibly temporary, inaction; frequency rank 416690
- anarchical — lacking effective government, authority, or orderly control; frequency rank 424224
- possibilist — a socialist who favors immediately achievable reforms rather than an all-or-nothing commitment to revolution; frequency rank 442974
- anti-militarist — opposed to militarism, especially to the dominance or political use of powerful armed forces; frequency rank 970591
- syndicalism — a revolutionary labor doctrine advocating workers' control of the economy through trade unions and direct action such as a general strike; frequency rank 971230
- unallied — not joined to another party by a political or military alliance; frequency rank 1089908
- dissentient — expressing disagreement with a prevailing opinion, decision, or majority; frequency rank 1289129
- timocracy — in Plato's political theory, a form of government ruled by people motivated chiefly by honor and military glory
- correspondency — correspondence, agreement, or mutual relation, especially diplomatic relations between states
- repatriate — to send or bring someone back to their own country
- sloganeering — often disapproving: the use of short, memorable slogans to promote a cause or product, especially in place of detailed argument

### C2+
- serenity — The state of being serene; calmness; peacefulness.; frequency rank 15248
- preamble — To speak or write a preamble; to provide a preliminary statement or set of remarks.; frequency rank 50922
- restive — impatient especially under restriction or delay; frequency rank 78015
- sagacious — skillful in statecraft or management; frequency rank 120662
- juvenescence — the state of being a youth; frequency rank 490936
- crusade — a vigorous campaign for a cause or against an evil
- politico — a politician or person engaged in party politics (often disparaging)
- adulter — to corrupt or debase by adding a foreign substance; to adulterate
- democratical — of or relating to democracy; democratic
- elector — a person entitled to vote in an election
- electorate — all the people entitled to vote in an election
- envoy — a messenger or diplomatic representative
- identic — identical, especially of diplomatic notes worded the same by several powers
- nationalism — devotion to one's nation, often with the belief in its superiority or independence
- signatory — a party who has signed an agreement or treaty
- antinational — opposed to the nation or its interests; unpatriotic
- antiparliamentary — opposed to parliament or to parliamentary government
- colonialism — the policy of one nation controlling and exploiting another territory
- democratist — an advocate or supporter of democracy
- ethicopolitical — relating to both ethics and politics together
- expansionism — a policy of extending a nation's territory or economic influence
- fanaticism — excessive, uncritical zeal, especially in religion or politics
- ideologic — of or relating to ideology or a system of ideas
- jacobinic — of or characteristic of radical revolutionary politics
- ministerial — relating to a government minister or to the clergy
- multipartisan — involving or supported by several political parties
- pourparler — an informal or preliminary discussion held before formal negotiations
- laborist — a supporter of workers' rights or of a political movement centered on organized labor