# Tools, Machines & Construction

**Type:** Topic
**Words:** 331

## About

Tools, machines, building, repairs, and engineered structures.

## Words by Level

### A1
- saw — To cut something using a saw.; frequency rank 262
- start — To begin doing something.; frequency rank 301
- cut — A reduction in the amount, number, or size of something.; frequency rank 456
- plan — A set of decisions about what you are going to do and how to do it.; frequency rank 549
- building — A structure with a roof and walls, such as a house or office; frequency rank 741
- wall — A solid upright structure that forms a side of a room or building, or divides one space from another.; frequency rank 977
- machine — A device with moving parts that uses power to do a particular job.; frequency rank 985
- build — To make something by joining materials and parts together; frequency rank 1251

### A2
- kill — To make a person, animal, or plant die.; frequency rank 235
- dead — No longer alive.; frequency rank 248
- control — The power to direct, manage, or make decisions about something.; frequency rank 598
- engine — A machine that turns fuel or power into movement, used to drive vehicles and other machines.; frequency rank 1264
- knife — A tool with a sharp blade and a handle, used for cutting.; frequency rank 1385
- bridge — A structure built over a river, road, or gap so that people can cross it.; frequency rank 1506
- screw — A small metal pin with a spiral thread, turned to fasten things together.; frequency rank 1754
- roof — The covering on top of a building that protects it from rain and weather.; frequency rank 1780
- castle — A large strong building with thick walls, built in the past to defend against attack.; frequency rank 1847
- factory — A building where goods are made, usually using machines.; frequency rank 2186
- tower — A tall, narrow structure, either standing alone or part of a building.; frequency rank 2411
- wheel — A round object that turns on its centre, used to move a vehicle or machine.; frequency rank 2415
- elevator — A machine that carries people or goods up and down between the floors of a building.; frequency rank 2499
- tune — A series of musical notes that make a pleasant pattern; a melody.; frequency rank 3269
- frame — A border that surrounds and holds a picture, photo, or mirror.; frequency rank 3354
- engineer — A person whose job is to design, build, or maintain machines, structures, or systems.; frequency rank 3613
- remote — Far away from towns, people, or other places; isolated.; frequency rank 3677
- structure — The way the parts of something are arranged or organised.; frequency rank 3972
- tool — A device you hold and use to do a particular job.; frequency rank 4263
- instrument — An object used to make music, such as a piano or guitar.; frequency rank 5581
- brake — A device that slows down or stops a wheel or vehicle.; frequency rank 6304
- sewer — an underground pipe or channel that carries away sewage or surface water, or a system of such pipes and channels; frequency rank 8268
- architecture — The art and practice of designing buildings.; frequency rank 8381
- washing machine

### B1
- planning — The act of deciding in advance how something will be done.; frequency rank 1511
- horn — A hard pointed growth on the head of some animals, such as cows or goats.; frequency rank 2017
- switch — A small device you press or move to turn electricity or a machine on and off.; frequency rank 2060
- governor — The person in charge of running a state or region, especially in the United States.; frequency rank 2233
- equipment — The tools, machines, or items needed for a particular activity.; frequency rank 2449
- device — A piece of equipment made for a particular purpose, especially an electronic or mechanical one.; frequency rank 2546
- construction — The act or process of building something.; frequency rank 3117
- nail — The hard, thin covering at the end of a finger or toe.; frequency rank 3238
- hammer — A tool with a heavy metal head and a handle, used for hitting nails.; frequency rank 3484
- facility — A building or place provided for a particular purpose or service.; frequency rank 3903
- motor — A machine that uses electricity or fuel to produce movement and power something.; frequency rank 3911
- foundation — The solid structure built underground that supports a building.; frequency rank 4036
- needle — A thin, pointed metal tool used for sewing, with a hole at one end for thread.; frequency rank 4243
- motorcycle — A two-wheeled vehicle with an engine and handlebars instead of a steering wheel.; frequency rank 4823
- engineering — The work of using science and maths to design and build machines, structures, and systems.; frequency rank 5108
- plug — The object with metal pins at the end of an electrical wire that you put into a socket.; frequency rank 5142
- maintenance — The work of keeping a machine, building, or system in good condition.; frequency rank 6387
- mechanical — Operated by or relating to machines or tools.; frequency rank 6729
- monument — A structure built to remember a person or event.; frequency rank 9550
- burner — a device or part of a device in which fuel burns to produce heat; frequency rank 11400
- heater — A machine that produces heat to warm a room, building, or water.; frequency rank 11559
- attachment — A file sent together with an email or message.; frequency rank 13467
- binoculars — an optical instrument designed for simultaneous use by both eyes; frequency rank 13604
- loudspeaker — A device that turns an electrical signal into sound loud enough to be heard at a distance.; frequency rank 19288
- skyscraper — A very tall building with many floors.; frequency rank 24608
- photocopy — A copy of a document made by a special machine.; frequency rank 25730
- tester — a device or instrument used to test the quality, operation, or properties of something; frequency rank 29799
- pulley — a grooved wheel over which a rope, belt, or chain runs, used to change the direction of a force or help lift a load; frequency rank 30826
- remote control
- tape-measure — a flexible strip marked for measuring length

### B2
- super — Excellent; very good.; frequency rank 1469
- gear — The equipment, clothing, or tools needed for a particular activity.; frequency rank 2917
- blade — The flat, sharp cutting part of a knife, sword, or tool.; frequency rank 3709
- crane — a tall machine with a projecting arm, used to lift and move heavy objects; frequency rank 3866
- beam — A long, thick piece of wood or metal used to support a building or structure.; frequency rank 4623
- operator — A person who controls a machine or piece of equipment.; frequency rank 4637
- mill — A building or factory where grain is crushed into flour, or where materials like cloth or paper are made.; frequency rank 5299
- superintendent — A person who is in charge of supervising, directing, or managing something.; frequency rank 6429
- jaw — The lower part of the face that holds the teeth and moves when you talk or eat.; frequency rank 6688
- foreman — A person in charge of a group of workers, especially in a factory or on a building site.; frequency rank 7010
- hose — a long flexible tube used to carry water, gas, or another fluid; frequency rank 7126
- roller — a cylindrical object or part that turns, especially one used to move, flatten, press, or apply something; frequency rank 7146
- probe — A careful investigation into something, especially something wrong.; frequency rank 7510
- plumber — A person whose job is to fit and repair water pipes, taps, and similar equipment.; frequency rank 8401
- chimney — A vertical pipe or structure that carries smoke from a fire up and out of a building.; frequency rank 9020
- cutter — a tool or machine used for cutting a particular material; frequency rank 9343
- lever — a rigid bar that turns around a fixed point and is used to lift or move something; frequency rank 11646
- screwdriver — a hand or power tool shaped to engage a screw head so that the screw can be tightened or loosened; frequency rank 11780
- output — The amount of something produced by a person, machine, or factory.; frequency rank 12543
- hopper — a funnel-shaped container through which loose material is stored or fed into a machine; frequency rank 13189
- implement — To put a plan, decision, or system into action.; frequency rank 14791
- installation — The act of putting a piece of equipment or software in place so it is ready to use.; frequency rank 14870
- cleaver — a heavy knife with a broad, usually rectangular blade, used especially for chopping meat and bones; frequency rank 15511
- socket — a hollow or receptacle into which a matching part fits; frequency rank 16465
- crowbar — a strong iron or steel bar, often flattened or curved at one end, used as a lever to force things apart; frequency rank 16829
- distributor — A company or person that supplies goods to shops and customers.; frequency rank 17342
- trough — a long, narrow, open container used for food, water, mixing, or holding materials; frequency rank 17417
- erect — Standing straight up; upright.; frequency rank 17533
- finder — a person who finds or discovers someone or something; frequency rank 17956
- demolish — To knock down or completely destroy a building or structure.; frequency rank 19274
- weld — to join pieces of metal or plastic permanently by heat, pressure, or both; frequency rank 19381
- drainage — the process of removing excess liquid or allowing it to flow away; frequency rank 20708
- framework — A basic set of ideas or rules used to plan or decide something.; frequency rank 20885
- woodwork — the wooden parts or fittings of a building, such as doors, frames, and trim; frequency rank 21268
- catapult — a device or ancient engine that launches a projectile with force; frequency rank 23122
- wheelbarrow — a small cart with one wheel at the front and two handles, pushed by a person to carry loads; frequency rank 23902
- tripod — a three-legged stand or support for a camera, instrument, vessel, or other object; frequency rank 24521
- mallet — a hammer with a large head, usually made of wood, rubber, or another relatively soft material; frequency rank 24585
- manhole — a covered opening in a street or other surface through which a worker can enter a sewer, drain, or underground utility space; frequency rank 24687
- tongs — a tool with two joined arms used to grip, lift, or hold objects without touching them directly; frequency rank 25429
- piston — a solid disk or cylinder that moves tightly inside a larger cylinder to transmit pressure or drive a machine; frequency rank 25645
- flagpole — a tall pole from which a flag is flown; frequency rank 26056
- nutcracker — a tool with two hinged arms or another lever mechanism used to crack nutshells; frequency rank 26072
- dispenser — a device or container that releases a substance or item in measured amounts; frequency rank 26742
- compressor — a mechanical device that compresses gases; frequency rank 29663
- embankment — a long raised bank of earth, stone, or other material built to hold back water or support a road or railway; frequency rank 30150
- thimble — a small hard cap worn over a fingertip to protect it and push a needle while sewing; frequency rank 33289
- reflector — a surface or device that sends light, heat, sound, or other radiation back; frequency rank 38357
- slicer — a knife, utensil, or machine designed to cut food or other material into slices; frequency rank 46154
- divider — a partition, barrier, or other object that separates one area or group from another; frequency rank 51941
- pincushion — a small stuffed or magnetic holder in which sewing pins and needles are kept; frequency rank 57123
- auger — a tool with a helical cutting bit used for boring holes in wood, soil, ice, or another material; frequency rank 65316
- stilt — one of a pair of tall poles with raised footrests that allow a person to walk high above the ground; frequency rank 77209
- sealer — a liquid or coating applied to make a surface resistant to air, water, stains, or damage; frequency rank 86039
- precut — cut to shape or size before being sold, assembled, or used; frequency rank 212431

### C1
- jimmy — a short crowbar used for forcing open a door, window, or lock; frequency rank 1223
- mechanism — A part of a machine or a set of moving parts that does a particular job.; frequency rank 7916
- stud — a small projecting fastener or ornament, usually made of metal; frequency rank 8624
- gadget — A small, often clever device or tool that does a particular job.; frequency rank 9776
- timber — Wood prepared for building or making things.; frequency rank 11950
- wedge — a tapered piece used for splitting, tightening, lifting, or securing something; frequency rank 13136
- demolition — The act of deliberately destroying a building or other structure; frequency rank 13866
- apparatus — A complex machine or set of equipment built for a particular job.; frequency rank 14570
- pavilion — a light, often open-sided roofed structure used for shelter or recreation in a park, garden, or public place; frequency rank 15607
- acoustic — (of a musical instrument) producing sound naturally, without electrical amplification.; frequency rank 16418
- architectural — Relating to the design and construction of buildings.; frequency rank 18066
- ratchet — a toothed wheel or bar with a pawl that permits motion in one direction while preventing motion in the other; frequency rank 21083
- moat — a deep, wide defensive ditch, often filled with water, around a castle or fortified place; frequency rank 21453
- silencer — British: a device in a vehicle exhaust system that reduces engine noise; frequency rank 21765
- appliance — A machine or device used in the home, such as a fridge or washing machine.; frequency rank 22964
- manger — an open box or trough in a stable from which horses, cattle, or other animals feed; frequency rank 23400
- temperamental — Having moods that change suddenly and unpredictably.; frequency rank 24950
- nozzle — a projecting tube or spout that directs or controls a stream of liquid, gas, or other material; frequency rank 25018
- anvil — a heavy iron or steel block on which metal is shaped by hammering; frequency rank 25979
- lasso — a long rope with a sliding loop used especially to catch cattle or horses; frequency rank 26752
- sheath — a protective covering for a knife or sword; frequency rank 27151
- aqueduct — an artificial channel or conduit built to carry water from one place to another; frequency rank 27814
- fixture — A piece of equipment fixed in place in a building, such as a sink or light, that is sold with the house.; frequency rank 29724
- accumulation — The process of gradually gathering or building up over time.; frequency rank 31321
- flagstaff — a pole or staff from which a flag is flown; frequency rank 38216
- spool — a cylinder or spindle around which thread, wire, film, or another flexible material is wound; frequency rank 38225
- vise — a tool with two jaws that close to hold an object firmly while it is being worked on; frequency rank 38853
- trowel — a mason's hand tool with a flat metal blade, used to spread and shape mortar or plaster; frequency rank 41524
- penknife — a small folding pocketknife; frequency rank 41558
- structurally — In a way that relates to the way something is built or put together.; frequency rank 42082
- ventilate — To let fresh air move through a room or building.; frequency rank 42919
- trellis — a framework or lattice of wood, metal, or another material used to support climbing plants; frequency rank 45859
- stucco — a durable plaster-like material used to coat or decorate walls, ceilings, and exterior surfaces; frequency rank 51153
- trestle — a frame with a horizontal bar supported by spreading legs, used alone or in pairs to hold a tabletop, planks, or another work surface; frequency rank 60287
- pommel — the raised front part of a saddle, used as a handhold; frequency rank 66837
- double-barreled — having two barrels, especially a gun with two barrels mounted side by side or one above the other; frequency rank 93451
- digester — a sealed vessel in which plant, animal, or other material is broken down by heat, pressure, chemicals, or enzymes; frequency rank 159716

### C2
- trench — a long, narrow ditch dug in the ground; frequency rank 9910
- derrick — a crane with a movable boom, especially one used aboard a ship or at a construction site; frequency rank 11866
- spade — a digging tool with a flat blade and a handle; frequency rank 12189
- bowie — a Bowie knife: a large, heavy, single-edged sheath knife with a clipped point; frequency rank 13830
- barrow — a small handcart used for carrying loads; frequency rank 14353
- hoop — a rigid circular or curved band of metal, wood, or another material, used for holding, fastening, hanging, or forming a framework; frequency rank 15186
- machete — a large heavy knife used for cutting vegetation or as a weapon; frequency rank 15835
- armory — A building where weapons and military equipment are stored.; frequency rank 16779
- contraption — A strange or overly complicated machine or device.; frequency rank 17903
- dredge — to remove mud, sand, or other material from the bottom of a body of water with a dredge; frequency rank 17970
- weir — a low dam built across a stream or river to raise the water level, regulate it, or divert its flow; frequency rank 18684
- sickle — a short-handled agricultural tool with a curved blade, used for cutting grain or grass; frequency rank 22243
- axle — a shaft or pin on which a wheel or other rotating part turns; frequency rank 22639
- harpoon — a heavy spear with a barbed head, usually attached to a line, thrown or fired to catch whales and other large aquatic animals; frequency rank 23036
- periscope — an optical instrument that provides a view of an otherwise obstructed field; frequency rank 23192
- ligature — a cord, band, or other fastening used to bind things together; frequency rank 23744
- blowtorch — a portable burner that produces a very hot, concentrated flame by mixing fuel gas with air or oxygen; frequency rank 24559
- sledgehammer — a large, heavy hammer with a long handle, used for powerful blows in demolition or construction; frequency rank 24948
- gazebo — a small roofed building affording shade and rest; frequency rank 25480
- megaphone — a cone-shaped acoustic device held to the mouth to intensify and direct the human voice; frequency rank 26078
- gargoyle — a grotesquely carved waterspout that carries rainwater away from a building; frequency rank 26566
- sluice — an artificial channel or gate that controls a rapid flow of water; frequency rank 26826
- sieve — a utensil with a mesh or perforated bottom used to separate fine particles from coarse ones; frequency rank 26919
- smithy — a workshop where a smith heats, shapes, and repairs metal; a forge; frequency rank 26927
- gasket — any mechanical seal that serves to fill the space between two objects, generally to prevent leakage between the two objects while under compression.; frequency rank 27624
- watchtower — a tower from which a lookout watches for danger, fire, escape, or approaching people; frequency rank 27669
- turret — A small tower on a building or castle, often at a corner.; frequency rank 28250
- belvedere — a raised room, turret, pavilion, or other structure designed to command a fine view; frequency rank 28256
- siphon — a bent tube used to move liquid from a higher container to a lower one through continuous flow; frequency rank 30153
- waterworks — a system of reservoirs, treatment facilities, pumps, and pipes that supplies water to a community; frequency rank 32895
- palazzo — an imposing urban residence or public building in Italy, especially one of historical or architectural importance; frequency rank 33618
- excavator — a large powered machine with a boom and bucket, used for digging and moving earth; frequency rank 33896
- millstone — one of a pair of large circular stones used for grinding grain; frequency rank 35468
- pneumatic — operated by compressed air or another gas; frequency rank 35818
- truss — a rigid framework of connected beams that supports a roof, bridge, or other structure; frequency rank 35863
- stave — one of the narrow strips of wood or metal fitted edge to edge to form a barrel or similar structure; frequency rank 37739
- spire — A tall, pointed structure on top of a tower or church roof.; frequency rank 38505
- backboard — a rigid board used to support or straighten a person's back, historically as a posture-training device; frequency rank 40783
- grater — a kitchen tool with a rough or perforated cutting surface used to shred food into small pieces; frequency rank 41610
- pickaxe — a heavy tool with a long handle and a pointed metal head, used for breaking hard ground or rock; frequency rank 43891
- needlepoint — a sharp point resembling the tip of a needle; frequency rank 44462
- condenser — an apparatus that converts vapor into liquid; frequency rank 46645
- dado — the lower part of an interior wall when it is decorated or finished differently from the area above it; frequency rank 46804
- flange — a projecting rim, rib, or collar on a pipe, wheel, beam, or other component, used for strength, guidance, or attachment; frequency rank 46838
- linchpin — a person or thing essential to the stability or success of a system or plan; frequency rank 48656
- scraper — a tool, blade, or implement used to remove material by scraping; frequency rank 49117
- culvert — a covered channel or pipe that carries water beneath a road, railway, or embankment; frequency rank 49826
- gimlet — a small hand tool with a screw-shaped point, used for boring holes in wood; frequency rank 52324
- spyglass — a small portable telescope, especially a collapsible refracting telescope used at sea; frequency rank 52607
- superstructure — a structure, system, or set of ideas built upon an underlying foundation or basis; frequency rank 53232
- jackknife — a large pocketknife whose blade folds into the handle; frequency rank 56068
- brazier — large metal container in which coal or charcoal is burned; frequency rank 58777
- postern — a back, side, or private entrance, especially a small gate in a fortification; frequency rank 61296
- breakwater — a barrier built offshore or at a harbor entrance to reduce the force of waves and protect the water or coast behind it; frequency rank 64208
- metalwork — objects, fittings, or structural parts made of metal; frequency rank 65852
- flagstone — a broad, flat slab of stone used for paving paths, floors, or roofs; frequency rank 66965
- caulk — to fill and seal a seam, crack, or joint so that air or water cannot pass through; frequency rank 69358
- strop — sharpen on a strop; frequency rank 70107
- seismograph — an instrument that automatically detects and records the intensity, direction and duration of earthquakes and similar events.; frequency rank 70370
- frontage — the face or front of a building; frequency rank 70444
- colonnade — a row of regularly spaced columns supporting a roof or entablature; frequency rank 71789
- pinion — the smaller of two meshing gears, or a small gear that engages with a rack; frequency rank 72891
- brickwork — bricks set in mortar as part of a wall or building; masonry made from bricks; frequency rank 75703
- cornice — a horizontal moulded projection that crowns a building, wall, or classical entablature; frequency rank 76705
- cupola — a small dome or domed structure built on top of a roof; frequency rank 78866
- bevel — a sloping edge or surface cut at an angle other than a right angle; frequency rank 82817
- loggia — a roofed gallery or corridor that is open to the air on one or more sides, often along an upper story of a building; frequency rank 83168
- bodkin — a blunt, large-eyed needle used to pull cord or ribbon through a hem or casing; frequency rank 84586
- whetstone — a flat stone or bonded abrasive used to sharpen the edge of a knife or tool; frequency rank 86174
- stanchion — an upright post, pole, or bar used to support a structure or form part of a barrier; frequency rank 86629
- parti — the central concept or organizing scheme of an architectural design, often expressed in a simple diagram; frequency rank 87024
- gimbal — a device for suspending something, such as a ship's compass, so that it will remain level when its support is tipped.; frequency rank 91950
- collet — a slotted, tapered sleeve that closes around a tool or workpiece to hold it firmly in a machine; frequency rank 92239
- capstan — a vertical revolving cylinder used to wind a rope or cable and exert heavy pulling force, especially aboard a ship; frequency rank 93396
- blowpipe — a narrow tube used to direct air or gas into a flame, concentrating its heat for chemical tests, metalwork, or mineral analysis; frequency rank 95634
- jamb — either vertical side of a doorway, window, fireplace, or other opening in a wall; frequency rank 98910
- mullion — a slender upright bar that divides adjacent panes or sections of a window, door, or screen; frequency rank 100384
- mortise — a rectangular cavity cut in one piece of material to receive a matching tenon and form a joint; frequency rank 101222
- apse — a semicircular or polygonal recess in a building, especially the vaulted eastern end of a church behind the altar; frequency rank 102278
- campanile — a bell tower, especially a freestanding Italian bell tower beside a church or public building; frequency rank 112656
- bolas — a throwing weapon of connected cords and weights that entangles an animal's legs; frequency rank 119153
- abutment — a solid structure that supports the end or resists the outward thrust of a bridge, arch, dam, or similar construction; frequency rank 119509
- mattock — a heavy digging tool with a horizontal blade, often paired with a pick or axe blade on the other end; frequency rank 119927
- hasp — a hinged metal strap that fits over a staple and is secured by a pin or padlock; frequency rank 123559
- windlass — a machine with a horizontal or vertical rotating drum around which a rope or chain is wound to raise or haul heavy loads, especially a ship's anchor; frequency rank 130498
- puncheon — US historical: a split log or heavy slab smoothed on one face and used especially for flooring; frequency rank 137186
- tenon — a projecting piece cut at the end of a length of wood and shaped to fit into a corresponding mortise to form a joint; frequency rank 143450
- clapboard — a long narrow siding board, usually thinner at one edge, laid horizontally so that each board overlaps the one below; frequency rank 143563
- ironmongery — tools, metal fittings, and other hardware sold for use in homes, gardens, or buildings; frequency rank 145776
- earthwork — a structure made from piled or shaped earth, especially an embankment or defensive rampart; frequency rank 154815
- parer — a tool used to remove a thin outer layer from fruit, vegetables, or another object; frequency rank 179945
- repeller — a person, substance, device, or force that repels something or drives it away; frequency rank 198760
- sidelight — a small light fitted at the side of a vehicle or the red or green navigation light on a vessel; frequency rank 206768
- actuate — engineering: to cause a machine or mechanism to operate or move; frequency rank 207121
- crupper — a strap or loop passing under a horse's tail to prevent a saddle or harness from sliding forward; frequency rank 210474
- whipsaw — a long narrow saw, commonly worked by two people using a handle at each end; frequency rank 210999
- aneroid — operating without liquid, especially by using air pressure on a flexible metal chamber; frequency rank 218800
- ferrule — a metal or other strong ring, cap, or sleeve fitted around a shaft to strengthen it or prevent splitting; frequency rank 221418
- penholder — a handle into which a detachable pen nib is fitted; frequency rank 236588
- rowel — the small wheel with projecting points at the end of a rider's spur; frequency rank 253508
- toothing — bricks or stones left projecting alternately at the end of a wall so that a later extension can be bonded to it; frequency rank 254602
- ashlar — a block of building stone cut or worked into a regular rectangular shape; frequency rank 270277
- piggin — a small wooden pail or scoop made with one stave extending upward to form a handle; frequency rank 270632
- embrasure — the inward-splayed recess around a door or window opening in a thick wall; frequency rank 273473
- handspike — a stout bar used as a lever, especially by sailors to turn a capstan or windlass; frequency rank 287977
- pilaster — a shallow rectangular column projecting from a wall, usually with a base and capital and often serving a decorative architectural role; frequency rank 298188
- nailhead — the flattened or enlarged end of a nail opposite its point, designed to receive the blow of a hammer; frequency rank 314302
- coign — archaic spelling of quoin: an external corner or projecting angle of a wall, especially one emphasized with contrasting masonry; frequency rank 318516
- spinning-wheel — a hand- or foot-powered machine that twists fibers into thread or yarn; frequency rank 328549
- bootjack — a forked device that holds the heel of a boot so the wearer can pull the foot out; frequency rank 364619
- millrace — a channel that carries a current of water to or away from a waterwheel; frequency rank 383756
- clasp-knife — dated: a pocketknife whose blade folds into the handle; frequency rank 392687
- carboy — a large rigid bottle, traditionally glass, used for storing or transporting liquids such as acids or fermenting drinks; frequency rank 425323
- rockwork — ornamental or structural work made from arranged rocks, especially in a garden; frequency rank 448397
- purlin — a horizontal or longitudinal structural member in a roof that supports the rafters or roof covering; frequency rank 484375
- corrugation — the process or state of forming a surface into parallel ridges and grooves; frequency rank 491231
- triglyph — architecture: a tablet with three vertical grooves in a Doric frieze; frequency rank 526441
- workbag — a bag used to hold tools or materials needed for work, especially sewing, knitting, or other needlework; frequency rank 535132
- knop — an ornamental knob or rounded swelling on a stem, post, vessel, or architectural feature; frequency rank 551052
- baluster — a short upright post that supports the handrail of a staircase, balcony, or terrace; frequency rank 900801
- weatherboarding — a building's outer covering of long, usually overlapping boards designed to shed rain; frequency rank 1058920
- helve — the handle or haft of a tool or weapon, especially an axe or hammer; frequency rank 1136377
- pedimented — architecture: furnished, crowned, or decorated with a pediment, or shaped like one; frequency rank 1303796
- embank — to confine, support, or protect land or water by constructing a raised bank of earth or stone; frequency rank 1402565
- stone crusher — a machine that breaks stone or rock into smaller pieces, especially for road building, concrete, quarrying, or ore processing
- paper cutter — a machine or device for cutting or trimming sheets of paper to a required size, often with a long hinged blade
- sawpit — a pit over which timber was laid so two workers could saw it lengthwise, one standing above and one below
- volute — a spiral scroll ornament, especially one forming a characteristic part of an Ionic column capital
- stylobate — architecture: the uppermost step or platform of a classical building's stepped base, directly supporting its columns
- gallipot — A small, glazed earthenware jar once used by apothecaries for holding medicine and ointment
- falsework — a temporary framework used in the building of bridges and arched structures in order to hold items in place until the structure is able to support itself.
- cantilever — a beam or other structure fixed at one end and projecting outward without support at its other end
- finial — a decorative feature at the top of a roof, spire, or other part of a building
- caisson — a watertight structure used to keep water out of an underwater construction site or to form part of its foundations

### C2+
- rivet — a metal pin fastened by hammering one end flat; frequency rank 42930
- rat-trap — a trap designed to catch or kill rats, typically by snapping shut; frequency rank 140067
- vomitorium — architecture: a passage or entrance through or behind tiers of seats in a theater, amphitheater, or stadium, designed to let crowds enter or leave rapidly; frequency rank 153842
- turnscrew — a screwdriver or similar device for turning screws; now chiefly dated; frequency rank 199457
- uncock — to lower or release the cock or hammer of a firearm from the firing position; frequency rank 346246
- dancette — architecture: a molding or group of moldings arranged in a zigzag or chevron pattern; frequency rank 618953
- jerry-builder — a builder who puts up cheap, poorly made buildings, often quickly and for speculative profit; frequency rank 642857
- unroof — to remove or tear the roof from a building or other covered structure; frequency rank 682380
- thible — Northern English and Scots: a stick used for stirring porridge or other food; frequency rank 925851
- sawblade — the toothed cutting blade of a hand saw or powered sawing machine; frequency rank 1063923
- bolthead — the enlarged head of a bolt, shaped to be turned or to hold the bolt in place; frequency rank 1142082
- chopper — a helicopter, or a tool for chopping
- reconstruct — to build again or to piece together how something happened
- crystalline — having the structure or clarity of crystal; transparent
- sturdy — strongly and solidly built; robust
- barrack — a building housing soldiers; also to jeer or to shout support
- intricate — very complicated or detailed in structure or arrangement
- schematic — represented in a simplified diagram showing structure or workings
- shack — a roughly built hut or cabin
- inbuilt — existing as an integral, built-in part of something
- rig — to manipulate dishonestly, or to assemble equipment and apparatus
- underframework — an underlying supporting framework or structure
- violoncello — the full formal name for the cello, a bowed string instrument
- archway — a curved structure forming a passage or entrance beneath an arch
- castellate — to furnish with battlements or build like a castle
- dome — a rounded vault forming the roof of a building or structure
- dovecot — a structure for housing pigeons or doves
- foursquare — firm and resolute; squarely; solidly built
- glasshouse — a building with glass walls and roof for growing plants; a greenhouse
- joiner — a craftsman who constructs the wooden fittings of a building
- masonry — stonework or brickwork; the craft of building with such materials
- mechanistic — explaining phenomena by physical causes alone, like a machine
- morphologic — relating to the form and structure of organisms or words
- portico — a roofed structure supported by columns at the entrance of a building
- quoin — an external corner of a building, or a wedge used to lock type
- storehouse — a building or repository where goods are stored
- swingle — a wooden tool for beating flax to separate the fibre from the woody stem
- underbuilding — a structure forming a foundation or substructure beneath another
- viola — a stringed instrument slightly larger and lower-pitched than the violin
- capacho — historical, Andean mining: a broad leather basket or backpack used to carry ore from a mine, especially on the back of an apir
- gasogene — historical: a Victorian device with two connected glass globes that generated carbon dioxide and dispensed carbonated water
- ash-hopper — historical: a large container in which water was passed through wood ashes to make lye
- machicolate — to furnish a wall, tower, or castle with machicolations for dropping objects on attackers