in

A1 Topic:Grammar & Function Words

US /ən/ See IPA manual

adj prep Freq #11

Meanings

1

prep
Inside a place, container, or area.

The dog is in the kennel.
2

prep
During a period of time.

My birthday is in July.
3

prep
Showing the state, condition, or way someone or something is.

He walked away in anger.
4

prep
By means of doing something.

In trying to help, she only made things worse.
5

adj
Currently popular or fashionable.

Bright colours are really in this summer.

Thesaurus

Opposites

out

Word family

Forms ins

Derived forms add-inbenbuilt-incalcincaytaxindrop-ingrid-inhereinin-fillin-flightin-footedin-state

Common collocations

Etymology

PIE word *h₁en Preposition and verb from Middle English in, from Old English in, from Proto-Germanic *in. Adverb, noun and adjective from Middle English in, from Old English inn and inne, from Proto-Germanic *innai. Sense 1/2 "in"/"into" are from the original PIE prefix, with locative/accusative case respectively. Sense 3/4 "qualification"/"means" are from the PIE metaphor of all infinitives coming from locatives.

in Old English *in Proto-Germanic inn Old English *innai Proto-Germanic

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Topics

Grammar & Function Words

# in

**Type:** Word
**Level:** A1
**Part of speech:** adj, prep
**IPA (US):** ən
**Frequency rank:** 11

## Meanings
1. Inside a place, container, or area.
2. During a period of time.
3. Showing the state, condition, or way someone or something is.
4. By means of doing something.
5. Currently popular or fashionable.

## Examples
- The dog is in the kennel.
- My birthday is in July.
- He walked away in anger.
- In trying to help, she only made things worse.
- Bright colours are really in this summer.

## Antonyms
- out

## Derived Forms
- add-in
- ben
- built-in
- calcin
- caytaxin
- drop-in
- grid-in
- herein
- in-fill
- in-flight
- in-footed
- in-state

## Roots and Affixes
- Root: in
- Root: *in
- Root: inn
- Root: *innai

## Etymology
PIE word *h₁en Preposition and verb from Middle English in, from Old English in, from Proto-Germanic *in. Adverb, noun and adjective from Middle English in, from Old English inn and inne, from Proto-Germanic *innai. Sense 1/2 "in"/"into" are from the original PIE prefix, with locative/accusative case respectively. Sense 3/4 "qualification"/"means" are from the PIE metaphor of all infinitives coming from locatives.

## AI Etymology
In has Proto-Indo-European base *h₁en. Preposition and verb from Middle English in, from Old English in, from Proto-Germanic *in. Adverb, noun and adjective from Middle English in, from Old English inn and inne, from Proto-Germanic *innai. Sense 1/2 "in"/"into" are from the original PIE prefix, with locative/accusative case respectively. Sense 3/4 "qualification"/"means" are from the PIE metaphor of all infinitives coming from locatives. In current use, the main senses are “Inside a place, container, or area” and “During a period of time”.

## Topics
- Grammar & Function Words

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