of

A1 Topic:Grammar & Function Words

Also spelled uv

US /ʌv/ UK /ɒv/ See IPA manual

Freq #9

Meanings

1

prep
Belonging to or connected with someone or something.

She is a close friend of my sister.
2

prep
Used to show what something is made from.

The ring was made of pure gold.
3

prep
Used to show what something is about or contains.

He gave us a clear description of the events.
4

prep
Used to show a part taken from a larger group or amount.

Most of the students passed the exam.

Thesaurus

Word family

Derived forms ofer

Appears in

Phrases (23)

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die of
to die as a result of a disease or bodily condition

Verb + preposition/particle
run out of
To use up or exhaust an available supply of something.

Verb + preposition/particle
hear of
to have knowledge that someone or something exists

Verb + preposition/particle
of one's own volition
formal: by personal choice, without being forced or instructed

Preposition + noun
approve of
to consider someone or something acceptable or good

Verb + preposition/particle
conceive of
to imagine something or form an idea of it

Verb + preposition/particle

Idioms (96)

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a piece of cake
Something that is very easy to do.
a fish out of water
Someone who feels uncomfortable because they are in an unfamiliar situation.
at the end of the day
ultimately; when everything is considered
can of worms
a complicated problem that causes trouble the moment it is touched
end of story
used to say that there is nothing more to add or discuss
get out of hand
To become impossible to control.

Tongue twisters (6)

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Betty Botter
Betty Botter bought some butter. “But,” she said, “this butter’s bitter; If I put it in my batter, It will make my batter bitter; But a bit of better butter Will but make my batter better.” So she bought a bit of butter Better than the bitter butter, And made her bitter batter better. So it was better Betty Botter Bought a bit of better butter.

Compare the vowels in bit, better, batter and butter while keeping /b/ steady. Use your normal accent for the middle consonant of Betty, ...
Buttered Bran Bread
Bring a bit of buttered bran bread.

Move from /b/ directly into /ɹ/ in bring, bran and bread. Give each word its own vowel instead of blending bran bread into one word.
Dew Drops
As much of the dew that the dew drops drop, if dew drops do drop dew.

Keep the /dɹ/ cluster in drops and drop connected. Dew may begin with /d/ or /dj/, depending on your accent; use the form natural to you.
Freshly Dried Flying Fish
Flesh of freshly dried flying fish.

Move between /fl/ in flesh and flying and /fɹ/ in freshly. Keep the /ʃ/ endings of flesh and fish distinct from the /f/ beginnings.
Peter Piper
Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers. Did Peter Piper pick a peck of pickled peppers? If Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers, Where's the peck of pickled peppers Peter Piper picked?

Close both lips for each /p/, and keep the end of picked distinct from pick. Start one line at a time before joining the four lines.
The Fish-Sauce Shop
She stood at the door of Mrs. Smith’s fish-sauce shop in the Strand welcoming him in.

Separate the /s/ in sauce from the /ʃ/ in fish and shop. In Smith’s, move from /θ/ into the final /s/ before beginning fish.

Etymology

Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *-o Proto-Indo-European *h₂epó Proto-Germanic *ab Proto-West Germanic *ab Old English æf Old English of Middle English of English of From Middle English of, from Old English of (“from, out of, off”), an unstressed form of æf, from Proto-West Germanic *ab, from Proto-Germanic *ab (“away; away from”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂epó (“away”). Doublet of off, which is the stressed descendant of the same Old English word. More at off.

of Old English *ab Proto-Germanic *h₂epó Proto-Indo-European

View etymology graph ->

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Grammar & Function Words

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# of

**Type:** Word
**Level:** A1
**Part of speech:** prep
**IPA (US):** /ʌv/
**IPA (UK):** /ɒv/
**Frequency rank:** 9

## Meanings
1. Belonging to or connected with someone or something.
2. Used to show what something is made from.
3. Used to show what something is about or contains.
4. Used to show a part taken from a larger group or amount.

## Examples
- She is a close friend of my sister.
- The ring was made of pure gold.
- He gave us a clear description of the events.
- Most of the students passed the exam.

## Derived Forms
- ofer

## Roots and Affixes
- Root: of
- Root: *ab
- Root: *h₂epó

## Etymology
Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *-o Proto-Indo-European *h₂epó Proto-Germanic *ab Proto-West Germanic *ab Old English æf Old English of Middle English of English of From Middle English of, from Old English of (“from, out of, off”), an unstressed form of æf, from Proto-West Germanic *ab, from Proto-Germanic *ab (“away; away from”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂epó (“away”). Doublet of off, which is the stressed descendant of the same Old English word. More at off.

## AI Etymology
Of comes from Middle English of, from Old English of (“from, out of, off”), an unstressed form of æf, from Proto-West Germanic *ab, from Proto-Germanic *ab (“away; away from”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₂epó (“away”). Doublet of off, which is the stressed descendant of the same Old English word. Modern senses include belonging to or connected with someone or something and used to show what something is made from. The wider word family includes derivatives such as ofer.

## Topics
- Grammar & Function Words

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of

Meanings

Thesaurus

Appears in

Phrases (23)

Idioms (96)

Tongue twisters (6)

Etymology

Topics

External links

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