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Simplified etymology
Toast ultimately comes from Latin torrere, meaning “to parch, scorch, or dry up.” English first used the word for parching and then for browning bread; because spiced toast was commonly put into wine or ale, the word later became associated with ceremonial drinking. By the late 17th century, drinking a toast meant naming a woman whose health the company would drink, as though her name flavored the drink like the toast in it.
Etymology
From Middle English tosten, from Old French toster (“to roast, grill”), from Latin tostus (“grilled, burnt”), from verb torreō (“to burn, grill”).
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