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Simplified etymology
Staff comes from Old English staff, meaning a walking stick. Its old plural was staves, and a form derived from that plural became the singular word stave for a wooden strip or stick.
Etymology
From Middle English staf, from Old English stæf (“letter of the alphabet”), from Proto-West Germanic *stab, from Proto-Germanic *stabaz. Cognate with Dutch staf, German Stab, Danish stav, Swedish stav. Sense of "group of military officers that assists a commander" and similar meanings, attested from 1702, is influenced by or is even from German Stab.
*stebʰ-
Proto-Indo-European
staf
Middle English
stæf
Old English
*stab
Proto-West Germanic
*stabaz
Proto-Germanic
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