Grammar & Function Words

whereupon C2+

/ˌ(h)wɛrəˈpɑn/ immediately after which or as a consequence of which Meaning Off Sound Off

qua C2+

/kwɑː/ formal: in the capacity or character of; considered specifically as Meaning Off Sound Off

afront C2+

/əˈfrʌnt/ archaic or dialectal: in front or face to face Meaning Off Sound Off

anigh C2+

/əˈnai/ archaic or dialectal: near or close by Meaning Off Sound Off

anent C2+

/əˈnent/ concerning or with regard to; used chiefly in Scots and formal or archaic writing Meaning Off Sound Off

aught C2+

/ɔt/ anything at all; the slightest thing Meaning Off Sound Off

apropos C2+

/ˌæprəˈpoʊ/ relevant to the matter; with reference to Meaning Off Sound Off

mid C2+

/mɪd/ in the middle part of; central Meaning Off Sound Off

sith C2+

/sɪθ/ archaic word for since or seeing that Meaning Off Sound Off

amidst C2+

/əˈmɪdst/ in the middle of; surrounded by Meaning Off Sound Off

fromward C2+

/ˈfrʌmwɚd/ away from; directed away (archaic) Meaning Off Sound Off

howso C2+

/ˈhaʊsoʊ/ in whatever way; however (archaic) Meaning Off Sound Off

sithe C2+

/saɪð/ an archaic form of 'since'; also a dialectal variant of scythe Meaning Off Sound Off

afore C2+

/əˈfɔr/ before, in place or time (archaic or dialectal) Meaning Off Sound Off

barring C2+

/ˈbɑrɪŋ/ except for; apart from the possibility of Meaning Off Sound Off

betwixt C2+

/bɪˈtwɪkst/ between (archaic or literary) Meaning Off Sound Off

circa C2+

/ˈsɚkə/ approximately; used with dates to indicate an estimate Meaning Off Sound Off

ere C2+

/ɛr/ before (in time) Meaning Off Sound Off

howbeit C2+

/haʊˈbiɪt/ nevertheless; be that as it may Meaning Off Sound Off

howsoever C2+

/ˌhaʊsoʊˈɛvɚ/ in whatever way or to whatever degree Meaning Off Sound Off

outwith C2+

/ˌaʊtˈwɪθ/ outside of or beyond (chiefly Scots usage) Meaning Off Sound Off

pending C2+

/ˈpɛndɪŋ/ awaiting decision or settlement; until Meaning Off Sound Off

sithence C2+

/ˈsɪðəns/ archaic word meaning since, afterward, or because Meaning Off Sound Off

whence C2+

/wɛns/ from what place or source Meaning Off Sound Off

forasmuch C2+

/ˌfɔrəzˈmʌtʃ/ in view of the fact that; seeing that (used with 'as') Meaning Off Sound Off

forthy C2+

/ˈfɔrði/ therefore; for that reason (archaic) Meaning Off Sound Off

mah C2+

/mɑ/ (dialect/informal) variant of 'my' or 'ma' Meaning Off Sound Off

naught C2+

/nɔt/ nothing; zero Meaning Off Sound Off

providing C2+

/prəˈvaɪdɪŋ/ on the condition that; provided that Meaning Off Sound Off

thee C2+

/ði/ archaic objective form of thou, meaning you (singular) Meaning Off Sound Off

thou C2+

/ðaʊ/ archaic second-person singular pronoun meaning you Meaning Off Sound Off

whichsoever C2+

/ˌwɪtʃ.soʊˈɛv.ɚ/ whichever; any one or ones, no matter which Meaning Off Sound Off

whiles C2+

/waɪlz/ while; during the time that (archaic or dialectal) Meaning Off Sound Off

whomever C2+

/huːmˈɛv.ɚ/ the objective form of whoever; any person whom Meaning Off Sound Off

ye C2+

/jiː/ you (archaic plural or formal), or an old form of the Meaning Off Sound Off

yee C2+

/jiː/ an exclamation of excitement, or a dialectal form of you/ye Meaning Off Sound Off

yonder C2+

/ˈjɑn.dɚ/ at or in that place over there; at a distance within sight Meaning Off Sound Off

nuther C2+

/ˈnʌðɚ/ dialectal: either or neither, especially after a negative statement Meaning Off Sound Off

ther C2+

/ðɛr/ eye dialect: there Meaning Off Sound Off

againwards C2+

/əˈɡɛn.wɚdz/ toward; in the direction facing a person or place, in archaic or northern dialect use Meaning Off Sound Off

anear C2+

/əˈnɪr/ chiefly dialectal: near or close to Meaning Off Sound Off