Word Formation & Derivatives
Prefixes, suffixes, compounds, inflections, and derived word families.
11746 words
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Some words in this topic are A2–C2 — part of Pro. A1 words are always free.
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brother-in-law
B2
/ˈbɹʌðɚ ɪn ˌlɔ/
The brother of your husband or wife, or the husband of your sister
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so-called
B2
/ˈsoʊˌkɔld/
Called by this name, though the speaker doubts it is true or deserved.
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sister-in-law
B2
/ˈsɪs.tɚ.ɪn.lɔ/
the sister of your husband or wife, or your brother's wife
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son-in-law
B2
/ˈsʌnɪnˌlɔː/
The husband of your daughter.
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X-ray
B2
/ˈɛks ˌɹeɪ/
A photograph of the inside of the body, made using invisible rays that pass through it.
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mother-in-law
B2
/ˈmʌ.ðəɹ.ɪnˌlɑː/
The mother of your husband or wife.
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father-in-law
B2
/ˈfɑːðəɹɪnˌlɔː/
The father of your husband or wife.
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grown-up
B2
/ˈgroʊˌnəp/
An adult, especially as spoken about by or to children.
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daughter-in-law
B2
/ˈdɔːtə(ɹ)ɪnˌlɔː/
The wife of your son.
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long-term
B2
/ˈlɔŋˈtɝːm/
Continuing or having effects over a long period of time.
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first-class
B2
/ˌfɝːstˈklæs/
of the highest quality; excellent
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last-minute
B2
/ˌlæˈsmɪnət/
Done or happening at the latest possible time before an event.
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mix-up
B2
/ˈmɪksˌʌp/
a mistake or confused situation caused by taking one person or thing for another
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long-distance
B2
/ˌlɔŋˈdiːstəns/
Covering or travelling over a great distance.
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left-handed
B2
/ˌlɛftˈhændɪd/
using the left hand more naturally or skillfully than the right
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high-tech
B2
/haɪ tɛk/
Using or involving the most advanced and modern technology.
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short-term
B2
/ˌʃɔrtˈtɝːm/
Lasting for or relating to a short period of time.
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self-confidence
B2
/ˌsɛlfˈkɑːnfədəns/
belief and trust in your own abilities
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show-off
B2
/ˈʃoʊˌɔf/
a person who deliberately displays their abilities or possessions to attract attention or admiration
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worn-out
B2
/ˈwɔɹnˌaʊt/
damaged or made useless by long or heavy use
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light-headed
B2
/ˌlaɪtˈhɛdɪd/
dizzy, faint, or mentally unsteady
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single-handed
B2
/ˌsɪŋ.ɡəlˈhæn.dɪd/
done by one person without help from anyone else
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mixed-up
B2
/ˌmɪkstˈʌp/
confused, troubled, or unable to think clearly
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bad-tempered
B2
Easily annoyed or angered; often in a bad mood.
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well-built
B2
Having a strong, muscular body.
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non-smoking
B2
/nɑːnˈsmoʊkɪŋ/
Where smoking is not allowed.
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semi-final
B2
One of the two matches before the final, deciding which players or teams reach the final.
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well-paid
B2
Earning or providing a good amount of money.
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self-confident
B2
/ˌsɛlfˈkɑːnfədənt/
sure of your own abilities and worth
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well-balanced
B2
Made up of parts in good, healthy proportions.
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long-legged
B2
/ˌlɔːŋˈlɛɡɪd/
having legs that are long in proportion to the body
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dilly-dally
B2
/ˈdɪl.iˌdæl.i/
informal: to waste time through indecision, delay, or aimless activity
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good-sized
B2
/ˌɡʊdˈsaɪzd/
reasonably or notably large in size, amount, or extent
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well-wisher
B2
/ˈwɛlˌwɪʃər/
a person who hopes for and expresses support for another person's or cause's success or welfare
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fair-minded
B2
/ˌfɛrˈmaɪndɪd/
willing to judge people or issues impartially and without prejudice
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long-tailed
B2
/ˌlɔːŋˈteɪld/
clothing: having long rear skirts, panels, or tails
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broad-shouldered
B2
/ˌbrɔdˈʃoʊldɚd/
having wide or powerfully built shoulders
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silly-billy
B2
/ˌsɪliˈbɪli/
informal, especially British: a silly or foolish person, used as a mild or affectionate teasing expression
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half-dollar
B2
/ˈhæfˌdɑlər/
a United States coin worth fifty cents, or the sum of fifty cents
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well-shaped
B2
/ˌwɛlˈʃeɪpt/
having an attractive, regular, or proportionate shape
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good-humored
B2
/ˌɡʊdˈhjuːmɚd/
cheerful, friendly, and not easily annoyed
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half-yearly
B2
/ˌhæfˈjɪrli/
occurring, published, or paid every six months
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wage-earner
B2
/ˈweɪdʒˌɝː.nɚ/
a person who works in return for wages or a salary, especially as distinguished from an employer or someone living on investments
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carbon dioxide
B2
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carbon footprint
B2
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carbon monoxide
B2
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climate change
B2
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de facto
B2
/ˌdeɪˈfæktoʊ/
existing or operating in practice, even without an official title or formal recognition
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debit card
B2
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environmentally friendly
B2
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exclamation mark
B2
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fed up
B2
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fire brigade
B2
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first language
B2
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first person
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global warming
B2
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hard drive
B2
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health care
B2
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human rights
B2
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inverted commas
B2
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junk food
B2
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last minute
B2
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martial art
B2
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native speaker
B2
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owing to
B2
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point of view
B2
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polar bear
B2
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prime minister
B2
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real estate
B2
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rush hour
B2
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second person
B2
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steering wheel
B2
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stock market
B2
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third person
B2
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upside down
B2
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virtual reality
B2
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well-organized
B2
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starting-point
B2
/ˈstɑrtɪŋˌpɔɪnt/
the place, time, or idea from which something begins
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so-and-so
B2
/ˈsoʊənˌsoʊ/
an unspecified or unnamed person or thing
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water butt
B2
/ˈwɑː.t̬ɚ ˌbʌt/
British: a large outdoor barrel or other container used to collect and store rainwater
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day laborer
B2
/ˈdeɪ ˌleɪ.bɚ.ɚ/
a worker hired and paid by the day, especially for temporary or unskilled manual work
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pepper-shaker
B2
/ˈpɛpərˌʃeɪkər/
a small container with perforations in its top, used for sprinkling ground pepper
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