run

A1 Topic:Verbs of Movement

Also spelled runnin

US /rʌn/ UK /ɹʌn/ See IPA manual

Freq #314

Meanings

1

verb
To move quickly on foot, faster than walking.

She had to run to catch the bus.
2

verb
To manage or be in charge of a business or organization.

He runs a small restaurant in the city center.
3

verb
To operate, or to make a machine operate.

The engine runs smoothly now that it has been repaired.
4

noun
An act of running, especially for exercise or sport.

I go for a run every morning before work.
5

noun
A continuous period during which something happens or is performed.

The play had a long run on Broadway.

Verb forms

run, ran, run irregular verb

Multiword verbs with run

run across Prepositional verb A1

to meet someone by chance
run away Phrasal verb A1

to flee or escape quickly from a place or situation
run for Prepositional verb A1

to compete as a candidate for an elected position
run off Phrasal verb A1

to print or copy a quantity of documents quickly
run out of Phrasal-prepositional verb A1

to use up or exhaust an available supply of something.
run over Phrasal verb A1

to hit someone or something with a vehicle and pass over them

Thesaurus

Synonyms

4 noun · an act of running,... foot race

More execute gallop ladder start tread

Opposites

rise riser

Word family

Derived forms autorunfirst-runforerunfowl-runfreerunmisrunmoonrunoutrunpayrunprerunpressrunrerun

Related forms gait journey quickly rush speedy trajectory walk way

Appears in

Phrases (27)

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running water
water supplied continuously through pipes to a building

Adjective + noun
go running
to run outdoors as a form of regular exercise

Verb + noun
run a business
to manage and operate a company on a daily basis

Verb + noun
run a check
carry out a systematic search or verification, often using a database or system

Verb + noun
run a club
manage and organize the activities of a club

Verb + noun
run a group
organize and manage a group on a regular basis

Verb + noun

Idioms (14)

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dry run
a full practice session of a process, done for real except in name
give someone a run for their money
to compete nearly as well as a much stronger opponent, forcing them to work hard for victory
hit the ground running
to start a new job or project with immediate energy and effectiveness, without needing a slow start
in the long run
over a long period of time; eventually
in the short run
over a short period of time; in the near future
run in the family
to be a trait shared by members of a family

Proverbs (15)

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Tongue twisters (1)

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Rough and Rugged Rocks
Around the rough and rugged rocks the ragged rascal ran.

Repeat rough and rugged, then ragged rascal, before joining the sentence. Keep the initial /ɹ/ consistent and distinguish the vowels of r...

Simplified etymology

Run is an Old English word of Anglo-Saxon origin. Its many later uses include nautical expressions such as “run foul of” and “run high,” while the run in “run-of-the-mill” originally meant the unsorted output of a mill.

Etymology

From Middle English runnen, rennen (“to run”), alteration (due to the past participle runne, runnen, yronne) of Middle English rinnen (“to run”), from Old English rinnan, iernan (“to run”) and Old Norse rinna (“to run”), both from Proto-Germanic *rinnaną (“to run”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₃reyH- (“to boil, churn”). Cognate with Scots rin (“to run”), West Frisian rinne (“to walk, march”), archaic Dutch rinnen (“to flow”, still in geronnen), German rinnen (“to flow”), Swedish rinna (“to flow”), and Icelandic renna (“to flow”). From the causative Proto-Germanic *rannijaną (“to make run”) are…

*h₃er- Proto-Indo-European runnen Middle English rinnan Old English rinna Old Norse *rinnaną Proto-Germanic *h₃reyH- Proto-Indo-European

View etymology graph ->

Topics

Verbs of Movement

External links

# run

**Type:** Word
**Level:** A1
**Part of speech:** verb, noun
**IPA (US):** /rʌn/
**IPA (UK):** /ɹʌn/
**Frequency rank:** 314

## Meanings
1. To move quickly on foot, faster than walking.
2. To manage or be in charge of a business or organization.
3. To operate, or to make a machine operate.
4. An act of running, especially for exercise or sport.
5. A continuous period during which something happens or is performed.

## Examples
- She had to run to catch the bus.
- He runs a small restaurant in the city center.
- The engine runs smoothly now that it has been repaired.
- I go for a run every morning before work.
- The play had a long run on Broadway.

## Synonyms
- execute
- gallop
- ladder
- start
- tread

## Antonyms
- rise
- riser

## Derived Forms
- autorun
- first-run
- forerun
- fowl-run
- freerun
- misrun
- moonrun
- outrun
- payrun
- prerun
- pressrun
- rerun

## Related Forms
- gait
- journey
- quickly
- rush
- speedy
- trajectory
- walk
- way

## Roots and Affixes
- Root: *h₃er-
- Root: runnen
- Root: rinnan
- Root: rinna
- Root: *rinnaną
- Root: *h₃reyH-

## Etymology
From Middle English runnen, rennen (“to run”), alteration (due to the past participle runne, runnen, yronne) of Middle English rinnen (“to run”), from Old English rinnan, iernan (“to run”) and Old Norse rinna (“to run”), both from Proto-Germanic *rinnaną (“to run”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₃reyH- (“to boil, churn”). Cognate with Scots rin (“to run”), West Frisian rinne (“to walk, march”), archaic Dutch rinnen (“to flow”, still in geronnen), German rinnen (“to flow”), Swedish rinna (“to flow”), and Icelandic renna (“to flow”). From the causative Proto-Germanic *rannijaną (“to make run”) are…

## AI Etymology
Run comes from Middle English runnen, rennen (“to run”), alteration (due to the past participle runne, runnen, yronne) of Middle English rinnen (“to run”), from Old English rinnan, iernan (“to run”) and Old Norse rinna (“to run”), both from Proto-Germanic *rinnaną (“to run”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₃reyH- (“to boil, churn”). Cognate with Scots rin (“to run”), West Frisian rinne (“to walk, march”), archaic Dutch rinnen (“to flow”, still in geronnen), German rinnen (“to flow”), Swedish rinna (“to flow”), and Icelandic renna (“to flow”). Modern senses include to move quickly on foot, faster than walking. and to manage or be in charge of a business or organization.. The wider word family includes derivatives such as autorun, first-run, forerun, fowl-run, freerun, and misrun and related forms such as gait, journey, quickly, and rush.

## Topics
- Verbs of Movement

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run

Meanings

Verb forms

Multiword verbs with run

Thesaurus

Appears in

Phrases (27)

Idioms (14)

Proverbs (15)

Tongue twisters (1)

Simplified etymology

Etymology

Topics

External links

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