although

A2 Topic:Grammar & Function Words

US /ɔlˈðoʊ/ UK /ɔːlˈðəʊ/ See IPA manual

Freq #1388

Meanings

1

conj
In spite of the fact that; even though.

Although it was very muddy, the football game went on.
2

conj
But; however.

It was difficult, although not as difficult as we had expected.

Thesaurus

Synonyms

1 conj · in spite of the fact that;... thougheven though

2 conj · but; however. but

More albeit

Word family

Related forms though

Etymology

Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *h₂el-der.? Proto-Indo-European *h₂elnós Proto-Germanic *allaz Proto-West Germanic *all Old English eall Proto-Indo-European *to-der. Proto-Indo-European *-weder. Proto-Germanic *þau Proto-Indo-European *-kʷeder. Proto-Germanic *-hw Proto-Germanic *þauh Proto-West Germanic *þauh Old English þēah Old English Middle English althagh English although From Middle English althagh, from Old English compound of eall (“all (emphatic)”) + þēah (“though”). By surface analysis, al(l) + though.

althagh Middle English

View etymology graph ->

Topics

Grammar & Function Words

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# although

**Type:** Word
**Level:** A2
**Part of speech:** conj
**IPA (US):** /ɔlˈðoʊ/
**IPA (UK):** /ɔːlˈðəʊ/
**Frequency rank:** 1388

## Meanings
1. In spite of the fact that; even though.
2. But; however.

## Examples
- Although it was very muddy, the football game went on.
- It was difficult, although not as difficult as we had expected.

## Synonyms
- albeit

## Related Forms
- though

## Roots and Affixes
- Root: althagh

## Etymology
Etymology tree Proto-Indo-European *h₂el-der.? Proto-Indo-European *h₂elnós Proto-Germanic *allaz Proto-West Germanic *all Old English eall Proto-Indo-European *to-der. Proto-Indo-European *-weder. Proto-Germanic *þau Proto-Indo-European *-kʷeder. Proto-Germanic *-hw Proto-Germanic *þauh Proto-West Germanic *þauh Old English þēah Old English Middle English althagh English although From Middle English althagh, from Old English compound of eall (“all (emphatic)”) + þēah (“though”). By surface analysis, al(l) + though.

## AI Etymology
Although is from Middle English althagh, from Old English compound of eall (“all (emphatic)”) plus þēah (“though”). By surface analysis, al(l) plus though. The formation is semantically transparent: the parts remain visible, while the compound or affix fixes the grammatical role and narrows the modern meaning. In use as a conj, although denotes in spite of the fact that; even though and but; however. The same word family continues in related entries such as though.

## Topics
- Grammar & Function Words

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