citation

C1 Topic:People & Society

US /ˌsaɪˈteɪʃən/ UK /ˌsaɪˈteɪʃn̩/ See IPA manual

noun Freq #23185

Meanings

1

noun
A short note that credits the source of information or a quotation.

The student's essay failed to list several important citations.
2

noun
A passage or phrase that is quoted from another text.

He opened his speech with a citation from Shakespeare.
3

noun
An official award or public statement praising someone for bravery or service.

The soldier received a citation for his courage in battle.
4

noun
An official order requiring a person to appear in court.

The driver was given a citation for speeding.

Thesaurus

Synonyms

1 noun · a short note that credits... credit

2 noun · a passage or phrase that is... quotation

3 noun · an official award or public... commendation

4 noun · an official order requiring... summonssubpoena

Word family

Forms citations

Derived forms autocitationcitationalcitationlessco-citationmetacitationmiscitationovercitationself-citationundercitation

Related forms attestation cite

Etymology

From Middle English citacioun, from Old French citation, from Latin citātiō. By surface analysis, cite + -ation.

*keyh₂- Proto-Indo-European citacioun Middle English citation Old French citatio Latin

View etymology graph ->

Topics

People & Society Law & Government Word Formation & Derivatives

# citation

**Type:** Word
**Level:** C1
**Part of speech:** noun
**IPA (US):** ˌsaɪˈteɪʃən
**IPA (UK):** ˌsaɪˈteɪʃn̩
**Frequency rank:** 23185

## Meanings
1. A short note that credits the source of information or a quotation.
2. A passage or phrase that is quoted from another text.
3. An official award or public statement praising someone for bravery or service.
4. An official order requiring a person to appear in court.

## Examples
- The student's essay failed to list several important citations.
- He opened his speech with a citation from Shakespeare.
- The soldier received a citation for his courage in battle.
- The driver was given a citation for speeding.

## Derived Forms
- autocitation
- citational
- citationless
- co-citation
- metacitation
- miscitation
- overcitation
- self-citation
- undercitation

## Related Forms
- attestation
- cite

## Roots and Affixes
- Root: *keyh₂-
- Root: citacioun
- Root: citation
- Root: citatio

## Etymology
From Middle English citacioun, from Old French citation, from Latin citātiō. By surface analysis, cite + -ation.

## AI Etymology
Citation is from Middle English citacioun, from Old French citation, from Latin citātiō. By surface analysis, cite + -ation. The analysis is mainly morphological: the modern nominal form is built from the named base and affix. In present-day use, it can mean a short note that credits the source of information or a quotation, or a passage or phrase that is quoted from another text. Related forms include attestation, cite. Derived formations include autocitation, citational, citationless, co-citation, metacitation.

## Topics
- People & Society
- Law & Government
- Word Formation & Derivatives

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