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Simplified etymology
Cauliflower is a modified form of Italian cavoli fiori, literally “cabbage flowers.” Italian cavoli comes from Latin caulis, “cabbage”; early English forms such as colieflorie and cole-flory were influenced by cole, another word for cabbage, before the spelling was reshaped to resemble the Latin root.
Etymology
From an early English form such as cole-florye, combining cole ("cabbage"), from Latin caulis, with flower. The spelling was later reshaped under the influence of Latin caulis and English flower; compare French chou-fleur and Italian cavolfiore.