Cork is from Spanish 'corcho' ('cork, bark'), from Latin 'cortex' ('bark of a tree'). The verb 'to stopper' derives from the noun. The ancestry passes through Spanish corcho and Latin cortex. In present use as noun and verb, it means "the buoyant bark of the cork oak, used to stopper bottles", keeping the historical formation close to the word's ordinary semantic work. Related words include uncork; derived forms include corker, corkage, corkscrew, and corked. The surrounding word family keeps the same base visible in corker, corkage, corkscrew, corked, and uncork, showing how the headword belongs to a larger cluster rather than standing alone.