Materials & Substances
Metals, liquids, chemicals, fabrics, and what things are made of.
546 words
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Some words in this topic are A2–C2 — part of Pro. A1 words are always free.
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cannon
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/ˈkæn.ən/
a large heavy gun for firing metal balls or shells
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lantern
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/ˈlæ̝ntɚn/
An open structure of light material set upon a roof, to give light and air to the interior.
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flannel
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/ˈflænəl/
A soft cloth material originally woven from wool, today often combined with cotton or synthetic fibers.
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rivet
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/ˈɹɪvət/
a metal pin fastened by hammering one end flat
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solder
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/ˈsɑd.ɚ/
an alloy, usually of lead and tin, used when melted to join two metal surfaces
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lambswool
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/ˈlæmz.wʊl/
soft wool or woolen fabric from the first shearing of young sheep
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trousering
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/ˈtraʊ.zɚ.ɪŋ/
cloth suitable for making trousers, especially material sold or discussed for that purpose
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linsey-woolsey
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/ˌlɪnziˈwʊlzi/
a coarse, sturdy fabric woven with a linen or cotton warp and a woolen weft
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germplasm
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/ˈdʒɝːmˌplæzəm/
the hereditary material of a species or breeding line, especially as transmitted through reproductive cells
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spilth
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/spɪlθ/
Spillage; spilled material
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alloy
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/ˈælɔɪ/
a metal made by combining two or more elements
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impurity
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/ɪmˈpjʊrəti/
a contaminating substance, or the state of being impure
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billy
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/ˈbɪli/
a metal cooking pot or pail used over a campfire; also a short club
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consistence
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/kənˈsɪstəns/
the degree of firmness or density of a substance; consistency
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foodstuff
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/ˈfudˌstʌf/
any substance used or suitable as food
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mat
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/mæt/
a piece of coarse fabric for the floor; also to become tangled
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textile
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/ˈtɛkstaɪl/
a type of cloth or woven fabric
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adhesive
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/ədˈhiːsɪv/
a substance used to stick objects together; sticky
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affluence
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/ˈæfluəns/
an abundance of wealth or material possessions
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precipitant
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/prɪˈsɪpɪtənt/
a substance causing a precipitate; acting with sudden haste
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scoop
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/skup/
a utensil for lifting loose material, or an exclusive news story
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tierce
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/tɪrs/
a third in fencing, music, or cards; an old liquid measure of a cask
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adulterant
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/əˈdʌltərənt/
a substance added to dilute or debase something, especially a foodstuff
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agonist
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/ˈæɡənɪst/
a contender or protagonist; (pharmacology) a substance that triggers a response
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alcoholicity
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/ˌælkəhɔˈlɪsəti/
the degree or strength of alcoholic content in a liquid
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coating
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/ˈkoʊtɪŋ/
a thin layer of substance spread over a surface
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contaminant
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/kənˈtæmənənt/
a substance that pollutes or makes something impure
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dyestuff
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/ˈdaɪˌstʌf/
a material yielding a dye, especially a synthetic coloring agent
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flooring
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/ˈflɔrɪŋ/
the material used to make the floor of a room
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fodder
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/ˈfɑdɚ/
food for livestock; also raw material readily used for a purpose
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glue
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/ɡlu/
an adhesive substance for joining things; to stick fast
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hydrometeor
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/ˌhaɪdroʊˈmitiɚ/
any atmospheric water in liquid or solid form, such as rain, snow, or fog
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insulation
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/ˌɪnsəˈleɪʃən/
material used to prevent the passage of heat, sound, or electricity
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medicament
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/məˈdɪkəmənt/
a substance used in medical treatment; a medicine
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mound
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/maʊnd/
a rounded heap or pile of earth or other material
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mutation
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/mjuˈteɪʃən/
a change in form or structure, especially a heritable change in genetic material
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shard
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/ʃɑrd/
a sharp fragment of broken pottery, glass, or other brittle material
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spout
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/spaʊt/
a tube or lip for pouring liquid; to eject liquid forcibly
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stratum
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/ˈstreɪtəm/
a layer of material, especially rock, or a level of society
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ticking
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/ˈtɪkɪŋ/
the rhythmic sound of a clock; strong fabric for mattress covers
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torrent
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/ˈtɔrənt/
a strong, fast-moving stream of water or other liquid
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veil
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/veɪl/
a piece of fine fabric worn to conceal or protect the face
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amalgam
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/əˈmælɡəm/
a blend or mixture, especially an alloy of mercury with another metal
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bead
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/bid/
a small pierced ball strung as ornament; also a drop of liquid
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bedrock
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/ˈbɛdˌrɑk/
the solid rock beneath soil; figuratively, a fundamental basis
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blot
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/blɑt/
a dark stain or spot; to stain or to soak up liquid
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buttermilk
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/ˈbʌtɚˌmɪlk/
the tangy liquid left after churning butter, used in baking
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clunk
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/klʌŋk/
a dull heavy sound, as of metal striking metal
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counterpoison
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/ˈkaʊntɚˌpɔɪzən/
a substance that neutralizes a poison; an antidote
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cowling
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/ˈkaʊlɪŋ/
a removable metal cover over an engine, especially an aircraft's
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dissolvent
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/dɪˈzɑlvənt/
a substance capable of dissolving another; a solvent
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excitant
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/ɪkˈsaɪtənt/
a substance or agent that stimulates a bodily function
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firmament
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/ˈfɜrməmənt/
the vault of the sky regarded as a solid expanse; the heavens
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flatus
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/ˈfleɪtəs/
gas generated in the stomach or intestines
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fluff
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/flʌf/
soft light downy material; trivial or inconsequential content
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grillwork
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/ˈɡrɪlˌwɚk/
ornamental work made of crossed metal bars
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herbicide
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/ˈhɜːrbəˌsaɪd/
a chemical substance used to destroy unwanted plants
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impregnant
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/ɪmˈprɛɡnənt/
a substance used to impregnate or saturate something
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inhibitor
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/ɪnˈhɪbɪtɚ/
a substance or agent that slows or prevents a reaction or process
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insecticide
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/ɪnˈsɛktəˌsaɪd/
a substance used to kill insects
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leakage
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/ˈlikɪdʒ/
the gradual escape of a fluid, gas, or information through a flaw or opening
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lox
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/lɑks/
brine-cured salmon; also liquid oxygen
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paving
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/ˈpeɪvɪŋ/
the hard surface material of a road, path, or area
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quart
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/kwɔrt/
a unit of liquid measure equal to two pints
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sacking
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/ˈsækɪŋ/
coarse fabric used to make sacks; dismissal from a job; plunder of a place
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slop
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/slɑp/
spilled or unappetizing liquid food; to spill carelessly
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spike
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/spaɪk/
a thin pointed piece of metal, or a sharp sudden increase
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swarf
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/swɔrf/
the fine chips or filings produced by machining or grinding metal
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thatch
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/θætʃ/
straw or reeds used to make a roof; to roof with such material
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toxicant
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/ˈtɑksɪkənt/
a poisonous substance, especially a man-made one
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turbine
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/ˈtɜːrbaɪn/
a rotary engine driven by a flow of water, steam, gas, or air
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unguent
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/ˈʌŋɡwənt/
a soft greasy substance used as ointment or for lubrication
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vacuity
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/væˈkjuɪti/
emptiness of mind, content, or space; lack of substance
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waistband
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/ˈweɪst.bænd/
a strip of fabric encircling the waist at the top of trousers or a skirt
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parmacety
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/ˌpɑːr.məˈsiː.ti/
obsolete: spermaceti, the white waxy substance obtained from the head of a sperm whale
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sourcebook
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/ˈsɔrsˌbʊk/
a book that collects primary documents, readings, or reference material on a particular subject
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mundic
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/ˈmʌndɪk/
Cornish and mining usage: pyrite or arsenopyrite, especially when occurring as a sulfurous mineral in an ore
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laetation
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/liːˈteɪʃən/
obsolete: manure or other material used to fertilize soil
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carbonic acid
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/kɑːrˌbɑːnɪk ˈæsɪd/
a weak acid, H2CO3, formed when carbon dioxide dissolves in water
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ash-hopper
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/ˈæʃˌhɑːpɚ/
historical: a large container in which water was passed through wood ashes to make lye
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velarium
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/vɪˈlɛəɹ.i.əm/
historical: a large retractable fabric awning spread over a Roman amphitheatre or theatre to shade spectators
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dogiron
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/ˈdɔɡˌaɪɚn/
historical: an andiron, one of a pair of metal supports for logs in a fireplace
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dissolubility
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/dɪˌsɑljəˈbɪləti/
the capacity of a substance or structure to be dissolved or disintegrated
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flake off
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to come away from a surface in small thin pieces
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