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Simplified etymology
Glacier was borrowed in the mid-18th century through French glacier from a regional French word ultimately derived from Latin glacies, “ice.” The Latin word belongs to the same Indo-European root as cold.
Etymology
Borrowed from French glacier, from Franco-Provençal gllaciér, from Vulgar Latin *glaciārium, a derivative of Latin glaciēs (“ice”), of uncertain origin. First attested in English in 1744 per the OED.