perturbation

C2+ Topic:Describing Qualities

US /ˌpɜrtɚˈbeɪʃən/ UK /ˌpɜːtəˈbeɪʃən/ See IPA manual

noun

Meanings

1

noun
a disturbance or deviation from a normal or expected state

A small perturbation in orbit revealed the hidden planet.

Thesaurus

Synonyms

1 noun · a disturbance or deviation... disturbance disruption agitation upset disquiet unrest deviation fluctuation

Opposites

calm equilibrium stability composure

Word family

Derived forms perturbational

Related forms perturbperturbedturbulence

Etymology

From Old French perturbacion, from Latin perturbationem, from perturbare ('to confuse, disturb'), from per- ('thoroughly') + turbare ('to disturb').

perturbare Latin turbare Latin

View etymology graph ->

Topics

Describing Qualities Word Formation & Derivatives

# perturbation

**Type:** Word
**Level:** C2+
**Part of speech:** noun
**IPA (US):** ˌpɜrtɚˈbeɪʃən
**IPA (UK):** ˌpɜːtəˈbeɪʃən

## Meanings
1. a disturbance or deviation from a normal or expected state

## Examples
- A small perturbation in orbit revealed the hidden planet.

## Synonyms
- disturbance
- disruption
- agitation
- upset
- disquiet
- unrest
- deviation
- fluctuation

## Antonyms
- calm
- equilibrium
- stability
- composure

## Derived Forms
- perturbational

## Related Forms
- perturb
- perturbed
- turbulence

## Roots and Affixes
- Root: perturbare
- Root: turbare

## Etymology
From Old French perturbacion, from Latin perturbationem, from perturbare ('to confuse, disturb'), from per- ('thoroughly') + turbare ('to disturb').

## AI Etymology
Perturbation comes from Old French perturbacion, from Latin perturbationem, from perturbare ('to confuse, disturb'), from per- ('thoroughly') + turbare ('to disturb'). The etymological trail includes Latin perturbare and Latin turbare. As a noun, perturbation means a disturbance or deviation from a normal or expected state. The same family is visible in derived forms such as perturbational and related forms such as perturb, perturbed, and turbulence. Morphologically, the word is built from the elements named in its history, so the modern form preserves a visible compound, prefix, or suffix structure.

## Topics
- Describing Qualities
- Word Formation & Derivatives

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perturbation

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