Surmount comes from Old French surmonter ('to rise above, overcome'), from sur- ('over', from Latin super) + monter ('to mount'), from Vulgar Latin *montare, from Latin mons ('mountain'). The historical chain includes Old French surmonter and Latin mons. The quoted older senses, "to rise above, overcome", "over", "to mount", and "mountain", supply the semantic anchors for surmount. The formation is best read as compound and borrowed: the word surmount carries its older form-history into a compact English lexical shape. In present English it is used as a verb, "to overcome a difficulty or rise above an obstacle". English derivatives include surmountable, surmounted, and surmounting; related English forms include mount, amount, and paramount. The result is a verb whose etymology preserves both the older form and the later English specialization.