Materials & Substances

carbolic C2

/kɑrˈbɑlɪk/ phenol, especially when used as an antiseptic or disinfectant M S

crag C2

/kɹæɡ/ A rocky outcrop; a rugged steep cliff or rock. M S

reagent C2

/riˈeɪ.dʒənt/ a substance or mixture used to cause, detect, measure, or investigate a chemical reaction M S

sackcloth C2

/ˈsækˌklɔθ/ a coarse, rough fabric like the material traditionally used for sacks M S

damask C2

/ˈdæməsk/ a rich fabric whose woven pattern is visible through contrasting textures, often reversible M S

chloral C2

/ˈklɔːr.əl/ a pungent, colorless oily aldehyde, CCl3CHO, used to make chloral hydrate and other chemicals M S

silicate C2

/ˈsɪlɪkət/ chemistry: a salt or ester derived from a silicic acid and containing silicon and oxygen M S

amine C2

/əˈmiːn/ a compound derived from ammonia by replacing hydrogen atoms by univalent hydrocarbon radicals M S

chintz C2

/tʃɪnts/ a printed cotton fabric, often glazed and decorated with brightly colored floral patterns M S

clinker C2

/ˈklɪŋ.kɚ/ a hard, stony lump of fused ash left after coal or other fuel has burned M S

vitreous C2

/ˈvɪtriəs/ made of, resembling, or having the qualities of glass M S

amyl C2

/ˈæ.mɪl/ a hydrocarbon radical that occurs in many organic compounds M S

ambergris C2

/ˈæm.bɚ.ɡɹɪs/ a waxy substance formed in the digestive tract of a sperm whale and historically prized as a perfume fixative M S

bismuth C2

/ˈbɪz.məθ/ the chemical element with symbol Bi and atomic number 83, a dense, brittle, crystalline metal that is silvery white with a pink tinge M S

sunstone C2

/ˈsʌnˌstoʊn/ a gem variety of feldspar whose reflective inclusions often produce a glittering optical effect called aventurescence M S

buckskin C2

/ˈbʌkˌskɪn/ soft, strong leather traditionally made from deerskin and now also from sheepskin M S

feldspar C2

/ˈfɛldˌspɑr/ any mineral in a major group of rock-forming aluminosilicates containing potassium, sodium, or calcium M S

coagulate C2

/koʊˈæɡ.jə.leɪt/ to change from a liquid to a thickened or solid state M S

malachite C2

/ˈmæl.əˌkaɪt/ a bright green copper carbonate mineral used as an ore, pigment, and ornamental stone M S

gabardine C2

/ˈɡæbɚdiːn/ a firm, tightly woven fabric with a smooth face and a prominent diagonal twill, used especially for suits and coats M S

flinders C2

/ˈflɪndɚz/ small broken pieces, splinters, or fragments, especially after something has been smashed M S

skein C2

/skeɪn/ a length of yarn or thread wound into a loose, elongated coil M S

astrakhan C2

/æs.trəˈkæn/ the tightly curled black or gray fleece of a young karakul lamb, used as fur M S

crystallization C2

/ˌkɹ̠ɪstəlaɪˈzeɪʃən/ The process of becoming clear, definite, or precise. M S

tritium C2

/ˈtɹɪt.i.əm/ a radioactive isotope of hydrogen whose nucleus contains one proton and two neutrons; symbol 3H or T M S

cowhide C2

/ˈkaʊˌhaɪd/ strong leather made from the skin of a cow M S

catgut C2

/ˈkætˌɡʌt/ a tough cord made from the cleaned and twisted intestines of animals, usually sheep, formerly used for musical strings, racket strings, and surgical sutures M S

merino C2

/məˈɹinoʊ/ The fabric made from this wool (or from any similar yarn). M S

whalebone C2

/ˈweɪlˌboʊn/ baleen, the flexible keratin plates in certain whales' mouths that filter food from water M S

papier-mâché C2

/ˌpeɪ.pɚ məˈʃeɪ/ a moldable material made from paper pulp or strips of paper mixed with glue or paste and hardened when dry M S

travertine C2

/ˈtrævɚˌtin/ a light-colored, often porous form of limestone deposited by mineral springs and used as a building or decorative stone M S

vanadium C2

/vəˈneɪ.di.əm/ the chemical element with symbol V and atomic number 23, a silvery transition metal used chiefly to strengthen steel and in several industrial catalysts M S

molybdenum C2

/məˈlɪb.dɪ.nəm/ the hard, silvery chemical element with symbol Mo and atomic number 42, used especially to strengthen steel alloys M S

freestone C2

/ˈfriːstoʊn/ stone, especially sandstone or limestone, that can be cut and worked easily in any direction M S

oakum C2

/ˈoʊkəm/ loose hemp or jute fiber, traditionally made by untwisting old rope and used with pitch to seal seams M S

carnelian C2

/kɑɹˈniː.li.ən/ a translucent red, orange, or reddish-brown variety of chalcedony used as a gemstone M S

bromine C2

/ˈbroʊ.miːn/ the chemical element with atomic number 35 and symbol Br, a toxic, fuming red-brown halogen that is liquid at room temperature M S

pyrite C2

/ˈpaɪraɪt/ a common brass-yellow mineral consisting of iron disulfide, often mistaken for gold M S

pinchbeck C2

/ˈpɪntʃ.bɛk/ an alloy of copper and zinc formerly used as an imitation of gold M S

mousseline C2

/ˌmuː.səˈliːn/ a very fine, soft, semi-transparent fabric resembling muslin, made from silk, wool, or cotton M S

woodcut C2

/ˈwʊdˌkʌt/ engraving consisting of a block of wood with a design cut into it M S

dreg C2

/dɹɛɡ/ a small amount of sediment or residue left at the bottom of a liquid M S

marl C2

/mɑːrl/ a loose earthy deposit made chiefly of clay and calcium carbonate, often containing shell fragments M S

tole C2

/toʊl/ decorative sheet-metal ware with a painted, lacquered, or enamelled surface M S

baize C2

/beɪz/ a thick, soft woolen cloth resembling felt, often green and used to cover card or billiard tables M S

promethium C2

/prəˈmiː.θi.əm/ the radioactive rare-earth chemical element with symbol Pm and atomic number 61, which has no stable isotopes M S

basaltic C2

/bəˈsɑːl.tɪk/ geology: relating to, formed from, containing, or resembling basalt M S

rhodium C2

/ˈɹoʊ.di.əm/ the rare, hard, silvery-white chemical element with symbol Rh and atomic number 45, belonging to the platinum group M S

oilcloth C2

/ˈɔɪlˌklɔːθ/ cloth coated with oil, resin, or another waterproof material, formerly used for floors, tables, shelves, and coverings M S

sulfurous C2

/ˈsʌl.fjʊr.əs/ containing, resembling, or smelling of sulfur M S

emulsifier C2

/ɪˈmʌlsəˌfaɪɝ/ A substance that helps two liquids mix into a smooth blend and keeps them from separating. M S

verdigris C2

/ˈvɝdəˌɡris/ the blue-green patina that forms on copper, brass, or bronze exposed to air and moisture M S

ormolu C2

/ˈɔɹ.məˌluː/ gilt bronze or brass, especially mercury-gilded decorative mounts used on fine European furniture, clocks, and ornaments M S

porphyry C2

/ˈpɔɹ.fɪ.ɹi/ an igneous rock containing conspicuous large crystals within a much finer-grained groundmass M S

spermaceti C2

/spɚ.məˈsiː.ti/ a white waxy substance from the spermaceti organ in a sperm whale's head, historically used in candles, cosmetics, ointments, and lubricants M S

actinium C2

/ækˈtɪn.i.əm/ the radioactive metallic chemical element with symbol Ac and atomic number 89, the first element of the actinide series M S

nacre C2

/ˈneɪ.kɚ/ the hard, smooth, iridescent substance lining many mollusc shells and forming the outer coating of pearls M S

gneiss C2

/ˈnaɪs/ a coarse-grained metamorphic rock with distinct light and dark mineral bands, commonly formed under high temperature and pressure M S

pasteboard C2

/ˈpeɪstˌbɔrd/ stiff cardboard made by pasting together layers or sheets of paper M S

ammoniac C2

/əˈmoʊ.ni.æk/ relating to, containing, or resembling ammonia M S

broadcloth C2

/ˈbrɔdˌklɔθ/ a dense, smooth woolen cloth, historically woven wider than ordinary cloth and used for fine garments M S

cambric C2

/ˈkeɪmbrɪk/ a fine, closely woven white fabric originally made of linen and now also made of cotton M S

solferino C2

/ˌsoʊlfəˈɹiːnəʊ/ a vivid purplish-red or magenta color, originally the name of an aniline dye M S

selenite C2

/ˈsɛl.əˌnaɪt/ a transparent or translucent crystalline variety of gypsum M S

emulsify C2

/ɪˈmʊlsɪfaɪ/ To mix two liquids that normally separate, such as oil and water, into a smooth blend. M S

technetium C2

/tɛkˈniː.ʃi.əm/ the radioactive metallic chemical element with symbol Tc and atomic number 43, all of whose isotopes are unstable M S

ironstone C2

/ˈaɪ.ɚnˌstoʊn/ an iron-rich sedimentary rock or ore M S

matchwood C2

/ˈmætʃˌwʊd/ wood reduced to small splinters, especially by violent damage M S

bituminous C2

/bɪˈtuːmɪnəs/ containing, resembling, or having the tar-like qualities of bitumen M S

concretion C2

/kənˈkriːʃən/ a hard, often rounded mineral mass formed by material accumulating within sediment or sedimentary rock M S

leathern C2

/ˈlɛðɚn/ made of leather; now chiefly archaic or literary M S

neptunium C2

/nɛpˈtjuːniəm/ the radioactive transuranic chemical element with symbol Np and atomic number 93 M S

cretonne C2

/ˈkriː.tɑːn/ a strong, often printed fabric of cotton, linen, or rayon used especially for curtains, slipcovers, and upholstery M S

viscid C2

/ˈvɪsɪd/ having the sticky properties of an adhesive M S

granule C2

/ˈɡrænjuːl/ a very small grain or particle of a substance M S

leavening C2

/ˈlɛvənɪŋ/ A substance, such as yeast, that makes dough or batter rise. M S

satinwood C2

/ˈsæt.ənˌwʊd/ a smooth, hard, lustrous yellowish wood used for fine furniture, veneers, marquetry, and cabinetwork M S

protactinium C2

/ˌproʊ.tækˈtɪn.i.əm/ the chemical element with symbol Pa and atomic number 91, a dense, silvery, highly radioactive actinide metal with no stable isotopes M S

syenite C2

/ˈsaɪəˌnaɪt/ a coarse-grained intrusive igneous rock composed mainly of alkali feldspar with minerals such as hornblende or biotite and little or no quartz M S

castoreum C2

/kæˈstɔːriəm/ a strong-smelling secretion from a beaver's castor sacs, used in scent marking and historically in medicine and perfumery M S

india-rubber C2

/ˌɪndiə ˈrʌbər/ an old-fashioned name for natural rubber, the elastic waterproof material obtained from plant latex M S

curium C2

/ˈkjʊə.ɹi.əm/ a synthetic radioactive metallic chemical element with atomic number 96 and symbol Cm M S

iodoform C2

/aɪˈoʊ.də.fɔːrm/ a pale yellow crystalline compound, CHI₃, with a strong odor, formerly used as an antiseptic M S

vitrify C2

/ˈvɪtrəˌfaɪ/ to convert a material into glass or a glasslike substance by heat and fusion, or to undergo that change M S

efflorescence C2

/ˌefləˈresəns/ a powdery or crystalline deposit left on a surface when dissolved salts migrate and the water evaporates M S

sleave C2

/sliːv/ archaic: to separate or spread into fine threads, strands, or filaments M S

carborundum C2

/ˌkɑːrbəˈrʌndəm/ silicon carbide, an extremely hard crystalline material used as an abrasive and in industrial ceramics M S

greenstone C2

/ˈɡriːnˌstoʊn/ any of various compact dark-green rocks, especially altered basic igneous rocks such as diabase or diorite M S

emulsification C2

The process of mixing two liquids that normally separate, such as oil and water, into a smooth blend. M S

encrust C2

/ɪnˈkɹʌst/ to cover or become covered with a hard crust or deposited layer M S

fusible C2

/ˈfjuːzəbəl/ capable of being melted or fused by heat M S

siliceous C2

/səˈlɪʃəs/ of, relating to, containing, or resembling silica or a silicate M S

picric C2

/ˈpɪkɹɪk/ designating a type of bitter yellow acid. M S

aragonite C2

/əˈræɡəˌnaɪt/ an orthorhombic mineral form of calcium carbonate, denser than calcite and common in shells, pearls, coral skeletons, and some cave deposits M S

fermium C2

/ˈfɜːɹmiəm/ a synthetic radioactive chemical element with atomic number 100 and symbol Fm M S

bombazine C2

/ˌbɑmbəˈzin/ a twilled fabric traditionally made with a silk warp and worsted weft, often dyed black for mourning clothes M S