Grammar & Function Words

you A1

/jə/ The person or people being spoken to, as the subject of a sentence. M S

I A1

/aɪ/ The word a speaker or writer uses to refer to themselves as the subject of a sentence. M S

the A1

/ðə/ Used before a noun to refer to a specific person or thing already known or mentioned. M S

to A1

/tuː/ In the direction of; so as to reach a place. M S

a A1

/æɪ/ used before a noun to refer to one person or thing that is not specific or not already known M S

it A1

/ɪt/ Used to refer to a thing, animal, or idea already mentioned M S

and A1

/ænd/ Used to join two words, phrases, or sentences that are taken together. M S

that A1

/ðət/ Used to introduce a clause stating what someone says, thinks, or believes. M S

of A1

/ʌv/ Belonging to or connected with someone or something. M S

is A1

/ɪz/ Third-person singular present tense of be M S

in A1

/ən/ Inside a place, container, or area. M S

what A1

/wʌt/ Used to ask for information about a thing or situation. M S

we A1

/wi/ Used by a speaker to refer to themselves and one or more other people. M S

me A1

/mi/ The form of 'I' used as the object of a verb or preposition. M S

this A1

/ðɪs/ Referring to a person or thing that is here or nearby. M S

he A1

/ˈhiː/ Used to refer to a male person or animal already mentioned or known. M S

for A1

/fɔɹ/ Intended to belong to or be given to someone. M S

my A1

/maɪ/ Belonging to or connected with me. M S

on A1

/ɔn/ Working, active, or switched to operate. M S

have A1

/hæv/ To own or possess something. M S

your A1

/jɔː(ɹ)/ Belonging to or connected with you. M S

do A1

/də/ To carry out or perform an action or task. M S

was A1

/wəz/ Past tense of "be" used with I, he, she, or it. M S

no A1

/no/ Used to give a negative answer or to refuse or disagree. M S

not A1

/nɑt/ Used to make a word or sentence negative. M S

be A1

/biː/ Used to describe or identify someone or something. M S

are A1

/ə(ɹ)/ Present tense form of 'be' used with you, we, and they. M S

can A1

/kən/ To be able to do something. M S

with A1

/wɪð/ In the company of someone or something. M S

but A1

/ˈbʌt/ Used to introduce something that contrasts with what has just been said. M S

all A1

/ɔl/ Every one of a group, with no exceptions. M S

so A1

/soʊ/ To a very great degree or extent. M S

they A1

/ðeɪ/ The people, animals, or things already mentioned. M S

she A1

/ʃi/ Used to refer to a female person or animal mentioned earlier. M S

if A1

/ɪf/ Used to say that something will happen or be true only when another thing happens. M S

about A1

/əˈbɐʊ̯t/ on the subject of; concerning M S

at A1

/æt/ In or near a particular place. M S

him A1

/ˈhɪm/ Used as the object of a verb or preposition to refer to a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned. M S

one A1

/wɐn/ The number 1; the smallest counting number. M S

her A1

/hɛː/ The form of 'she' used as the object of a verb or preposition. M S

how A1

/haʊ/ In what way or by what means. M S

will A1

/wɪl/ Used to talk about the future. M S

as A1

/əz/ While; during the time that something happens. M S

did A1

/dɪd/ Past tense of 'do'; used to talk about an action that already happened. M S

who A1

[hu(ː)] Used to ask about the identity of a person or people. M S

why A1

/wæ/ For what reason or purpose. M S

from A1

/fɹʌm/ Used to show where someone or something comes from. M S

his A1

/ɪ̈z/ Belonging to or connected with a man, boy, or male animal already mentioned. M S

yes A1

/jɛs/ Used to show agreement or to give a positive answer. M S

when A1

/ˈwɛn/ At what time. M S

an A1

/ˈæn/ The form of "a" used before words that begin with a vowel sound; refers to one person or thing not already mentioned. M S

us A1

/əs/ The object form of 'we'; the speaker together with one or more other people. M S

would A1

/wəd/ Used to talk about the result of an imagined or unlikely situation. M S

them A1

/ˈðɛm/ Used to refer to people, animals, or things already mentioned, as the object of a verb or preposition. M S

where A1

/wɛə(ɹ)/ In, at, or to what place. M S

were A1

/wə(ɹ)/ Past tense of 'be' used with you, we, and they. M S

then A1

/ðen/ At that time; in the past or future being talked about. M S

had A1

/hæd/ Past tense and past participle of "have". M S

or A1

/ə(ɹ)/ Used to link alternatives, only one of which need apply. M S

our A1

/ˈaʊə(ɹ)/ Belonging to or connected with us. M S

some A1

/sʌm/ An unspecified amount of something you cannot count. M S

could A1

/kəd/ Was able to (past form of 'can'). M S

by A1

/baɪ/ Used to show who or what does or causes something. M S

something A1

/ˈsʌm.θɪŋ/ A thing that is not named or not known exactly. M S

has A1

/hæz/ Third-person singular present of 'have'; to own, hold, or possess. M S

more A1

/mɔɹ/ A larger number or amount of something. M S

over A1

/ˈoʊ.vɚ/ Finished; ended. M S

because A1

/bɪˈkʌz/ For the reason that; used to explain why something happens. M S

should A1

/ʃəd/ Used to say what is the right or sensible thing to do. M S

am A1

/əm/ First-person singular present of "be". M S

any A1

/æni/ Some amount or number of, used in questions and negatives. M S

much A1

/mʌtʃ/ A large amount of something. M S

these A1

/ðiz/ Plural of this; referring to people or things nearby. M S

into A1

/ˈɪn.tu/ Moving to the inside of a place or thing. M S

anything A1

/ˈɛn.i.θɪŋ/ A thing of any kind; it does not matter what. M S

nothing A1

/ˈnʌt.ɪŋ/ Not anything; no thing. M S

their A1

/ðeɹ/ Belonging to or relating to them. M S

must A1

/məst/ Used to say that something is necessary or required. M S

before A1

/bɪˈfoɹ/ Earlier than a particular time. M S

other A1

/ˈʌðɚ/ Not the same as the one already mentioned; different. M S

after A1

/ˈaftə(ɹ)/ Later in time than; following. M S

than A1

/ðæn/ Used to compare two things or people. M S

those A1

/ðoʊz/ The plural of 'that'; used to point to people or things that are further away or already known. M S

everything A1

/ˈɛv(ə)ɹiˌθɪŋ/ All the things there are, or all the things being talked about. M S

does A1

/dəz/ Third-person singular present of "do". M S

around A1

/əˈɹaʊnd/ Surrounding or on every side of something. M S

which A1

/wɪt͡ʃ/ Used to ask about a particular one or ones from a known group. M S

someone A1

/ˈsʌmˌwən/ A person who is not named or known; somebody. M S

every A1

/ˈɛv.ɹi/ All the members of a group, considered one by one with no exceptions. M S

through A1

/θɹu/ From one side or end of something to the other. M S

May A1

/meɪ/ Used to ask for or give permission. M S

another A1

/əˈnʌð.ə(ɹ)/ One more of the same kind, in addition to what you already have. M S

own A1

/ɑːn/ To have something as your property; to legally possess it. M S

same A1

/seːm/ Not different; exactly alike or identical. M S

else A1

/ɛls/ Other; in addition to or different from what has already been mentioned. M S

many A1

/ˈmɛni/ A large number of (people or things you can count). M S