Health & Medicine

Doctors, treatment, illness, recovery, and staying well.

502 words

# Health & Medicine

**Type:** Topic
**Words:** 502

## About
Doctors, treatment, illness, recovery, and staying well.

## Words by Level

### A1
- doctor - A person who is trained and qualified to treat sick or injured people.
- sick - Not healthy; ill.
- hospital - A place where sick or injured people are treated by doctors and nurses.
- health - The general condition of a person's body and mind.
- nurse - A person trained to care for sick or injured people, usually in a hospital.
- healthy - In good health; not sick or weak.

### A2
- hurt - To cause physical pain or injury to someone.
- medicine - A substance you take to treat or cure an illness.
- patient - Able to stay calm and wait without getting annoyed.
- burn - To be on fire, or to damage or destroy something with fire or heat.
- medical - Relating to medicine or the treatment of illness and injury.
- drug - An illegal substance taken for pleasure that can be addictive, such as cocaine.
- ill - Not in good health; sick.
- negative - Bad, harmful, or unwanted.
- complaint - A statement that you are unhappy or annoyed about something.
- refer - To mention or talk about something or someone.
- pain - An unpleasant physical feeling caused by illness or injury.
- lotion - a liquid or light cream applied to the skin for cosmetic, soothing, or medical purposes

### B1
- treat - To behave towards or deal with someone or something in a particular way.
- operation - A piece of surgery done on the body by a doctor.
- surgery - Medical treatment in which a doctor cuts into the body to repair or remove something.
- suffer - To feel pain, distress, or hardship.
- wound - An injury to the body, such as a cut, where the skin is broken.
- disease - An illness that affects people, animals, or plants.
- treatment - Medical care given for an illness or injury.
- cure - To make an illness or a sick person healthy again.
- ambulance - A vehicle that takes sick or injured people to hospital quickly.
- commit - To do something wrong or illegal, such as a crime.
- clinic - A place where people go for medical treatment, usually without staying overnight.
- surgeon - A doctor who is trained to perform operations on patients.
- heal - To become healthy again after an injury or illness.
- depressed - Feeling very sad and without hope.
- injury - Physical harm or damage done to the body.
- illness - The state of being sick or in bad health.
- radiation - Energy that travels as rays, waves, or particles, such as heat or light.
- infection - An illness caused by harmful germs entering the body.
- recovery - A return to good health after illness or injury.
- examine - To look at something carefully and in detail.
- presentation - A talk in which you show or explain something to a group of people.
- healing - The natural process of the body repairing itself after injury or illness.
- specialist - A person who knows a lot about one particular subject or area of work.
- prescription - A written order from a doctor for a medicine or treatment.
- vet - A doctor who treats sick or injured animals.
- examination - A formal test of knowledge or skill, usually written and taken under timed conditions.
- aspirin - A common drug used to reduce pain, fever, and swelling.
- isolation - The state of being alone or separated from other people
- swollen - Larger than normal, often because of injury or illness.
- mend - To repair something that is broken, torn, or damaged.
- remedy - A medicine or treatment that cures an illness or relieves pain.
- orderly - Neat, tidy, and well arranged.
- dangerously - In a way that could cause harm or injury.
- symptom - A sign of an illness that a person feels or notices, such as pain or a fever.
- deficiency - A lack of something needed, especially something essential to good health.
- portal - a grand and imposing entrance (often extended metaphorically)
- toothpick - a small thin pointed stick used to remove food from between the teeth
- sunburn - red, sore, or damaged skin caused by too much exposure to sunlight
- transplant - to move an organ, tissue, or living cells to another part of a body or into another body
- potion - a drink believed to have medicinal, magical, or poisonous effects
- infirmary - a room, ward, or clinic within an institution where sick or injured people receive care
- pimple - a small inflamed raised spot on the skin, often containing pus
- serum - the clear, pale fluid that remains after blood has clotted and blood cells and clotting proteins have been removed
- sinus - one of the air-filled cavities in the bones around the nose and eyes that connect with the nasal passages

### B2
- therapy - Treatment intended to cure or relieve a health problem.
- procedure - A fixed series of steps for doing something correctly.
- coma - A deep, prolonged state of unconsciousness, usually caused by serious injury or illness.
- nursing - The job or skill of caring for sick or injured people as a nurse.
- physician - A medical doctor, especially one who treats illness with medicine rather than surgery.
- immune - Protected against a disease, so you cannot catch it.
- consultant - An expert who is paid to give professional advice.
- vaccine - A substance given to people or animals to protect them from a particular disease.
- indication - A sign that something exists, is true, or may happen.
- pneumonia - A serious illness in which the lungs become inflamed, usually caused by an infection.
- screening - The process of testing or checking people or things to find any with a particular feature or problem.
- malaria - A serious disease spread by mosquito bites that causes fever and chills.
- paramedic - A person trained to give emergency medical care, often before a patient reaches hospital.
- prescribe - To officially tell a patient to use a particular medicine or treatment.
- penicillin - An antibiotic medicine made from mould, used to treat infections caused by bacteria.
- transfusion - The process of putting blood from one person into the body of another, usually during medical treatment.
- chemotherapy - The treatment of cancer using strong chemicals or drugs.
- tuberculosis - A serious infectious disease that mainly attacks the lungs, causing coughing, fever, and weight loss.
- prevention - The act of stopping something bad from happening.
- polio - A serious infectious disease, mainly affecting children, that can damage the nerves and cause paralysis.
- inflammation - A red, hot, painful, and swollen part of the body, caused by injury or infection.
- typhoid - A serious infectious disease that causes fever and severe stomach illness, spread through contaminated food or water.
- radium - A radioactive metal element (symbol Ra) that glows and was once used in medicine.
- elective - Not required; chosen freely.
- outpatient - A patient who is treated at a hospital but does not stay there overnight.
- untreated - Not given medical care
- intravenous - Going into or carried through a vein.
- malady - An illness or disease, especially one that lasts a long time.
- diphtheria - A serious infectious disease that affects the throat and breathing.
- preventive - Intended to stop something bad, especially illness, from happening.
- antibacterial - Killing bacteria or stopping them from growing.
- hospitalize - To take someone into a hospital for treatment.
- health care
- undigested - not digested
- smallpox - a formerly widespread, often fatal infectious disease caused by variola virus and marked by fever and a pustular rash
- sicken - to become ill
- pathology - the branch of medicine that studies the causes, development, and effects of disease
- digestive - relating to the process or organs by which food is broken down and absorbed
- nosebleed - an occasion when blood flows from the nose
- indigestion - pain or discomfort in the upper abdomen, often after eating and sometimes accompanied by bloating, nausea, belching, or heartburn
- hangover - unpleasant physical or mental effects, such as headache, nausea, and fatigue, felt after drinking too much alcohol
- overdose - an excessive and potentially dangerous or fatal amount of a drug or medicine
- light-headed - dizzy, faint, or mentally unsteady
- diabetes - diabetes mellitus, a group of metabolic disorders marked by persistently high blood glucose because insulin is absent or ineffective
- insulin - a hormone produced by pancreatic beta cells that regulates blood glucose and other aspects of metabolism
- deathbed - the bed in which a person is dying or has died
- flatulence - the presence or release of excessive gas in the digestive system
- colic - severe, often spasmodic pain in the abdomen, especially pain arising from the intestines
- gargle - to wash the mouth or throat by holding liquid there and forcing air through it
- frostbite - injury and possible destruction of body tissue caused by exposure to severe cold
- indigestible - difficult or impossible for the body to digest
- disinfectant - a chemical or other agent used on surfaces or objects to destroy or inactivate harmful microorganisms
- floss - a thin, soft thread used to clean between the teeth
- hormone - a chemical messenger produced in one part of an organism and carried to other cells or tissues, where it regulates their activity

### C1
- psychiatrist - A medical doctor who specializes in treating mental illness.
- asylum - Protection given by a country to someone who has fled danger in their own country.
- surgical - Relating to or used in surgery.
- diagnosis - The act of identifying a disease or medical condition, or the conclusion reached.
- psychiatric - Relating to mental illness and its treatment.
- intervention - The act of becoming involved in a situation in order to change or help it.
- clinical - Relating to the treatment of patients in a clinic or hospital.
- traumatic - Deeply shocking and emotionally painful.
- gruesome - Extremely unpleasant and shocking, usually involving death, injury, or blood.
- damaging - Causing harm or injury.
- rehabilitation - The process of helping someone recover health, skills, or a normal life after illness, injury, or addiction.
- complication - A problem or difficulty that makes a situation harder to deal with.
- diagnose - To identify a disease or medical condition from its signs and symptoms.
- symptomatic - Being a sign of a wider, usually bad, situation or problem.
- restorative - Having the power to make you feel healthy, strong, or refreshed again.
- prevalence - The fact of being widespread or common.
- inoculation - the action of immunizing someone against a disease by introducing infective material, microorganisms, or vaccine into the body
- infirmity - physical weakness or illness, especially because of age
- pathological - related to disease or to the study of disease
- deafness - The condition of being deaf; the lack or loss of the ability to hear.
- castrate - to remove or disable the testicles of a person or animal; a clinical and potentially sensitive term
- fetal - relating to a fetus or its development before birth
- ail - to cause someone pain, illness, or persistent trouble, often used in questions
- amputate - to remove all or part of a limb or other body part by surgery
- anemic - affected by or relating to anemia, a deficiency of healthy red blood cells or hemoglobin
- suicidal - relating to suicide, or experiencing thoughts or intentions of ending one's own life
- sterilize - to destroy or remove microorganisms from an object, substance, or place
- postmortem - a medical examination of a body after death to determine the cause of death
- mortuary - a room or building where dead bodies are kept before burial, cremation, or examination
- hemorrhage - a heavy or uncontrolled loss of blood from a damaged blood vessel
- autopsy - a medical examination and dissection of a body after death to determine the cause of death or effects of disease
- vial - a small glass or plastic container, especially one used for medicine, perfume, or a laboratory sample
- longevity - a long life, or the length of time that a person or organism lives
- asphyxiation - the condition of being deprived of enough oxygen to breathe or remain conscious
- mumps - a contagious viral illness, especially of children, that causes fever and painful swelling of the salivary glands
- antiseptic - a substance applied to living tissue to prevent or slow the growth of harmful microorganisms
- vaccination - the process of administering a vaccine to stimulate protection against a disease
- hypodermic - relating to the region beneath the skin, especially to an injection given there
- infusion - the introduction of a new element, quality, or resource that changes or strengthens something
- phial - a small, narrow bottle, especially one used for medicines, chemicals, or other liquids
- anemia - a condition in which the blood has too few red cells or too little hemoglobin to carry oxygen normally
- leukemia - any of a group of cancers of blood-forming tissues that produce abnormal blood cells, often abnormal white cells
- ulceration - the process by which an ulcer forms in skin or a mucous membrane
- miscarry - to lose an embryo or fetus spontaneously before it can survive independently
- cataract - a clouding of the eye's natural lens that impairs vision
- elixir - a mythical or magical liquid believed to cure disease, preserve youth, or prolong life
- sickbed - the bed or bedside place occupied by a person who is ill
- wean - to accustom a baby or young animal gradually to food other than milk and end dependence on nursing
- palliative - relieving pain or other symptoms without curing the underlying disease
- asthma - a long-term respiratory condition in which narrowed, inflamed airways cause wheezing, coughing, chest tightness, or shortness of breath
- bloodshot - of the eyes, reddened because small blood vessels are swollen or more visible
- sedative - a drug that calms a person or reduces nervous system activity, sometimes causing sleep
- ulcer - an open sore on the skin or a mucous membrane in which tissue has been damaged or destroyed
- bedridden - unable to leave one's bed because of illness, injury, age, or weakness
- epileptic - relating to epilepsy or involving seizures caused by epilepsy
- cocaine - an addictive stimulant drug obtained from coca leaves or made synthetically, used illegally and sometimes medically as a local anesthetic
- remittent - medicine: decreasing in severity at intervals without disappearing completely
- veterinary - relating to the medical and surgical treatment of animals
- syphilis - a sexually transmitted bacterial infection caused by Treponema pallidum that can progress through several stages if untreated
- optician - a trained professional who makes, fits, and dispenses glasses or contact lenses from a prescription
- ventral - situated on or directed toward the belly or lower surface of an animal, or the front surface of an upright human body
- inoculate - to introduce a vaccine or antigen into a person or animal in order to produce immunity
- septic - infected with harmful microorganisms, or relating to sepsis
- catheter - a thin flexible tube inserted into the body to permit introduction or withdrawal of fluids or to keep the passageway open
- contusion - an injury that doesn't break the skin but results in some discoloration
- lockjaw - an acute and serious infection of the central nervous system caused by bacterial infection of open wounds
- meningitis - infectious disease characterized by inflammation of the meninges (the tissues that surround the brain or spinal cord) usually caused by a bacterial infection
- tetanus - a serious infection caused by Clostridium tetani, marked by painful muscle stiffness and spasms
- psychotherapy - the treatment of mental or emotional problems by psychological means
- appendicitis - inflammation of the appendix, typically causing severe pain in the lower right abdomen
- insomnia - persistent difficulty falling asleep, staying asleep, or obtaining restorative sleep
- shivery - prone to shivering or feeling cold

### C2
- antidote - A medicine that stops the harmful effects of a poison.
- succumb - To give in to something you cannot resist, such as pressure, temptation, or desire.
- recuperate - To recover, especially after an illness, injury, or exhaustion.
- hypnotherapy - The use of hypnosis to treat illness or psychological problems.
- recuperation - The process of recovering one's health gradually after illness or injury.
- indolent - Habitually lazy and avoiding any kind of work or effort.
- recuperative - Helping someone recover their health or strength.
- spasmodic - happening suddenly and irregularly in short bursts
- cleanliness - diligence in keeping clean
- valvular - relating to or operating by means of valves
- analgesia - The inability to feel pain.
- analgesic - Any medicine, such as aspirin, that reduces pain, especially without inducing a loss of other sensation. (Contrast anesthetic.)
- anodyne - capable of relieving pain
- convalescent - returning to health after illness or debility
- deplete - To reduce the amount of; to remove (a substance from something)
- dolorous - Solemnly or ponderously sad.
- gadfly - A person who takes without giving back; a bloodsucker.
- grouse - To complain or grumble.
- innervate - stimulate to action
- interloper - One who interferes, intrudes or gets involved where not welcome, particularly a self-interested intruder.
- internecine - characterized by bloodshed and carnage for both sides
- intransigent - Unwilling to compromise or moderate a position; unreasonable.
- miasma - unhealthy vapors rising from the ground or other sources
- microcosm - The human body; a person.
- mollify - To ease a burden, particularly to ease a worry; make less painful; to comfort.
- paroxysm - a sudden uncontrollable attack
- pathogenic - Able to cause (harmful) disease.
- phlegmatic - Not easily excited to action or passion; calm; sluggish.
- placebo - A dummy medicine containing no active ingredients; an inert treatment.
- quiescent - causing no pathological symptoms
- salutary - Effecting or designed to effect an improvement; remedial.
- sangfroid - Composure, self-possession or imperturbability especially when in a dangerous situation.
- scurvy - Of a person or thing: disgustingly mean; contemptible, despicable, low.
- somatic - Part of, or relating to the body of an organism.
- synergy - The cooperation of two or more nerves, muscles, organs, etc.
- truculent - defiantly aggressive
- loathsome - causing or able to cause nausea
- convulsive - resembling a convulsion in being sudden and violent
- irritable - Easily exasperated or excited.
- chloroform - to anesthetize with chloroform
- bile - a bitter digestive fluid made by the liver and stored in the gallbladder
- convulse - to shake or contract violently in sudden, involuntary movements
- polypus - dated medical: a polyp, especially a growth projecting from a mucous membrane
- acclimatization - the process of becoming adjusted to a new climate, altitude, or other environmental conditions
- measles - a highly contagious viral disease that causes fever, cough, inflamed eyes, and a spreading red rash
- nauseous - feeling sick and likely to vomit; affected by nausea
- panniculus - a thin sheet or layer of bodily tissue, especially a layer beneath the skin
- lozenge - a small medicated tablet or sweet, often used for a sore throat
- apoplexy - dated: sudden unconsciousness or paralysis caused by a stroke or cerebral hemorrhage
- balm - a soothing or medicinal ointment applied to the skin
- distension - the state of being swollen, enlarged, or stretched by pressure from within
- hydrophobia - rabies, especially as formerly named for the painful difficulty in swallowing liquids that it can cause
- palpitate - of the heart: to beat rapidly, strongly, or irregularly, especially from exertion or emotion
- nauseate - to make someone feel sick or as if they are going to vomit
- stertorous - characterized by heavy, noisy breathing that resembles snoring
- suffusion - the spreading of a bodily fluid, especially blood, into surrounding tissue
- opiate - a sedative or narcotic drug containing opium or one of its natural derivatives
- transfuse - to transfer blood or another fluid into a person's or animal's bloodstream
- cicatrize - of a wound, to heal through the formation of scar tissue
- goiter - an abnormal enlargement of the thyroid gland that can cause swelling at the front of the neck
- laudanum - an alcoholic tincture of opium formerly used as a painkiller, sedative, and sleep aid
- ptomaine - any of several amines, such as putrescine or cadaverine, produced when bacteria decompose animal or plant matter
- trephine - a surgical instrument with a cylindrical cutting edge for removing a circular section of bone or other tissue
- morphia - morphine, especially under its older medical name
- nostrum - a medicine of secret or doubtful composition that is promoted as an effective remedy
- stethoscope - a medical instrument used to listen to sounds made by the heart, lungs, and other internal organs
- subcutaneous - situated, occurring, or administered beneath the skin
- therapeutics - the branch of medicine concerned with treating disease and relieving symptoms
- comatose - in a coma or a state of deep, prolonged unconsciousness
- palpitation - a heartbeat that feels unusually rapid, strong, fluttering, or irregular, especially when noticed by the person experiencing it
- footsore - having painful or tired feet, especially after walking a long distance
- albinism - a group of inherited conditions involving little or no production of melanin pigment in the skin, hair, and eyes
- hunchback - a dated and potentially offensive term for a person with a markedly hunched back or kyphosis
- parturition - the process of giving birth to a child or young animal
- speculum - a medical instrument used to hold open a body passage so that its interior can be examined
- amputation - the surgical removal of all or part of a limb or other body part
- gid - a parasitic disease, especially of sheep, in which a tapeworm larva in the brain causes dizziness and circling movements
- scalpel - a small knife with a very sharp blade, used especially in surgery and dissection
- excision - the surgical removal of an organ, tumor, or other body tissue by cutting
- hiccup - an involuntary spasm of the diaphragm followed by a sudden closure of the vocal cords and a short sound
- phlegm - thick mucus produced in the respiratory passages, especially when coughed up
- virulent - able to cause severe disease; highly infectious or harmful
- decoction - a medicinal or herbal liquid made by boiling plant material in water
- gangrene - the death and decay of body tissue, usually caused by loss of blood supply and sometimes complicated by infection
- pharmacopoeia - an official reference work that lists medicines and standards or instructions for their preparation, identification, and use
- sanatorium - an institution providing medical treatment, rest, and supervised recovery, especially for chronic illnesses such as tuberculosis; chiefly historical
- morbidity - an unhealthy or excessive interest in gloomy or disturbing subjects, especially illness and death
- sprain - to injure a joint by suddenly twisting or stretching its ligaments without dislocating it
- forceps - a medical or surgical instrument with two blades or pincers, used for grasping, holding, or extracting something
- debility - physical or mental weakness, especially weakness caused by illness or age
- malformation - an abnormal shape or structure, especially one arising during bodily development
- contagious - capable of being transmitted from one person or organism to another, especially through direct or indirect contact
- leprous - affected by or relating to leprosy
- consumptive - affected by or characteristic of pulmonary tuberculosis
- hypertrophy - an increase in the size of an organ or tissue caused by enlargement of its cells
- rickets - a childhood disorder in which poor bone mineralization, often from vitamin D deficiency, makes bones soft or deformed
- abrasion - an area of skin scraped or worn away by friction
- sunstroke - heatstroke caused by prolonged exposure to direct sunlight or intense heat
- colchicine - a toxic alkaloid obtained from Colchicum plants and used in controlled doses to treat gout and certain inflammatory conditions
- malarial - relating to, caused by, or affected with malaria
- nearsighted - able to see nearby objects clearly but unable to see distant objects clearly
- steroid - any of a class of organic compounds built around a characteristic structure of four fused carbon rings
- rheumatism - an older, nonspecific term for painful or stiff conditions affecting joints, muscles, or connective tissue
- debilitation - the process of becoming seriously weakened, or a resulting state of weakness and reduced energy
- dietetic - relating to diet, nutrition, or the regulation of food for health
- trepanning - the surgical act or process of boring or cutting an opening in the skull or another hard structure
- anaesthetize - to administer an anaesthetic to a person or animal, making them insensitive to pain or unconscious
- leprosy - a chronic infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae that primarily affects the skin and peripheral nerves; Hansen's disease
- emetic - a substance or medicine that causes vomiting
- dotage - a period or state of old age marked by declining mental ability or judgment
- catarrh - inflammation of a mucous membrane, especially in the nose or throat, accompanied by excessive mucus; now chiefly a dated medical term
- cautery - the medical destruction or sealing of tissue by heat, cold, electricity, or a caustic substance, especially to stop bleeding
- ophthalmia - inflammation of the conjunctiva or eyeball; an older general medical term for inflammatory eye disease
- valetudinarian - a person of weak or sickly health, especially one excessively preoccupied with personal ailments
- excrescence - an abnormal growth or projection on a living body or natural object
- arnica - a plant of the daisy family, especially Arnica montana, traditionally used in herbal remedies
- auscultation - medical examination by listening to sounds within the body, usually with a stethoscope
- dietetics - the science and professional practice of planning diets in relation to health and disease
- invalidism - a chronic condition of illness, frailty, or incapacity that makes someone an invalid
- formulary - an official list of medicines approved for use or covered by a health plan
- engraftment - medicine: the successful incorporation and growth of transplanted cells or tissue in a recipient
- hashish - a concentrated cannabis preparation made from the plant's compressed or purified resin
- locum - chiefly British: a professional, especially a doctor, who temporarily performs another person's duties
- pacemaker - a small implanted electronic device that regulates an abnormal heartbeat
- paresis - slight or partial paralysis; weakness of voluntary movement without complete loss of it
- ophthalmic - relating to the eye, its diseases, or their medical treatment
- poultice - a soft, moist, often heated mass applied to the body to soothe inflammation, pain, or infection
- twinge - a sudden, brief, sharp pain
- typhus - any of a group of acute bacterial diseases caused by Rickettsia and spread by lice, fleas, or mites, typically producing high fever and a rash
- whitlow - a painful infection or inflammation near the end of a finger or toe, especially around or beneath the nail
- quackery - fraudulent or scientifically unsound medical practice, treatment, or advice
- hypochondria - persistent, excessive anxiety that one has or may develop a serious illness; now a nontechnical or dated term
- hypochondriac - a person persistently and excessively anxious about having or developing illness
- oculist - dated: a specialist who diagnoses or treats eye disorders or tests vision
- pastille - a small medicated lozenge sucked to soothe the throat or release medicinal vapors
- dropsical - dated medicine: affected by or relating to dropsy, an abnormal accumulation of fluid in body tissues or cavities
- dyspepsia - pain, discomfort, bloating, nausea, or heartburn arising from the upper digestive tract; indigestion
- congestive - medical: involving or caused by an abnormal accumulation of blood or other fluid
- infertility - the inability or reduced ability of a person, animal, or population to produce offspring
- incontinence - inability to control the bladder or bowels, resulting in involuntary urination or defecation
- expectorate - to cough up and expel phlegm or other material from the lungs or throat
- douche - offensive slang: an unpleasant, contemptible, or obnoxious person
- erethism - an abnormally high degree of irritability or responsiveness to stimulation
- purgative - causing the bowels to empty, or more broadly cleansing something of unwanted matter or emotion
- scarlatina - an older technical name for scarlet fever, an infectious disease marked by fever and a red rash
- scurf - flakes or scales shed from the surface of the skin, especially as dandruff or because of disease
- tapeworm - a long, flat parasitic worm that lives as an adult in the intestine of a human or other vertebrate
- polyp - an abnormal growth projecting from a mucous membrane, such as in the nose or colon
- quinsy - a painful abscess beside a tonsil, usually occurring as a complication of tonsillitis
- wheal - a raised mark or swelling on the skin, especially one caused by a blow, pressure, or an allergic reaction
- chilblain - an itchy, swollen patch of skin caused by an abnormal reaction to cold and damp conditions
- suture - an immovable fibrous joint, especially the seam between bones of the skull
- homeopathic - relating to homeopathy or to remedies prepared according to its principles
- colicky - suffering from colic or repeated abdominal pain
- puna - altitude sickness experienced on the high Andes, marked by symptoms such as breathlessness, headache, or nausea
- polydactylism - the congenital condition of having more than the usual number of fingers or toes
- cholera - an acute intestinal infection caused by Vibrio cholerae, usually spread through contaminated food or water and capable of causing severe watery diarrhea and dehydration
- dysentery - an intestinal infection causing severe diarrhea, often with blood or mucus, abdominal pain, and fever
- cicatrix - a scar formed as fibrous tissue replaces or contracts over a healed wound
- epilepsy - a neurological disorder characterized by an enduring tendency to have recurrent unprovoked seizures
- bezoar - a compact mass of swallowed hair, plant fibre, or other indigestible material formed in a human or animal digestive tract
- mucus - a slippery secretion produced by mucous membranes and some other biological surfaces for protection or lubrication
- tertian - medical, especially of a fever: recurring every other day, or every third day by inclusive counting
- tartar - a hard deposit of mineralized dental plaque that forms on teeth; dental calculus
- hairball - a compact mass of swallowed hair or fur formed in the digestive tract of a person or animal; a trichobezoar
- harelip - dated and sometimes offensive: a cleft lip, a congenital opening or split in the upper lip
- sickroom - a room in which an ill or injured person is cared for or confined while recovering
- glanders - a contagious and sometimes fatal disease of horses, mules, and donkeys, caused by Burkholderia mallei and transmissible to humans
- erysipelas - a bacterial skin infection causing a sharply defined, painful red rash, fever, and swelling
- welt - a raised, often red mark on the skin caused by a blow, pressure, or irritation
- thyroid - an endocrine gland in the neck that produces hormones regulating metabolism, growth, and development
- aphasia - a disorder caused by damage to language areas of the brain that impairs speaking, understanding, reading, or writing
- heroin - a powerful, highly addictive opioid made from morphine, usually illegal and associated with a high risk of overdose and dependence
- myopic - affected by myopia; unable to see distant objects clearly without corrective lenses
- pox - dated, especially in the pox or great pox: syphilis
- aphrodisiac - a food, drug, or other substance believed to increase sexual desire or arousal
- asepsis - the state of being free from disease-causing microorganisms
- childbirth - the process or event of giving birth to a baby at the end of pregnancy
- diuretic - a drug or other substance that increases urine production, often helping the body remove excess salt and water
- mitral - anatomy: relating to the valve between the left atrium and left ventricle of the heart
- herpes - a common lifelong viral infection caused by herpes simplex virus type 1 or type 2, sometimes producing recurring sores around the mouth or genitals
- insula - a region of the cerebral cortex folded deep within the lateral sulcus, involved in integrating bodily sensation, emotion, and other functions
- galactagogue - a drug, food, herb, or other substance believed to stimulate the production of breast milk
- hartshorn - dated: a solution or preparation of ammonia formerly used as smelling salts
- phthisis - dated medicine: a progressive wasting disease, especially pulmonary tuberculosis
- purulent - containing, consisting of, or characterized by pus, usually as a result of infection
- septicaemia - chiefly British: a serious infection involving pathogenic microorganisms in the bloodstream; blood poisoning
- medulla - the medulla oblongata, the lowest part of the brainstem, which helps regulate breathing, heart rate, and other automatic functions
- rectus - any of several relatively straight muscles, usually named more fully for their location, such as the rectus abdominis or rectus femoris
- scabies - a contagious skin infestation caused by itch mites that burrow into the outer skin, producing intense itching and a pimple-like rash
- scrotum - the external pouch of skin and muscle that contains the testes in most male terrestrial mammals
- tragus - the small pointed flap of cartilage immediately in front of the opening of the external ear
- ventricle - either of the two lower chambers of the heart, which receive blood from an atrium and pump it into an artery
- tic - a sudden, rapid, repeated movement or vocal sound that is difficult to control
- tetter - archaic: any of various itching, scaly, blistering, or pustular skin eruptions, without the precision of a modern diagnosis
- pustule - a small raised lesion on the skin containing pus
- scab - a dry crust of blood and tissue that forms over a wound while it heals
- cataleptic - of or having characteristics of or affected with catalepsy
- chorea - any of several degenerative nervous disorders characterized by spasmodic movements of the body and limbs
- exanthem - a widespread skin eruption or rash occurring as a symptom of disease
- exophthalmos - protrusion of the eyeball from the socket
- globus - medicine: a persistent sensation of a lump or tightness in the throat when no physical obstruction is present
- hemiplegia - paralysis of one side of the body
- melancholia - historical psychiatry: a condition of profound depression, often with fear, guilt, slowed thought, or withdrawal
- parturient - In labour, about to give birth, or having recently given birth.
- pathognomonic - so specifically characteristic of a disease or condition that it can establish the diagnosis
- photophobia - abnormal sensitivity or intolerance to light, often causing eye pain or discomfort
- scrofula - dated: tuberculosis of the lymph nodes, especially those of the neck; cervical tuberculous lymphadenitis
- sphygmogram - The recording made by a sphygmograph
- sudorific - That produces sweating.
- tracheotomy - a surgical operation that creates an opening into the trachea with a tube inserted to provide a passage for air
- somnambulist - a person who walks while asleep
- croup - an illness, chiefly in young children, that causes a harsh barking cough and difficulty breathing
- dipsomaniac - a person with an uncontrollable or habitual craving for alcohol; an old-fashioned term
- aphrodisiacal - exciting sexual desire
- colitis - inflammation of the colon
- constipation - a condition in which bowel movements are infrequent or difficult
- mormal - A bad sore; a gangrene or cancer
- neurasthenic - historical medicine: relating to or affected by neurasthenia, a diagnosis involving fatigue, weakness, and nervous symptoms
- pleura - the thin serous membrane around the lungs and inner walls of the chest
- suppurate - ripen and generate pus
- tuberculous - constituting or afflicted with or caused by tuberculosis or the tubercle bacillus
- liniment - a medicinal liquid or lotion rubbed on the skin to ease pain or stiffness
- headachy - suffering from a headache
- dropsy - historical medicine: edema, or swelling caused by excess fluid in body tissues
- nutritive - relating to nutrition or the nourishment of an organism
- pleurisy - inflammation of the pleura around the lungs, typically causing sharp pain during breathing
- dementia - a syndrome involving progressive decline in memory, reasoning, language, or other cognitive abilities
- psychosis - a severe mental state involving impaired contact with reality, often including delusions or hallucinations
- rheum - a thin watery discharge of mucus or serum, especially from the eyes or nose
- venereal - relating to sexual intercourse, sexual desire, or the genitals

### C2+
- aggrieve - to cause distress or injury to someone, especially by unjust treatment
- damnify - to cause loss or injury to, especially in legal contexts
- cannabis - a plant whose dried parts are used as a drug and for fiber
- diseased - affected by or suffering from disease; unhealthy
- medic - a person trained to give medical treatment, especially in the field
- therapeutic - relating to the healing or curing of disease; soothing
- atonement - reparation or amends made for a wrong or injury
- curative - able to cure disease; a remedy
- operable - able to be used or operated; suitable for surgery
- redress - remedy or compensation for a wrong or grievance
- sawbones - a slang term for a surgeon or doctor
- ailment - a minor illness or bodily disorder
- algid - cold or chilly, especially of the body during illness
- convalescence - the gradual recovery of health after illness
- gaunt - lean and haggard, especially from illness or hardship
- grippe - influenza; a feverish respiratory illness (dated)
- healthful - conducive to good health; wholesome
- indisposition - a slight illness; an unwillingness or aversion
- infective - capable of causing infection; communicating disease
- medicament - a substance used in medical treatment; a medicine
- medicate - to treat with medicine or a drug
- pallid - pale, especially from illness or lack of vitality
- pharmaceutical - relating to medicinal drugs, or such a drug itself
- physic - a medicine, especially a purgative; the art of healing (archaic)
- preventative - serving to prevent something, especially disease
- refractory - stubbornly resistant to control or treatment
- restitution - the restoration of something lost or the compensation for injury or loss
- sickly - often ill or unhealthy, or suggesting illness
- tranquillize - to make calm or sedate, especially with a drug
- alterative - tending to alter, or a remedy that gradually restores healthy bodily function
- amends - reparation or compensation made for a wrong or injury
- asymptomatic - producing or showing no symptoms of disease
- atrophy - the wasting away of a body part or faculty from disuse or disease
- cauterize - to burn tissue to stop bleeding or prevent infection
- cephalalgia - headache, especially as a medical symptom
- clinically - in a manner relating to medical treatment, or coldly objectively
- contumely - insolent or contemptuous treatment; humiliating rudeness
- dentistry - the branch of medicine concerned with the teeth and gums
- diagnostic - relating to the identification of a disease or problem
- fastigium - the highest point or apex, especially the peak of a fever or disease
- finishing - the final stage or surface treatment of a process
- healthiness - the state of being healthy or conducive to health
- hospitalization - the act of admitting or the period of staying in a hospital for treatment
- hygienics - the science or principles of hygiene and the preservation of health
- immunity - protection from disease, obligation, or legal liability
- inpatient - a patient who stays in a hospital while receiving treatment
- inviolate - free from violation, injury, or desecration; intact
- maladive - sickly; tending toward illness
- medicinal - having healing properties; relating to medicine
- morbid - abnormally preoccupied with death or disease; gruesome
- morbific - causing or producing disease
- murrain - an infectious disease affecting cattle or other livestock
- obstetrics - the branch of medicine concerned with childbirth and pregnancy care
- pestilence - a fatal epidemic disease, especially the plague
- prophylactic - intended to prevent disease; a preventive measure or device
- reparation - compensation made for a wrong or injury; the act of making amends
- retaliation - the act of returning an injury or wrong for one received; reprisal
- scald - to burn with hot liquid or steam; an injury so caused
- seizure - a sudden attack of illness; the act of taking forcible possession
- sniffle - to draw air audibly through the nose, as when crying or sick
- trank - slang for a tranquilizer or sedative drug
- treatable - able to be cured or managed by medical or other treatment
- vaccinate - to treat with a vaccine to produce immunity against a disease
- vengeance - punishment inflicted in retaliation for an injury or offense
- victimization - the act of making someone a victim through harm or unfair treatment
- wellness - the state of being in good health, especially as actively pursued
- ashen - anemic looking from illness or emotion
- declivity - An inward curve of the exoskeleton of an insect, such as between body segments; a segment of an insect's body where the exoskeleton curves inward.
- incarnadine - Of a red colour.
- palliate - To relieve the symptoms of; to ameliorate.
- microcephalous - having an abnormally small head, usually as a result of microcephaly; also used comparatively in anatomy
- hoarse - rough and harsh in voice or sound
- anaesthesis - loss or absence of bodily sensation; insensibility
- defibrinate - to remove fibrin from blood, preventing or reducing clot formation
- medico-jurist - dated: a physician or medical expert who applies medical knowledge to legal questions; a specialist in medical jurisprudence
- deliquium - archaic: a sudden lapse, failure, or collapse of physical strength, consciousness, or mental powers
- ebriosity - rare: drunkenness or intoxication, especially as a habitual condition
- opium-eater - historical: a person who habitually consumes opium, especially for intoxication; an opium user or addict
- astigmat - rare or technical: a person who has astigmatism
- ankylose - medicine: to cause bones or a joint to become fused, rigid, or abnormally stiff
- insomniast - a person who suffers from insomnia; a rare term for an insomniac
- qualmish - Affected with qualms; queasy, nauseous
- rheumy - especially of the eyes, watery or affected by a mucous discharge

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