Restart comes from re- ('again') + start, the verb start deriving from Old English styrtan ('to leap up, move suddenly'), of Germanic origin. The historical chain includes Latin re- and Old English styrtan. Older glosses in the chain include "again" and "to leap up, move suddenly", which help explain the semantic range of the modern word. Morphologically, restart is best read as compound and borrowing, yielding an English verb and noun shaped by both form history and later usage. In current English it functions as a verb and noun, with the sense "to start again; a fresh beginning after a stop". English derivatives include restarted and restarting; related forms include start and startup. The result is an English verb and noun whose etymology preserves the older forms while supporting the word's specialized modern meaning.