This week on The Missing Workbook
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Word
English Vocabulary
Pick a CEFR level (A1–C2, plus C2+ for rare words beyond the CEFR scale) — A1 is the friendliest place to start — and browse its words grouped by topic: travel, food, the body, emotions, and more. Each word shows its meaning, example sentences, and US/UK pronunciation.
Choose your level
All 27,899 wordsC2+ is beyond the official CEFR scale: rare, specialist, and literary words kept for reference.
4452 words
roughen
B1
/ˈɹʌfən/
to make a surface rough or rougher
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reabsorb
C1
/ˌriː.əbˈzɔːrb/
to absorb something again after it has been released, separated, or excreted
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dandle
C2
/ˈdændəl/
to move a baby or small child playfully up and down in one's arms or on one's knee
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philander
C2+
/fɪˈlændəɹ/
To woo women; to play the male flirt.
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vacillation
C2
/ˌvæsəˈleɪʃən/
indecision shown by repeatedly changing between opinions, choices, or courses of action
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overfill
C2
/ˌoʊvɚˈfɪl/
to fill beyond capacity, need, or an appropriate limit
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snuffle
C2
/ˈsnʌf.əl/
to breathe, sniff, or sniffle noisily through the nose
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enshroud
C2
/ɪnˈʃraʊd/
to cover, wrap, or conceal as if with a shroud
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counteraction
C2
/ˌkaʊntɚˈækʃən/
action taken to oppose, offset, or neutralize the effect of another action or force
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evangelize
C2
/ɪˈvændʒəlaɪz/
to preach the Christian gospel, especially in order to convert people
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prognosticate
C2
/pɹɒɡˈnɒstɪkeɪt/
To predict or forecast, especially through the application of skill.
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overvalue
C1
/ˌoʊ.vɚˈvæl.juː/
to regard a person, quality, prospect, or contribution as more important or beneficial than it really is
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restatement
B1
/ˌɹiːˈsteɪtmənt/
the act of expressing something again, often more clearly or in different words
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perambulate
C2
/pɚˈæmbjəˌleɪt/
formal or humorous: to walk about, stroll, or travel through a place
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emulsify
C2
/ɪˈmʊlsɪfaɪ/
To mix two liquids that normally separate, such as oil and water, into a smooth blend.
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excoriate
C2
/ɪkˈskɔɹ.iˌeɪt/
To strongly condemn or criticize.
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engross
C1
/ɪnˈɡɹəʊs/
To take up all of someone's attention and interest.
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overawe
C2
/ˌoʊvɚˈɔ/
to subdue, restrain, or intimidate someone by inspiring overwhelming awe or fear
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sermonize
C1
/ˈsɝːmənaɪz/
to speak as though delivering a sermon, especially by giving prolonged moral advice or criticism
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solidification
C1
/səˌlɪdəfəˈkeɪʃən/
the process by which a liquid or gas becomes solid, especially through cooling, drying, or crystallization
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distain
C2+
/dɪˈsteɪn/
archaic or literary: to stain, discolor, or tarnish something
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abrade
C2
/əˈbreɪd/
to scrape, rub, or wear away the surface of something by friction
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overbook
B2
/ˈoʊvɝˌbʊk/
To accept more reservations or bookings than there are seats or rooms available.
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refold
B2
/ɹiːˈfoʊld/
To fold again.
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evangelization
C2
/ɪˌvændʒələˈzeɪʃən/
the activity of spreading the Christian gospel or seeking to convert people to Christianity
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parturition
C2
/ˌpɑːrtʃəˈrɪʃən/
the process of giving birth to a child or young animal
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mechanize
B2
/ˈmɛkənaɪz/
To replace manual work with machines.
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purvey
C2
/pɚˈveɪ/
supply with provisions
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malinger
C2+
/məˈlɪŋɡɚ/
To feign illness, injury, or incapacitation in order to avoid work, obligation, or perilous risk.
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parboil
C1
/ˈpɑrˌbɔɪl/
to boil food briefly or until it is only partly cooked, usually before cooking it by another method
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sentimentalize
C1
/ˌsɛn.təˈmɛn.təˌlaɪz/
act in a sentimental way or indulge in sentimental thoughts or expression
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concatenation
C1
/kənˌkætəˈneɪʃən/
a series of things linked together, or the act of linking them into a chain or sequence
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recross
C1
/ˌriːˈkrɔːs/
to cross something again, return across it, or put one crossed limb over the other again
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lollop
C2+
/ˈlɒləp/
informal: to move with a clumsy, rolling, or bouncing motion, usually at an unhurried pace
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mismanage
C1
/ˌmɪsˈmæn.ɪdʒ/
to organize, control, or use something badly or incompetently
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unstop
C2+
/ʌnˈstɑp/
to clear a blockage from an opening, pipe, or passage
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detraction
C2+
/dɪˈtɹækʃən/
the act of discrediting or detracting from someone's reputation, especially by slander
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distend
C2+
/dɪˈstɛnd/
swell from or as if from internal pressure
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joggle
C2
/ˈdʒɑːɡəl/
to shake or move slightly to and fro
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fructify
C2
/ˈfrʌktəˌfaɪ/
to bear fruit or become fruitful
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disport
C2
/dɪˈspɔɹt/
to enjoy oneself by playing or behaving in a lively, carefree way
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actuate
C2
/ˈæk.tʃuˌeɪt/
engineering: to cause a machine or mechanism to operate or move
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anatomize
C2
/əˈnætəmaɪz/
to analyze a subject, argument, or character in minute detail
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connote
C2
/kəˈnoʊt/
To suggest a meaning or feeling beyond the literal one.
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interweave
C2
/ˌɪntəɹˈwiv/
To combine two or more things by weaving them together.
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effervesce
C2
/ˌɛfɚˈvɛs/
to give off bubbles of gas; to fizz or foam
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obtrude
C2
/əbˈtruːd/
to force oneself, one's opinions, or something else upon people where it is unwelcome
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overspread
C2
/ˌoʊvɚˈspɹɛd/
to spread over and cover a surface, place, or area
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fossilize
C1
/ˈfɑː.səl.aɪz/
to become a fossil, or to preserve an organism or trace as a fossil
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remunerate
C2
/rɪˈmjunəˌreɪt/
to pay or otherwise reward someone for work, services, or a loss
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effluence
C2
/ˈɛfluəns/
the process of flowing or issuing outward
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shoemaking
C2
/ˈʃuːˌmeɪkɪŋ/
the craft, trade, or process of making shoes
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repass
C2
/riːˈpæs/
to pass again or return over the same route or point
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hornswoggle
C2
/ˈhɔɹn.swɑ.ɡəl/
to deceive or trick someone, especially in order to deprive them of money or property
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ossify
C2
/ˈɑ.sə.faɪ/
To become (or cause to become) inflexible and rigid in habits or opinions.
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truckle
C2
/ˈtrʌk.əl/
to submit tamely or behave obsequiously toward someone, usually in the construction truckle to
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calumniate
C2
/kəˈlʌmni.eɪt/
To make hurtful untrue comments about.
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extemporize
C2
/ɪkˈstɛmpəˌraɪz/
perform without preparation
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macerate
C2+
/ˈmæs.ə.ɹeɪt/
soften, usually by steeping in liquid, and cause to disintegrate as a result
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unloose
C2
/ˌʌnˈluːs/
to release or unleash something that has been restrained or suppressed
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relock
B2
/ˌriːˈlɑk/
to lock something again
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gnarl
C2
/nɑɹl/
to twist or deform something into a rough, knotted shape
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echolocate
C2
To find the position of objects by sending out sounds and listening for the echoes.
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numeration
C2
/ˌnuːməˈreɪʃən/
the act or process of counting or assigning numbers
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countervail
C2
/ˌkaʊntərˈveɪl/
to offset, compensate for, or neutralize the effect of something
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permeation
C2
/ˌpɝː.miˈeɪ.ʃən/
the process of spreading through and becoming present throughout a substance, place, group, or system
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repine
C2
/rɪˈpaɪn/
literary: to feel or express discontent by complaining or fretting about an unwanted situation
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subornation
C2
/ˌsʌbɔrˈneɪʃən/
the act of inducing someone to commit perjury or another unlawful act
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overgrow
C1
/ˌoʊvərˈɡroʊ/
to grow over and cover a surface, place, or other vegetation
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redound
C2
/rɪˈdaʊnd/
contribute
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miscall
C1
/mɪsˈkɔl/
to call or name a person or thing incorrectly
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gerrymander
C2
/ˈd͡ʒɛɹ.iˌmæn.dəɹ/
an act of gerrymandering, or dividing a voting area so as to give your own party an unfair advantage
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proscribe
C2
/pɹəˈskɹaɪb/
To officially forbid or ban something.
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hybridize
C2
/ˈhaɪbrəˌdaɪz/
to cross genetically different organisms, varieties, or species, or to produce hybrid offspring
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typewrite
C2
/ˈtaɪp.raɪt/
dated: to write or produce text with a typewriter
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halftone
C2
/ˈhæfˌtoʊn/
a printing or image-reproduction method that simulates continuous tones with dots of varying size or spacing
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plash
C2
/plæʃ/
to splash or beat liquid against something
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federate
C1
/ˈfed.ə.reɪt/
to unite states, organizations, or groups in a federation while allowing the members some independence
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methink
C2+
/miˈθɪŋk/
archaic, poetic, or humorous, impersonal: it seems to me; now usually encountered in the forms methinks and methought
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physiognomist
C2
/ˌfɪziˈɑːɡnəmɪst/
a practitioner of physiognomy, the discredited practice of judging character or personality from facial features and outward appearance
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disenchant
C2
/ˌdɪsɪnˈtʃænt/
to cause someone to lose an idealized belief, admiration, or enthusiasm; to disillusion
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unbar
C1
/ʌnˈbɑr/
to remove a bar or bolt from a door, gate, or other entrance
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temporize
C2
/ˈtɛmpəraɪz/
to delay making a decision or commitment, or to act evasively, in order to gain time or an advantage
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superintendency
C2
/ˌsuːpərɪnˈtɛndənsi/
the act or responsibility of supervising, directing, or administering an organization or activity
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unman
C2
/ʌnˈmæn/
to deprive someone of courage, composure, or emotional strength
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overcrowd
B2
/ˌoʊvɚˈkraʊd/
to fill a place, vehicle, or system with more people or things than it can comfortably or safely hold
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digitalize
C1
/ˌdɪdʒɪtəˈlaɪz/
To convert information or processes into a digital form for use on computers.
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reassume
C2
/ˌriəˈsum/
to take on a role, manner, condition, or activity again
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imbrue
C2
/ɪmˈbɹuː/
literary: to stain or soak something deeply, especially with blood
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exhilarate
C1
/ɪɡˈzɪləˌɹeɪt/
To make someone feel very happy, excited, and full of energy.
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demarcate
C1
/dɪˈmɑɹˌkeɪt/
set, mark, or draw the boundaries of something
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predication
C2
/ˌprɛdəˈkeɪʃən/
the grammatical or logical act of asserting a property, action, or class membership of a subject
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roil
C2
/rɔɪl/
to make a liquid cloudy or muddy by stirring up sediment
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teethe
C2+
/tiːð/
to grow or cut teeth
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overbear
C2
/ˌoʊ.vɚˈbɛr/
to overcome, suppress, or carry aside by superior force, influence, or weight
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debilitation
C2
/dɪˌbɪləˈteɪʃən/
the process of becoming seriously weakened, or a resulting state of weakness and reduced energy
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