English Vocabulary
Browse English words grouped by CEFR level (A1–C2). A1 is the friendliest place to start — the most common, everyday words — and each level builds toward more advanced vocabulary.
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All 8,652 words
8652 words
Level A1 (1065)
a
A1
/æɪ/
the unit symbol for the ampere, the basic unit of electric current adopted under the Systeme International d'Unites
a.m.
A1
about
A1
/əˈbɐʊ̯t/
imprecise quantities but fairly close to correct
above
A1
/əˈbʊv/
at an earlier place
action
A1
/ˈæk.ʃən/
something done, usually as opposed to something said
activity
A1
/ækˈtɪv.ə.ti/
any specific behavior
actor
A1
/ˈæk.tɚ/
a person who acts and gets things done
add
A1
/æd/
to make an addition to
address
A1
/əˈdɹɛs/
the manner of speaking to another individual
afraid
A1
/əˈfɹeɪd/
feeling worry or concern or insecurity
after
A1
/ˈaftə(ɹ)/
behind or in the rear
afternoon
A1
/ˌaf.təˈnuːn/
the part of the day between noon and evening
again
A1
/əˈɡɛ̟n/
anew or once more
age
A1
/eɪd͡ʒ/
how long something has existed
ago
A1
/əˈɡoʊ/
in the past
agree
A1
/əˈɡɹi/
to consent or assent to a condition, or agree to do something
airplane
A1
/ˈɛɹˌpleɪ̯n/
an aircraft that has a fixed wing and is powered by propellers or jets
airport
A1
/ˈɛɹ.pɔɹt/
An airfield (an area designated for the takeoff and landing of aircraft), including one or more runways and (for commercial airports) one or more passenger terminals.
album
A1
/ˈælbəm/
A book specially designed to keep photographs, stamps, or autographs.
all
A1
/u(ɫ)/
completely given to or absorbed by
all right
A1
almost
A1
/ˈɔː(l)məs/
Very close to, but not quite.
alone
A1
/əˈloʊn/
without anybody else or anything else
along
A1
/əˈlæŋ/
with a forward motion
already
A1
/ɑlˈɹɛdi/
prior to a specified or implied time
also
A1
/ˈɔl.soʊ/
In addition; besides; as well; further; too.
always
A1
/ˈaː.wɪz/
at any time or in any event
am
A1
/əm/
Initialism of amplitude modulation; radio programming broadcasted in this form.
an
A1
/ˈæn/
Form of a (all article senses).
and
A1
/ænd/
As a coordinating conjunction; expressing two elements to be taken together or in addition to each other.
angry
A1
/ˈæŋ.ɡɹi/
feeling or showing anger
animal
A1
/ˈæn.ᵻ.məl/
Any member of the kingdom Animalia of multicellular organisms that are usually mobile, whose cells are not encased in a rigid cell wall (distinguishing them from plants and fungi) and which derive energy solely from the consumption of other organisms (further distinguishing them from plants).
another
A1
/əˈnʌð.ə(ɹ)/
One more further, in addition to the quantity by then; a second or additional one, similar in likeness or in effect.
answer
A1
/ˈæn.sɚ/
a nonverbal reaction
any
A1
/æni/
to any degree or extent
anybody
A1
/ˈɛn.i.bʌ.di/
Any one out of an indefinite number of persons; anyone; any person.
anyone
A1
/ˈɛ.niˌwʌn/
Any person; anybody.
anything
A1
/ˈɛn.i.θɪŋ/
Any object, act, state, event, or fact whatsoever; a thing of any kind; something or other.
apple
A1
/ˈæp.əl/
fruit with red, yellow, or green skin with a sweet or tart crispy white flesh
April
A1
/ˈeɪ.pɹəl/
The fourth month of the Gregorian calendar, following March and preceding May.
apron
A1
/ˈeɪ.pɹən/
An article of clothing worn over the front of the torso and/or legs for protection from spills; also historically worn by Freemasons and as part of women's fashion.
are
A1
/ə(ɹ)/
second-person singular simple present of be
arm
A1
/ɑɹm/
any projection that is thought to resemble a human arm
around
A1
/əˈɹuːnd/
imprecise but fairly close to correct, usually referring to quantities
arrive
A1
/əˈɹaɪv/
to reach a destination
art
A1
/ɑɹt/
the creation of beautiful or significant things
article
A1
/ˈɑɹtɪkəl/
one of a class of artifacts
as
A1
/əz/
To such an extent or degree; to the same extent or degree.
ask
A1
/ask/
to address a question to and expect an answer from
at
A1
/æt/
In, near, or in the general vicinity of (a particular place).
August
A1
/ɔˈɡʌst/
Awe-inspiring, majestic, noble, venerable.
aunt
A1
/ɑːnt/
The sister or sister-in-law of one’s parent.
autumn
A1
/ˈɔtəm/
Traditionally the third of the four seasons, when deciduous trees lose their leaves, and temperatures and daylight hours decrease; typically regarded as spanning the months of September, October, and November in the Northern Hemisphere, and the months of March, April and May in the Southern Hemisphere.
awake
A1
/əˈweɪk/
to stop sleeping
away
A1
/əˈweɪ/
from a particular thing or place or position (`forth' is obsolete)
baby
A1
/ˈbeɪbi/
a project of personal concern to someone
back
A1
/[bax]/
in or to or toward a past time
bad
A1
/bæd/
with great intensity (`bad' is a nonstandard variant for `badly')
bag
A1
/ˈbɛɡ/
a flexible container with a single opening
ball
A1
/bɔl/
a pitch that is not in the strike zone
banana
A1
/bəˈnæ.nə/
An elongated curved tropical fruit of a banana plant, which grows in bunches and has a creamy flesh and a smooth skin.
band
A1
/bænd/
a thin flat strip of flexible material that is worn around the body or one of the limbs, especially to decorate the body
bank
A1
/ˈbæŋk/
a building in which the business of banking transacted
bar
A1
/bɑɹ/
a room or establishment where alcoholic drinks are served over a counter
baseball
A1
/ˈbeɪs.bɔl/
A sport common in North America, the Caribbean, and East Asia, in which the objective is to strike a ball so that one of a nine-person team can run counter-clockwise among four bases, resulting in the scoring of a run. The team with the most runs after termination of play, usually nine innings, wins.
basketball
A1
/ˈbæs.kɪt.bɔl/
A sport in which two opposing teams of five players strive to put a ball through a hoop.
bat
A1
/bæt/
in baseball, a turn trying to get a hit
bath
A1
/bɑːθ/
the process of soaking and washing one's body in a bathtub
bathroom
A1
/ˈbæθˌɹum/
a room containing a bathtub or shower and usually a washbasin and toilet
be
A1
/biː/
to spend or use time
beach
A1
/bit͡ʃ/
to land on a beach
bean
A1
/ˈbi(ː)n/
to hit on the head, especially with a pitched baseball
bear
A1
/bɜː(ɹ)/
a massive mammal with long shaggy coats and strong claws found in the Americas and Eurasia; one of 8 species in the family Ursidae
beautiful
A1
/ˈbju.tɪ.fəl/
delighting the senses or exciting intellectual or emotional admiration
because
A1
/bɪkəz/
By or for the cause that; on this account that; for the reason that.
become
A1
/bɪˈkʌm/
to enter or assume a certain state or condition
bed
A1
/[ˈbeː]/
a piece of furniture that provides a place to sleep
bedroom
A1
/ˈbɛdˌɹum/
A room in a house, apartment, hotel, or other dwelling where a bed is kept for sleeping.
bee
A1
/ˈbiː/
A flying insect, of the clade Anthophila within the hymenopteran superfamily Apoidea, known for its organised societies (though only a minority have them), for collecting pollen and (in some species) producing wax and honey.
beef
A1
/bif/
to complain
before
A1
/bɪˈfoɹ/
Earlier than (in time).
begin
A1
/bɪˈɡɪn/
to take the first step or steps in carrying out an action
behind
A1
/bɪˈhaɪnd/
in or to or toward the rear
believe
A1
/bɪˈliv/
to accept as true
bell
A1
/bɛl/
the sound of a bell being struck
below
A1
/bɪˈlaː/
at a later place
beside
A1
/bɪˈsaɪd/
Next to; at the side of.
best
A1
/ˈbɛst/
it would be sensible
better
A1
/ˈbɛt.ə/
comparative of `well'
between
A1
/bəˈtwin/
in between
bicycle
A1
/ˈbaɪsɪk(ə)l/
to ride a bicycle
big
A1
/bɪɡ/
in a boastful manner
bike
A1
/baɪk/
to ride a bicycle
bird
A1
/ˈbɜːd/
term for a young, attractive woman
birth
A1
/bɜɹθ/
the event of being born
birthday
A1
/ˈbɝθˌdeɪ/
The anniversary of the day on which someone is born.
biscuit
A1
/ˈbɪs.kɪt/
A small, flat, baked good which is either hard and crisp or else soft but firm; a cookie.
black
A1
/blæk/
marked by anger or resentment or hostility
blank
A1
/ˈblæŋk/
void of expression
block
A1
/blɑk/
to hinder or prevent the progress or accomplishment of
blow
A1
/blaː/
forceful exhalation through the nose or mouth
blue
A1
/blʉ/
causing dejection
board
A1
/bɔɹd/
a flat piece of material designed for a special purpose
boat
A1
/ˈboʊ̯t/
to ride in a boat on water
body
A1
/ˈbɑ.di/
the external structure of a vehicle
bone
A1
/boʊn/
to remove the bones from
book
A1
/bʊk/
physical object consisting of a number of pages bound together
bookstore
A1
/ˈbʊkˌstɔr/
a shop where books are sold
boring
A1
/ˈboɹ.ɪŋ/
so lacking in interest as to cause mental weariness
borrow
A1
/ˈbɒɹə/
to get temporarily
both
A1
/bəʊθ/
Each of the two; one and the other; referring to two individuals or items.
bottle
A1
/ˈbɑ.tl̩/
to put into bottles
bottom
A1
/ˈbɑ.təm/
the lowest rank
bowl
A1
/boʊl/
to engage in the sport of bowling
box
A1
/bɑks/
to put into a box
boy
A1
/bɔːə/
(ethnic slur) offensive and disparaging term for Black man
boyfriend
A1
/ˈbɔɪˌfɹɛnd/
a man who is the lover of another person
brain
A1
/ˈbɹæ̝ɪ̯n/
mental ability
bread
A1
/brɛd/
to cover with bread crumbs
break
A1
/bɹeɪk/
to act in disregard of laws, rules, contracts, or promises
breakfast
A1
/ˈbɹɛk.fəst/
to eat an early morning meal
breathe
A1
/bɹið/
to draw air into, and expel out of, the lungs
bridge
A1
/bɹɪd͡ʒ/
the hard ridge that forms the upper part of the nose
bright
A1
/ˈbɹɐɪ̯t/
full or promise
bring
A1
/ˈbɹɪŋ/
to be accompanied by
broken
A1
/ˈbɹoʊ.kɪn/
physically and forcibly separated into pieces or cracked or split
brother
A1
/ˈbɹʌðɚ/
a male with the same parents as someone else
brown
A1
/ˈbɹæʊ̯n/
to make brown in color
brush
A1
/bɹɛʃ/
to remove with or as if with a brush
bucket
A1
/ˈbʌk.ət/
to carry in a bucket
build
A1
/bɪld/
to develop and grow
building
A1
/ˈbɪl.dɪŋ/
a structure that has a roof and walls and stands more or less permanently in one place
burger
A1
/ˈbɝ.ɡɚ/
A similar sandwich or patty.
bus
A1
/bʌs/
a car that is old and unreliable
business
A1
/ˈbɪz.nɪs/
incidental activity performed by an actor for dramatic effect
busy
A1
/ˈbɪz.i/
crowded with or characterized by much activity
but
A1
/ˈbʌt/
Apart from, except (for), excluding.
butter
A1
/ˈbʌt.əɹ/
to spread butter on
butterfly
A1
/ˈbʌ.tə(ɹ).flaɪ/
to talk or behave amorously, without serious intentions
button
A1
/ˈbʌt.ən/
an electrical switch operated by pressing
buy
A1
/baɪ/
to accept as true
by
A1
/baɪ/
Near or next to.
bye
A1
/baɪ/
a farewell remark
cafe
A1
/ˌkæˈfeɪ/
Alternative form of café.
cake
A1
/keɪk/
to form a coat over
call
A1
/kɔl/
in sports, the decision made by an umpire or referee
camera
A1
/ˈkæm.ə.ɹə/
equipment for taking photographs
camp
A1
/kæmp/
providing sophisticated amusement by virtue of having artificially (and vulgarly) mannered or banal or sentimental qualities
can
A1
/kən/
To know how to.
candy
A1
/ˈkæn.di/
Edible, sweet-tasting confectionery containing sugar, or sometimes artificial sweeteners, and often flavored with fruit, chocolate, nuts, herbs and spices, or artificial flavors.
cap
A1
/kæp/
in dentistry, dental appliance consisting of an artificial crown for a broken or decayed tooth
car
A1
/[kʰäɾ]/
a conveyance for passengers or freight on a cable railway
card
A1
/kɑːd/
one of a set of small pieces of stiff paper marked in various ways and used for playing games or for telling fortunes
care
A1
/kɛɚ/
activity involved in maintaining something in good working order
careful
A1
/ˈkɛɹfəl/
exercising caution or showing care or attention
carefully
A1
/ˈkɛɹf(ə)li/
taking care or paying attention
carry
A1
/ˈkæɹi/
to sing or play against other voices or parts
cartoon
A1
/kɑɹˈtun/
to draw cartoons of
case
A1
/keɪs/
a portable container for carrying several objects
cat
A1
/[ˈkʰeə̯t]/
feline mammal usually having thick soft fur and no ability to roar: domestic cats
catch
A1
/kat͡ʃ/
the act of catching an object with the hands
CD
A1
/ˌsiːˈdiː/
Initialism of compact disc.
CD player
A1
celebrate
A1
/ˈsɛl.ə.bɹeɪt/
to assign great social importance to
celebration
A1
/ˌsɛl.əˈbɹeɪ.ʃən/
the public performance of a sacrament or solemn ceremony with all appropriate ritual
chair
A1
/t͡ʃeɹ/
the position of professor
change
A1
/ˈt͡ʃæ̝ɪ̯nd͡ʒ/
the action of changing something
character
A1
/ˈkæɹ(ə)ktɚ/
the inherent complex of attributes that determines a persons moral and ethical actions and reactions
check
A1
/t͡ʃɛk/
the act of inspecting or verifying
cheese
A1
/t͡ʃiːz/
to wind onto a cheese
chicken
A1
/ˈt͡ʃɪkən/
A domesticated subspecies of red junglefowl (Gallus gallus domesticus).
child
A1
/[tʃəɪ̯(ə)ɫd]/
a young person of either sex
chocolate
A1
/ˈt͡ʃɔk.(ə.)lɪt/
A food made from ground roasted cocoa beans.
choose
A1
/t͡ʃuːz/
to select as an alternative over another
church
A1
/ˈt͡ʃɝt͡ʃ/
a service conducted in a house of worship
cinema
A1
/ˈsɪn.ə.mə/
A movie theatre, a movie house.
circle
A1
/ˈsɜɹkəl/
any circular or rotating mechanism
city
A1
/ˈsɪti/
people living in a large densely populated municipality
class
A1
/klæs/
elegance in dress or behavior
classmate
A1
/ˈklæs.meɪt/
A student who is in the same class at school.
classroom
A1
/ˈklæsruːm/
A room, often in a school, where classes take place.
clean
A1
/kliːn/
to be cleanable
clever
A1
/ˈklɛv.ɚ/
showing inventiveness and skill
climb
A1
/klaɪm/
the act of climbing something
clock
A1
/klɑk/
to measure the time or duration of an event or action or the person who performs an action in a certain period of time
close
A1
/kloʊz/
in an attentive manner
closed
A1
/kloʊzd/
not open or affording passage or access
cloth
A1
/klɔθ/
A fabric, usually made of woven, knitted, or felted fibres or filaments, such as used in dressing, decorating, cleaning or other practical use. Sometimes, woven fabric specifically.
clothes
A1
/kloʊ(ð)z/
Items of clothing; apparel.
cloud
A1
/ˈklæʊ̯d/
out of touch with reality
cloudy
A1
/ˈklaʊ̯ɾiː/
full of or covered with clouds
club
A1
/klʌb/
stout stick that is larger at one end
coach
A1
/koʊt͡ʃ/
to teach and supervise someone
coat
A1
/ˈkoʊ̯t/
a thin layer covering something
code
A1
/koʊd/
to convert ordinary language into code
coffee
A1
/ˈkɔː.fɪ/
a seed of the coffee tree
coke
A1
/koʊk/
to become coke
cold
A1
/kold/
lacking the warmth of life
collect
A1
/kəˈlɛkt/
make a telephone call or mail a package so that the recipient pays
collection
A1
/kəˈlɛkʃən/
A set of items or amount of material procured, gathered or presented together.
college
A1
/ˈkɒlɪd͡ʒ/
An academic institution.
color
A1
/ˈkʌl.ə/
having or capable of producing colors
come
A1
/kʌm/
to be found or available
computer
A1
/kəmˈpjutɚ/
A programmable electronic device that performs mathematical calculations and logical operations, especially one that can process, store and retrieve large amounts of data very quickly; now especially, a small one for personal or home use employed for manipulating text or graphics, accessing the Internet, or playing games or media.
concert
A1
/kənˈsɝt/
to settle by agreement
contest
A1
/ˈkɑn.tɛst/
to make the subject of dispute, contention, or litigation
conversation
A1
/ˌkɑn.vəɹˈseɪ.ʃən/
Expression and exchange of individual ideas through talking with other people; also, a set instance or occasion of such talking.
cook
A1
/kʊk/
to transform and make suitable for consumption by heating
cookie
A1
/ˈkʊki/
The vulva.
cool
A1
/kul/
marked by calm self-control especially in trying circumstances; originally AAVE
cop
A1
/kɑp/
To obtain, to purchase (items including but not limited to drugs), to get hold of, to take.
copy
A1
/ˈkɑpi/
a thing made to be similar or identical to another thing
corn
A1
/ˈkɔɹn/
something sentimental or trite
corner
A1
/ˈkɔɹnɚ/
the intersection of two streets
correct
A1
/kəˈɹɛkt/
to treat a defect
couch
A1
/ˈkɐʊ̯t͡ʃ/
An item of furniture, often upholstered, for the comfortable seating of more than one person; a sofa.
could
A1
/kəd/
simple past of can
course
A1
/kɔɹs/
a mode of action
cousin
A1
/ˈkʌz(ə)n/
Chiefly with a qualifying word: Any relation (especially a distant one) who is not a direct ancestor or descendant but part of a person's extended family; a kinsman or kinswoman.
cover
A1
/ˈkʌvɚ/
fire that makes it difficult for the enemy to fire on your own individuals or formations
cow
A1
/kaʊ/
An adult female of the species Bos taurus, especially one that has calved.
cream
A1
/kɹiːm/
the best people or things in a group
credit card
A1
cry
A1
/kɹaɪ/
a fit of weeping
culture
A1
/ˈkʌlt͡ʃɚ/
the raising of plants or animals
cup
A1
/ˈkɐ̞p/
a large metal vessel with two handles that is awarded as a trophy to the winner of a competition
cut
A1
/kʌt/
with parts removed
cute
A1
/kjuːt/
attractive especially by means of smallness or prettiness or quaintness
dad
A1
/dæd/
A father, a male parent.
daddy
A1
/ˈdæd.i/
A perfect example, a role model.
dance
A1
/dɑːns/
taking a series of rhythmical steps and movements in time to music
dancing
A1
/ˈdæns.ɪŋ/
A dance club in France.
dark
A1
/dɑɹk/
brunet (used of hair or skin or eyes)
date
A1
/deɪt/
a meeting arranged in advance
daughter
A1
/ˈdɔ.tɚ/
a female human offspring
day
A1
/dæɪ̯/
a period of opportunity
dear
A1
/dɪɹ/
at a great cost
December
A1
/dɪˈsɛm.bɚ/
The twelfth and last month of the Gregorian calendar, following November and preceding the January of the following year, containing the southern solstice.
delicious
A1
/dɪˈlɪʃ.əs/
Pleasing to the sense of taste; tasty.
describe
A1
/dɪˈskɹaɪb/
to give an account or representation of in words
design
A1
/dɪˈzaɪn/
the act of working out the form of something, as by making a sketch or outline or plan
desk
A1
/ˈdɛsk/
A table, frame, or case, in past centuries usually with a sloping top but now usually with a flat top, for the use of writers and readers. It often has a drawer or repository underneath.
dictionary
A1
/ˈdɪk.ʃəˌnɛ.ɹi/
A reference work listing words or names from one or more languages, usually ordered alphabetically, explaining each word's meanings or senses, oftentimes also containing information on its etymology, pronunciation, usage, semantic relations, translations, as well as other relevant information.
did
A1
/dɪd/
simple past of do
difference
A1
/ˈdɪf(ə)ɹəns/
the quality of being unlike or dissimilar
different
A1
/ˈdɪfɝənt/
unlike in nature or quality or form or degree
difficult
A1
/ˈdɪfɪkəlt/
not easy or simple
dig
A1
/dɪɡ/
the act of touching someone suddenly with your finger or elbow
dining room
A1
dinner
A1
/ˈdɪnɚ/
the main meal of the day served in the evening or at midday
dirty
A1
/ˈdɝti/
unpleasantly stormy
discuss
A1
/dɪˈskʊs/
speak with others about something
dish
A1
/dɪʃ/
a piece of dishware normally used as a container for holding or serving food
do
A1
/də/
travel or traverse (a distance)
doctor
A1
/ˈdɑktɚ/
children take the roles of physician or patient or nurse and pretend they are at the physician's office
does
A1
/dəz/
third-person singular simple present indicative of do
dog
A1
/dɔɡ/
someone who is morally reprehensible
doing
A1
/ˈduːɪŋ/
A deed or action, especially when somebody is held responsible for it.
doll
A1
/dɑl/
An attractive young woman.
dollar
A1
/ˈdɑ.lɚ/
a symbol of commercialism or greed
door
A1
/do(ː)ɹ/
a swinging or sliding barrier that will close the entrance to a room or building or vehicle
down
A1
/ˈdʌʊ̯n/
spatially or metaphorically from a higher to a lower level or position
drama
A1
/ˈdɹɑmə/
A composition, normally in prose, telling a story and intended to be represented by actors impersonating the characters and speaking the dialogue
draw
A1
/dɹɑ/
make a mark or lines on a surface
dream
A1
/dɹiːm/
a fantastic but vain hope, from fantasies induced by the opium pipe
dress
A1
/dɹɪs/
(of an occasion) requiring formal clothes
drink
A1
/dɹɪŋk/
the act of drinking alcoholic beverages to excess
drive
A1
/dɹaɪv/
the act of applying force to propel something
driver
A1
/ˈdɹaɪvɚ/
One who drives something.
drop
A1
/dɹɑp/
a central depository where things can be left or picked up
drum
A1
/ˈdɹʌm/
the sound of a drum
dry
A1
/ˈdɹɑɪ̯/
practicing complete abstinence from alcoholic beverages
due
A1
/djuː/
owed and payable immediately or on demand
DVD
A1
/ˌdi vi ˈdi/
Initialism of digital video/versatile disc; an optical disc on which video is recorded in digital format, such as commercially-released movies and other video media.
each
A1
/it͡ʃ/
to or from every one of two or more (considered individually)
each other
A1
ear
A1
/ˈɛː/
good hearing
early
A1
/ˈɝli/
before the usual time or the time expected
easy
A1
/ˈi.zi/
without effort, easily
eat
A1
/it/
take in solid food
egg
A1
/ˈ(j)ɛɡ/
coat with beaten egg
eight
A1
/eʈ/
A numerical value equal to 8; the number occurring after seven and before nine.
eighteen
A1
/ˈeɪ(t).tin/
The cardinal number occurring after seventeen and before nineteen, represented in Roman numerals as XVIII and in Arabic numerals as 18.
eighty
A1
/ˈeɪ.ti/
The cardinal number occurring after seventy-nine and before eighty-one, represented in Roman numerals as LXXX and in Arabic numerals as 80.
either
A1
/ˈaɪ.ðɚ/
after a negative statement, used as an intensive meaning something like 'also'
elementary
A1
/ˌɛləˈmɛntəɹi/
easy and not involved or complicated
eleven
A1
/əˈlɛvən/
The cardinal number occurring after ten and before twelve. Represented as 11 in Arabic digits.
else
A1
/ɛlts/
Other; in addition to previously mentioned items.
email
A1
/ˈiˌmeɪl/
A system for sending messages and datas by means of a computer network, primarily the Internet, using the Simple Mail Transfer Protocol and the Internet Message Format.
end
A1
/ɛnd/
(American football) a position on the line of scrimmage
engineer
A1
/ˌɛnd͡ʒɪˈnɪ(ə)ɹ/
design as an engineer
enjoy
A1
/enˈd͡ʒoɪ/
have benefit from
evening
A1
/ˈivnɪŋ/
the latter part of the day, the period of decreasing daylight from late afternoon until nightfall
event
A1
/ɪˈvɛnt/
a special set of circumstances
every
A1
/ˈev.(ə.)ɹi/
All of a countable group (considered individually), without exception.
everybody
A1
/ˈɛvɹiˌbɑdi/
All people.
everyday
A1
/ˈɛvɹiˌdeɪ/
commonplace and ordinary
everyone
A1
/ˈɛv.ɹi.wʌn/
Every person.
everything
A1
/ˈɛv(ə)ɹiˌθɪŋ/
All the things under discussion.
everywhere
A1
/ˈɛv.ɹi.(h)wɛɹ/
to or in any or all places
example
A1
/ɪɡˈzam.pəl/
a task performed or problem solved in order to develop skill or understanding
excellent
A1
/ˈɛkslənt/
Of higher or the highest quality; splendid.
excited
A1
/ɪkˈsaɪtɪd/
Having great enthusiasm, passion and energy.
exciting
A1
/ɪkˈsʌɪtɪŋ/
creating or arousing excitement
excuse
A1
/ɪksˈkjuz/
a note explaining an absence
exercise
A1
/ˈɛk.sɚ.saɪz/
the activity of exerting your muscles in various ways to keep fit
expensive
A1
/ɪkˈspɛnsɪv/
high in price or charging high prices
eye
A1
/ˈaɪ/
a small hole or loop (as in a needle)
face
A1
/feːs/
the side upon which the use of a thing depends, usually the most prominent surface of an object
factory
A1
/ˈfæk.tɚ.i/
A building or other place where manufacturing takes place.
fair
A1
/ˈfɜː/
without favoring one party, in a fair evenhanded manner
fairy
A1
/ˈfeːɹiː/
A mythical being of human form with magical powers, known in many sizes and descriptions, although often depicted in modern illustrations only as a small sprite with gauze-like wings, especially one that is female. Fairies are revered in some modern forms of paganism.
false
A1
/fɔls/
arising from error
family
A1
/ˈfæ.m(ə )li/
people descended from a common ancestor
famous
A1
/ˈfeɪ.məs/
widely known and esteemed
fan
A1
/fæn/
make (an emotion) fiercer
farm
A1
/fɑɹm/
workplace consisting of farm buildings and cultivated land as a unit
farmer
A1
/ˈfɑɹ.mɚ/
Someone or something that farms, as:
fast
A1
/fæst/
quickly or rapidly, which is often used as a combining form
fat
A1
/ˈfæt/
having an overabundance of flesh
father
A1
/ˈfæ.ðə(ɹ)/
a male parent, also used as a term of address to one's own father
favorite
A1
/ˈfeɪv.ɹɪt/
preferred above all others and treated with partiality
February
A1
/ˈfɛb.ɹuˌɛɹi/
The short month following January and preceding March in the Roman, Julian, and Gregorian calendars, used in all three calendars for intercalation or addition of leap days.
feed
A1
/ˈfiːd/
introduce continuously
feel
A1
/fil/
manual stimulation of the genital area for sexual pleasure
feeling
A1
/ˈfi.lɪŋ/
the experiencing of affective and emotional states
festival
A1
/ˈfɛstəv(ə)l/
an organized series of acts and performances (usually in one place)
fever
A1
/ˈfivɚ/
intense nervous anticipation
field
A1
/ˈfi(ː)ld/
select (a team or individual player) for a game
fifteen
A1
/fɪfˈtiːn/
The cardinal number occurring after fourteen (14) and before sixteen (16).
fifty
A1
/ˈfɪfti/
The cardinal number occurring after forty-nine and before fifty-one.
fight
A1
/fəɪt/
a boxing or wrestling match
file
A1
/ˈfaɪl/
a set of related records kept together
fill
A1
/fɪl/
a quantity sufficient to satisfy
find
A1
/ˈfa̝ːn(d)/
accept and make use of one's personality, abilities, and situation
fine
A1
/ˈfaːn/
issue a ticket or a fine to as a penalty
finish
A1
/ˈfɪnɪʃ/
the act of finishing
fire
A1
/[ˈfaː(ə)]/
the act of firing weapons or artillery at an enemy
first
A1
/fɔːst/
before anything else
fish
A1
/ˈfɪ̝ʃ/
any of various mostly cold-blooded aquatic vertebrates usually having scales and breathing through gills
fishing
A1
/ˈfɪʃɪŋ/
The act of catching fish.
five
A1
/faɪv/
A numerical value equal to 5; the number following four and preceding six.
flag
A1
/ˈfleɪ̯ɡ/
decorate with flags
flat
A1
/flæt/
a level tract of land
floor
A1
/flɔɹ/
the inside lower horizontal surface (as of a room, hallway, tent, or other structure)
flower
A1
/ˈfluː.ɐ/
A colorful, conspicuous structure associated with angiosperms, frequently scented and attracting various insects, and which may or may not be used for sexual reproduction.
fly
A1
/flaɪ/
in British slang, not to be deceived or hoodwinked
focus
A1
/ˈfoʊ.kəs/
maximum clarity or distinctness of an image rendered by an optical system
foggy
A1
/ˈfɒɡi/
Obscured by mist or fog; unclear; hazy.
following
A1
/ˈfɑloʊɪŋ/
immediately following in time or order
food
A1
/fuːd/
any solid substance (as opposed to liquid) that is used as a source of nourishment
football
A1
/ˈfʊtbɔl/
A sport played on foot in which teams attempt to get a ball into a goal or zone defended by the other team.
for
A1
/fɔɹ/
Because.
foreign
A1
/ˈfɔɹɪn/
relating to or originating in or characteristic of another place or part of the world
foreigner
A1
/ˈfɔɹ.ɪ.nɚ/
A person from a foreign country.
forget
A1
/fɚˈɡɛt/
forget to do something
form
A1
/fɔɹm/
a mold for setting concrete
forty
A1
/[ˈfoːtɪj]/
The cardinal number occurring after thirty-nine and before forty-one, represented in Roman numerals as XL and in Arabic numerals as 40.
four
A1
/foɹ/
A numerical value equal to 4; the number after three and before five; two plus two. This many dots (••••)
fourteen
A1
/ˈfɔɹ.tin/
The cardinal number occurring after thirteen and before fifteen.
free
A1
/fɹi/
unconstrained or not chemically bound in a molecule or not fixed and capable of relatively unrestricted motion
Friday
A1
/ˈfɹaɪ.də/
The sixth day of the week in many religious traditions, and the fifth day of the week in systems using the ISO 8601 norm; the Muslim Sabbath; it follows Thursday and precedes Saturday.
friend
A1
/frɪnd/
a person you know well and regard with affection and trust
frog
A1
/fɹɑɡ/
Any of a class of small tailless amphibians of the order Anura that typically hop.
from
A1
/fɹʌm/
Used to indicate source or provenance.
front
A1
/fɹʌnt/
the outward appearance of a person
fruit
A1
/[fɹʉwʔ]/
the consequence of some effort or action
full
A1
/fʊl/
having the normally expected amount
fun
A1
/fʊn/
verbal wit or mockery, often at another's expense but not to be taken seriously
funny
A1
/ˈfʊn.ɪ/
experiencing odd bodily sensations
future
A1
/ˈfju.t͡ʃɚ/
of elected officers not yet serving
game
A1
/ɡeɪm/
an amusement or pastime
garbage
A1
/ˈɡɑɹ.bɪd͡ʒ/
a receptacle where waste can be discarded
garden
A1
/ˈɡɑɹd(ə)n/
work in the garden
get
A1
/ɡɪt/
come to have or undergo a change of physical features and attributes
ghost
A1
/ɡoʊst/
to leave a gathering without saying goodbye
gift
A1
/ˈgɪft/
give as a present
girl
A1
/ˈɡɜɹl/
a friendly informal reference to a grown woman
girlfriend
A1
/ˈɡɝlfɹɛnd/
a girl or young woman with whom one is romantically involved
give
A1
/ɡɪv/
be flexible under stress of physical force
glad
A1
/ɡlæd/
feeling happy appreciation
glass
A1
/ɡlæs/
glassware collectively
glasses
A1
/ˈɡlæsɪz/
plural of glass
go
A1
/ɡu/ [ɡʊw]/
functioning correctly and ready for action
goal
A1
/ɡɒl/
a successful attempt at scoring
gold
A1
/ˈɡɒld/
having the deep slightly brownish color of gold
good
A1
/ɡʊd/
with or in a close or intimate relationship
good afternoon
A1
good morning
A1
good night
A1
grade
A1
/ɡɹeɪd/
the gradient of a slope or road or other surface
grammar
A1
/ˈɡɹæm.ɚ/
A formal system specifying the syntax of a language.
grandfather
A1
/ˈɡɹæn(d)ˌfɑðɚ/
the father of your father or mother
grandma
A1
/ˈɡɹænmɑː/
To address (someone) as “grandma”.
grandmother
A1
/ˈɡɹæn(d)ˌmʌðɚ/
A mother of someone's parent.
grandpa
A1
/ˈɡɹæm.pɑː/
the father of your father or mother
grandparent
A1
/ˈɡɹæn(d)pɛəɹənt/
The parent of someone's parent.
grape
A1
/ɡɹeɪp/
A small, round, smooth-skinned edible fruit, usually purple, red, or green, that grows in bunches on female vines of most species of genus Vitis and the self-fertile plants of species Vitis vinifera.
grass
A1
/ɡɹɑːs/
Any plant of the family Poaceae, characterized by leaves that arise from nodes in the stem and leaf bases that wrap around the stem, especially those grown as ground cover rather than for grain.
gray
A1
/ɡɹeɪ/
Dreary, gloomy, cloudy.
great
A1
/ˈɡɹæɪt/
of major significance or importance
green
A1
/ɡɹin/
looking pale and unhealthy
greet
A1
/ɡɹiːt/
react to in a certain way
ground
A1
/ɡɹʊnd/
a wall or canvas prepared to be painted on
group
A1
/ɡɹup/
any number of entities considered as a unit
grow
A1
/[ˈɡɾoː]/
increase in size by natural process
guess
A1
/ɡɛs/
an estimate based on little or no information
guest
A1
/ɡɛst/
A recipient of hospitality, especially someone staying by invitation at the house of another.
guitar
A1
/ɡɪˈtɑɹ/
A stringed musical instrument, of European origin, usually with a fretted fingerboard and six strings, played with the fingers or a plectrum (guitar pick).
guy
A1
/ɡæ/
an informal term for a youth or man
habit
A1
/ˈhæb.ɪt/
attire that is typically worn by a female horseback rider
had
A1
/hæd/
simple past and past participle of have
hair
A1
/ˈheːɹ/
any of the cylindrical filaments characteristically growing from the epidermis of a mammal
haircut
A1
/ˈhɛə(ɹ)kʌt/
A partial loss, financially: thus, in a bankruptcy proceeding, the proportional reduction in the debt that will be paid to each creditor (based on an evaluation of the total debt owed and the total assets of the debtor); among investors, the negative return on investment from a losing proposition.
half
A1
/ˈhaːf/
partially or to the extent of a half
hall
A1
/haːl/
a large room for gatherings or entertainment
hamburger
A1
/ˈhæmˌbɜɹ.ɡɚ/
An animal or human, or the flesh thereof, that has been badly injured as a result of an accident or conflict.
hand
A1
/ˈhænd/
physical assistance
handsome
A1
/ˈhæn.səm/
Having a pleasing appearance, good-looking, attractive, particularly
happen
A1
/ˈhæpən/
come to pass
happy
A1
/ˈhæpi/
well expressed and to the point
hard
A1
/hɑɹd/
with effort or force or vigor
has
A1
/hæz/
third-person singular simple present indicative of have
hat
A1
/hæ̞ʔ/
an informal term for a person's role
have
A1
/hæv/
have left
have to
A1
he
A1
/ˈhiː/
the nominative singular masculine pronoun
head
A1
/hɛd/
the front of a military formation or procession
headache
A1
/ˈhɛdeɪk/
A pain or ache in the head.
health
A1
/hɛlθ/
the general condition of body and mind
healthy
A1
/ˈhel.θi/
exercising or showing good judgment
hear
A1
/ˈhɪɚ/
receive a communication from someone
heart
A1
/hɑɹt/
a playing card in the major suit that has one or more red hearts on it
heavy
A1
/ˈhev.i/
requiring or showing effort
hello
A1
/hɛˈloʊ/
an expression of greeting
help
A1
/hɛlp/
improve the condition of
her
A1
/hɛː/
oblique (object) feminine singular pronoun
here
A1
/ˈhɪɚ̯/
in or at this place
hers
A1
/ˈhɔːz/
singular feminine possessive pronoun
hi
A1
/haɪ/
A friendly, informal, casual greeting said upon someone's arrival.
hide
A1
/haɪd/
the dressed skin of an animal, especially a large animal
high
A1
/haɪ/
at a great altitude
hill
A1
/hɪl/
a local and well-defined elevation of the land
him
A1
/ˈhɪm/
oblique singular masculine object pronoun
his
A1
/ɪ̈z/
singular masculine possessive pronoun
history
A1
/ˈhəs.tə.ɹi/
the discipline that records and interprets past events involving human beings
hobby
A1
/ˈhɑ.bi/
An activity that one enjoys doing in one's spare time.
hold
A1
/hold/
power by which something or someone is affected or dominated
hole
A1
/hɒl/
one playing period, from tee to green, on a golf course
holiday
A1
/ˈhɑləˌdeɪ/
a day on which work is suspended by law or custom
home
A1
/hoʊm/
at, to or in the direction of one's home or family
hometown
A1
/ˈhoʊmˌtaʊn/
the town or city where a person grew up or has their principal residence
homework
A1
/ˈhoʊmˌwɝk/
Exercises assigned by a teacher to a student which review concepts studied in class.
hope
A1
/hoʊp/
a specific instance of feeling hopeful
horse
A1
/hɔːs/
troops trained to fight on horseback
hospital
A1
/ˈhɑs.pɪ.tl̩/
A large medical facility, usually in a building with multiple floors, where seriously ill or injured patients are given extensive medical or surgical treatment.
hot
A1
/hɑt/
marked by excited activity
hotel
A1
/ˈhoʊ.tɛl/
A large town house or mansion; a grand private residence, especially in France.
hour
A1
/aː(ɹ)/
distance measured by the time taken to cover it
house
A1
/ˈhæʊ̯s/
play in which children take the roles of father or mother or children and pretend to interact like adults
how
A1
/huː/
To what degree or extent.
hungry
A1
/ˈhʌŋ.ɡɹi/
Affected by hunger; having the physical need for food.
hurry
A1
/ˈhʌ.ɹi/
a condition of urgency making it necessary to hurry
hurt
A1
/hɝt/
to give trouble or pain to
husband
A1
/ˈhʌzbənd/
A man in a marriage or marital relationship, especially in relation to his spouse.
I
A1
/ə/
The name of the Latin script letter I/i.
ice
A1
/[ʌɪs]/
a rink with a floor of ice for ice hockey or ice skating
ice cream
A1
idea
A1
/[ɑjˈdɪː(‿ɹ)]/
a personal view
ideal
A1
/aɪˈdi(ə)l/
constituting or existing only in the form of an idea or mental image or conception
if
A1
/ɪf/
Supposing that, assuming that, in the circumstances that; used to introduce a condition that may be (or prove to be) either true or false.
imagine
A1
/ɪˈmɛd͡ʒ.ɪn/
expect, believe, or suppose
important
A1
/ɪmˈpɔɹ.tənt/
of great significance or value
in
A1
/ən/
currently fashionable
information
A1
/ˌɪn.fɚˈmeɪ.ʃn̩/
(communication theory) a numerical measure of the uncertainty of an outcome
inside
A1
/ˈɪnsaɪd/
within a building
interested
A1
/ˈɪnt.əˌɹɛs.tɪd/
Having or showing interest (attention or curiosity).
interesting
A1
/ˈɪntəɹəstɪŋ/
Of concern; affecting, important.
Internet
A1
/ˈɪn(t)əɹˌnɛt/
Alternative letter-case form of Internet (“the specific internet consisting of a global network of computers that communicate using Internet Protocol (IP) and that use Border Gateway Protocol (BGP) to identify the best paths to route those communications”).
interview
A1
/ˈɪn.(t)ɚ.vju/
discuss formally with (somebody) for the purpose of an evaluation
interviewer
A1
/ˈɪntɚvjuɚ/
One who interviews.
into
A1
/ˈɪn.tiː/
To or towards the inside of.
introduce
A1
/ˌɪntɹəˈdʒuːs/
put before (a body)
is
A1
/ɘz/
third-person singular simple present indicative of be
island
A1
/ˈaɪlənd/
A contiguous area of land, smaller than a continent, totally surrounded by water.
it
A1
/ɘt/
The third-person singular neuter personal pronoun used to refer to an inanimate object, abstract entity, or non-human living thing.
item
A1
/ˈaɪ.təm/
(used when listing or enumerating items) also
its
A1
/ɪts/
Belonging to it.
jacket
A1
/ˈd͡ʒæk.ɪt/
in dentistry, a dental appliance consisting of an artificial crown for a broken or decayed tooth
January
A1
/ˈd͡ʒæn.juˌɛɹi/
The first month of the Gregorian calendar, following the December of the previous year and preceding February.
jeans
A1
/d͡ʒiːnz/
A pair of trousers made from denim cotton.
jet
A1
/ˈd͡ʒɛt/
of the blackest black
jewelry
A1
/ˈdʒuːəlri/
US standard spelling of jewellery.
job
A1
/dʒɑb/
a damaging piece of work
join
A1
/ˈd͡ʒɔɪn/
make contact or come together
judge
A1
/d͡ʒʌd͡ʒ/
form a critical opinion of
juice
A1
/d͡ʒɪʊ̯s/
any of several liquids of the body
July
A1
/d͡ʒəˈlaɪ/
The seventh month of the Gregorian calendar, following June and preceding August.
jump
A1
/d͡ʒʌmp/
a sudden and decisive increase
June
A1
/d͡ʒun/
The sixth month of the Gregorian calendar, following May and preceding July, containing the northern solstice.
just
A1
/[d͡ʒʌst]/
exactly at this moment or the moment described
keep
A1
/kiːp/
the financial means whereby one lives
key
A1
/ki/
a kilogram of a narcotic drug
kick
A1
/kɪk/
the act of delivering a blow with the foot
kid
A1
/kɪd/
a human offspring of any age
kill
A1
/ˈkɪʊ̯/
the destruction of an enemy plane or ship or tank or missile
kind
A1
/kaɪnd/
tolerant and forgiving under provocation
king
A1
/ˈkiŋ/
a male sovereign
kiss
A1
/kɪs/
a light glancing touch
kitchen
A1
/ˈkɪt͡ʃ(ə)n/
a room equipped for preparing meals
kite
A1
/kaɪt/
a plaything consisting of a light frame covered with tissue paper
knee
A1
/ni/
joint between the femur and tibia in a quadruped
knife
A1
/ˈnɐɪ̯f/
an edged tool used as a cutting instrument or weapon
know
A1
/no/
the fact of being aware of information that is known to few people
lady
A1
/ˈleɪ.di/
a woman of refinement
language
A1
/ˈlæŋ.ɡwɪd͡ʒ/
the mental faculty or power of vocal communication
large
A1
/lɑɹd͡ʒ/
with the wind abaft the beam
last name
A1
late
A1
/leɪt/
later than usual or than expected
later
A1
/ˈleɪ.tɚ/
comparative of the adverb 'late'
laugh
A1
/lɐːf/
a facial expression characteristic of a person laughing
lazy
A1
/ˈleɪzi/
moving slowly and gently
leader
A1
/ˈli.dɚ/
Any person who leads or directs.
leaf
A1
/liːf/
turn over pages
learn
A1
/lɝn/
gain knowledge or skills
leave
A1
/liːv/
permission to do something
left
A1
/ˈlɛf/
being or located on or directed toward the side of the body to the west when facing north
leg
A1
/leɪɡ/
the nautical distance traveled by a sailing vessel on a single tack
lesson
A1
/ˈlɛs.ən/
a task assigned for individual study
let
A1
/lɛt/
leave unchanged
letter
A1
/ˈlɛtɚ/
a written message addressed to a person or organization
library
A1
/ˈlaɪˌbɹɛɹ.i/
a room where books are kept
life
A1
/laɪf/
living things collectively
light
A1
/laɪt/
with few burdens
like
A1
/laɪ̯k/
having the same or similar characteristics
lily
A1
/ˈlɪli/
Any of several flowers in the genus Lilium of the family Liliaceae, which includes a great many ornamental species.
line
A1
/laɪn/
the principal activity in your life that you do to earn money
lion
A1
/ˈlaɪən/
A big cat, Panthera leo, native to Africa, India and formerly much of Europe.
list
A1
/lɪst/
cause to lean to the side
listen
A1
/ˈlɪs.ən/
To use one's sense of hearing and auditory cognition in an intentional way; to make deliberate use of one's ears; to pay attention to or wait for a specific sound.
little
A1
/ˈlɪ.tl̩/
faint or difficult to hear
live
A1
/ˈlaɪv/
not recorded
living
A1
/ˈlɪvɪŋ/
absolute, total
living room
A1
lonely
A1
/ˈloʊnli/
marked by dejection from being alone
long
A1
/lʊŋɡ/
for an extended time or at a distant time
look
A1
/lʊk/
the act of directing the eyes toward something and perceiving it visually
lot
A1
/lɑt/
a parcel of land having fixed boundaries
love
A1
/lʌv/
sexual activities, often including sexual intercourse, between two people
lovely
A1
/ˈlʌv.li/
Delightful for beauty, harmony, or grace.
luck
A1
/lʌk/
an unknown and unpredictable phenomenon that causes an event to result one way rather than another
lucky
A1
/ˈlʌki/
occurring by chance
lunch
A1
/ˈlʌntʃ/
take the midday meal
'm
A1
machine
A1
/məˈʃiːn/
a group that controls the activities of a political party
magazine
A1
/mæɡ.əˈzin/
product consisting of a paperback periodic publication as a physical object
mail
A1
/mel/
the system whereby messages are transmitted via the post office
make
A1
/meɪk/
act in a certain way so as to acquire
man
A1
/[ˈmɛə̯n]/
an adult human who is male
many
A1
/ˈmɛni/
before a countable noun: A large, indefinite number of.
map
A1
/ˈmæp/
explore or survey for the purpose of making a map
March
A1
match
A1
/mæt͡ʃ/
an exact duplicate
math
A1
/mæθ/
Clipping of mathematics.
matter
A1
/ˈmæt.ɚ/
that which has mass and occupies space
may
A1
May
A1
/meɪ/
To be able; can.
maybe
A1
/ˈmeɪ.bi/
Perhaps, possibly.
me
A1
/mi/
Initialism of Mass Effect.
meal
A1
/ˈmiːl/
Food that is prepared and eaten, usually at a specific time, and usually in a comparatively large quantity.
mean
A1
/miːn/
used of sums of money, so small in amount as to deserve contempt
meat
A1
/miːt/
The flesh (muscle tissue) of an animal used as food, or a food designed to replicate its taste and texture (like plant-based meat).
medicine
A1
/ˈmɛd.ɪ.sɪn/
the learned profession that is mastered by graduate training in a medical school and that is devoted to preventing or alleviating or curing diseases and injuries
meet
A1
/mit/
being precisely fitting and right
meeting
A1
/ˈmitɪŋ/
the social act of assembling for some common purpose
memory
A1
/ˈmɪm.ə.ɹi/
an electronic memory device
merry
A1
/ˈmɛ.ɹi/
Jolly and full of high spirits; happy.
message
A1
/ˈmɛs.ɪd͡ʒ/
a, usually brief, communication that is written or spoken or signaled
middle
A1
/[ˈmɨdl̩]/
between an earlier and a later period of time
milk
A1
/mɪlk/
take milk from female mammals
mind
A1
/ˈmaɪnd/
knowledge and intellectual ability
mine
A1
/maɪ̯n/
lay mines
minute
A1
/ˈmɪnɪt/
characterized by painstaking care and detailed examination
Miss
A1
miss
A1
/mɪs/
leave undone or leave out
mobile
A1
/ˈmoʊ.bəl/
capable of changing quickly from one state or condition to another
mobile phone
A1
mom
A1
/mɑm/
Mother.
moment
A1
/momən(ʔ)/
a particular point in time
mommy
A1
/ˈmɔ.mi/
informal terms for a mother
Monday
A1
/ˈmʌn.deɪ/
The second day of the week in many religious traditions, and the first day of the week in systems using the ISO 8601 norm. It follows Sunday and precedes Tuesday.
money
A1
/ˈmʌn.i/
wealth in terms of accessible currency
monkey
A1
/ˈmʊŋki/
A member of the clade Simiiformes other than those in the clade Hominoidea containing apes, generally (but not universally) distinguished by small size, tails, and cheek pouches.
month
A1
/mʌnθ/
a time unit of approximately 30 days
moon
A1
/mun/
any natural satellite of a planet
more
A1
/mɔɹ/
used to form the comparative of some adjectives and adverbs
morning
A1
/ˈmɔɹnɪŋ/
the time period between dawn and noon
most
A1
/ˈmoʊst/
used to form the superlative
mother
A1
/ˈmʌðɚ/
a condition that is the inspiration for an activity or situation
mountain
A1
/ˈmuːn.tɪn/
a land mass that projects well above its surroundings
mouse
A1
/mʌʊs/
any of numerous small rodents typically resembling diminutive rats having pointed snouts and small ears on elongated bodies with slender, usually hairless, tails
mouth
A1
/maʊθ/
the opening of a jar or bottle
move
A1
/muːv/
the act of deciding to do something
movie
A1
/ˈmuːvi/
a form of entertainment that enacts a story by sound and a sequence of images giving the illusion of continuous movement
Mr.
A1
/ˈmɪstɝ/
Abbreviation of Mister.
Mrs.
A1
/ˈmɪsɪz/
Abbreviation of Missus or Mistress; used before an adult woman's name or surname, used for any high-status woman without regard to marital status until the 1800s, after which it began to be reserved for married, divorced and widowed women and used with their married surnames.
much
A1
/mʊt͡ʃ/
(degree adverb used before a noun phrase) for all practical purposes but not completely
mum
A1
/mʌm/
secrecy
music
A1
/ˈmju.zɪk/
musical activity i.e. singing, whistling, playing an instrument and so on
musician
A1
/mjuˈzɪʃən/
A composer, conductor, or performer of music; specifically, a person who sings and/or plays a musical instrument as a hobby, occupation, or profession.
must
A1
/məst/
a necessary or essential thing
my
A1
/maɪ/
First-person singular possessive determiner. See Appendix:Possessive#English.
name
A1
/neɪm/
by the sanction or authority of
nationality
A1
/ˌnæʃ.əˈnæl.ɪ.ti/
people having common origins or traditions and often comprising a nation
near
A1
/nɪɚ/
near in time or place or relationship
neck
A1
/nɛk/
an opening in a garment for the neck of the wearer
need
A1
/nid/
anything that is necessary but lacking
neighbor
A1
/ˈneɪ.bɚ/
a nearby object of the same kind
never
A1
/ˈnɛv.ɚ/
At no time; on no occasion; in no circumstance.
new
A1
/nju/
very recently
news
A1
/nuːz/
the quality of being sufficiently interesting to be reported in news bulletins
newspaper
A1
/ˈn(j)usˌpeɪpɚ/
the physical object that is the product of a newspaper publisher
nice
A1
/ˈnaːs/
exhibiting courtesy and politeness
night
A1
/niːt/
darkness
nine
A1
/naj(ə)n/
A numerical value equal to 9; the number following eight and preceding ten.
nineteen
A1
/ˈnaɪnˌtin/
The cardinal number occurring after eighteen and before twenty, represented in Roman numerals as XIX and in Arabic numerals as 19. It is the last/largest of the "teens".
ninety
A1
/ˈnaɪn.di/
being ten more than eighty
no
A1
/no/
used to express refusal or denial or disagreement etc or especially to emphasize a negative statement
noise
A1
/ˈnoɪ̯z/
incomprehensibility resulting from irrelevant information or meaningless facts or remarks
nose
A1
/[noːz]/
a front that resembles a human nose (especially the front of an aircraft)
not
A1
/nɑt/
negation of a word or group of words
note
A1
/ˈnoʊ̯t/
a characteristic emotional quality
notebook
A1
/ˈnoʊtˌbʊk/
A book (physical or digital) in which notes or memoranda are written.
nothing
A1
/ˈnʌt.ɪŋ/
a quantity of no importance
November
A1
/noʊˈvɛmbɚ/
The eleventh month of the Gregorian calendar, following October and preceding December.
now
A1
/naʊ/
in these times
number
A1
/ˈnʌmbər/
an item of merchandise offered for sale
nurse
A1
/nɝs/
to try to cure by special care of treatment, of an illness or injury
o'clock
A1
/əˈklɑk/
according to the clock, usually used at whole hour intervals
October
A1
/ɑkˈtoʊ.bəɹ/
The tenth month of the Gregorian calendar, following September and preceding November.
of
A1
/ʌv/
Expressing distance or motion.
off
A1
/ɔf/
no longer on or in contact or attached
office
A1
/ˈɔ.fɪs/
a religious rite or service prescribed by ecclesiastical authorities
officer
A1
/ˈɒf.ə.sə/
any person in the armed services who holds a position of authority or command
often
A1
/ˈɔfən/
many times at short intervals
OK
A1
/ˌoʊˈkeɪ/
in a satisfactory or adequate manner
old
A1
/old/
skilled through long experience
Olympics
A1
/oʊˈlɪmpɪks/
The Olympic Games.
on
A1
/ɔn/
with a forward motion
once
A1
/wʌn(t)s/
on one occasion
one
A1
/wɐn/
being a single entity made by combining separate components
only
A1
/ˈɑːn.li/
with nevertheless the final result
open
A1
/ˈɒ.pɪn/
ready for business
opera
A1
/ˈɑp.ə.ɹə/
A building designed for the performance of such works; an opera house.
or
A1
/ə(ɹ)/
Connects at least two alternative words, phrases, clauses, sentences, etc., each of which could make a passage true.
orange
A1
/ˈɔɹ.ənd͡ʒ/
of the color between red and yellow
order
A1
/ˈɔɹ.dɚ/
the act of putting things in a sequential arrangement
other
A1
/ʊðə/
not the same one or ones already mentioned or implied
our
A1
/ˈaʊə(ɹ)/
Belonging to us, excluding the person(s) being addressed (exclusive our).
ours
A1
/ˈaʊɚz/
That or those belonging to us.
out
A1
/ˈɒʔ/
away from home
outside
A1
/ˈaʊt.saɪd/
outside a building
over
A1
/ˈaʊæː/
over the entire area
own
A1
/ɑːn/
have ownership or possession of
owner
A1
/ˈoʊnɚ/
someone who owns or is legal possessor of a business
p.m.
A1
/ˌpiː ˈɛm/
the person who holds the position of head of the government in the United Kingdom
page
A1
/peɪd͡ʒ/
one side of one leaf of a book, magazine, etc., or the written or pictorial matter it contains
paint
A1
/peɪnt/
in basketball, a space including the foul line in front of the basket at each end of a basketball court, usually painted a different color from the rest of the court
painting
A1
/ˈpeɪn.tɪŋ/
the occupation of a house painter
pair
A1
/pɛ(ə)ɹ/
form a pair or pairs
palace
A1
/ˈpæl.ɪs/
the governing group of a kingdom
pants
A1
/ˈpænts/
An outer garment that covers the body from the waist downwards, covering each leg separately, usually as far as the ankles; trousers.
paper
A1
/ˈpeɪ̯.pəɹ/
the physical object that is the product of a newspaper publisher
paragraph
A1
/ˈpæɹəɡɹæf/
write paragraphs
pardon
A1
/ˈpɑɹdn̩/
grant a pardon to
parent
A1
/ˈpɛ(ə)ɹənt/
A person who raises a child (which they have made, adopted, fostered, taken as their own, etc.).
park
A1
/pɑɹk/
a facility in which ball games are played (especially baseball games)
partner
A1
/ˈpɑɹt.nɚ/
act as a partner
party
A1
/ˈpɑɹ.ti/
an occasion on which people can assemble for social interaction and entertainment
past
A1
/past/
so as to pass a given point
pay
A1
/ˈpeɪ/
bear a cost or penalty, in recompense for some action
peace
A1
/pis/
a treaty to cease hostilities
pen
A1
/ˈpɛn/
An enclosure (enclosed area) used to contain domesticated animals, especially sheep or cattle.
pencil
A1
/ˈpɛnsəl/
graphite (or a similar substance) used in such a way as to be a medium of communication
people
A1
/ˈpi.pəl/
(plural) any group of human beings (men or women or children) collectively
period
A1
/ˈpɪɚ.i.əd/
a punctuation mark (.) placed at the end of a declarative sentence to indicate a full stop or after abbreviations
person
A1
/ˈpɜɹ.sən/
a human being
personal
A1
/ˈpɜɹ.sə.nəl/
concerning or affecting a particular person or his or her private life and personality
pet
A1
/pɛt/
stroke or caress gently
phone
A1
/ˈfoʊ̯n/
electronic equipment that converts sound into electrical signals that can be transmitted over distances and then converts received signals back into sounds
photo
A1
/ˈfo.to/
A photograph.
piano
A1
/piˈænoʊ/
used chiefly as a direction or description in music
pick
A1
/pɪk/
a heavy iron tool with a wooden handle and a curved head that is pointed on both ends
picnic
A1
/ˈpɪknɪk/
any undertaking that is easy to do
picture
A1
/ˈpɘk.t͡ʃɘː/
a visual representation (of an object or scene or person or abstraction) produced on a surface
piece
A1
/piːs/
a separate part of a whole
pig
A1
/pɪɡ/
Any of several mammalian species of the family Suidae, having cloven hooves, bristles and a snout adapted for digging; especially the domesticated animal Sus domesticus.
pink
A1
/ˈpiŋk/
A color reminiscent of pinks, the flowers.
pizza
A1
/ˈpiːtsə/
A baked Italian dish of a thinly rolled bread crust typically topped before baking with tomato sauce, cheese, and other ingredients such as meat or vegetables.
place
A1
/ˈpleːs/
an abstract mental location
plan
A1
/plæn/
scale drawing of a structure
plane
A1
/pleɪn/
an aircraft that has a fixed wing and is powered by propellers or jets
play
A1
/pleɪ/
activity by children that is guided more by imagination than by fixed rules
player
A1
/ˈpleɪ.ɚ/
someone who plays a musical instrument as a profession
please
A1
/pliz/
used in polite request
pleasure
A1
/ˈplɛʒɚ/
sexual gratification
pocket
A1
/ˈpɑ.kɪt/
a small pouch inside a garment for carrying small articles
poem
A1
/ˈpoʊ.əm/
A literary piece written in verse.
point
A1
/ˈpɔɪnt/
a geometric element that has position but no extension
pollution
A1
/pəˈluʃən/
Physical contamination, now especially the contamination of the environment by harmful substances, or by disruptive levels of noise, light etc.
pool
A1
/pul/
an organization of people or resources that can be shared
poor
A1
/pʊɚ/
unsatisfactory
pop
A1
/pɑp/
like a pop or with a pop
post
A1
/poʊst/
the delivery and collection of letters and packages
poster
A1
/ˈpoʊstɚ/
a sign posted in a public place as an advertisement
potato
A1
/pəˈteɪ.təʊ/
A plant of species Solanum tuberosum or its edible starchy tuber.
practice
A1
/ˈpɹæktɪs/
a customary way of operation or behavior
pray
A1
/pɹeɪ/
address a deity, a prophet, a saint or an object of worship
present
A1
/ˈpɹez.ənt/
being or existing in a specified place
pretty
A1
/ˈpɹɪt.i/
unexpectedly bad, used in an ironic manner
price
A1
/ˈpɹɐɪ̯s/
the high value or worth of something
prince
A1
/pɹɪns/
A (male) ruler, a sovereign; a king, monarch.
princess
A1
/ˈpɹɪnsɛs/
a female descendant of a monarch
problem
A1
/ˈpɹɑbləm/
a question raised for consideration or solution
program
A1
/ˈpɹoʊ̯ˌɡɹæm/
a performance (or series of performances) at a public presentation
purple
A1
/ˈpɝ.pl̩/
excessively elaborate or showily expressed
push
A1
/pʊʃ/
the act of applying force in order to move something away
put
A1
/pʊt/
adapt
quarter
A1
/ˈk(w)ɔɹ.tɚ/
clemency or mercy shown to a defeated opponent
question
A1
/ˈkwɛʃ.tən/
uncertainty about the truth, factuality, or existence of something
quickly
A1
/ˈkwɪkli/
with rapid movements
quiet
A1
/ˈkwaɪ̯.ɪt/
with little or no activity or no agitation
rabbit
A1
/ˈɹæbət/
A mammal of most genera of the family Leporidae, with long ears, long hind legs and a short, fluffy tail.
radio
A1
/ˈɹeɪ.diˌoʊ/
indicating radiation or radioactivity
rain
A1
/ˈɹæɪ̯n/
anything happening rapidly or in quick successive
rainy
A1
/ˈɹeɪni/
areas or periods of time when it often rains
rat
A1
/ɹæt/
A medium-sized rodent belonging to the genus Rattus.
're
A1
read
A1
/ɹid/
something that is read
reader
A1
/ˈɹidɚ/
A person who reads.
reading
A1
/ˈɹiːdɪŋ/
the act of measuring with meters or similar instruments
ready
A1
/ˈɹed.i/
made suitable and available for immediate use
real
A1
/ɹil/
used as intensifiers
really
A1
/ˈɹɪ.li/
used as intensifiers
reason
A1
/ˈɹi.zən/
the capacity for rational thought or inference or discrimination
red
A1
/ɹɛd/
suffused with blood from emotion or exertion, reddened
remember
A1
/ɹɪˈmɛmbɚ/
exercise, or have the power of, memory
repeat
A1
/ɹɪˈpit/
an event that repeats
reporter
A1
/ɹɪˈpoɹ.tɚ/
Someone or something that reports.
restaurant
A1
/ˈɹɛst(ə)ˌɹɑnt/
An eating establishment in which diners are served food, usually by waiters at their tables but sometimes (as in a fast food restaurant) at a counter.
result
A1
/ɹɪˈzʌlt/
something that results
review
A1
/ɹɪˈvjuː/
a formal or official examination
ribbon
A1
/ˈɹɪbən/
any long object resembling a thin line
rice
A1
/ɹaɪs/
sieve so that it becomes the consistency of rice
rich
A1
/ˈɹɪt͡ʃ/
pleasantly full and mellow
ride
A1
/ˈraɪd/
keep partially engaged by slightly depressing a pedal with the foot
right
A1
/[ˈɹɒɪʔ]/
very, regional use common to the southern United States
ring
A1
/ˈɹɪŋɡ/
jewelry consisting of a circlet of precious metal worn on the finger and often set with jewels
river
A1
/ˈɹɪvɚ/
a large natural stream of water
role
A1
/ɹoʊl/
normal or customary activity of a person in a particular social setting
room
A1
/ɹum/
an area within a building enclosed by walls and floor and ceiling
rose
A1
/ɹoʊz/
of something having a dusty purplish pink color
row
A1
/ˈɹoʊ/
a continuous chronological succession without an interruption
rude
A1
/ɹud/
belonging to an early stage of technical development
rule
A1
/ɹuːl/
a principle or condition that customarily governs behavior
ruler
A1
/ˈɹuː.lə/
A (usually rigid), flat, rectangular measuring or drawing device with graduations in units of measurement; a straightedge with markings.
run
A1
/ɹʊn/
have a particular form
's
A1
sad
A1
/ˈsæd/
experiencing or showing sorrow or unhappiness
sailor
A1
/ˈseɪ.lɚ/
A person who sails; one whose occupation is sailing or navigating ships or other waterborne craft.
salad
A1
/ˈsæl.əd/
A food made primarily of a mixture of raw or cold ingredients, typically vegetables, usually served with a dressing such as vinegar or mayonnaise.
sale
A1
/seːl/
a particular instance of selling
same
A1
/seːm/
closely similar or comparable in kind or quality or quantity or degree
sandwich
A1
/ˈsænˌ(d)wɪt͡ʃ/
two or more slices of bread with a filling between them
Saturday
A1
/ˈsæt.ə.də/
The seventh day of the week in many religious traditions, and the sixth day of the week in systems using the ISO 8601 norm; the Jewish Sabbath; it follows Friday and precedes Sunday.
save
A1
/seɪv/
(sports) the act of preventing the opposition from scoring
saw
A1
/sɑ/
cut with a saw
say
A1
/seɪ/
the chance to speak
school
A1
/skul/
a building where young people receive education
science
A1
/ˈsaɪ.əns/
a particular branch of scientific knowledge
scientist
A1
/ˈsaɪəntəst/
One whose activities make use of the scientific method to answer questions regarding the measurable universe. A scientist may be involved in original research, or make use of the results of the research of others.
sea
A1
/siː/
a division of an ocean or a large body of salt water partially enclosed by land
seat
A1
/siːt/
any support where you can sit, especially the part of a chair or bench etc. on which you sit
second
A1
/ˈsɛk.ənd/
in the second place
section
A1
/ˈsɛkʃən/
one of several parts or pieces that fit with others to constitute a whole object
see
A1
/ˈsi/
perceive (an idea or situation) mentally
self
A1
/ˈsɛlf/
(used as a combining form) relating to--of or by or to or from or for--the self
sell
A1
/sɛl/
be sold at a certain price or in a certain way
sentence
A1
/ˈsɛn.təns/
a string of words satisfying the grammatical rules of a language
September
A1
/sɛpˈtɛmbɚ/
The ninth month of the Gregorian calendar, following August and preceding October, containing the southward equinox.
set
A1
/sɛt/
get ready for a particular purpose or event
seven
A1
/ˈsɛvən/
A numerical value equal to 7; the number following six and preceding eight. This many dots: (•••••••). Describing a group or set with seven elements.
seventeen
A1
/ˈsɛvənˈtiːn/
The cardinal number occurring after sixteen and before eighteen, represented in Roman numerals as XVII and in Arabic numerals as 17.
seventy
A1
/ˈsɛv.ən.ti/
The translators of the Septuagint
shake
A1
/ˈʃeɪk/
undermine or cause to waver
share
A1
/ʃɛɚ/
the allotment of some amount by dividing something
she
A1
/ʃi/
nominative singular feminine pronoun
sheep
A1
/ʃip/
a docile and vulnerable person who would rather follow than make an independent decision
shelf
A1
/ʃɛlf/
A flat, rigid structure, fixed at right angles to a wall or forming a part of a cabinet, desk, etc., and used to display, store, or support objects.
ship
A1
/ˈʃɪp/
place on board a ship
shirt
A1
/ʃɜɹt/
An article of clothing that is worn on the upper part of the body, and often has sleeves, either long or short, that cover the arms.
shoe
A1
/ˈʃu/
furnish with shoes
shop
A1
/ʃɑp/
a course of instruction in a trade (as carpentry or electricity)
shopping
A1
/ˈʃɑpɪŋ/
searching for or buying goods or services
short
A1
/ʃɔɹt/
at a disadvantage
should
A1
/ʃəd/
simple past of shall
shoulder
A1
/ˈʃoʊldɚ/
a narrow edge of land, usually unpaved, along the side of a road
show
A1
/ʃoʊ/
the act of publicly exhibiting or entertaining
shower
A1
/ˈʃuː.ɐ/
washing yourself by standing upright under water sprayed from a nozzle
shy
A1
/ʃaɪ/
a quick throw
sick
A1
/ˈsɪk/
deeply affected by a strong feeling
side
A1
/saɪd/
an extended outer surface of an object
sight
A1
/saɪt/
the range of vision
sign
A1
/ˈsaɪn/
structure displaying a board on which advertisements can be posted
sing
A1
/sɪŋ/
make a whining, ringing, or whistling sound
singer
A1
/ˈsɪŋɚ/
A person who sings, often professionally.
sir
A1
/sɝ/
A respectful term of address to a man of higher rank or position, particularly
sister
A1
/ˈsɪs.tɚ/
a female person who is a fellow member of a sorority or labor union or other group
sit
A1
/sɪt/
be in session
site
A1
/saɪt/
a computer connected to the internet that maintains a series of web pages on the World Wide Web
six
A1
/sɪks/
A numerical value equal to 6; the number following five and preceding seven. This number of dots: (••••••).
sixteen
A1
/sɪkˈstiːn/
The cardinal number occurring after fifteen and before seventeen, represented in Arabic numerals as 16 and in Roman numerals as XVI.
sixty
A1
/ˈsɪksti/
The cardinal number occurring after fifty-nine and before sixty-one, represented in Roman numerals as LX and in Arabic numerals as 60.
size
A1
/saɪz/
(used in combination) sized
skill
A1
/skɪl/
ability to produce solutions in some problem domain
skirt
A1
/skɚt/
A separate article of clothing, usually worn by women and girls, that hangs from the waist and covers the lower torso and part of the legs.
sky
A1
/ˈskaɪ/
The atmosphere above a given point, especially as visible from the surface of the Earth as the place where the sun, moon, stars, and clouds are seen.
sleep
A1
/ˈsliːp/
a natural and periodic state of rest during which consciousness of the world is suspended
slow
A1
/slaː/
without speed; 'slow' is sometimes used informally for 'slowly'
small
A1
/smɔl/
on a small scale
smart
A1
/smɑɹt/
capable of independent and apparently intelligent action
smell
A1
/ˈsmɛl/
the sensation that results when olfactory receptors in the nose are stimulated by particular chemicals in gaseous form
smile
A1
/ˈsmaɪl/
express with a smile
smith
A1
/smɪθ/
A craftsperson who works metal into desired forms using a hammer and other tools, sometimes heating the metal to make it more workable, especially a blacksmith.
smoke
A1
/smoʊk/
the act of smoking tobacco or other substances
smoking
A1
/ˈsmoʊkɪŋ/
emitting smoke in great volume
snake
A1
/ˈsneɪk/
move along a winding path
snow
A1
/snoʊ̯/
a street name for cocaine
snowy
A1
/ˈsnoʊi/
Marked by snow; characterized by snow.
so
A1
/siː/
in a manner that facilitates
soccer
A1
/ˈsɑk.ɚ/
Association football.
social
A1
/ˈsoʊ.ʃəl/
marked by friendly companionship with others
sofa
A1
/ˈsoʊ̯fə/
An upholstered seat with a raised back and one or two raised ends, long enough to comfortably accommodate two or more people.
solve
A1
/sɑlv/
find the solution to a problem or question
some
A1
/sʊm/
remarkable
someone
A1
/ˈsʌmˌwən/
One or some person of unspecified or indefinite identity.
something
A1
/ˈsʌm.θɪŋ/
An uncertain or unspecified thing; one thing.
son
A1
/sʌn/
a male human offspring
song
A1
/sɔŋ/
the act of singing
soon
A1
/sun/
in the near future
sorry
A1
/ˈsɑɹ.i/
without merit
soup
A1
/sup/
an unfortunate situation
speak
A1
/spik/
to express in speech
special
A1
/ˈspeʃ.əl/
surpassing what is common or usual or expected
speech
A1
/spiːt͡ʃ/
words making up the dialogue of a play
spell
A1
/spɛl/
a verbal formula believed to have magical force
spend
A1
/spɛnd/
pay out
sport
A1
/spɔɹt/
a person known for the way she (or he) behaves when teased or defeated or subjected to trying circumstances
spot
A1
/spɑt/
mark with a spot or spots so as to allow easy recognition
spring
A1
/ˈspɹiŋ/
spring back
spy
A1
/spaɪ/
A person who secretly watches and examines the actions of other individuals or organizations and gathers information on them (usually to gain an advantage).
stage
A1
/steɪd͡ʒ/
a section or portion of a journey or course
stand
A1
/stænd/
a defensive effort
star
A1
/stɑɹ/
mark with an asterisk
start
A1
/stɑɹt/
a turn to be a starter in the beginning of a game
station
A1
/ˈsteɪʃən/
a facility equipped with special equipment and personnel for a particular purpose
stay
A1
/steɪ/
continuing or remaining in a place or state
step
A1
/ˈstɛp/
the act of changing location by raising the foot and setting it down
still
A1
/stɪl/
without moving or making a sound
stone
A1
/stoʊ̯n/
building material consisting of a piece of rock hewn in a definite shape for a special purpose
stop
A1
/stɑp/
a brief stay in the course of a journey
store
A1
/stɔɹ/
a depository for goods
story
A1
/ˈstɔ.ɹi/
a record or narrative description of past events
straight
A1
/stɹeɪt/
in keeping with the facts
strange
A1
/stɹeɪnd͡ʒ/
not known before
street
A1
/stɹit/
a thoroughfare (usually including sidewalks) that is lined with buildings
strict
A1
/stɹɪkt/
Strained; drawn close; tight.
strong
A1
/stɹæŋ/
not faint or feeble
student
A1
/ˈstjuː.dn̩t/
A person who studies or learns about a particular subject.
study
A1
/ˈstʌd.i/
a room used for reading and writing and studying
subject
A1
/ˈsʌb.d͡ʒɛkt/
likely to be affected by something
subway
A1
/ˈsʌbˌweɪ/
an electric railway operating below the surface of the ground (usually in a city)
successful
A1
/səkˈses.fəl/
having succeeded or being marked by a favorable outcome
sugar
A1
/ˈʃʊɡ.ɚ/
an essential structural component of living cells and source of energy for animals
suggestion
A1
/sə(ɡ)ˈd͡ʒɛs.t͡ʃən/
an idea that is suggested
sum
A1
/ˈsʌm/
the final aggregate
summer
A1
/ˈsʌmɚ/
the period of finest development, happiness, or beauty
sun
A1
/sʌn/
the star that is the source of light and heat for the planets in the solar system
Sunday
A1
/ˈsʌn.deɪ/
The first day of the week in many religious traditions, and the seventh day of the week in systems using the ISO 8601 standard; the Christian Sabbath; the Lord's Day; it follows Saturday and precedes Monday.
sunny
A1
/ˈsʊni/
Featuring a lot of sunshine.
sunshine
A1
/ˈsʌnʃaɪn/
The direct rays, light or warmth of the sun.
super
A1
/[ˈsypɑ]/
extremely large
supermarket
A1
/ˌsupɚˈmɑɹkət/
A large self-service store that sells groceries and, usually, medications, household goods, and/or clothing.
sure
A1
/ʃɔː(ɹ)/
definitely or positively (`sure' is sometimes used informally for `surely')
surf
A1
/sɝf/
ride the waves of the sea with a surfboard
surprise
A1
/sɚˈpɹaɪ̯z/
cause to be surprised
survey
A1
/ˈsɝˌveɪ/
hold a review of troops
sweet
A1
/swit/
in an affectionate or loving manner (`sweet' is sometimes a poetic or informal variant of `sweetly')
swim
A1
/sʋɪm/
be dizzy or giddy
swimming
A1
/ˈswɪmɪŋ/
filled or brimming with tears
swimming pool
A1
table
A1
/ˈteɪbl̩/
a piece of furniture having a smooth flat top that is usually supported by one or more vertical legs
take
A1
/teɪk/
buy, select
talk
A1
/tɔk/
the act of giving a talk to an audience
tall
A1
/taːl/
lofty in style
taxi
A1
/ˈtæksi/
travel slowly
tea
A1
/ti/
a light midafternoon meal of tea and sandwiches or cakes
teach
A1
/tiːt͡ʃ/
To pass on knowledge to.
teacher
A1
/ˈti.t͡ʃɚ/
a personified abstraction that teaches
team
A1
/tiːm/
two or more draft animals that work together to pull something
technology
A1
/tɛkˈnɑ.lə.dʒi/
The combined application of science and art in practical ways in industry, as for example in designing new machines.
telephone
A1
/ˈtɛləˌfoʊn/
electronic equipment that converts sound into electrical signals that can be transmitted over distances and then converts received signals back into sounds
television
A1
/ˈtɛlɪˌvɪʒən/
An electronic communication medium that allows the transmission of real-time visual images, and often sound.
tell
A1
/[tʰɔː]/
discern or comprehend
temple
A1
/ˈtɛm.pl̩/
the flat area on either side of the forehead
ten
A1
/tɪn/
The number occurring after nine and before eleven, represented in Arabic numerals (base ten) as 10 and in Roman numerals as X.
tennis
A1
/ˈtɛnɪs/
A sport played by two players (or four in doubles), who alternately strike the ball over a net using racquets.
terrible
A1
/ˈtɝ.bəl/
Dreadful; causing terror, alarm and fear; awesome
test
A1
/[tʰest]/
the act of validating something
than
A1
/ðæn/
Used in comparisons, to introduce the basis of comparison.
thank
A1
/ˈfæ̞ŋk/
singular of thanks (“an expression of appreciation or gratitude; grateful feelings or thoughts; favour, goodwill, graciousness”)
thanks
A1
/ˈθeɪ̯ŋks/
with the help of or owing to
that
A1
/ðət/
Introducing a clause that is the object of a verb, especially a reporting verb or verb expressing belief, knowledge, perception, etc.
the
A1
/ðə/
Used before a noun phrase, including a simple noun
theater
A1
/ˈθi(ə)tɚ/
A region where a particular action takes place; a specific field of action, usually with reference to war.
their
A1
/ðeɹ/
Belonging to, from, of, or relating to, them (plural).
them
A1
/ˈðɛm/
Those ones.
then
A1
/ðen/
subsequently or soon afterward, often used as sentence connectors
there
A1
/ðə(ɹ)/
in or at that place
these
A1
/ðiz/
plural of this
they
A1
/ˈðæ̝ɪ̯/
3rd person nominative singular pronoun, indicating a person who is hypothetical or whose identity is unknown; used with plural verbs
thick
A1
/θɘk/
in quick succession
thin
A1
/θɪn/
without viscosity
thing
A1
/ˈθiŋ/
an action
think
A1
/[ˈθæŋk]/
an instance of deliberate thinking
thirteen
A1
/ˌθɝtˈtin/
The cardinal number occurring after twelve and before fourteen: ten and three.
thirty
A1
/ˈθɝti/
The cardinal number occurring after twenty-nine and before thirty-one, represented in Arabic numerals as 30.
this
A1
/ðɪs/
The (thing) here (used in indicating something or someone nearby).
those
A1
/ðoʊz/
plural of that
three
A1
/fɹiː/
A numerical value after two and before four. Represented in Arabic digits as 3; this many dots (•••).
through
A1
/θɹu/
throughout the entire extent
throw
A1
/θɹoʊ/
the act of throwing (propelling something with a rapid movement of the arm and wrist)
Thursday
A1
/ˈθɔːz.də/
The fifth day of the week in many religious traditions, and the fourth day of the week in systems using the ISO 8601 norm; it follows Wednesday and precedes Friday.
ticket
A1
/ˈtɪk.ət/
the appropriate or desirable thing
tiger
A1
/ˈtaɪɡɚ/
a fierce or audacious person
tight
A1
/taɪt/
affected by scarcity and expensive to borrow
time
A1
/tɑɪm/
a person's experience on a particular occasion
tired
A1
/[ˈtajəd]/
repeated too often
to
A1
/tuː/
A particle used for marking the following verb as an infinitive.
today
A1
/təˈdeɪ/
on this day as distinct from yesterday or tomorrow
together
A1
/tʊˈɡɛðɚ/
at the same time
toilet
A1
/ˈtɔɪ.lət/
the act of dressing and preparing yourself
tomato
A1
/təˈmeɪ.toʊ/
The savory fruit of this plant, most often red when ripe, treated as a vegetable in horticulture and cooking.
tomorrow
A1
/ðəˈmɒɹæ/
the day after today
tonight
A1
/təˈnaɪt/
during the night of the present day
too
A1
/tu/
in addition
tool
A1
/tuːl/
ride in a car with no particular goal and just for the pleasure of it
tooth
A1
/tuθ/
A hard, calcareous structure present in the mouth of many vertebrate animals, generally used for biting and chewing food.
top
A1
/tɑp/
a garment, especially for women, that extends from the shoulders to the waist or hips
topic
A1
/ˈtɑpɪk/
some situation or event that is thought about
touch
A1
/tʌt͡ʃ/
the act of putting two things together with no space between them
towel
A1
/ˈtæʊ̯əl/
wipe with a towel
tower
A1
/[ˈtɑːə]/
A tall, narrow structure (significantly taller than it is wide, either standing alone or forming part of a larger structure.
town
A1
/ˈtæʊ̯n/
the people living in a municipality smaller than a city
toy
A1
/taɪ/
a device regarded as providing amusement
train
A1
/tɹeɪn/
wheelwork consisting of a connected set of rotating gears by which force is transmitted or motion or torque is changed
travel
A1
/ˈtɹævəl/
the act of going from one place to another
tree
A1
/tɹiː/
a figure that branches from a single root
trip
A1
/tɹɪp/
an unintentional but embarrassing blunder
trousers
A1
/ˈtɹaʊzɚz/
An article of clothing that covers the part of the body between the waist and the ankles or knees, and is divided into a separate part for each leg.
truck
A1
/tɹʊk/
convey (goods etc.) by truck
true
A1
/tɹuː/
as acknowledged
try
A1
/tɹaɪ/
melt (fat or lard) in order to separate out impurities
T-shirt
A1
/ˈtiːʃɚt/
A lightweight shirt without buttons, usually with short sleeves and no collar. Often made of cotton and frequently bears a picture or slogan.
tube
A1
/tuːb/
an electric railway operating below the surface of the ground (usually in a city)
Tuesday
A1
/ˈtjuːz.deɪ/
The third day of the week in many religious traditions, and the second day of the week in systems that use the ISO 8601 norm; it follows Monday and precedes Wednesday.
turkey
A1
/ˈtɝki/
an event that fails badly or is totally ineffectual
turn
A1
/tɔːn/
taking a short walk out and back
TV
A1
/ˌtiːˈviː/
an electronic device that receives television signals and displays them on a screen
twelve
A1
/twɜːlv/ [tʰw̥əːɫv]/
The cardinal number occurring after eleven and before thirteen, represented in Arabic numerals as 12 and in Roman numerals as XII.
twenty
A1
/ˈtwɛnti/
The numbers twenty (20) to twenty-nine (29).
two
A1
/tu/
being one more than one
type
A1
/taɪp/
a subdivision of a particular kind of thing
ugly
A1
/ˈʌɡli/
displeasing to the senses
umbrella
A1
/ˈʌm.bɹɛl.ə/
covering or applying simultaneously to a number of similar items or elements or groups
uncle
A1
/ˈʌŋ.kl̩/
the brother of a father or mother
under
A1
/ˈʌndɚ/
further down
underline
A1
/ˈʌndɚˌlaɪn/
a line drawn underneath, especially under written matter
until
A1
/ʌnˈtɪl/
Up to the time of (something happening); pending.
up
A1
/[ʊp]/
spatially or metaphorically from a lower to a higher position
us
A1
/əs/
Me and at least one other person, excluding the person(s) being addressed. (exclusive us.)
use
A1
/jus/
to take or consume regularly or habitually
usually
A1
/ˈju.ʒu.(ə.)li/
under normal conditions
vacation
A1
/veɪˈkeɪ.ʃən/
leisure time away from work devoted to rest or pleasure
vase
A1
/veɪs/
an open jar of glass or porcelain used as an ornament or to hold flowers
vegetable
A1
/ˈvɛt͡ʃ.tə.bəl/
Any plant.
very
A1
/ˈvɛri/
precisely so
video
A1
/ˈvɪd.i.oʊ/
a recording of both the visual and audible components, especially one containing a recording of a movie or television program
visit
A1
/ˈvɪzɪt/
the act of going to see some person in a professional capacity
volleyball
A1
/ˈvɒlibɔ(ː)l/
a game in which two teams hit an inflated ball over a high net using their hands
vote
A1
/voʊt/
be guided by in voting
wait
A1
/weɪt/
the act of waiting (remaining inactive in one place while expecting something)
waiter
A1
/ˈweɪtɚ/
A male or female attendant who serves customers at their tables in a restaurant, café or similar.
waitress
A1
/ˈweɪ.tɹɪs/
A female attendant who serves customers in a restaurant, café, or similar.
wake
A1
/weːk/
a vigil held over a corpse the night before burial
walk
A1
/waːk/
an advance to first base by a batter who receives four balls, in baseball
wall
A1
/waːl/
a masonry fence (as around an estate or garden)
want
A1
/wɑnt/
wish or demand the presence of
war
A1
/wɔɹ/
a concerted campaign to end something that is injurious
warm
A1
/wɔɹm/
in a warm manner
was
A1
/wəz/
first-person singular simple past indicative of be.
wash
A1
/wɛʃ/
any enterprise in which losses and gains cancel out
watch
A1
/ˈwɔt͡ʃ/
the period during which someone, especially a guard, is on duty
water
A1
/ˈwɔ.tɚ/
a facility that provides a source of water
way
A1
/weɪ/
a journey or passage
we
A1
/wi/
first person singular pronoun, for a monarch or person of high status
wear
A1
/wɛ(ə)ɹ/
the act of having on your person as a covering or adornment
weather
A1
/ˈwɛð.ɚ/
the atmospheric conditions that comprise the state of the atmosphere in terms of temperature and wind and clouds and precipitation
Wednesday
A1
/ˈwɛdⁿnz.deɪ/
The fourth day of the week in many religious traditions, and the third day of the week in systems using the ISO 8601 norm; it follows Tuesday and precedes Thursday.
week
A1
/wiːk/
hours or days of work in a calendar week
weekend
A1
/ˈwiˌkɛnd/
The break in the working week, usually two days including the traditional holy or sabbath day. Thus in Western countries, Saturday and Sunday.
welcome
A1
/ˈwɛlkəm/
giving pleasure or satisfaction or received with pleasure or freely granted
well
A1
/ˈwɛʊ̯/
(often used as a combining form) in a good or proper or satisfactory manner or to a high standard (`good' is a nonstandard dialectal variant for `well')
were
A1
/wə(ɹ)/
second-person singular simple past indicative of be
what
A1
/wʱɔʈ/
Which, especially which of an open-ended set of possibilities.
wheel
A1
/wil/
game equipment consisting of a wheel with slots that is used for gambling
when
A1
/ˈwɛn/
At what time? At which time? Upon which occasion or circumstance? Used to introduce direct or indirect questions about time.
where
A1
/wɛə(ɹ)/
In, at or to what place.
which
A1
/wɪt͡ʃ/
And.
white
A1
/ˈwaɪt/
of or belonging to a racial group having light skin coloration
who
A1
/[hu(ː)]/
What person or people; which person or people; asks for the identity of someone; used in a direct or indirect question.
whose
A1
/ˈhuːz/
Of whom, belonging to whom; which person's or people's.
why
A1
/wæ/
For what cause, reason, or purpose.
wife
A1
/wæf/
A married woman, especially in relation to her spouse.
will
A1
/wɪl/
a fixed and persistent intent or purpose
win
A1
/wɪn/
a victory, as in a race or other competition
wind
A1
/ˈwaɪ̯nd/
the act of winding or twisting
window
A1
/ˈwɪndə/
an opening in a wall or screen that admits light and air and through which customers can be served
winter
A1
/ˈwɪntɚ/
the coldest season of the year
wish
A1
/wɪʃ/
the particular preference that you have
with
A1
/wɪð/
Against.
woman
A1
/ˈwoʊmən/
a human female employed to do housework
wonderful
A1
/ˈwʌn.dɚ.fl̩/
Tending to excite wonder; surprising, extraordinary.
word
A1
/wɜɹd/
a unit of language that native speakers can identify
work
A1
/wɜː(ɹ)k/
activity directed toward making or doing something
worker
A1
/ˈwɝ.kɚ/
a person who works at a specific occupation
world
A1
/wɜɹld/
all of the living human inhabitants of the earth
worry
A1
/ˈwɝ.i/
a strong feeling of anxiety
would
A1
/wəd/
Past tense of will; usually followed by a bare infinitive.
write
A1
/ɹaɪt/
communicate or express by writing
writer
A1
/ˈɹaɪ.təɹ/
A person who writes, or produces literary work; an author can refer to themselves as "the writer".
wrong
A1
/ɹæŋ/
based on or acting or judging in error
yard
A1
/jɑɹd/
the enclosed land around a house or other building
year
A1
/jɪɹ/
the period of time that it takes for a planet (as, e.g., Earth or Mars) to make a complete revolution around the sun
yellow
A1
/ˈjɛl.əʊ/
cowardly or treacherous
yes
A1
/jɛs/
an affirmative
yesterday
A1
/ˈjɛstɹdeɪ/
on the day preceding today
yet
A1
/ˈjɛt/
to a greater degree or extent
yogurt
A1
/ˈjoʊ.ɡɚt/
a custard-like food made from curdled milk
you
A1
/jə/
The people spoken, or written to, as an object.
young
A1
/jʊŋɡ/
being in its early stage
your
A1
/jɔː(ɹ)/
Belonging to you; of you; related to you (singular; one owner).
yours
A1
/jɔɹz/
That or those belonging to you; the possessive second-person singular pronoun used without a following noun.
yourself
A1
/jəˈsɛlf/
Your own self (singular).
zoo
A1
/zuː/
the facility where wild animals are housed for exhibition
Level A2 (1242)
ability
A2
/əˈbɪl.ə.ti/
The quality or state of being able; capacity to do or of doing something; having the necessary power.
abroad
A2
/əˈbɹɔd/
to or in a foreign country
accept
A2
/əkˈsɛpt/
to tolerate or accommodate oneself to
acceptable
A2
/əkˈsɛp.tə.bəl/
worthy of acceptance or satisfactory
accident
A2
/ˈæk.sə.dənt/
anything that happens suddenly or by chance without an apparent cause
account
A2
/əˈkaʊnt/
the quality of taking advantage
achieve
A2
/əˈtʃiːv/
to gain with effort
across
A2
/əˈkɹɔs/
transversely
act
A2
/æk/
a short theatrical performance that is part of a longer program
actually
A2
/ˈæk.t͡ʃ(u.)(ə.)li/
in actual fact
addition
A2
/əˈdɪʃ.ən/
the act of adding one thing to another
additional
A2
/əˈdɪʃənəl/
further or added
adjective
A2
/ˈæd͡ʒ.ɪk.tɪv/
relating to court practice and procedure as opposed to the principles of law
adjust
A2
/əˈd͡ʒʌst/
to adapt or conform oneself to new or different conditions
admire
A2
/ədˈmaɪɹ/
to feel warm approval or high regard for
admit
A2
/ədˈmɪt/
to give access or entrance to
adult
A2
/əˈdʌlt/
(of animals) fully developed
advanced
A2
/ədˈvænst/
(of societies) highly developed especially in technology or industry
advantage
A2
/ədˈvæn.tɪd͡ʒ/
benefit resulting from some event or action
adventure
A2
/ədˈvɛn.t͡ʃɚ/
a wild and exciting undertaking that may involve an element of danger or trouble
advertisement
A2
/ˈædvɚˌtaɪzmənt/
A commercial solicitation designed to sell some commodity, service or similar.
advertising
A2
/ˈædvɚˌtaɪzɪŋ/
Communication whose purpose is to influence potential customers about products and services.
advice
A2
/ədˈvaɪs/
An opinion offered to guide behavior in an effort to be helpful.
advise
A2
/ədˈvaɪz/
to give advice to
affair
A2
/əˈfɛɹ/
a vaguely specified social event
against
A2
/əˈɡɛ̟nst/
In a contrary direction to.
aged
A2
/ˈeɪ.dʒɪd/
advanced in years
agency
A2
/ˈeɪ.d͡ʒən.si/
the state of being in action or exerting power
agent
A2
/ˈeɪ.d͡ʒənt/
One who exerts power, or has the power to act.
ahead
A2
/əˈhɛd/
at or in the front
air
A2
/ˈɜː/
travel via aircraft
aisle
A2
/ˈaɪl/
a long narrow passage, as in a cave or woods
alarm
A2
/əˈlɑɹm/
to warn or arouse to a sense of danger, or to call to a state of preparedness
alarm clock
A2
alive
A2
/əˈlaɪv/
Having life; living; not dead.
allow
A2
/əˈlaʊ/
to plan for a certain possibility
alright
A2
/aːˈɹiːt/
Alternative form of all right; satisfactory; okay; in acceptable order.
although
A2
/ɔlˈðoʊ/
Though, even though, in spite of or despite the fact that: introducing a clause that expresses a concession.
ambition
A2
/æmˈbɪʃ.ən/
a cherished desire
among
A2
/əˈmɜŋ/
Of a person or thing: in the midst of and surrounded by (other people or things).
amused
A2
/əˈmjuːzd/
pleasantly occupied
amusement
A2
/əˈmjuzmənt/
Entertainment.
ancestor
A2
/ˈæn.sɛs.tɚ/
One from whom a person is descended, whether on the father's or mother's side, at any distance of time; a progenitor; a forefather; a forebear.
ancient
A2
/ˈeɪn.ʃənt/
very old
angel
A2
/ˈeɪn.d͡ʒl̩/
spiritual being attendant upon God
angrily
A2
/ˈæŋ.ɡɹə.li/
with anger
ankle
A2
/ˈæŋ.k(ə)l/
To walk.
anniversary
A2
/ˌæn.ɪˈvɝ.s(ə.)ɹi/
A day that is an exact number of years (to the day) since a given significant event occurred. Often preceded by an ordinal number indicating the number of years.
annoy
A2
/əˈnoɪ̯/
to cause annoyance in
annoying
A2
/əˈnɔɪ.ɪŋ/
causing irritation or annoyance
anxious
A2
/ˈæŋ(k).ʃəs/
causing or fraught with or showing anxiety
anymore
A2
/ˌɛn.iˈmɔɹ/
Alternative form of any more.
anyway
A2
/ˈɛniweɪ/
Regardless; anyhow.
anywhere
A2
/ˈɛn.i.(h)wɛɹ/
at or in or to any place
apart
A2
/əˈpɑɹt/
not taken into account or excluded from consideration
apartment
A2
/əˈpɑɹt.mənt/
A complete domicile occupying only part of a building, especially one for rent; a flat.
apologize
A2
/əˈpɑləd͡ʒaɪz/
to acknowledge faults or shortcomings or failing
apparently
A2
/əˈpæɹ.ənt.li/
unmistakably or obvious
appear
A2
/əˈpɪɹ/
to come into sight or view
appearance
A2
/əˈpiɹ.əns/
the act of appearing in public view
apply
A2
/əˈplaɪ/
to ask for something
appointment
A2
/əˈpɔɪnt.mɪnt/
the act of disposing of property by virtue of the power of appointment
appreciate
A2
/ˈəˈpɹiː.ʃi.æɪt/
to increase the value of
appropriate
A2
/əˈpɹoʊ.pɹi.eɪt/
suitable for a particular person, place, or condition
architecture
A2
/ˈɑɹ.kɪˌtɛk.t͡ʃɚ/
(computer science) the structure and organization of a computer's hardware or system software
area
A2
/ˈɛɹ.i.ə/
a part of a structure having some specific characteristic or function
argue
A2
/ˈɑɹ.ɡju/
to present reasons and arguments
argument
A2
/ˈɑɹɡjʊmənt/
a summary of the subject or plot of a literary work or play or movie
armchair
A2
/ˈɑɹmt͡ʃɛɚ/
A chair with supports for the arms or elbows.
armed
A2
/ɑɹmd/
(used of persons or the military) characterized by having or bearing arms
artificial
A2
/ˌɑːr.təˈfɪʃ.l̩/
artificially formal
asleep
A2
/əˈsliːp/
into a sleeping state
assistant
A2
/əˈsɪstənt/
a person who contributes to the fulfillment of a need or furtherance of an effort or purpose
association
A2
/əˌsoʊʃiˈeɪʃən/
the act of consorting with or joining with others
astronaut
A2
/ˈæstɹəˌnɔt/
a person trained to travel in a spacecraft
athlete
A2
/ˈæθ.lit/
A person who actively participates in physical sports, especially with great skill; a sportsperson.
atom
A2
/ˈætəm/
the smallest component of an element having the chemical properties of the element
attack
A2
/əˈtæk/
an offensive move in a sport or game
attempt
A2
/əˈtɛmpt/
to enter upon an activity or enterprise
attention
A2
/əˈtɛn.ʃn̩/
a courteous act indicating affection
attitude
A2
/ˈætɪˌtud/
a theatrical pose created for effect
attractive
A2
/əˈtɹæktɪv/
pleasing to the eye or mind especially through beauty or charm
audience
A2
/ˈɔ.di.əns/
a gathering of spectators or listeners at a (usually public) performance
audio
A2
/ˈɔ.di.oʊ/
the audible part of a transmitted signal
author
A2
/ˈoː.θə/
to be the author of
automatic
A2
/ˌɔː.təˈmæt.ɪk/
resembling the unthinking functioning of a machine
automatically
A2
/ˌɔː.təˈmæt.ɪ.k(ə.)li/
in a reflex manner
average
A2
/ˈæv.ɚ.ɪd͡ʒ/
around the middle of a scale of evaluation
avoid
A2
/əˈvɔɪd/
to stay clear from
award
A2
/əˈwɔɹd/
a grant made by a law court
awful
A2
/aːfə(l)/
causing fear or dread or terror
background
A2
/ˈbæk(ɡ)ɹaʊnd/
a person's social heritage: previous experience or training
badly
A2
/ˈbæd.li/
with unusual distress or resentment or regret or emotional display
badminton
A2
/ˈbæd.mɪn.tən/
A racquet sport played indoors on a court by two opposing players (singles) or two opposing pairs of players (doubles), in which a shuttlecock is volleyed over a net and the competitions are presided by an umpire in British English and a referee in American English.
bake
A2
/beɪk/
to prepare with dry heat in an oven
balcony
A2
/ˈbælkəni/
An accessible structure extending from a building, especially outside a window.
balloon
A2
/bəˈlun/
to become inflated
banking
A2
/ˈbæŋkɪŋ/
The occupation of managing or working in a bank.
barbecue
A2
/ˈbɑɹbɪˌkju/
to cook outdoors on a grill
barber
A2
/ˈbɑɹ.bɚ/
to perform the services of a barber: cut the hair and/or beard of
bargain
A2
/ˈbɑːɹɡən/
an agreement between parties, usually arrived at after discussion, fixing obligations of each
base
A2
/beɪs/
having or showing an ignoble lack of honor or morality
basic
A2
/ˈbeɪsɪk/
serving as a base or starting point
basically
A2
/ˈbeɪ.sɪk.koʊ.li/
In a fundamental, essential or basic manner.
basket
A2
/ˈbaskɪt/
A lightweight container, generally round, open at the top, and tapering toward the bottom.
batch
A2
/bæt͡ʃ/
a large number or amount or extent, often followed by `of'
battery
A2
/ˈbæt.əɹi/
a collection of related things intended for use together
bay
A2
/ˈbeː/
used of animals especially a horse, of a moderate reddish-brown color
beauty
A2
/ˈbjuti/
The quality of being (especially visually) attractive, pleasing, fine or good-looking; comeliness.
been
A2
/bɪn/
past participle of be.
beer
A2
/ˈbiə/
An alcoholic drink fermented from starch material, commonly barley malt; often with hops or some other substance (like gruit) to impart a bitter flavor.
beg
A2
/ˈbeɪɡ/
to call upon in supplication
beginner
A2
/bəˈɡɪnɚ/
Someone who is just starting at something, or has only recently started.
beginning
A2
/ˈbɪɡ.ɪ.nɪnɡ/
the act of starting something
behavior
A2
/bɪˈheɪ.vjɚ/
the action or reaction of something, such as a machine or substance, under specified circumstances
being
A2
/ˈbi.ɪŋ/
the state or fact of existing
belly
A2
/ˈbɛli/
the hollow inside of something
belong
A2
/bɪˈlɔŋ/
to be owned by
belt
A2
/bɛlt/
a band to tie or buckle around the body usually at the waist
bench
A2
/bɛnt͡ʃ/
the reserve players on a team
bend
A2
/bɛnd/
a circular segment of a curve
besides
A2
/bɪˈsaɪdz/
In addition to.
beyond
A2
/biˈ(j)ɑnd/
in addition
bill
A2
/ˈbɪl/
a brim that projects to the front to shade the eyes
bit
A2
/ˈbɪt/
the cutting part of a drill
bite
A2
/baɪt/
to penetrate or cut, as with a knife
blackboard
A2
/ˈblækbɔɹd/
A large flat surface, finished with black slate or a similar material, that can be written upon with chalk and subsequently erased; a chalkboard.
blame
A2
/bleɪm/
a reproach for some lapse or misdeed
blanket
A2
/ˈblæŋ.kɪt/
anything that covers
blonde
A2
/blɑnd/
(film, television, theater) A kind of 2,000-watt lamp.
blood
A2
/blʌd/
temperament or disposition
bloom
A2
/bluːm/
to produce or yield flowers
board game
A2
boil
A2
/bɔj(ᵻ)l/
the temperature at which a liquid boils at sea level
boiled
A2
/bɔɪld/
Drunk.
bonus
A2
/ˈboʊ.nəs/
An extra sum given as a premium, e.g. to an employee or to a shareholder.
bookcase
A2
/ˈbʊkˌkeɪs/
a piece of furniture with shelves for storing books
bookshelf
A2
/ˈbʊkˌʃɛlf/
A shelf or shelves for storing books for easy visual reference.
bookshop
A2
/ˈbʊkˌʃɑːp/
a shop where books are sold
bored
A2
/bɔɹd/
tired of the world
boss
A2
/bɔs/
exceptionally good
bother
A2
/ˈbɔðə(ɹ)/
to cause annoyance in
bra
A2
/bɹɑː/
An item of clothing, usually underwear worn to support the breasts.
brainstorm
A2
/ˈbɹeɪnstɔɹm/
to try to solve a problem by thinking intensely about it
brake
A2
/bɹeɪk/
anything that slows or hinders a process
branch
A2
/bɹænt͡ʃ/
a division of some larger or more complex organization
brand
A2
/bɹænd/
a recognizable kind
brave
A2
/bɹæɪv/
brightly colored and showy
breeze
A2
/bɹiːz/
a slight wind (usually refreshing)
bride
A2
/ˈbraɪd/
A woman in the context of her own wedding; one who is going to marry or has just been married.
brilliant
A2
/ˈbɹɪljənt/
characterized by grandeur
budget
A2
/ˈbʌd͡ʒ.ət/
a summary of intended expenditures along with proposals for how to meet them
bug
A2
/bʌɡ/
to annoy persistently
bulb
A2
/ˈbʌlb/
a rounded part of a cylindrical instrument (usually at one end)
burn
A2
/bɔːn/
an injury caused by exposure to heat, chemicals, or radiation
bury
A2
/ˈbeɹ.iː/
to dismiss from the mind
bus station
A2
bus stop
A2
bush
A2
/bʊʃ/
to provide with a bushing
businessman
A2
/ˈbɪznəsmæn/
A man in business, one who works at a commercial institution.
businesswoman
A2
/ˈbɪznɪˌswʊmən/
a female businessperson
cab
A2
/kæb/
A similar compartment in other vehicles.
cafeteria
A2
/ˌkæfəˈtɪ(ə)ɹi.ə/
a restaurant where you serve yourself and pay a cashier
calendar
A2
/ˈkæl.ən.dɚ/
a list or register of events
camping
A2
/ˈkæmp.ɪŋ/
The recreational or educational activity of temporarily living in a tent or similar accommodation.
campus
A2
/ˈkæmpəs/
The grounds or property of a school, college, university, business, church, or hospital, often understood to include buildings and other structures.
capital
A2
/[ˈkʰæp.ɪ.ɾɫ̩]/
uppercase
capital letter
A2
captain
A2
/ˈkæp.tən/
the leader of a group of people
car park
A2
carrot
A2
/ˈkæɹ.ət/
promise of reward as in 'carrot and stick'
cash
A2
/kæʃ/
money in the form of bills or coins
cassette
A2
/ˈkæˌsɛʈ/
A small flat case containing magnetic tape on two reels, used to record and play back audio and video material.
castle
A2
/ˈkæsəl/
the piece in chess that can move any number of unoccupied squares in a direction parallel to the sides of the chessboard
cause
A2
/kɔz/
a justification for something existing or happening
cent
A2
/sɛnt/
A subunit of currency equal to one-hundredth of the main unit of currency in many countries. Symbol: ¢.
center
A2
/ˈsɛn.tɚ/
in American football, the position of the player on the line of scrimmage who puts the ball in play
centimeter
A2
/ˈsɛntəˌmiːtɝ/
a metric unit of length equal to one hundredth of a meter
century
A2
/ˈsɛn(t)ʃ(ə)ɹi/
A period of one hundred consecutive years; often specifically a numbered period with conventional start and end dates, e.g., the twentieth century, which stretches from (strictly) 1901 through 2000, or (informally) 1900 through 1999. The first century AD was from 1 to 100.
cereal
A2
/ˈsɪɹ.i.əl/
made of grain or relating to grain or the plants that produce it
certain
A2
/ˈsɝ.tən/
exercising or taking care great enough to bring assurance
certainly
A2
/ˈsɝ.tn̩.li/
definitely or positively
chain
A2
/ˈt͡ʃeɪn/
a linked or connected series of objects
chairman
A2
/ˈtʃɛɹ.mən/
The head of a corporate or governmental board of directors, a committee, or other formal entity.
challenge
A2
/ˈt͡ʃæl.ɪnd͡ʒ/
questioning a statement and demanding an explanation
champagne
A2
/ʃæmˈpeɪn/
a region in France, known for producing the eponymous sparkling wine
championship
A2
/ˈtʃæm.pi.ən.ʃɪp/
Defense or support of some cause.
chance
A2
/t͡ʃæns/
a risk involving danger
chapter
A2
/ˈt͡ʃæptɚ/
a series of related events forming an episode
chart
A2
/t͡ʃɑɹt/
to plan in detail
chat
A2
/ˈtʃæt/
To be engaged in informal conversation.
cheap
A2
/ˈt͡ʃiːp/
relatively low in price or charging low prices
cheek
A2
/t͡ʃiːk/
The soft skin on each side of the face, below the eyes; the outer surface of the sides of the oral cavity.
cheer
A2
/t͡ʃɪɹ/
the quality of being cheerful and dispelling gloom
chef
A2
/ʃɛf/
The presiding cook in the kitchen of a large household.
chemical
A2
/ˈkɛm.ɪ.kəl/
relating to or used in chemistry
cheque
A2
/t͡ʃɛk/
A written order directing a bank to pay money to a person or entity.
chess
A2
/t͡ʃɛs/
A board game for two players, each beginning with sixteen chess pieces moving according to fixed rules across a chessboard with the objective to checkmate the opposing king.
chest
A2
/t͡ʃɛst/
A box, now usually a large strong box with a secure convex lid.
childhood
A2
/ˈtʃaɪld.hʊd/
The state of being a child.
chili
A2
/ˈt͡ʃaɪlaɪ/
The pungent, spicy fresh or dried fruit of any of several cultivated varieties of capsicum peppers, used in cooking.
chimpanzee
A2
/tʃɪmˈpænzi/
intelligent somewhat arboreal ape of equatorial African forests
chin
A2
/t͡ʃɪn/
The bottom of a face, (specifically) the typically jutting jawline below the mouth.
chirp
A2
/t͡ʃɚp/
a sharp sound made by small birds or insects
choice
A2
/tʃɔɪs/
of superior grade
cigarette
A2
/ˈsɪ.ɡə.ɹɛt/
finely ground tobacco wrapped in paper
citizen
A2
/ˈsɪtɪzən/
A resident of a city or town, especially one with legally recognized rights or duties.
claim
A2
/kleɪm/
demand for something as rightful or due
classic
A2
/ˈklæs.ɪk/
of or relating to the most highly developed stage of an earlier civilisation and its culture
classical music
A2
cleaner
A2
/ˈkli.nɚ/
A person whose occupation is to clean things, especially rooms, floors, and windows.
clear
A2
/klɪɹ/
in an easily perceptible manner
clearly
A2
/ˈklɪɚli/
without doubt or question
clerk
A2
/klɝk/
an employee who performs clerical work, such as keeps records or accounts
click
A2
/klɪk/
to become clear or enter one's consciousness or emotions
climbing
A2
/ˈklaɪ̯mɪŋ/
The sport of climbing, ascending a wall or a rock or another object using available holds, generally with the safety of a rope and belayer.
clone
A2
/kloʊn/
to make multiple identical copies of
clown
A2
/ˈklæʊ̯n/
to act as or like a clown or fool
clue
A2
/kluː/
A strand of yarn etc. as used to guide one through a labyrinth; something which points the way, a guide.
coast
A2
/koʊst/
the area within view
coin
A2
/ˈkoɪ̯n/
to form by stamping, punching, or printing
cola
A2
/ˈkoʊlə/
plural of colon
colorful
A2
/ˈkʌl.əɹ.fl̩/
having striking color
column
A2
/ˈkɑləm/
a tall vertical cylindrical architectural structure standing upright and used to support a structure
comb
A2
/koʊm/
the act of drawing a comb through hair
comfortable
A2
/ˈkʌmf.tə.bl̩/
providing or experiencing physical well-being or relief (`comfy' is informal)
comic
A2
/ˈkɑmɪk/
of or relating to or characteristic of comedy
commitment
A2
/kəˈmɪtmənt/
the act of binding yourself, intellectually or emotionally, to a course of action
committee
A2
/ˈkə.mɪ.ʈi/
a special group delegated to consider some matter
common
A2
/ˈkɑ.mən/
having no special distinction or quality
communicate
A2
/kəˈmjuːnɪkeɪt/
to transmit thoughts or feelings
communication
A2
/kəˌmju.nɪˈkeɪ.ʃən/
a connection allowing access between persons or places
company
A2
/ˈkɒmp(ə)ni/
a unit of firefighters including their equipment
comparative
A2
/kəmˈpæɹ.ə.tɪv/
relating to or based on or involving comparison
compare
A2
/kəmˈpɛɚ/
to examine and note the similarities or differences of
competition
A2
/ˌkɑm.pəˈtɪʃ.ən/
a business relation in which two parties compete to gain customers
complain
A2
/kəmˈpleɪn/
to make a formal accusation
complaint
A2
/kəmˈpleɪnt/
in criminal law, a pleading describing some wrong or offense
complete
A2
/kəmˈpliːt/
having every necessary or normal part or component or step
composer
A2
/kəmˈpoʊzəɹ/
One who, or that which, quiets or calms.
concentrate
A2
/ˈkɑn.sən.tɹeɪt/
a concentrated example of something
concern
A2
/kənˈsɝn/
something that interests you because it is important or affects you
condition
A2
/kənˈɖi.ʃən/
(usually plural) a statement of what is required as part of an agreement
confident
A2
/ˈkɑnfɪdənt/
having or marked by confidence or assurance
confuse
A2
/kənˈfjuːz/
to mistake one thing for another
confused
A2
/kənˈfjuːzd/
lacking orderly continuity
consequence
A2
/ˈkɑn.sɪ.kwɛns/
having important effects or influence
consider
A2
/kənˈsɪd.əɹ/
to deem to be
consist
A2
/kənˈsɪst/
To be.
contact
A2
/ˈkɑntækt/
close interaction
container
A2
/kənˈteɪnɚ/
any object that can be used to hold things (especially a large metal boxlike object of standardized dimensions that can be loaded from one form of transport to another)
context
A2
/ˈkɑn.tɛkst/
the set of facts or circumstances that surround a situation or event
continent
A2
/ˈkɑntɪnənt/
one of the large landmasses of the earth
continue
A2
/kənˈtɪn.jʉu/
to exist over a prolonged period of time
contrast
A2
/ˈkɒntɹast/
the opposition or dissimilarity of things that are compared
control
A2
/kənˈtɹoʊl/
the activity of managing or exerting control over something
convenience
A2
/kənˈvinjəns/
the quality of being useful and convenient
convenient
A2
/kənˈvinjənt/
suited to your comfort or purpose or needs
cooker
A2
/ˈkʊkɚ/
One who cooks.
cooking
A2
/ˈkʊkɪŋ/
the act of preparing something (as food) by the application of heat
cooler
A2
/ˈku.lɚ/
Anything which cools.
correctly
A2
/kəˈɹɛk(t).li/
in an accurate manner
cost
A2
/ˈkɔst/
value measured by what must be given or done or undergone to obtain something
count
A2
/kuːnt/
the total number counted
country
A2
/ˈkɐntɹi/
the people who live in a nation or country
countryside
A2
/ˈkʌn.tɹiˌsaɪd/
An area located outside of towns and cities; an area that is not urban or suburban; a rural area.
couple
A2
/ˈkʌp.əl/
a pair who associate with one another
court
A2
/ˈkɔɹt/
respectful deference
crazy
A2
/ˈkɹæɪ.zi/
intensely enthusiastic about or preoccupied with
create
A2
/kɹiːˈeɪt/
to make, cause to be or to become
creative
A2
/kɹiˈeɪtɪv/
promoting construction or creation
creativity
A2
/kri.eɪˈtɪv.ᵻ.ti/
The ability to use imagination to produce a novel idea or product.
creature
A2
/ˈkɹi.tʃɚ/
A living being, such as an animal, monster, or alien.
credit
A2
/ˈkɹɛdɪt/
used in the phrase 'to your credit' in order to indicate an achievement deserving praise
cricket
A2
/ˈkɹɪk.ɪt/
to play cricket
crime
A2
/ˈkraɪm/
an evil act not necessarily punishable by law
crisp
A2
/ˈkrɪsp/
brief and to the point
criticize
A2
/ˈkɹɪtɪsaɪz/
To find fault (with something).
cross
A2
/kɹɔs/
in genetics, the act of mixing different species or varieties of animals or plants and thus to produce hybrids
crowd
A2
/ˈkɹæʊ̯d/
a large number of things or people considered together
crowded
A2
/ˈkɹaʊdɪd/
overfilled or compacted or concentrated
crown
A2
/kɹæʊ̯n/
(dentistry) dental appliance consisting of an artificial crown for a broken or decayed tooth
cruise
A2
/kɹuːz/
to drive around aimlessly but ostentatiously and at leisure
cupboard
A2
/ˈkʌb.ɚd/
A board or table used to openly hold and display silver plate and other dishware; a sideboard; a buffet.
curry
A2
/kɝ.i/
to treat by incorporating fat
curse
A2
/kɝs/
an evil spell
custom
A2
/ˈkʌstəm/
habitual patronage
customer
A2
/ˈkʌs.tə.mɚ/
A patron, a client; a person or company who purchases or receives a product or service from a business or merchant, or intends to do so.
cycling
A2
/ˈsaɪk(ə)lɪŋ/
The sport of riding and racing cycles, especially bicycles.
daily
A2
/ˈdeɪli/
of or belonging to or occurring every day
dam
A2
/ˈdæm/
obstruct with, or as if with, a dam
dancer
A2
/ˈdænsəɹ/
A person who dances, usually as a hobby, an occupation, or a profession.
danger
A2
/ˈdeɪn.d͡ʒɚ/
a dangerous place
dangerous
A2
/ˈdeɪn.d͡ʒ(ə.)ɹəs/
causing fear or anxiety by threatening great harm
daylight
A2
/ˈdeɪˌlaɪt/
The natural light that is ambient in daytime, being mostly sunlight (both direct and indirect, on either sunny days or cloudy days).
dead
A2
/dɛd/
devoid of activity
deal
A2
/ˈdiːl/
the act of apportioning or distributing something
death
A2
/dɛθ/
the act of killing
debate
A2
/dɪˈbeɪt/
argue with one another
decide
A2
/dɪˈsaɪd/
cause to decide
deep
A2
/diːp/
to a great distance
deeply
A2
/ˈdi(ː)pli/
to a great depth psychologically
degree
A2
/dɪˈɡɹiː/
the seriousness of something (e.g., a burn or crime)
delay
A2
/dəˈleɪ/
time during which some action is awaited
dentist
A2
/ˈdɛntɪst/
A medical doctor who specializes in teeth.
department store
A2
depend
A2
/dɪˈpɛnd/
be contingent upon (something that is elided)
description
A2
/dɪˈskɹɪpʃən/
sort or variety
desert
A2
/ˈdɛz.ɚt/
leave behind
dessert
A2
/dɪˈzɝt/
The last course of a meal, consisting of fruit, sweet confections etc.
destroy
A2
/dɪˈstɹɔɪ/
put (an animal) to death
detail
A2
/ˈdi.teɪl/
an isolated fact that is considered separately from the whole
develop
A2
/ˈɖɛʋᵊ.ləp/
cause to grow and differentiate in ways conforming to its natural development
developed
A2
/dɪˈvɛləpt/
being changed over time so as to be e.g. stronger or more complete or more useful
diamond
A2
/ˈdaɪ.ə.mənd/
a playing card in the minor suit that has one or more red rhombuses on it
diary
A2
/ˈdaɪ.ə.ɹi/
a daily written record of usually personal experiences and observations
die
A2
/daɪ/
disappear or come to an end
diet
A2
/ˈdaɪət/
follow a regimen or a diet, as for health reasons
differently
A2
/ˈdɪfɹəntli/
in another and different manner
difficulty
A2
/ˈdɪfɪkəlti/
the quality of being difficult
digital camera
A2
dinosaur
A2
/ˈdaɪnəsoɹ/
Those animals of the clade Dinosauria that existed during the Triassic, Jurassic and Cretaceous periods and are now extinct; that is, any member of the clade Dinosauria other than birds.
direct
A2
/dɑɪˈɹekt/
without deviation
direction
A2
/dɪˈɹek.ʃən/
the act of setting and holding a course
director
A2
/dɪˈɹɛk.tɚ/
One who directs; the person in charge of managing a department or directorate (e.g., director of engineering), project, or production (as in a show or film, e.g., film director).
disadvantage
A2
/ˌdɪsədˈvæntɪd͡ʒ/
A weakness or undesirable characteristic; con; drawback.
disagree
A2
/dɪsəˈɡɹi/
To fail to agree; to have a different opinion or belief.
disappear
A2
/dɪsəˈpɪɹ/
get lost, as without warning or explanation
disappointed
A2
/ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪntɪd/
disappointingly unsuccessful
disappointing
A2
/ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪntɪŋ/
not up to expectations
disco
A2
/ˈdɪskoʊ/
Clipping of discotheque (“nightclub for dancing”).
discover
A2
/dɪˈskʊvə/
make a discovery, make a new finding
discussion
A2
/dɪsˈkʊʃ.ən/
an extended communication (often interactive) dealing with some particular topic
dishonest
A2
/dɪˈsɑnɪst/
Not honest; shoddy.
dislike
A2
/dɪsˈlaɪk/
a feeling of aversion or antipathy
display
A2
/dɪsˈpleɪ/
behavior that makes your feelings public
disturb
A2
/dɪˈstɝb/
damage as if by shaking or jarring
divide
A2
/dɪˈvaɪd/
perform a division
dizzy
A2
/ˈdɪzi/
make dizzy or giddy
done
A2
/dʊn/
having finished or arrived at completion
double
A2
/ˈdʌbəl/
two together
doubt
A2
/dʌʊt/
consider unlikely or have doubts about
download
A2
/ˈdaʊnˌləʊd/
A file transfer to a given computer or device from a remote one through a network connection.
downstairs
A2
/daʊnˈstɛɹz/
on a floor below
downtown
A2
/ˈdæʊ̯nˌtæʊ̯n/
of or located in the lower part of a town, or in the business center
drawer
A2
/dɹɔɹ/
An open-topped box that can be slid in and out of the cabinet that contains it, used for storing clothing or other articles.
drawing
A2
/ˈdɹɑ.ɪŋ/
act of getting or draining something such as electricity or a liquid from a source
dressed
A2
/ˈdɹɛst/
simple past and past participle of dress
drill
A2
/dɹɪl/
learn by repetition
driver's license
A2
drug
A2
/ˈdrʌg/
administer a drug to
drugstore
A2
/ˈdɹʌɡ.stoɹ/
Synonym of pharmacy, especially a small standalone general store which includes a pharmacy.
duck
A2
/dʌk/
to move the head or body quickly downwards or away
during
A2
/ˈdjʊə.ɹɪŋ/
For all of a given time interval; throughout; in; pending.
dust
A2
/dʌst/
fine powdery material such as dry earth or pollen that can be blown about in the air
earn
A2
/ɝn/
earn on some commercial or business transaction
earring
A2
/ˈɪɹɪŋ/
jewelry to ornament the ear
earth
A2
/ɝθ/
the abode of mortals (as contrasted with Heaven or Hell)
earthquake
A2
/ˈɝθkweɪk/
a disturbance that is extremely disruptive
easily
A2
/ˈi.zɪ.li/
without question
east
A2
/iːst/
to, toward, or in the east
editor
A2
/ˈɛd.ɪ.təɹ/
A person who edits or makes changes to documents.
education
A2
/ˌɛd͡ʒ.ʊˈkeɪ.ʃn̩/
the gradual process of acquiring knowledge
educational
A2
/ˌɛd͡ʒəˈkeɪʃənəl/
providing knowledge
effect
A2
/əˈfɛkt/
(of a law) having legal validity
effort
A2
/ˈɛf.ɚt/
earnest and conscientious activity intended to do or accomplish something
elderly
A2
/ˈɛldɚli/
Of an object, being old-fashioned or frail due to aging.
electric
A2
/ɪˈlɛktɹɪk/
(of a situation) exceptionally tense
elephant
A2
/ˈɛl.ə.fənt/
used when counting to add length, so that each count takes about one second
elevator
A2
/ˈɛləˌveɪtɚ/
Anything that raises or uplifts.
elsewhere
A2
/ˈɛlsˌʍɛɹ/
in or to another place
embarrassing
A2
/ɪmˈbæɹ.ə.sɪŋ/
causing to feel shame or chagrin or vexation
emergency
A2
/ɪˈmɝ.d͡ʒən.si/
a sudden unforeseen crisis, usually involving danger that requires immediate action
empty
A2
/ˈɪm(p).ti/
holding or containing nothing
encourage
A2
/ɪnˈkʌɹ.ɪd͡ʒ/
give impetus to
endangered
A2
/ɛnˈdeɪndʒɝd/
in imminent danger of extinction, usually referring to flora or fauna
ending
A2
/ˈɛndɪŋ/
the end of a word (a suffix or inflectional ending or final morpheme)
energetic
A2
/ˌɛnɚˈd͡ʒɛtɪk/
possessing or exerting or displaying energy
enormous
A2
/ɪˈnoɹ.məs/
extraordinarily large in size or extent or amount or power or degree
enough
A2
/ɪˈnʌf/
as much as necessary
enter
A2
/ˈɛntɚ/
to come or go into
entertainment
A2
/ˌɛn.tɚˈteɪn.mənt/
An activity designed to give pleasure, enjoyment, diversion, amusement, or relaxation to an audience, no matter whether the audience participates passively as in watching opera or a movie, or actively as in games.
entrance
A2
/ˈɛntrəns/
the act of entering
envelope
A2
/ˈɛnvəˌloʊp/
the maximum operating capability of a system (especially an aircraft)
envy
A2
/ˈɛnvi/
Resentful desire of something possessed by another or others (but not limited to material possessions).
episode
A2
/ˈɛp.ə.soʊd/
An incident, action, or time period standing out by itself, but more or less connected with a complete series of events.
error
A2
/ˈɛɹəɹ/
part of a statement that is not correct
escalator
A2
/ˈɛs.kə.leɪ.tɚ/
Anything that escalates.
escape
A2
/ɪˈskeɪp/
the act of escaping physically
especially
A2
/ɪˈspɛʃ.(ə.)li/
In a special manner; specially.
essay
A2
/ɛˈseɪ/
A written composition of moderate length, exploring a particular issue or subject.
establish
A2
/ɪˈstæb.lɪʃ/
set up or lay the groundwork for
euro
A2
/ˈjʊɹoʊ/
Abbreviation of European, in any sense.
even
A2
/ˈi.vən/
used as an intensive especially to indicate something unexpected
ever
A2
/ˈɛvɚ/
very, used as an intensifier for adjectives
evidence
A2
/[ˈɛv.ɪ.ɾɪns]/
an indication that makes something evident
exactly
A2
/ɪɡˈzæk(t).li/
indicating exactness or preciseness
exam
A2
/ɪɡˈzæm/
Clipping of examination, especially when meaning “test” or in compound terms.
except
A2
/ɪkˈsɛpt/
To exclude; to specify as being an exception.
exchange
A2
/ɛksˈt͡ʃeɪnd͡ʒ/
(chess) the capture by both players (usually on consecutive moves) of pieces of equal value
exhibition
A2
/ɛksɪˈbɪʃən/
the act of exhibiting
exist
A2
/ɛɡˈzɪst/
support oneself
expect
A2
/ɪkˈspɛkt/
look forward to the birth of a child
experience
A2
/ɪkˈspɪɹ.i.əns/
the accumulation of knowledge or skill that results from direct participation in events or activities
expert
A2
/ˈɛk.spɜɹt/
Extraordinary capable or knowledgeable.
explain
A2
/ɪkˈspleɪn/
make plain and comprehensible
explanation
A2
/ˌɛkspləˈneɪʃən/
a statement that makes something comprehensible by describing the relevant structure or operation or circumstances etc.
explore
A2
/ɪkˈsploɹ/
travel to or penetrate into
express
A2
/ɪkˈsprɛs/
by express
expression
A2
/əkˈspɹɛʃ.n̩/
the act of forcing something out by squeezing or pressing
extra
A2
/ˈɛkstɹə/
unusually or exceptionally
extremely
A2
/ɪksˈtɹimli/
to an extreme degree
fact
A2
/fækt/
a piece of information about circumstances that exist or events that have occurred
fail
A2
/feɪl/
prove insufficient
fairly
A2
/ˈfɛɹ.li/
without favoring one party, in a fair evenhanded manner
fall
A2
/faːl/
slope downward
familiar
A2
/fəˈmɪl.jɚ/
well known or easily recognized
fancy
A2
/ˈfæn.si/
The imagination.
fantastic
A2
/fænˈtæs.tɪk/
extravagantly fanciful in design, construction, appearance
far
A2
/fɑɹ/
at or to or from a great distance in space
fare
A2
/ˈfeː/
A going; journey; travel; voyage; course; passage.
fascinating
A2
/ˈfæsɪˌneɪtɪŋ/
capable of arousing and holding the attention
fashion
A2
/ˈfæʃən/
make out of components, often in an improvising manner
fast food
A2
fault
A2
/fɔlt/
in tennis, a serve that is illegal, e.g one that lands outside the prescribed area
favor
A2
/ˈfeɪ.vɚ/
an advantage to the benefit of someone or something
fear
A2
/ˈfɛː/
a feeling of profound respect for someone or something
feather
A2
/ˈfɛð.ɚ/
A branching, hair-like structure that grows on the bodies of birds, used for flight, swimming, protection and display.
feature
A2
/ˈfi.t͡ʃɚ/
the characteristic parts of a person's face: eyes and nose and mouth and chin
fee
A2
/fiː/
An amount charged for a privilege.
female
A2
/ˈfiː.meɪl/
being the sex (of plant or animal) that produces fertilizable gametes (ova) from which offspring develop
fence
A2
/fɛns/
enclose with a fence
few
A2
/fjuː/
a small elite group
fiction
A2
/ˈfɪk.ʃən/
Literary type using invented or imaginative writing, instead of real facts, usually written as prose.
fighter
A2
/ˈfaɪtɚ/
A person with a strong determination to resist protracted or severe adversity, especially illness.
figure
A2
/ˈfɪɡjɚ/
a predetermined set of movements in dancing or skating
film
A2
/fɪlm/
a thin coating or layer
final
A2
/ˈfaɪn(ə)l/
not to be altered or undone
finally
A2
/ˈfɑɪ.nə.li/
At the end or conclusion; ultimately.
first name
A2
fisherman
A2
/ˈfɪʃ.ɚ.mən/
A fisher, a person engaged in fishing:
fit
A2
/fɪt/
physically and mentally sound or healthy
fix
A2
/ˈfɪks/
a determination of the place where something is
flea
A2
/fliː/
A thing of no significance.
flight
A2
/ˈflɐɪ̯t/
a scheduled trip by plane between designated airports
float
A2
/floʊt/
convert from a fixed point notation to a floating point notation
flood
A2
/flʌd/
the occurrence of incoming water (between a low tide and the following high tide)
flour
A2
/ˈflaʊ̯.ɚ/
cover with flour
fog
A2
/fɔɡ/
A thick cloud that forms near the ground; the obscurity of such a cloud.
folder
A2
/ˈfoʊɫdɚ/
An organizer that papers are kept in, usually with an index tab, to be stored as a single unit in a filing cabinet.
follow
A2
/ˈfɒlə/
grasp the meaning
fool
A2
/fuːl/
a dessert made by combining custard and a fruit puree
footballer
A2
/ˈfʊtbɔːləɹ/
an athlete who plays football
forbid
A2
/fɚˈbɪd/
command against
force
A2
/foɹs/
an act of aggression, as one against a person who resists
forest
A2
/ˈfɔɹəst/
establish a forest on previously unforested land
forever
A2
/fəˈɹɛvɚ/
for a limitless time
fork
A2
/fɔɹk/
the region of the angle formed by the junction of two branches
fortunately
A2
/ˈfɔɹ.t͡ʃə.nɪt.li/
by good fortune
fortune
A2
/ˈfoɹt͡ʃun/
your overall circumstances or condition in life (including everything that happens to you)
forward
A2
/ˈfɔɹwəɹd/
send or ship onward from an intermediate post or station in transit
frame
A2
/fɹeɪm/
a framework that supports and protects a picture or a mirror
frank
A2
/ˈfɹæŋk/
Honest, especially in a manner that seems slightly blunt; candid; not reserved or disguised.
freedom
A2
/ˈfɹi.dəm/
The state of being free.
freeze
A2
/ˈfɹiːz/
fixing something at a particular level, such as prices or wages
fresh
A2
/fɹɛʃ/
not canned or otherwise preserved
fridge
A2
/ˈfrɪdʒ/
A refrigerator.
fried
A2
/fɹaɪd/
Fried with the yolk unbroken.
friendship
A2
/ˈfɹɛn(d)ʃɪp/
The condition of being friends.
frighten
A2
/ˈfɹaɪ.tən/
cause fear in
frightened
A2
/ˈfɹaɪtn̩d/
made afraid
frightening
A2
/ˈfɹaɪtənɪŋ/
Causing fear; or capable of causing fear; scary.
fry
A2
/fɹaɪ/
cook on a hot surface using fat
fully
A2
/ˈfʊli/
In a full manner; without lack or defect; completely, entirely.
function
A2
/ˈfʊŋ(k)ʃən/
the actions and activities assigned to or required or expected of a person or group
furniture
A2
/ˈfɝnɪt͡ʃɚ/
furnishings that make a room or other area ready for occupancy
further
A2
/ˈfɝ.ðɚ/
to or at a greater extent or degree or a more advanced stage (`further' is used more often than `farther' in this abstract sense)
gallery
A2
/ˈɡæl.ə.ɹi/
a long usually narrow room used for some specific purpose
garage
A2
/ɡəˈɹɑʒ/
keep or store in a garage
garlic
A2
/ˈɡɑɹlɪk/
A plant, Allium sativum, related to the onion, having a pungent bulb much used in cooking.
gas
A2
/ɡɛəs/
a pedal that controls the throttle valve
gate
A2
/ɡeɪt/
supply with a gate
gather
A2
/ˈɡæðɚ/
conclude from evidence
gender
A2
/ˈd͡ʒɛndɚ/
Class; kind.
generation
A2
/ˌdʒɛnɝˈeɪʃən/
the production of heat or electricity
gentle
A2
/ˈd͡ʒɛntl̩/
having or showing a kindly or tender nature
given
A2
/ˈɡɪv.n̩/
acknowledged as a supposition
globe
A2
/ɡloʊb/
a sphere on which a map, especially of the earth, is represented
glove
A2
/ɡlʌv/
a term for a latex condom
golden
A2
/ˈɡoʊl.dən/
suggestive of gold
golf
A2
/ɡɑlf/
A ball game played by individuals competing against one another in which the object is to hit a ball into each of a series of (usually 18 or nine) holes in the minimum number of strokes.
good-looking
A2
/ˈɡʊdˈlʊk.ɪŋ/
Physically attractive (of a person).
government
A2
/ˈɡʌv.ɚ(n).mənt/
(government) the system or form by which a community or other political unit is governed
grace
A2
/ɡɹeɪs/
a disposition to kindness and compassion
gradually
A2
/ˈɡɹæd͡ʒuəli/
in a gradual manner
graduate
A2
/ˈɡɹæd͡ʒuət/
confer an academic degree upon
gram
A2
/ˈɡɹæm/
A unit of mass equal to one-thousandth of a kilogram. Symbol: g.
grandchild
A2
/ˈgrændˌtʃaɪld/
A child of someone's child.
granddad
A2
/ˈgrænˌdæd/
the father of your father or mother
granddaughter
A2
/ˈgrænˌdɔtɝ/
a female grandchild
grandson
A2
/ˈɡɹæn(d)sʌn/
A son of one's child.
granny
A2
/ˈɡɹæni/
A grandmother.
grateful
A2
/ˈɡɹeɪtf(ə)l/
feeling or showing gratitude
greatly
A2
/ˈɡɹeɪtli/
to an extraordinary extent or degree
greedy
A2
/ˈɡɹiːdi/
wanting to eat or drink more than one can reasonably consume
grilled
A2
/ɡɹɪld/
simple past and past participle of grill
grocery store
A2
guard
A2
/ɡɑɹd/
(American football) a position on the line of scrimmage
guidebook
A2
/ˈgaɪdˌbʊk/
Alternative spelling of guide book.
gun
A2
/ˈɡʌn/
the discharge of a firearm as signal or as a salute in military ceremonies
half-price
A2
for half the price
ham
A2
/ˈhæm/
A thigh and/or buttock of a hog slaughtered for meat; (occasionally) the corresponding cut from some other animal.
handbag
A2
/ˈhændˌbæg/
A small bag carried in the hand, used either when travelling or to carry tools for a specific job.
handicapped
A2
/ˈhændikæpt/
Having a handicap.
handle
A2
/ˈhæn.d(ə)l/
the appendage to an object that is designed to be held in order to use or move it
happily
A2
/ˈhæp.ə.li/
in an unexpectedly lucky way
happiness
A2
/ˈhæpinɪs/
The emotion of being happy; joy; elation.
hardly
A2
/ˈhɑɹdli/
almost not
harm
A2
/hɑɹm/
cause or do harm to
harmful
A2
/ˈhɑɹmfl̩/
causing or capable of causing harm
harmony
A2
/ˈhɑ̟ɹ.mə.ni/
Agreement or accord.
harvest
A2
/ˈhɑɹ.vəst/
the consequence of an effort or activity
hate
A2
/heʔ/
An object of hatred.
headphone
A2
/ˈhɛdfoʊn/
singular of headphones: a cushioned speaker placed on, over, or inside the ear, normally used in left and right pairs.
headteacher
A2
The most senior teacher in a school who is responsible for its management and administration.
heat
A2
/ˈhiːt/
utility to warm a building
heating
A2
/ˈhiːtɪŋ/
utility to warm a building
heavily
A2
/ˈhɛvɪli/
to a considerable degree
helpful
A2
/ˈhɛlp.fl̩/
Furnishing help; giving aid; useful.
hero
A2
/ˈhɪɹ.oʊ/
a man distinguished by exceptional courage and nobility and strength
herself
A2
/æˈsɛl/
singular feminine reflexive pronoun
hey
A2
/heɪ/
An exclamation to get attention.
high school
A2
highway
A2
/ˈhaɪweɪ/
A main public road, especially a multi-lane, high-speed thoroughfare.
hike
A2
/haɪk/
a long walk usually for exercise or pleasure
hiking
A2
/ˈhaɪkɪŋ/
Walking in the countryside for pleasure or sport.
himself
A2
/hɪmˈsɛlf/
singular masculine reflexive pronoun
hip hop
A2
/ˈhɪp.hɑp/
An African-American urban youth culture based on rap music, breakdancing etc.
hit
A2
/hɪt/
a successful swing in a baseball game
hockey
A2
/ˈhɑ.ki/
Field hockey, a team sport played on a pitch on solid ground where players have to hit a ball into a net using a hockey stick.
honey
A2
/ˈhʌni/
A sweet, viscous, gold-colored fluid produced from plant nectar by bees, and often consumed by humans.
honor
A2
/ˈɑ.nɚ/
the quality of being honorable and having a good name
horror
A2
/ˈhɔɹ.ɚ/
An intense distressing emotion of fear or repugnance.
host
A2
/hoʊst/
any organization that provides resources and facilities for a function or event
however
A2
/haʊˈɛvɚ/
despite anything to the contrary (usually following a concession)
hug
A2
/hʌɡ/
a tight or amorous embrace
human
A2
/ˈhjuː.mən/
having human form or attributes as opposed to those of animals or divine beings
hundred
A2
/ˈhʌn dɹəd/
A numerical value equal to 100 (10²), occurring after ninety-nine.
hunter
A2
/ˈhʌntɚ/
a person who searches for something
ID
A2
/aɪˈdiː/
a card or badge used to identify the bearer
ID card
A2
ill
A2
/ɪl/
unhealthy or unwell; poor or bad; can be used as a modifier meaning "negatively" or "improperly",
illegal
A2
/ɪˈli.ɡəl/
prohibited by law or by official or accepted rules
image
A2
/ˈɪm.ɪdʒ/
a visual representation of an object, scene, person or abstraction, produced on a surface
imagination
A2
/ɪˌmæd͡ʒəˈneɪʃən/
the formation of a mental image of something that is not perceived as real and is not present to the senses
impact
A2
/ˈɪmpækt/
The force or energy of a collision of two objects.
impatient
A2
/ɪmˈpeɪʃənt/
restless or short-tempered under delay or opposition
importance
A2
/ɪmˈpɔɹtəns/
the quality of being important and worthy of note
importantly
A2
/ɪmˈpɔɹ.tənt.li/
in an important way
impossible
A2
/ɪmˈpɑ.sə.bəl/
not capable of occurring or being accomplished or dealt with
impress
A2
/ɪmˈpɹɛs/
have an emotional or cognitive impact upon
improve
A2
/ɪmˈpɹuːv/
get better
inch
A2
/ɪnt͡ʃ/
An English unit of length equal to 1/12 of a foot or 2.54 cm, conceived as roughly the width of a thumb.
include
A2
/ɪnˈkluːd/
consider as part of something
increase
A2
/ɪnˈkɹiːs/
the act of increasing something
indeed
A2
/ɪnˈdid/
in truth (often tends to intensify)
independence
A2
/ˌɪn.dɪˈpɛn.dəns/
the successful ending of the American Revolution
indicate
A2
/ˈɪndɪˌkeɪt/
to give evidence of
indoor
A2
/ˈɪndoɹ/
within doors
inexpensive
A2
/ˌɪnɪkˈspɛnsɪv/
Involving little expense; reasonable in price; cheap.
influence
A2
/ˈɪn.flu.əns/
a power to affect persons or events especially power based on prestige etc
injure
A2
/ˈɪn.d͡ʒɚ/
To wound or cause physical harm to a living creature.
inner
A2
/ˈɪnə/
inside or closer to the inside of the body
insect
A2
/ˈɪn.sɛkt/
An arthropod (in the Insecta class) characterized by six legs, up to four wings, and a chitinous exoskeleton.
inspiration
A2
/ˌɪn.spɚˈeɪ.ʃən/
a product of your creative thinking and work
instant
A2
/ˈɪnstənt/
a very short time, such as the time it takes the eye to blink or the heart to beat
instead
A2
/ɪnˈstɛd/
in place of, or as an alternative to
instrument
A2
/ˈɪnstɹəmənt/
the means whereby some act is accomplished
intelligence
A2
/ɪnˈtɛl.ɪ.d͡ʒəns/
secret information about an enemy (or potential enemy)
intelligent
A2
/ɪnˈtɛlɪd͡ʒənt/
having the capacity for thought and reason especially to a high degree
interest
A2
/ˈɪn.tɹɛst/
the power of attracting or holding one's attention (because it is unusual or exciting etc.)
international
A2
/ˌɪn.(t)ɚˈnæʃ.(ə.)n(ə)l/
concerning or belonging to all or at least two or more nations
invade
A2
/ɪnˈveɪd/
march aggressively into another's territory by military force for the purposes of conquest and occupation
invent
A2
/ɪnˈvɛnt/
To design a new process or mechanism.
invention
A2
/ˌɪnˈvɛnʃən/
a creation, either a new device or process, resulting from study and experimentation
invite
A2
/ɪnˈvaɪt/
a colloquial expression for invitation
issue
A2
/ˈɪʃuː/
the act of providing an item for general use or for official purposes (usually in quantity)
IT
A2
itself
A2
/ɪtˈself/
it; A thing as the object of a verb or preposition that also appears as the subject
jam
A2
/[ˈd͡ʒeəm]/
crush or bruise
jelly
A2
/ˈd͡ʒɛl.i/
alternate form of jealous
joke
A2
/d͡ʒoʊk/
a ludicrous or grotesque act done for fun and amusement
journey
A2
/ˈd͡ʒɝni/
A set amount of travelling, seen as a single unit; a discrete trip, a voyage.
joy
A2
/d͡ʒɔɪ/
something or someone that provides a source of happiness
junior
A2
/ˈd͡ʒuniɚ/
including or intended for youthful persons
junk
A2
/d͡ʒɐŋk/
Miscellaneous items of little value, especially discarded or unwanted items.
killer
A2
/ˈkɪlɚ/
a difficulty that is hard to deal with
kilo
A2
/ˈkiloʊ/
Clipping of kilogram.
kilogram
A2
/ˈkɪləɡɹæm/
In the International System of Units, the base unit of mass; conceived of as the mass of one litre of water, but now defined by taking the fixed numerical value of the Planck constant h to be 6.626 070 15 × 10⁻³⁴ when expressed in units of kg⋅m²⋅s⁻¹. Symbol: kg
kilometer
A2
/kəˈlɑmɪtəɹ/
a metric unit of length equal to one thousand meters
kindly
A2
/ˈkaɪndli/
in a kind manner or out of kindness
kingdom
A2
/ˈkɪŋdəm/
a basic group of natural objects
kit
A2
/kɪt/
young of any of various fur-bearing animals
knock
A2
/nɑk/
a bad experience
knowledge
A2
/ˈnɒlɪd͡ʒ/
the psychological result of perception, learning, and reasoning
labor
A2
/ˈleɪ.bɚ/
productive work, especially physical work done for wages
lack
A2
/ˈlæk/
the state of needing something that is absent or unavailable
lake
A2
/ˈleɪk/
A large, landlocked stretch of water or similar liquid.
lamp
A2
/ˈlæ̝mp/
To hit, clout, belt, wallop.
land
A2
/lænd/
the territory occupied by a nation
landscape
A2
/ˈlæn(d)skɪp/
an extensive mental viewpoint
lane
A2
/leɪn/
A road, street, or similar thoroughfare.
last
A2
/læst/
most_recently
latest
A2
/ˈleɪtəst/
the most recent news or development
latter
A2
/ˈlæt.ə(ɹ)/
the second of two or the second mentioned of two
law
A2
/laː/
the learned profession that is mastered by graduate study in a law school and that is responsible for the judicial system
lawyer
A2
/ˈlɔɪ.ɚ/
A professional person qualified (as by a law degree or bar exam) and authorized to practice law as an attorney-at-law, solicitor, advocate, barrister or equivalent, i.e. represent parties in lawsuits or trials and give legal advice.
laziness
A2
/ˈleɪ.zi.nəs/
relaxed and easy activity
lead
A2
/lɛd/
take somebody somewhere
learner
A2
/[ˈlɝ.nɚ]/
One who is learning; one receiving instruction.
least
A2
/list/
used to form the superlative
leather
A2
/ˈlɛðɚ/
A cricket ball or football.
left-hand
A2
/ˌlɛftˈhænd/
Using or designed for use by the left hand.
leisure
A2
/ˈlɛʒə(ɹ)/
freedom to choose a pastime or enjoyable activity
lemon
A2
/ˈlɛmən/
A yellowish citrus fruit.
lemonade
A2
/ˈlɛmənˌeɪd/
A flavored beverage consisting of water, lemon, and sweetener, sometimes ice, served mainly as a refreshment.
lend
A2
/ˈlɪ̟nd/
bestow a quality on
less
A2
/lɛs/
used to form the comparative of some adjectives and adverbs
level
A2
/ˈlɛvəl/
oriented at right angles to the plumb
liberty
A2
/ˈlɪb.ɚ.ti/
freedom of choice
license
A2
/ˈlaɪ.səns/
the act of giving a formal, usually written, authorization
lie
A2
/laɪ̯/
assume a reclining position
lifestyle
A2
/ˈlaɪfˌstaɪl/
A style of living that reflects the attitudes and values of a person or group.
likely
A2
/ˈlaɪkli/
within the realm of credibility
lip
A2
/ˈlɪp/
Either of the two fleshy protrusions around the opening of the mouth.
liter
A2
/ˈli.tɚ/
a metric unit of capacity, formerly defined as the volume of one kilogram of pure water under standard conditions
lively
A2
/ˈlaɪvli/
filled with events or activity
load
A2
/loʊd/
an amount of alcohol sufficient to intoxicate
local
A2
/ˈloʊ.kl̩/
relating to or applicable to or concerned with the administration of a city or town or district rather than a larger area
lock
A2
/lɑk/
become rigid or immoveable
logical
A2
/ˈlɑd͡ʒɪkəl/
capable of or reflecting the capability for correct and valid reasoning
loose
A2
/luːs/
without restraint
lose
A2
/luːz/
miss from one's possessions
lost
A2
/lɔsʈ/
not caught with the senses or the mind
loudly
A2
/ˈlaʊdli/
with relatively high volume
lover
A2
/ˈlʌvɚ/
One who loves and cares for another person in a romantic way; a sweetheart, love, soulmate, boyfriend, girlfriend, or spouse.
low
A2
/ˈlaː/
less than normal in degree or intensity or amount
luckily
A2
/ˈlʌkəli/
In a lucky manner; by good fortune; fortunately.
lunchtime
A2
/ˈlʌnt͡ʃtaɪm/
the customary or habitual hour for eating lunch
lyric
A2
/ˈlɪrɪk/
expressing deep emotion
mad
A2
/ˈmæd/
affected with madness or insanity
magic
A2
/ˈmæd͡ʒɪk/
an illusory feat
main course
A2
mainly
A2
/ˈmeɪnli/
for the most part
major
A2
/ˈmeɪ.d͡ʒə(ɹ)/
greater in number or size or amount
maker
A2
/ˈmeɪk.ɚ/
Someone who makes; a person or thing that makes or produces something.
make-up
A2
/mæɪkˈɐp/
Alternative spelling of makeup. See usage notes there.
male
A2
/meːl/
being the sex (of plant or animal) that produces gametes (spermatozoa) that perform the fertilizing function in generation
mall
A2
/mɔːl/
A pedestrianised street, especially a shopping precinct.
manage
A2
/ˈmæn.əd͡ʒ/
To direct or be in charge of.
manager
A2
/ˈmæn.ə.dʒəɹ/
someone in charge of training an athlete or a team
manner
A2
/ˈmænɚ/
how something is done or how it happens
mark
A2
/mɑɹk/
the impression created by doing something unusual or extraordinary that people notice and remember
market
A2
/ˈmɑɹkɪt/
the world of commercial activity where goods and services are bought and sold
married
A2
/ˈmæɹ.id/
joined in matrimony
marry
A2
/ˈmæɹi/
To enter into the conjugal or connubial state; to take a husband or a wife.
marvelous
A2
/ˈmɑɹvələs/
Exciting wonder or surprise; astonishing; wonderful.
material
A2
/məˈtɪɹ.i.əl/
derived from or composed of matter
max
A2
/mæks/
at the most; maximum.
meaning
A2
/ˈmi.nɪŋ/
the idea that is intended
medal
A2
/ˈmɛdəl/
A stamped metal disc used as a personal ornament, a charm, or a religious object.
medical
A2
/ˈmɛdɪkl̩/
requiring or amenable to treatment by medicine especially as opposed to surgery
melon
A2
/ˈmɛlən/
any of various fruit of cucurbitaceous vines including: muskmelons
member
A2
/ˈmɛmbɚ/
an organization that is a member of another organization (especially a state that belongs to a group of nations)
mention
A2
/ˈmɛnʃən/
an official recognition of merit
menu
A2
/ˈmɛn.ju/
an agenda of things to do
metal
A2
/ˈmɛ.təl/
Chemical elements or alloys, their ores, and the mines where their ores come from.
meter
A2
/ˈmitəɹ/
measure with a meter
method
A2
/ˈmɛθəd/
A process by which a task is completed; a way of doing something (followed by the adposition of, to or for before the purpose of the process).
midday
A2
/mɪdˈdeɪ/
Noon; twelve o'clock during the day.
midnight
A2
/ˈmɪd(ˌ)naɪt/
The middle of the night: the sixth temporal hour, equidistant between sunset and sunrise.
might
A2
/maɪt/
Power, strength, force, or influence held by a person or group.
military
A2
/ˈmɪl.ɪˌtɛ.ɹi/
associated with or performed by members of the armed services as contrasted with civilians
million
A2
/ˈmɪl.jən/
a very large indefinite number (usually hyperbole)
mineral water
A2
mirror
A2
/ˈmiɹ.ɚ/
a faithful depiction or reflection
missing
A2
/ˈmɪsɪŋ/
not able to be found
mistake
A2
/mɪˈsteɪk/
a wrong action attributable to bad judgment, ignorance, or inattention
mix
A2
/ˈmɪks/
the act of mixing together
model
A2
/ˈmɑ.dl̩/
a type of product
modern
A2
/ˈmɑdɚn/
relating to a recently developed fashion or style
mood
A2
/muːd/
a characteristic habitual or relatively temporary state of feeling
mosque
A2
/mɑsk/
A place of worship for Muslims, often having at least one minaret; a masjid.
mostly
A2
/ˈmoʊstli/
Mainly or chiefly; for the most part; usually, generally, on the whole.
motorway
A2
/ˈməʊtəweɪ/
A highway with grade-separated crossings (rather than level crossings) and designed (and only permitted) for high-speed motor-traffic (in Europe motor vehicles with a higher speed limit than 40 km/h) running in two directions on one separate carriageway each.
MP3 player
A2
Ms.
A2
/ˈmɪz/
Initialism of Morgan Stanley.
mug
A2
/mʌɡ/
rob at gunpoint or with the threat of violence
murder
A2
/ˈmɝ.dɚ/
alter so as to make unrecognizable
museum
A2
/mjuˈziəm/
A building or institution dedicated to the acquisition, conservation, study, exhibition, and educational interpretation of objects having scientific, historical, cultural or artistic value.
mushroom
A2
/ˈmɐʃˌɹʉːm/
grow and spread fast
musical
A2
/ˈmju.zɪ.kəl/
characteristic of or resembling or accompanied by music
myself
A2
/maɪˈsɛlf/
Me, as direct or indirect object the speaker as the object of a verb or preposition, when the speaker is also the subject.
mysterious
A2
/mɪˈstɪɹi.əs/
of an obscure nature
mystery
A2
/ˈmɪs.t(ə.)ɹi/
something that baffles understanding and cannot be explained
napkin
A2
/ˈnæp.kɪn/
garment consisting of a folded cloth drawn up between the legs and fastened at the waist
nation
A2
/ˈneɪʃən/
the people who live in a nation or country
national
A2
/ˈnæʃ.ə.nəl/
concerned with or applicable to or belonging to an entire nation or country
native
A2
/ˈneɪtəv/
belonging to one by birth
natural
A2
/ˈnæt͡ʃ.(ə.)ɹəl/
being talented through inherited qualities
nature
A2
/ˈneɪ̯.tʃə(ɹ)/
the complex of emotional and intellectual attributes that determine a person's characteristic actions and reactions
nearly
A2
/ˈnɪɹli/
In close approximation; almost, virtually.
necessary
A2
/ˈnɛs.əˌsɛ.ɹi/
unavoidably determined by prior circumstances
negative
A2
/ˈnɛɡ.ə.tɪv/
involving disadvantage or harm
nervous
A2
/ˈnɝːvəs/
easily agitated
net
A2
/nɛt/
remaining after all deductions
next
A2
/nɛkst/
at the time or occasion immediately following
next to
A2
no one
A2
nobody
A2
/ˈnəʊ.bɒd.i/
Not any person; the logical negation of somebody.
noisy
A2
/ˈnɔːɪzɪ/
attracting attention by showiness or bright colors
noon
A2
/nun/
The time of day when the Sun seems to reach its highest point in the sky; solar noon.
normal
A2
/ˈnɔɹ.məl/
conforming with or constituting a norm or standard or level or type or social norm
north
A2
/noɹθ/
in a northern direction
notice
A2
/ˈnoʊ.tɪs/
the act of noticing or paying attention
noun
A2
/nɒ(ʊ)n/
A word that functions as the name of a specific object or set of objects, such as person, animal, place, word, thing, phenomenon, substance, quality, or idea: one of the basic parts of speech in many languages, including English.
novel
A2
/ˈnavəl/
original and of a kind not seen before
nowadays
A2
/ˈnuː.ə.deɪz/
in these times
oak
A2
/oʊk/
A deciduous tree with distinctive deeply lobed leaves, acorns, and notably strong wood, typically of England and northeastern North America, included in genus Quercus.
occupation
A2
/ˌɑkjʊˈpeɪʃən/
the act of occupying or taking possession of a building
offer
A2
/ˈɔfɚ/
something offered as a proposal or bid
official
A2
/əˈfɪʃəl/
having official authority or sanction
oil
A2
/ɔl/
cover with oil, as if by rubbing
olive oil
A2
Olympic
A2
/əˈlɪmpɪk/
of or relating to the Olympic Games
omelet
A2
/ˈɑːmlət/
beaten eggs or an egg mixture cooked until just set
onion
A2
/ˈʌn.jɪn/
A monocotyledonous plant (Allium cepa), allied to garlic, used as vegetable and spice.
online
A2
/ˈɔnlaɪn/
Available over, or delivered from, the Internet.
operate
A2
/ˈɑpəɹeɪt/
perform surgery on
opinion
A2
/əˈpɪn.jən/
a personal belief or judgment that is not founded on proof or certainty
opportunity
A2
/ˌɑ.pɚˈt(j)u.nə.ti/
a possibility due to a favorable combination of circumstances
oppose
A2
/əˈpoʊz/
be resistant to
opposite
A2
/ˈɑp(ə)sɪt/
altogether different in nature or quality or significance
organize
A2
/ˈɔɹɡənaɪz/
To arrange in working order.
organized
A2
/ˈɔɹɡənaɪzd/
methodical and efficient in arrangement or function
original
A2
/əˈɹəd͡ʒ.ə.nəl/
not derived or copied or translated from something else
orphan
A2
/ˈɔɹfən/
A person, especially a minor, both or (rarely) one of whose parents have died.
ourselves
A2
/wɐˈsɛlz/
Us; the group including the speaker as the object of a verb or preposition when that group also is the subject.
out of
A2
oven
A2
/ˈʌvən/
A chamber used for baking or heating.
overseas
A2
/ˌoʊvɚˈsiːz/
beyond or across the sea
overweight
A2
/ˌoʊvɚˈweɪt/
Having a higher weight, especially body fat, than what is generally considered healthy for a given body type and height.
pacific
A2
/pəˈsɪfɪk/
promoting peace
pack
A2
/pæk/
treat the body or any part of it by wrapping it, as with blankets or sheets, and applying compresses to it, or stuffing it to provide cover, containment, or therapy, or to absorb blood
painter
A2
/ˈpeɪntɚ/
in the Southern United States, a large American feline resembling a lion, also known as a cougar
pal
A2
/pæl/
A friend, buddy, mate, cobber; someone to hang around with.
pan
A2
/pæn/
express a totally negative opinion of
panic
A2
/ˈpænɪk/
sudden mass fear and anxiety over anticipated events
part
A2
/pɑɹt/
something less than the whole of a human artifact
partly
A2
/ˈpɑɹtli/
in part; not completely
pass
A2
/pɑːs/
success in satisfying a test or requirement
passage
A2
/ˈpæsədʒ/
a journey usually by ship
passenger
A2
/ˈpæs.ɪn.d͡ʒɚ/
One who rides or travels in a vehicle, but who does not operate it and is not a member of the crew.
pasta
A2
/[ˈp(ʰ)astə]/
shaped and dried dough made from flour and water and sometimes egg
path
A2
/pɑːθ/
a course of conduct
patient
A2
/ˈpeɪʃənt/
enduring trying circumstances with even temper or characterized by such endurance
PC
A2
/ˌpiː ˈsiː/
Initialism of protective custody.
pea
A2
/piː/
Any of several varieties of bean.
peaceful
A2
/ˈpiːsfl̩/
not disturbed by strife or turmoil or war
pear
A2
/pɛɹ/
sweet juicy gritty-textured fruit available in many varieties
pence
A2
/pɛns/
A surname.
penfriend
A2
A person, often in a foreign country, with whom one exchanges friendly correspondence but whom one never or rarely meets.
pepper
A2
/ˈpɛp.ɚ/
add pepper to
perfect
A2
/ˈpɝ.fɪkt/
precisely accurate or exact
perfectly
A2
/ˈpɝ.fɪk(t).li/
in a perfect or faultless way
perform
A2
/pɚˈfɔɹm/
give a performance (of something)
performance
A2
/[pɚˈfɔɹ.məns]/
any recognized accomplishment
perfume
A2
/ˈpɝfjuːm/
apply perfume to
perhaps
A2
/pɚˈhæps/
an action that might occur by chance
permission
A2
/pəɹˈmɪʃ.ən/
approval to do something
personality
A2
/ˌpɜɹ.səˈnæ.lə.ti/
a person of considerable prominence
petrol
A2
/ˈpɛt.ɹəl/
A fluid consisting of a mixture of refined petroleum hydrocarbons, primarily consisting of octane, commonly used as a motor fuel.
petrol station
A2
photograph
A2
/ˈfoʊ.təˌɡɹæf/
record on photographic film
photographer
A2
/fəˈtɑ.ɡɹə.fɚ/
One who takes photographs, typically as an occupation.
photography
A2
/fəˈtɑ.ɡɹə.fi/
The art and technology of producing images on photosensitive surfaces, and its digital counterpart.
physical
A2
/ˈfɪzɪkəl/
concerned with material things
physically
A2
/ˈfɪzɪkəli/
in accord with physical laws
pile
A2
/paɪl/
the yarn (as in a rug or velvet or corduroy) that stands up from the weave
pilgrim
A2
/ˈpɪlɡɹɪm/
One who travels to visit a site of religious significance.
pill
A2
/pɪl/
something unpleasant or offensive that must be tolerated or endured
pilot
A2
/ˈpaɪ.lət/
operate an airplane
pity
A2
/ˈpɪt.i/
an unfortunate development
planet
A2
/ˈplænət/
Each of the seven major bodies which move relative to the fixed stars in the night sky—the Moon, Mercury, Venus, the Sun, Mars, Jupiter and Saturn.
plant
A2
/plænt/
buildings for carrying on industrial labor
plastic
A2
/ˈplæstɪk/
capable of being molded or modeled, especially of earth or clay or other soft material
plate
A2
/ˈplæ̝ɪ̯t/
a main course served on a plate
playful
A2
/ˈpleɪfl̩/
full of fun and high spirits
playground
A2
/ˈpleɪˌgraʊnd/
A large open space for children to play in, usually having dedicated play equipment (such as swings and slides).
pleasant
A2
/ˈplɛz.ənt/
(of persons) having pleasing manners or behavior
pleased
A2
/pliːzd/
Happy, content.
pleasing
A2
/ˈplizɪŋ/
giving pleasure and satisfaction
plenty
A2
/ˈplɛnti/
a full supply
plural
A2
/ˈplʊə.ɹəl/
Consisting of or containing more than one of something.
plus
A2
/ˈplɜs/
involving advantage or good
police
A2
/pəˈliːs/
A constituted body of officers representing the civil authority of government, empowered to maintain public order and safety, enforce the law, and prevent, detect, and investigate crime.
police officer
A2
police station
A2
policeman
A2
/pəˈliːsmən/
A police officer, usually a male.
policewoman
A2
/pəˈliːˌswʊmən/
a woman policeman
polite
A2
/pəˈlaɪt/
Well-mannered, civilized.
political
A2
/pəˈlɪt.ɪ.kəl/
involving or characteristic of politics or parties or politicians
pollute
A2
/pəˈluːt/
make impure
popular
A2
/ˈpɑ.pjə.lɚ/
carried on by or for the people (or citizens) at large
population
A2
/ˌpɑ.pjəˈleɪ.ʃən/
the act of populating - causing to live in a place
portrait
A2
/ˈpɔɹtɹət/
any likeness of a person, in any medium
position
A2
/pəˈzəʃ.ən/
in team sports, the role assigned to an individual player
possible
A2
/ˈpɒs.ɪ.bl̩/
capable of happening or existing
possibly
A2
/ˈpɒs.ɪ.bli/
to a degree possible of achievement or by possible means
post office
A2
pour
A2
/poɹ/
move in large numbers
power
A2
/[ˈpʰaə]/
one possessing or exercising power or influence or authority
powerful
A2
/ˈpaʊɚfl̩/
having great power or force or potency or effect
precise
A2
/pɹɪˈsaɪs/
sharply exact or accurate or delimited
predict
A2
/pɹɪˈdɪkt/
To make a prediction: to forecast, foretell, or estimate a future event on the basis of knowledge and reasoning; to prophesy a future event on the basis of mystical knowledge or power.
prediction
A2
/pɹɪˈdɪkʃən/
A statement of what will happen in the future.
prefer
A2
/[pɹɪˈfɝ]/
To be in the habit of choosing something rather than something else; to favor; to like better.
prepare
A2
/pɹɪˈpɛ(ə)ɹ/
to prepare verbally, either for written or spoken delivery
pressure
A2
/ˈpɹɛʒə/
the act of pressing
pretend
A2
/pɹəˈtɛnd/
the enactment of a pretense
prevent
A2
/pɹɪˈvɛnt/
stop (someone or something) from doing something or being in a certain state
pride
A2
/pɹaɪd/
satisfaction with your or another's achievements
principal
A2
/ˈprɪnsəpəl/
the educator who has executive authority for a school
print
A2
/pɹɪnt/
availability in printed form
printer
A2
/ˈpɹɪntɚ/
One who makes prints.
private
A2
/ˈpɹaɪ.vɪt/
not expressed
pro
A2
/pɹoʊ/
in favor of an action or proposal etc.
probably
A2
/ˈpɹɑ.bə.bli/
In all likelihood.
produce
A2
/pɹəˈd͡ʒuːs/
things that have been grown on a farm, including meats
product
A2
/ˈpɹɑ.dəkt/
an artifact that has been created by someone or some process
production
A2
/pɹəˈdʌkʃən/
(law) the act of exhibiting in a court of law
professional
A2
/pɹəˈfeʃ.ə.nəl/
engaged in a profession or engaging in as a profession or means of livelihood
progressive
A2
/pɹəˈɡɹɛsɪv/
advancing in severity
promise
A2
/ˈpɹɑmɪs/
promise to undertake or give
pronounce
A2
/prɵˈnawns/
speak or utter in a certain way
pronunciation
A2
/pɹəˌnʌn.siˈeɪ.ʃn̩/
the way a word or a language is customarily spoken
proper
A2
/ˈpɹɔp.ə/
appropriate for a condition or purpose or occasion or a person's character, needs
provide
A2
/pɹəˈvaɪd/
take measures in preparation for
psychologist
A2
/ˌsaɪˈkɑl.ə.d͡ʒɪst/
An expert in the field of psychology.
public
A2
/ˈpʊblɪk/
a body of people sharing some common interest
publish
A2
/ˈpʌblɪʃ/
prepare and issue for public distribution or sale
pull
A2
/pʉl/
a sustained effort
punctuation
A2
/ˌpʌŋk.t͡ʃuˈeɪ.ʃən/
A set of symbols and marks which are used to clarify meaning in text by separating strings of words into clauses, phrases and sentences; examples include commas, hyphens, and stops (periods).
purpose
A2
/ˈpɝpəs/
the quality of being determined to do or achieve something
pursue
A2
/pɚˈsu/
go in search of or hunt for
quality
A2
/ˈkwɑ.lə.ti/
of high social status
queen
A2
/kwiːn/
something personified as a woman who is considered the best or most important of her kind
quick
A2
/kwɪk/
easily aroused or excited
quietly
A2
/ˈkwaɪ.ɪt.li/
with little or no sound
quit
A2
/kwɪt/
to give up in the face of defeat of lacking hope
quite
A2
/ˈkwaɪt/
to a degree (not used with a negative)
quiz
A2
/kwɪz/
An odd, puzzling or absurd person or thing.
racket
A2
/ˈɹækɪt/
An implement with a handle connected to a round frame strung with wire, sinew, or plastic cords, and used to hit a ball, such as in tennis or a shuttlecock in badminton.
raincoat
A2
/ˈɹeɪnkoʊt/
A waterproof coat to be worn in the rain; (loosely) any coat or jacket with this purpose.
raise
A2
/ɹeɪz/
bring up
range
A2
/ˈɹeːnd͡ʒ/
a place for shooting (firing or driving) projectiles of various kinds
rap
A2
/ɹæp/
genre of African-American music of the 1980s and 1990s in which rhyming lyrics are chanted to a musical accompaniment
rate
A2
/ɹeɪt/
amount of a charge or payment relative to some basis
rather
A2
/ˌɹɑːˈðɜː(ɹ)/
to some (great or small) extent
rating
A2
/ˈɹeɪtɪŋ/
An evaluation of status, especially of financial status.
raw
A2
/ɹɔ/
not processed or subjected to analysis
ray
A2
/ɹeɪ/
emit as rays
reach
A2
/ɹiːt͡ʃ/
be in or establish communication with
realize
A2
/ˈɹi(.ə)ˌlaɪz/
To become aware of, understand, or appreciate (a fact or situation, especially something which has been true for some time).
receipt
A2
/ɹɪˈsit/
The act of receiving, or the fact of having been received.
receive
A2
/ɹɪˈsiːv/
convert into sounds or pictures
recent
A2
/ˈɹi.sənt/
new
recently
A2
/ˈɹi.sənt.li/
in the recent past
receptionist
A2
/ɹɪˈsep.ʃə.nɪst/
an employee whose main duty is to answer the telephone and receive visitors, typically located behind the front desk
record
A2
/ˈɹɛk.ɚd/
a document that can serve as legal evidence of a transaction
recycle
A2
/ɹəˈsaɪkəl/
use again after processing
refer
A2
/ɹɪˈfɝ/
think of, regard, or classify under a subsuming principle or with a general group or in relation to another
reflect
A2
/ɹɪˈflɛkt/
give evidence of the quality of
refrigerator
A2
/ɹɪˈfɹɪd͡ʒ.əˌɹeɪ.tɚ/
A household or commercial appliance used for keeping food fresh by refrigeration (short form fridge).
regret
A2
/ɹɪˈɡɹɛt/
express with regret
regular
A2
/ˈrɛɡ.(j)ʊ.lə(r)/
a dependable follower, especially in party politics
regularly
A2
/ˈɹɛɡjəlɚli/
in a regular manner
relax
A2
/ɹɪˈlæks/
cause to feel relaxed
relaxed
A2
/ɹɪˈlækst/
without strain or anxiety
release
A2
/ɹəˈliːs/
make (assets) available
remain
A2
/ɹɪˈmeɪn/
stay the same
remind
A2
/ɹəˈmaɪnd/
To cause one to experience a memory (of someone or something); to bring to the notice or consideration (of a person).
remote
A2
/[ɹɪˈmoʊt]/
a device that can be used to control a machine or apparatus from a distance
rent
A2
/ˈɹɛnt/
let for money
repair
A2
/ɹɪˈpɛɹ/
a formal way of referring to the condition of something
replace
A2
/ɹɪˈpleɪs/
substitute a person or thing for another that is broken or inefficient or lost or no longer working or yielding what is expected
reply
A2
/ɹɪˈplaɪ/
the speech act of continuing a conversational exchange
report
A2
/ɹɪˈpoɹt/
a short account of the news
represent
A2
/ˌɹep.ɹɪˈzent/
point out or draw attention to in protest or remonstrance
request
A2
/ɹɪˈkwɛst/
to inquire for something, usually information
research
A2
/ˈɹiːsɜːt͡ʃ/
a search for knowledge
response
A2
/ɹɪˈspɑns/
a result
retire
A2
/ɹəˈtaɪɹ/
cause to get out
retired
A2
/ɹɪˈtaɪəɹd/
Secluded from society (of a lifestyle, activity etc.); private, quiet.
return
A2
/ɹɪˈtɝn/
a coming to or returning home
reunion
A2
/ɹiːˈjuːnjən/
The process or act of reuniting.
reveal
A2
/ɹɪˈvil/
disclose directly or through prophets
rhythm
A2
/ˈɹɪð.m̩/
the arrangement of spoken words alternating stressed and unstressed elements
right-hand
A2
/raɪtˈhænd/
most helpful and reliable
road
A2
/ɾoːɖ/
a way or means to achieve something
roast
A2
/ɹoʊst/
cooked by dry heat in an oven
rob
A2
/ɹɔb/
take something away by force or without the consent of the owner
robbery
A2
/ˈɹɑbəɹi/
The offense of taking or attempting to take the property of another by force or threat of force.
robin
A2
/ˈɹɑ.bɪn/
Any of various passerine birds (about 100 species) of the families Muscicapidae, Turdidae and Petroicidae (formerly Eopsaltriidae), typically with a red breast.
rock
A2
/ɹɑk/
pitching dangerously to one side
roll
A2
/ɹoʊl/
cause to move by turning over or in a circular manner of as if on an axis
romance
A2
/roʊˈmæn(t)s/
relating to languages derived from Latin
romantic
A2
/ɹoʊˈmæntɪk/
belonging to or characteristic of Romanticism or the Romantic Movement in the arts
roof
A2
/ɹuːf/
the inner top surface of a covered area or hollow space
root
A2
/ɹuːt/
take root and begin to grow
rope
A2
/ɹoʊp/
fasten with a rope
roughly
A2
/ˈrʌfli/
with roughness or violence, an informal variant for 'roughly'
round
A2
/ɹʊnd/
(mathematics) expressed to the nearest integer, ten, hundred, or thousand
roundabout
A2
/ˈɹaʊndəˌbaʊt/
Indirect, circuitous, or circumlocutionary.
royal
A2
/ˈɹɔɪ(.ə)l/
invested with royal power as symbolized by a crown
rugby
A2
/ˈrʌgbi/
A form of football in which players can hold or kick an ovoid ball; rugby football. The ball cannot be handled forwards and points are scored by touching the ball to the ground in the area past the opponent's territory or by kicking the ball between goalposts and over a crossbar.
ruin
A2
/ˈruːən/
a ruined building
rumor
A2
/ˈɹumɚ/
tell or spread rumors
runner
A2
/ˈɹʌnɚ/
a person who is employed to deliver messages or documents
running
A2
/ˈɹʊnɪŋ/
the act of administering or being in charge of something
rush
A2
/ɹʌʃ/
in American football, an attempt to advance the ball by running into the line
sadly
A2
/ˈsædli/
in an unfortunate way
safe
A2
/seɪf/
having reached a base without being put out
sailing
A2
/ˈseɪ.lɪŋ/
A scheduled voyage by a ferry or ship.
sake
A2
/ˈseɪk/
a reason for wanting something done
salt
A2
/sɔlt/
(of speech) painful or bitter
sample
A2
/ˈsam.pəl/
A part or snippet of something taken or presented for inspection, or shown as evidence of the quality of the whole; a specimen.
sandy
A2
/ˈsændi/
resembling or containing or abounding in sand
satisfy
A2
/ˈsætɪsfaɪ/
To be enough (for)
sauce
A2
/sɔs/
add zest or flavor to, make more interesting
sausage
A2
/ˈsɔsɪd͡ʒ/
An individual item of this food.
scale
A2
/skæɪl/
relative magnitude
scarf
A2
/ˈskɑɹf/
A long, often knitted, garment worn around the neck.
scene
A2
/siːn/
graphic art consisting of the graphic or photographic representation of a visual percept
scenery
A2
/ˈsiːnəɹi/
the painted structures of a stage set that are intended to suggest a particular locale
schedule
A2
/ˈʃɛd͡ʒuːl/
plan for an activity or event
schoolchild
A2
/ˈskuːlt͡ʃaɪld/
A young person attending school or of an age to attend school.
schoolwork
A2
/ˈskulˌwɝk/
Work done for school, including both in class and as homework.
scientific
A2
/ˈsaɪ(.ə)n.ʈɨ.fɪk/
conforming with the principles or methods used in science
scissors
A2
/ˈsɪzɚz/
A tool used for cutting thin material, consisting of two crossing blades attached at a pivot point in such a way that the blades slide across each other when the handles are closed.
scream
A2
/ˈskriːm/
sharp piercing cry
screen
A2
/skɹiːn/
a covering that serves to conceal or shelter something
screw
A2
/skɹuː/
cause to penetrate, as with a circular motion
script
A2
/skɹəpt/
write a script for
seafood
A2
/ˈsiːfuːd/
Food from the sea, including that derived from fish, shellfish, crustaceans, cephalopods, seaweed, algae, marine mammals, and other marine organisms.
search
A2
/sɝt͡ʃ/
an investigation seeking answers
seaside
A2
/ˌsiːˈsaɪd/
The area by and around the sea; including the beach, promenade or cliffs.
secret
A2
/ˈsiː.kɹɪt/
indulging only covertly
secretary
A2
/ˈsɛk.(ɹ)əˌtɛɹ.i/
A person who keeps records, takes notes and handles general clerical work.
seed
A2
/ˈsiːd/
remove the seeds from
seek
A2
/ˈsiːk/
inquire for
seem
A2
/siːm/
give a certain impression or have a certain outward aspect
semester
A2
/sɪˈmɛstɚ/
Half of a school year (US) or academic year such as autumn or spring semester.
send
A2
/sɛnd/
cause to be directed or transmitted to another place
senior
A2
/ˈsinjɚ/
Older.
sense
A2
/sɛns/
sound practical judgment
separate
A2
/ˈsɛp.ɹət/
have the connection undone
seriously
A2
/ˈsɪɹ.i.əs li/
In a serious or literal manner.
serve
A2
/sɝv/
a stroke that puts the ball in play
several
A2
/ˈsev.(ə.)ɹəl/
Separate, distinct; particular.
sew
A2
/ˈsoʊ̯/
create (clothes) with cloth
shade
A2
/ʃeɪd/
protective covering that protects something from direct sunlight
shadow
A2
/ˈʃædoʊ/
refuge from danger or observation
shall
A2
/ʃæl/
Used before a verb to indicate the simple future tense in the first person singular or plural.
shampoo
A2
/ʃæmˈpuː/
A commercial liquid soaplike product for washing hair or other fibers, such as carpets.
shape
A2
/ˈʃeɪp/
the spatial arrangement of something as distinct from its substance
shell
A2
/ʃel/
a very light narrow racing boat
shine
A2
/ˈʃaɪn/
make (a surface) shine
shock
A2
/ʃɔk/
the violent interaction of individuals or groups entering into combat
shoot
A2
/ʃut/
the act of shooting at targets
shop assistant
A2
shore
A2
/ʃɔɹ/
support by placing against something solid or rigid
shot
A2
/ʃɑt/
the act of putting a liquid into the body by means of a syringe
shout
A2
/ʃaʊt/
A loud burst of voice or voices; a violent and sudden outcry, especially that of a multitude expressing joy, triumph, exultation, anger, or great effort.
shut
A2
/ʃʌt/
not open
sightseeing
A2
/ˈsaɪtˈsiːɪŋ/
The activity of going out looking at things; tourism.
significant
A2
/sɪɡˈnɪf.ə.kənt/
important in effect or meaning
silence
A2
/ˈsaɪləns/
a refusal to speak when expected
silently
A2
/ˈsaɪləntli/
In a silent manner; making no noise.
silly
A2
/ˈsɪl.i/
dazed from or as if from repeated blows
silver
A2
/ˈsɪl.vɚ/
having the white lustrous sheen of silver
similar
A2
/ˈsɪm.ə.lɚ/
marked by correspondence or resemblance
simple
A2
/ˈsəm.pəl/
unornamented
simply
A2
/ˈsɪmpli/
Foolishly; stupidly.
since
A2
/sɪn(t)s/
From a specified time in the past.
singing
A2
/ˈsɪŋɪŋ/
A ringing sound in the ears.
single
A2
/ˈsɪŋɡəl/
existing alone or consisting of one entity or part or aspect or individual
singular
A2
/ˈsɪŋ.ɡjə.lɚ/
being a single and separate person or thing
sink
A2
/ˈsiŋk/
(technology) a process that acts to absorb or remove energy or a substance from a system
sitting room
A2
situation
A2
/ˌsɪ.t͡ʃuˈ(w)eɪ.ʃən/
a condition or position in which you find yourself
skate
A2
/skeɪt/
move along on skates
skateboarding
A2
/ˈskeɪtˌbɔrdɪŋ/
The act of riding on a skateboard.
skating
A2
/ˈskeɪtɪŋ/
The action of moving along a surface (ice or ground) using skates.
ski
A2
/skiː/
move along on skis
skiing
A2
/ˈski.ɪŋ/
A group of sports using skis as primary equipment.
slave
A2
/sleɪv/
someone entirely dominated by some influence or person
sleepless
A2
/ˈsliːpləs/
Characterized by an absence of sleep: wakeful.
sleepy
A2
/ˈsliːpi/
ready to fall asleep
slice
A2
/slaɪs/
a share of something
slide
A2
/slaɪd/
the act of moving smoothly along a surface while remaining in contact with it
slim
A2
/slɪm/
Slender; thin.
slowly
A2
/ˈslaːli/
without speed, 'slow' is sometimes used informally for 'slowly'
smooth
A2
/smuːð/
lacking obstructions or difficulties
smoothly
A2
/ˈsmuːðli/
with no problems or difficulties
snack
A2
/snæk/
An item of food eaten between meals.
snowboarding
A2
The sport of sliding downhill on a snowboard.
soap
A2
/soʊp/
Some other substance, often a detergent or another surfactant, able to mix with both oil and water, used for cleaning.
society
A2
/səˈsaɪ.ə.ti/
A long-standing group of people sharing cultural aspects such as language, dress, norms of behavior and artistic forms.
sock
A2
/sɑk/
A sleeve for a microphone to reduce noise.
soda
A2
/ˈsoʊdə/
a sweet drink containing carbonated water and flavoring
soft
A2
/sɔft/
not brilliant or glaring
soft drink
A2
softly
A2
/ˈsɔftli/
with low volume
software
A2
/ˈsɔf(t)ˌwɛɹ/
(computer science) written programs or procedures or rules and associated documentation pertaining to the operation of a computer system and that are stored in read/write memory
soldier
A2
/ˈsoʊld͡ʒɚ/
an enlisted man or woman who serves in an army
solution
A2
/səˈl(j)uːʃən/
the successful action of solving a problem
somebody
A2
/ˈsʌmbˌʌdi/
Some unspecified person.
someday
A2
/ˈsʌmˌdeɪ/
some unspecified time in the future
somewhere
A2
/ˈsʌm.wɛɹ/
in or at or to some place
sound
A2
/ˈsæʊ̯nd/
thorough
source
A2
/sɔɹs/
a document (or organization) from which information is obtained
south
A2
/ˈsɐʊ̯θ/
in a southern direction
space
A2
/speɪs/
the unlimited expanse in which everything is located
spaceship
A2
/ˈspeɪsˌʃɪp/
A finite pattern that reappears after a certain number of generations in the same orientation but in a different position.
spaghetti
A2
/spəˈɡɛti/
A type of pasta made in the shape of long thin strings.
speaker
A2
/ˈspikɚ/
the presiding officer of a deliberative assembly
specific
A2
/spɪˈsɪf.ɪk/
stated explicitly or in detail
speed
A2
/spiːd/
a rate, usually rapid, at which something happens
spill
A2
/spɪl/
a sudden drop from an upright position
splash
A2
/splæʃ/
a patch of bright color
split
A2
/splɪt/
(especially of wood) cut or ripped longitudinally with the grain
spoon
A2
/spuːn/
as much as a spoon will hold
sports center
A2
spread
A2
/spɹɛd/
fully extended in width
square
A2
/skweɹ/
firmly and solidly
stadium
A2
/ˈsteɪ.di.əm/
A venue where sporting events are held.
staff
A2
/stɑːf/
a strong rod or stick with a specialized utilitarian purpose
stair
A2
/stɛɚ/
A series of steps; a staircase.
stamp
A2
/stæmp/
a symbol that is the result of printing or engraving
state
A2
/ˈsteɪt/
the way something is with respect to its main attributes
statement
A2
/ˈsteɪtmənt/
a line of code written as part of a computer program
statue
A2
/ˈstæt͡ʃ.uː/
A three-dimensional work of art, usually representing a person or animal, usually created by sculpting, carving, molding, or casting.
steak
A2
/steɪk/
A relatively large, thick slice or slab cut from another animal, a vegetable, etc.
steal
A2
/stiːl/
To take illegally, or without the owner's permission, something owned by someone else without intending to return it.
stomach
A2
/ˈstʌm.ək/
an appetite for food
stomachache
A2
/ˈstʌməkˌeɪk/
an ache localized in the stomach or abdominal region
storm
A2
/stɔɹm/
a violent commotion or disturbance
stove
A2
/stoʊv/
a kitchen appliance used for cooking food
stranger
A2
/ˈstɹeɪnd͡ʒɚ/
comparative form of strange: more strange
strategy
A2
/ˈstɹæt.ɪ.d͡ʒi/
The science and art of military command as applied to the overall planning and conduct of warfare.
strength
A2
/[st̠͡ɹ̠ɛŋkθ]/
the property of being physically or mentally strong
strike
A2
/stiː.ɹaɪk/
(baseball) a pitch that the batter swings at and misses, or that the batter hits into foul territory, or that the batter does not swing at but the umpire judges to be in the area over home plate and between the batter's knees and shoulders
string
A2
/ˈstrɪŋ/
stringed instruments that are played with a bow
strongly
A2
/ˈstɹɔŋli/
with strength or in a strong manner
structure
A2
/ˈstɹʌkt͡ʃɚ/
a particular complex anatomical part of a living thing
stuff
A2
/stɐf/
miscellaneous unspecified objects
style
A2
/ˈstaɪl/
a slender bristlelike or tubular process
succeed
A2
/səkˈsiːd/
attain success or reach a desired goal
success
A2
/səkˈsɛs/
an attainment that is successful
successfully
A2
/səkˈses.fə.li/
In a successful manner; with success; without failing.
such
A2
/sʌt͡ʃ/
to so extreme a degree
sudden
A2
/ˈsʌd.ən/
happening without warning or in a short space of time
suggest
A2
/sə(ɡ)ˈd͡ʒɛst/
imply as a possibility
suit
A2
/sjuːt/
a comprehensive term for any proceeding in a court of law whereby an individual seeks a legal remedy
suitable
A2
/[ˈsju.tə.bɫ̩]/
worthy of being chosen especially as a spouse
suitcase
A2
/ˈs(j)uːtkeɪs/
A large (usually rectangular) piece of luggage used for carrying clothes, and sometimes suits, when travelling.
summary
A2
/ˈsʌm.ə.ɹi/
performed speedily and without formality
sunflower
A2
/ˈsʌn.flaʊ.əɹ/
Any plant of the genus Helianthus, so called probably from the form and color of its floral head, having the form of a large disk surrounded by yellow ray flowers.
sunglasses
A2
/ˈsʌnˌglæsɪz/
Tinted glasses worn to protect the eyes from the sun or other bright light, and may also be worn as a fashion accessory.
sunlight
A2
/ˈsʌnˌlaɪt/
All the electromagnetic radiation given off by the Sun; especially, that in the visible spectrum and that bathes the Earth.
superlative
A2
/suˈpɝː.lə.tɪv/
the superlative form of an adjective or adverb
superstar
A2
/ˈsu.pɚˌstɑɹ/
Someone who has accumulated a vast amount of fame; a high-level celebrity.
supper
A2
/ˈsʌpɚ/
a social gathering where a light evening meal is served
support
A2
/səˈpoɹt/
the act of bearing the weight of or strengthening
surfing
A2
/ˈsɝfɪŋ/
The activity of browsing the Internet.
surname
A2
/ˈsɝˌneɪm/
the name used to identify the members of a family, as distinguished from each member's given name
surprised
A2
/sɚˈpɹaɪzd/
taken unawares or suddenly and feeling wonder or astonishment
surprising
A2
/sɚˈpɹaɪzɪŋ/
causing surprise or wonder or amazement
survive
A2
/sɚˈvaɪv/
continue in existence after an adversity, opposition, etc
swallow
A2
/ˈswɒl.ə/
the act of swallowing
sweat
A2
/swɛt/
salty fluid secreted by sweat glands
sweater
A2
/ˈswɛtɚ/
A similar garment worn for warmth.
sweetheart
A2
/ˈswitˌhɑɹt/
privileged treatment of a favored person or corporation (sometimes unethically)
swimming costume
A2
swimsuit
A2
/ˈswɪm.s(j)ut/
A garment worn for swimming.
symbol
A2
/ˈsɪmbəl/
something visible that by association or convention represents something else that is invisible
symphony
A2
/ˈsɪm.fə.ni/
An extended piece of music of sophisticated structure, usually for orchestra.
system
A2
/ˈsɪstəm/
instrumentality that combines interrelated interacting artifacts designed to work as a coherent entity
table tennis
A2
tablespoon
A2
/ˈteɪbəlˌspun/
A large spoon, used for eating food from a bowl.
talent
A2
/ˈʈalɛɳʈ/
A marked natural ability or skill.
tap
A2
/tɐːp/
strike lightly
tape
A2
/ˈteɪp/
a long thin piece of cloth or paper as used for binding or fastening
target
A2
/ˈtɑɹ.ɡɪt/
A butt or mark to shoot at, as for practice, or to test the accuracy of a firearm, or the force of a projectile.
task
A2
/task/
assign a task to
tear
A2
/tɛɹ/
the act of tearing
teenage
A2
/ˈtiːˌneɪdʒ/
being of the age 13 through 19
teenager
A2
/ˈtinˌeɪ.dʒɚ/
a juvenile between the onset of puberty and maturity
temperature
A2
/ˈtɛm.pəɹˌt͡ʃɚ/
A measure of cold or heat, often measurable with a thermometer.
terrify
A2
/ˈtɛɹɪfaɪ/
To menace or intimidate.
terrorist
A2
/ˈtɛɹəɹɪst/
a radical who employs terror as a political weapon
text
A2
/tɛkst/
the words of something written
text message
A2
textbook
A2
/ˈtekst.bʊk/
a book prepared for use in schools or colleges
theirs
A2
/ðɛɚz/
That or those belonging to them; the possessive case of they, used without a following noun.
themselves
A2
/ðemˈselvz/
The reflexive case of they, the third-person plural personal pronoun. The group of people, animals, or objects previously mentioned, as the object of a verb or following a preposition (also used for emphasis).
therefore
A2
/ˈðɛɹ.fɔɹ/
(used to introduce a logical conclusion) from that fact or reason or as a result
thief
A2
/θif/
One who carries out a theft.
third
A2
/θɚd/
in the third place
thirsty
A2
/ˈθɝs.ti/
able to take in large quantities of moisture
though
A2
/ðoʊ/
(postpositive) however
thought
A2
/θɔt/
the organized beliefs of a period or group or individual
thousand
A2
/ˈθuːz(ə)nd/
A numerical value equal to 1,000 = 10 × 100 = 10³ (1 E+3 exactly—in scientific E notation.)
thunderstorm
A2
/ˈθʌn.dɚˌstɔɹm/
A storm consisting of thunder and lightning produced by a cumulonimbus, usually accompanied with heavy rain, wind, and sometimes hail; and in rarer cases sleet, freezing rain, or snow.
tidy
A2
/ˈtaɪ.di/
marked by order and cleanliness in appearance or habits
tie
A2
/taɪ/
neckwear consisting of a long narrow piece of material worn under a collar and tied in knot at the front
tights
A2
/ˈtaɪts/
skintight knit hose covering the body from the waist to the feet worn by acrobats and dancers and as stockings by women and girls
till
A2
/tɪl/
work land as by ploughing, harrowing, and manuring, in order to make it ready for cultivation
timetable
A2
/ˈtaɪmˌteɪbəl/
A tabular schedule of events with the times at which they occur, especially times of arrivals and departures.
tip
A2
/ˈtɪp/
remove the tip from
title
A2
/ˈtaɪ.tl̩/
an identifying appellation signifying status or function: e.g. 'Professor' or 'Doctor'
toast
A2
/toʊst/
a celebrity who receives much acclaim and attention
toe
A2
/toʊ/
drive obliquely
tone
A2
/ˈtoʊ̯n/
a pitch or change in pitch of the voice that serves to distinguish words in tonal languages
toothache
A2
/ˈtuθˌeɪk/
A pain or ache in a tooth.
toothbrush
A2
/ˈtuθ.bɹʌʃ/
To clean or scrub with a toothbrush.
tour
A2
/tɔː(ɹ)/
a journey or route all the way around a particular place or area
tour guide
A2
tourist
A2
/ˈtʊɹ.ɪst/
someone who travels for pleasure
toward
A2
/tɔɹd/
In the direction of.
track
A2
/ˈtræk/
carry on the feet and deposit
trade
A2
/ˈtreɪd/
the skilled practice of a practical occupation
tradition
A2
/tɹəˈdɪʃ.ən/
A part of culture that is passed from person to person or generation to generation, possibly differing in detail from family to family, such as the way to celebrate holidays.
traditional
A2
/tɹəˈdɪʃ.ə.nəl/
consisting of or derived from tradition
traffic
A2
/ˈtræfɪk/
the amount of activity over a communication system during a given period of time
traffic light
A2
training
A2
/ˈtɹeɪnɪŋ/
The activity of imparting and acquiring skills.
tram
A2
/tɹæm/
a four-wheeled wagon that runs on tracks in a mine
trap
A2
/tɹæp/
something (often something deceptively attractive) that catches you unawares
traveler
A2
/ˈtɹæv.lɚ/
US standard spelling of traveller.
treasure
A2
/ˈtɹɛʒɚ/
a collection of precious things
trick
A2
/tɹɪk/
a cunning or deceitful action or device
trouble
A2
/ˈtɹɐb.əl/
an effort that is inconvenient
truly
A2
/ˈtɹuːli/
in accordance with truth or fact or reality
trust
A2
/tɹʌst/
the trait of believing in the honesty and reliability of others
truth
A2
/tɹuθ/
a fact that has been verified
tune
A2
/tjuːn/
the property of producing accurately a note of a given pitch
twice
A2
/twaɪs/
two times
uncertain
A2
/ʌnˈsɜɹ.tən/
ambiguous, especially preceded by a negative
uncomfortable
A2
/ʌnˈkʌm.fɚ.tə.bl̩/
providing or experiencing physical discomfort
understand
A2
/ˌʌndɚˈstænd/
know and comprehend the nature or meaning of
underwater
A2
/ʌndɚˈwɔtəɹ/
Beneath the surface of the water; of or pertaining to the region beneath the water surface.
uneasy
A2
/ʌnˈiːzi/
lacking a sense of security or affording no ease or reassurance
unfair
A2
/ʌnˈfɛɚ/
Not fair.
unforgettable
A2
/ˌʌnfə(ɹ)ˈɡɛtəbəl/
Very difficult or impossible to forget.
unfortunately
A2
/ʌnˈfɔɹ.t͡ʃə.nɪt.li/
by bad luck
unhappy
A2
/ʌnˈhæpi/
experiencing or marked by or causing sadness or sorrow or discontent
unhealthy
A2
/ʌnˈhɛl.θi/
not conducive to good health
uniform
A2
/ˈjunɪˌfɔɹm/
evenly spaced
unimportant
A2
/ˌʌnɪmˈpɔɹtənt/
not important
unit
A2
/ˈjuː.nɪt/
a single undivided whole
university
A2
/ˌjunəˈvərsədi/
An institution of higher education that provides facilities for teaching, research, and the conferral of academic degrees across undergraduate, graduate, and often professional levels.
unknown
A2
/ʌnˈnoʊn/
being or having an unknown or unnamed source
unlike
A2
/ʌnˈlaɪk/
marked by dissimilarity
unnecessary
A2
/ʌnˈnɛs.əˌsɛɹ.i/
Not needed or necessary.
unpleasant
A2
/ʌnˈplɛzn̩t/
disagreeable to the senses, to the mind, or feelings
unusual
A2
/ʌnˈjuːʒ(u)əl/
not commonly encountered
upon
A2
/əˈpɑn/
A higher-register or more formal alternative to on in most, though not all, prepositional uses.
upset
A2
/ɐpˈset/
afflicted with or marked by anxious uneasiness or trouble or grief
upstairs
A2
/ˌʌpˈstɛɹz/
the part of a building above the ground floor
used
A2
/juzd/
previously used or owned by another
useful
A2
/ˈjusfl̩/
being of use or service
usual
A2
/ˈju.ʒuəl/
occurring or encountered or experienced or observed frequently or in accordance with regular practice or procedure
valley
A2
/ˈvæli/
An elongated depression cast between hills or mountains, often with a river flowing through it.
value
A2
/ˈvæl.ju/
relative darkness or lightness of a color
verb
A2
/vɝb/
to use a word not conventionally considered a verb, typically a noun, as a verb
video game
A2
view
A2
/vjuː/
the act of looking or seeing or observing
village
A2
/ʋɪleːdʒ/
A rural habitation of size between a hamlet and a town.
violent
A2
/ˈvaɪ.ə.lənt/
marked by extreme intensity of emotions or convictions
violin
A2
/ˌvaɪ.əˈlɪn/
A small unfretted stringed instrument with four strings tuned (lowest to highest) G-D-A-E, usually held against the chin and played with a bow.
visitor
A2
/ˈvɪzɪtɚ/
Someone who visits someone else; someone staying as a guest.
vocabulary
A2
/voʊˈkæb.jəˌlɛ.ɹi/
the system of techniques or symbols serving as a means of expression, typically in an art or craft
voice
A2
/vɔjs/
a means or agency by which something is expressed or communicated
walking
A2
/ˈwaːk.ɪn/
the act of traveling by foot
wallet
A2
/ˈwɑl.ət/
A small case, often flat and often made of leather, for keeping money (especially paper money), credit cards, etc.
wander
A2
/ˈwɑndɚ/
go via an indirect route or at no set pace
washing machine
A2
washing-up
A2
/ˌwɑʃ.ɪŋˈʌp/
The act of washing dishes etc; dishwashing.
wave
A2
/weɪv/
a movement like that of a sudden occurrence or increase in a specified phenomenon
weak
A2
/wi(ː)k/
deficient in intelligence or mental power
wealth
A2
/wɛlθ/
the quality of profuse abundance
web
A2
/wɛb/
an intricate network suggesting something that was formed by weaving or interweaving
web page
A2
website
A2
/ˈwɛbˌsaɪt/
A collection of interlinked web pages on the World Wide Web that are typically accessible from the same base URL and reside on the same server.
wedding
A2
/ˈwɛdɪŋ/
A marriage ceremony; a ritual officially celebrating the beginning of a marriage.
weekday
A2
/ˈwiːkdeɪ̯/
Any individual day of the week, except those which form the weekend or the single weekly day off; that is:
weekly
A2
/ˈwiːk.li/
without missing a week
weep
A2
/wiːp/
To cry; to shed tears, especially when accompanied with sobbing or other difficulty speaking, as an expression of emotion such as sadness or joy.
weigh
A2
/weɪ/
have weight
weight
A2
/weɪt/
the relative importance granted to something
well-known
A2
/ˌwɛlˈnoʊn/
widely or fully known
west
A2
/wɛst/
to, toward, or in the west
wet
A2
/wɛt/
supporting or permitting the legal production and sale of alcoholic beverages
whatever
A2
/wʌtˈɛv.ɚ/
A thing or person whose actual name is unknown or forgotten.
wheelchair
A2
/ˈ(h)wilt͡ʃɛɹ/
A chair mounted on large wheels for the transportation or use of a sick or disabled person.
while
A2
/ʍaɪl/
a period of indeterminate length, usually short, marked by some action or condition
whole
A2
/hoʊl/
(of siblings) having the same parents
whom
A2
/huːm/
What person or people; which person or people.
wide
A2
/wɑed/
with or by a broad space
widely
A2
/ˈwaɪdli/
to a great degree
wild
A2
/waɪld/
marked by extreme lack of restraint or control
windy
A2
/ˈwɪn.di/
using or containing too many words
wine
A2
/waɪn/
treat to wine
winner
A2
/ˈwɪnɚ/
One who has won or often wins.
wisdom
A2
/ˈwɪzdəm/
The ability to know and apply spiritual truths.
wise
A2
/waɪz/
having or prompted by wisdom or discernment
within
A2
/wɪðˈɪn/
In the inner part, spatially; physically inside.
without
A2
/wɪθˈaʊt/
lacking something
wonder
A2
/ˈwʌndɚ/
something that causes feelings of wonder
wood
A2
/wʉd/
a golf club with a long shaft used to hit long shots
wooden
A2
/ˈwʉdn̩/
lacking ease or grace
wool
A2
/wʊl/
fiber sheared from animals, such as sheep, and twisted into yarn for weaving
worldwide
A2
/ˈwɝldˌwaɪd/
spanning or extending throughout the entire world
worried
A2
/ˈwʌɹ.id/
Thinking about unpleasant things that have happened or that might happen; feeling afraid and unhappy.
worse
A2
/wɔːs/
in a less effective or successful or desirable manner
worst
A2
/wɔːst/
to the highest degree of inferiority or badness
writing
A2
/ˈɹaɪtɪŋ/
the activity of putting something in written form
yeah
A2
/jɛ(ə)/
casual way of answering yes
youth
A2
/juθ/
an early period of development
zone
A2
/zoʊn/
Each of the five regions of the earth's surface into which it was divided by climatic differences, namely the torrid zone (between the tropics), two temperate zones (between the tropics and the polar circles), and two frigid zones (within the polar circles).
Level B1 (2140)
abandon
B1
/əˈbæn.dən/
to stop maintaining or insisting on
able
B1
/[ˈeɪ̯.bw]/
(usually followed by `to') having the necessary means or skill or know-how or authority to do something
abnormal
B1
/ˌæbˈnɔɹ.ml̩/
much greater than the normal
aboard
B1
/əˈbɔɹd/
on first or second or third base
aborigine
B1
/ˌæb.əˈɹɪd͡ʒ.ə.ni/
An Aboriginal person from Australia (descending from, or a member of, one of the indigenous people(s) before British colonisation), Aboriginal Australian.
absence
B1
/ˈæb.s(ə)n̩s/
the state of being absent
absent
B1
/ˈæb.sn̩t/
nonexistent
absolute
B1
/ˈæb.səˌlut/
perfect or complete or pure
absolutely
B1
/ˌæb.səˈlut.li/
Independently; viewed without relation to other things or factors.
absorb
B1
/æbˈsɔɹb/
to cause to become one with
abstract
B1
/ˈæbˌstɹækt/
dealing with a subject in the abstract without practical purpose or intention
abundance
B1
/əˈbʌn.dn̩s/
the property of a more than adequate quantity or supply
abundant
B1
/əˈbʌn.dənt/
present in great quantity
academic
B1
/əˈkæɖ.ə.mɪk/
hypothetical or theoretical and not expected to produce an immediate or practical result
academy
B1
/əˈkad.ə.mɪ/
a secondary school, which is usually private
accent
B1
/ˈæk.sɛnt/
distinctive manner of oral expression
acceptance
B1
/əkˈsɛp.təns/
the act of taking something that is offered
access
B1
/ˈækˌsɛs/
the act of approaching or entering
accessible
B1
/əkˈsɛs.ɪ.bəl/
capable of being reached
accessory
B1
/əˈsɛs.(ə.)ɹi/
aiding and abetting in a crime
accidental
B1
/ˌæk.sɪˈdɛn.tl̩/
Happening by chance, or unexpectedly; taking place not according to the usual course of things; by accident, unintentional.
accidentally
B1
/ˌæk.sɪˈdɛnt(ə)li/
without advance planning
accompany
B1
/əˈkʌm.pə.ni/
to perform a musical accompaniment
accomplish
B1
/əˈkɑm.plɪʃ/
to achieve or complete successfully
according to
B1
accountant
B1
/əˈkaʊn.tənt/
One whose profession includes organizing, maintaining and auditing the records of another. The records are usually, but not always, financial records.
accuracy
B1
/ˈæk.jɚ.ə.si/
the quality of being near to the true value
accurate
B1
/ˈæk.jə.ɹɪt/
conforming exactly or almost exactly to fact or to a standard or performing with total accuracy
accurately
B1
/ˈæk.jə.ɹɪt.li/
with few mistakes
accuse
B1
/əˈkjuz/
to bring an accusation against
accustom
B1
/əˈkʌs.təm/
to make psychologically or physically used to something
ache
B1
/ˈeɪk/
a dull, persistent, moderately intense pain
achievement
B1
/əˈt͡ʃiːv.mənt/
The act of achieving or performing; a successful performance; accomplishment.
acknowledge
B1
/əkˈnɑ.lɪd͡ʒ/
to accept someone to be what is claimed or accept his power and authority
acknowledgment
B1
/əkˈnɑ.lɪd͡ʒ.mənt/
a short note recognizing a source of information or of a quoted passage
acquaintance
B1
/ʌˈkweɪn.təns/
a person with whom you are acquainted
acquire
B1
/əˈkwaɪɚ/
to come to have or undergo a change of physical features and attributes
active
B1
/ˈæk.tɪv/
characterized by energetic activity
actress
B1
/ˈæk.tɹɪs/
A female who performs on the stage or in films.
ad
B1
/ˌeɪˈdi/
Initialism of Anno Domini (borrowed from Latin); in the year of our Lord.
adapt
B1
/əˈdæpt/
to adapt or conform oneself to new or different conditions
addressee
B1
/ˌædɹɛˈsiː/
A person or entity to whom discourse is directed, or the words referring to such an entity.
administration
B1
/ədˌmɪn.əˈstɹeɪ.ʃən/
the persons or committees or departments etc., who make up a body for the purpose of administering something
admiration
B1
/ˌædmɝˈeɪʃən/
a favorable judgment
admission
B1
/ədˈmɪʃən/
the act of admitting someone to enter
adopt
B1
/əˈdɑpt/
to take into one's family
adorable
B1
/əˈdoɹ.əˌbəl/
Befitting of being adored; cute or loveable.
advance
B1
/ədˈvæns/
increase in price or value
adverb
B1
/ˈæd.vɜɹb/
A word that modifies a verb, adjective, other adverbs, or various other types of words, phrases, or clauses.
adverbial
B1
/ædˈvɝbi.əl/
of or relating to or functioning as an adverb
advert
B1
/ˈædvɜɹt/
to make a reference to
advertise
B1
/ˈædvɚtaɪz/
to call attention to
adviser
B1
/ædˈvaɪ.zɚ/
an expert who gives advice
aerobics
B1
/əˈɹoʊbɪks/
exercise that increases the need for oxygen
affect
B1
/əˈfɛkt/
to act physically on
affection
B1
/əˈfɛk.ʃən/
a positive feeling of liking
afford
B1
/əˈfoɹd/
to be able to spare or give up
afterward
B1
/ˈæf.tɚ.wɚd/
happening at a time subsequent to a reference time
afterwards
B1
/ˈæf.tɚ.wɚdz/
At a later or succeeding time; after that;
agenda
B1
/əˈd͡ʒɛn.də/
A temporally organized plan for matters to be attended to.
aggressive
B1
/əˈɡɹɛs.ɪv/
having or showing determination and energetic pursuit of your ends
agreement
B1
/əˈɡɹiːmənt/
compatibility of observations
agricultural
B1
/ˌæɡ.ɹɪˈkʌl.tʃə.ɹəl/
relating to rural matters
agriculture
B1
/ˈæɡ.ɹɪˌkʌl.tʃɚ/
The art or science of cultivating the ground, including the growing and harvesting of crops, and the rearing and management of livestock.
aid
B1
/ˈeɪd/
a resource
aim
B1
/eɪm/
to have an ambitious plan or a lofty goal
air conditioning
B1
air force
B1
airline
B1
/ˈɛɹˌlaɪn/
A company that flies airplanes to transport people and goods.
alcohol
B1
/ˈæl.kə.hɔl/
a liquor or brew containing alcohol as the active agent
alcoholic
B1
/ˌæl.kəˈhɔ.lɪk/
addicted to alcohol
alike
B1
/əˈlaɪk/
in a like manner
allergic
B1
/əˈlɝ.d͡ʒɪk/
having an allergy or peculiar or excessive susceptibility, especially to a specific factor
allowance
B1
/əˈlaʊəns/
the act of allowing
aloud
B1
/əˈlaʊd/
With a loud voice, or great noise; loudly; audibly.
alphabet
B1
/ˈæl.fəˌbɛt/
The set of letters used when writing in a language.
alternative
B1
/ɔːlˈtɜː.nə.tɪv/
necessitating a choice between mutually exclusive possibilities
altogether
B1
/ɔl.tuˈɡɛð.ɚ/
with everything included or counted
amazed
B1
/əˈmeɪzd/
filled with the emotional impact of overwhelming surprise or shock
amazing
B1
/əˈmeɪzɪŋ/
inspiring awe or admiration or wonder
ambitious
B1
/æmˈbɪʃ.əs/
requiring full use of your abilities or resources
ambulance
B1
/ˈæm.bjə.ləns/
An emergency vehicle designed for transporting seriously ill or injured people to a hospital.
amount
B1
/əˈmaʊnt/
the relative magnitude of something with reference to a criterion
amusing
B1
/əˈmjuːzɪŋ/
arousing or provoking laughter
analysis
B1
/əˈnæl.ə.sɪs/
Decomposition into components in order to study (a complex thing, concept, theory, etc.).
analyze
B1
/ˈæn.əˌlaɪz/
to subject to psychoanalytic treatment
anger
B1
/ˈæ̝ŋɡɚ/
to make angry
angle
B1
/ˈæŋ.ɡəl/
to present with a bias
animated
B1
/ˈæn.ɪ.meɪ.tɪd/
having life or vigor or spirit
animation
B1
/ˌæn.ɪˈmeɪ.ʃən/
The act of animating, or giving life or spirit.
announce
B1
/əˈnaʊn(t)s/
to announce publicly or officially
announcement
B1
/əˈnaʊns.mənt/
a formal public statement
annoyance
B1
/əˈnɔɪ.əns/
That which annoys.
annoyed
B1
/əˈnɔɪd/
Troubled, irritated by something unwanted or unliked (an annoyance); vexed.
annual
B1
/ˈæn.ju.əl/
completing its life cycle within a year
annually
B1
/ˈæn.ju.ə.li/
without missing a year
ant
B1
/[ɛənt]/
Any of various insects in the family Formicidae in the order Hymenoptera, typically living in large colonies composed almost entirely of flightless females.
anti
B1
/ˈæn.taɪ/
a person who is opposed (to an action or policy or practice etc.)
antique
B1
/ˌænˈtik/
out of fashion
antonym
B1
/ˈæn.təˌnɪm/
a word that expresses a meaning opposed to the meaning of another word, in which case the two words are antonyms of each other
anxiety
B1
/ˌæŋ(ɡ)ˈzaɪ.ɪ.ti/
An unpleasant state of mental uneasiness, nervousness, apprehension and obsession or concern about some uncertain event.
anxiously
B1
/ˈæŋ(k).ʃəs.li/
with anxiety or apprehension
anyhow
B1
/ˈɛn.i.haʊ/
in any way whatsoever
ape
B1
/eɪp/
to represent in or produce a caricature of
apology
B1
/əˈpɑ.lə.d͡ʒi/
a poor example
apparent
B1
/əˈpæɹ.ənt/
clearly revealed to the mind or the senses or judgment
appeal
B1
/əˈpil/
(law) a legal proceeding in which the appellant resorts to a higher court for the purpose of obtaining a review of a lower court decision and a reversal of the lower court's judgment or the granting of a new trial
appetite
B1
/ˈæp.əˌtaɪt/
a feeling of craving something
applaud
B1
/əˈplɔd/
to express approval of
applause
B1
/əˈplɔz/
The act of applauding; approbation and praise publicly expressed by the clapping of hands, stamping or tapping of the feet, acclamation, huzzas, or other means; marked commendation.
application
B1
/əp.lɪˈke.ʃən/
the action of putting something into operation
appoint
B1
/əˈpɔɪnt/
to furnish
appreciation
B1
/əˌpɹi.ʃiˈeɪ.ʃən/
an increase in price or value
approach
B1
/əˈpɹoʊt͡ʃ/
to make advances to someone, usually with a proposal or suggestion
approval
B1
/əˈpɹuvəl/
a message expressing a favorable opinion
approve
B1
/əˈpruːv/
to judge to be right or commendable
approximately
B1
/əˈpɹɑk.sɪ.mət.li/
(of quantities) imprecise but fairly close to correct
architect
B1
/ˈɑɹ.kɪˌtɛkt/
A professional who designs buildings or other structures, or who prepares plans and superintends construction.
arise
B1
/əˈɹaɪz/
to get up and out of bed
arithmetic
B1
/əˈɹɪθmətɪk/
relating to or involving arithmetic
army
B1
/ˈɑɹ.mi/
A large, highly organized military force, concerned mainly with ground (rather than air or naval) operations.
arrange
B1
/əˈɹeɪnd͡ʒ/
to configure or arrange something attractively
arrangement
B1
/əˈɹeɪnd͡ʒmənt/
the spatial property of the way in which something is placed
arrest
B1
/əˈɹɛst/
the act of apprehending, especially apprehending a criminal
arrival
B1
/əˈɹaɪ.vl̩/
the act of arriving at a certain place
arrow
B1
/ˈæɹoʊ/
A projectile consisting of a shaft, a point and a tail with stabilizing fins that is shot from a bow.
artist
B1
/ˈɑɹ.tɪst/
Artistic.
artistic
B1
/ɑɹˈtɪs.tɪk/
satisfying aesthetic standards and sensibilities
ashamed
B1
/əˈʃeɪmd/
Feeling shame or guilt.
aside
B1
/əˈsaɪd/
in a different direction
aspect
B1
/ˈæspɛkt/
Any specific feature, part, or element of something.
aspirin
B1
/ˈæsp(ɪ)ɹɪn/
A tablet containing this substance.
assign
B1
/əˈsaɪn/
to select something or someone for a specific purpose
assignment
B1
/əˈsaɪn.mənt/
the act of distributing something to designated places or persons
assist
B1
/əˈsɪst/
in sports, the act of enabling another player to make a good play
assistance
B1
/əˈsɪstəns/
Aid; help; the act or result of assisting.
associate
B1
/əˈsoʊʃieɪt/
any event that usually accompanies or is closely connected with another
assume
B1
/əˈsjuːm/
to take on titles, offices, duties, or responsibilities
astronomer
B1
/əˈstɹɑ.nə.mɚ/
One who studies astronomy, the stars or the physical universe; a scientist whose area of research is astronomy or astrophysics.
athletic
B1
/æθˈlɛtɪk/
vigorously active
Atlantic
B1
/ætˈlæn.tɪk/
relating to or bordering the Atlantic Ocean
atmosphere
B1
/ˈætməsˌfɪɹ/
the mass of air surrounding the Earth
atomic
B1
/əˈtɑː.mɪk/
of or relating to or comprising atoms
attach
B1
/əˈtæt͡ʃ/
to be connected or attached
attachment
B1
/əˈtæt͡ʃmənt/
faithful support for a cause or political party or religion
attain
B1
/əˈteɪn/
to reach a point in time, or a certain state or level
attend
B1
/əˈtɛnd/
to give heed to
attract
B1
/əˈtɹækt/
to exert a force on a body causing it to approach or prevent it from moving away
attraction
B1
/əˈtrækʃən/
The tendency to attract.
authority
B1
/əˈθɔɹədi/
official permission or approval
auxiliary
B1
/ɔɡˈzɪl.(jə).ɹi/
functioning in a supporting capacity
available
B1
/əʋ(ɛ)ˈle.bᵻl/
obtainable or accessible and ready for use or service
avenue
B1
/ˈæv.əˌn(j)u/
a line of approach
aware
B1
/əˈwɛɚ/
Vigilant or on one's guard against danger or difficulty.
awareness
B1
/əˈwɛɚ.nəs/
having knowledge of
awesome
B1
/ˈɔ.səm/
Causing awe or terror; inspiring wonder or excitement.
awkward
B1
/ˈaːk.wɐd/
causing inconvenience
babysit
B1
/ˈbeɪ.bi.sɪt/
To watch or tend someone else's child for a period of time, often for money.
babysitter
B1
/ˈbeɪ̯biˌsɪtɚ/
A person who cares for one or more babies or children for a short period of time in place of their legal guardians.
backache
B1
/ˈbækeɪk/
an ache localized in the back
backpack
B1
/ˈbæk.pæk/
to hike with a backpack
backpacker
B1
/ˈbækˌpækɝ/
A traveler whose luggage consists of a backpack; especially, such a traveler who uses hostels, public transport, and other inexpensive services.
backpacking
B1
/ˈbækˌpækɪŋ/
carrying something in a pack on the back
bacon
B1
/ˈbeɪ.kən/
Cured meat from the sides, belly, or back of a pig.
baggage
B1
/ˈbæɡɪd͡ʒ/
Portable cases, large bags, and similar equipment for manually carrying, pushing, or pulling personal items while traveling
baker
B1
/ˈbeɪ.kɚ/
A person who bakes and sells bread, cakes and similar items.
bakery
B1
/ˈbeɪ.kə.ɹi/
Baked goods.
balance
B1
/ˈbæləns/
harmonious arrangement or relation of parts or elements within a whole (as in a design)
bald
B1
/bɑːld/
lacking hair on all or most of the scalp
bandage
B1
/ˈbændɪd͡ʒ/
to dress by covering or binding
bang
B1
/ˈbæŋ/
directly on target
bank account
B1
bare
B1
/bɛɚ/
completely unclothed
barely
B1
/ˈbɛɹ.li/
only a very short time before
bark
B1
/bɑɹk/
to tan a skin with bark tannins
barman
B1
/ˈbɑɹmæn/
A man who works in a bar.
barrel
B1
/ˈbæɹəl/
any of various units of capacity
basement
B1
/ˈbeɪsmənt/
A floor of a building below ground level.
basin
B1
/ˈbeɪsən/
a natural depression in the surface of the land often with a lake at the bottom of it
basis
B1
/ˈbæɪ.sɪs/
the fundamental assumptions from which something is begun or developed or calculated or explained
bathe
B1
/beɪð/
the act of swimming
battle
B1
/ˈbætl̩/
a hostile meeting of opposing military forces in the course of a war
beard
B1
/bɪɹd/
to go along the rim, like a beard around the chin
beast
B1
/ˈbiːst/
An animal, especially a large or dangerous land vertebrate.
beat
B1
/biːt/
a stroke or blow
beautifully
B1
/ˈbjuːtɪf(ə)li/
in a pleasing or beautiful manner
beaver
B1
/ˈbivɚ/
a man's hat with a tall crown
because of
B1
bedside
B1
/ˈbɛdˌsaɪd/
space by the side of a bed, especially the bed of a sick or dying person
behalf
B1
/bɪˈhæf/
as the agent of or on someone's part (usually expressed as 'on behalf of' rather than 'in behalf of')
behave
B1
/bɪˈheɪv/
to act in a certain manner
belief
B1
/bɪˈliːf/
Mental acceptance of a claim as true.
beloved
B1
/bɪˈlʌvd/
Much loved, dearly loved.
beneath
B1
/bɪˈniːθ/
Below or underneath.
benefit
B1
/ˈbɛn.ə.fɪt/
something that aids or promotes well-being
bent
B1
/ˈbɛnt/
of metal e.g.
bet
B1
/ˈbɛt/
the act of gambling
bilingual
B1
/baɪˈlɪŋ.ɡwəl/
using or knowing two languages
bin
B1
/bɪn/
to store in a container
biochemistry
B1
/ˌbaɪəʊˈkɛmɪstɹi/
The chemistry of those compounds that occur in living organisms, and the processes that occur in their metabolism and catabolism; the study of such chemistry.
biography
B1
/baɪˈɑɡɹəfi/
A person's life story, especially one published.
biology
B1
/baɪˈɑ.lə.d͡ʒi/
characteristic life processes and phenomena of living organisms
bishop
B1
/ˈbɪʃəp/
a chess piece that can be moved diagonally over unoccupied squares of the same color
bitter
B1
/ˈbɪ.tɚ/
extremely and sharply
bleed
B1
/ˈbliːd/
to lose blood from one's body
blend
B1
/blɛnd/
a new word formed by joining two others and combining their meanings
bless
B1
/blɛs/
to give a benediction to
blessing
B1
/ˈblɛs.ɪŋ/
the formal act of approving
blind
B1
/ˈblaɪ̯nd/
unable or unwilling to perceive or understand
blog
B1
/blɔɡ/
a shared on-line journal where people can post diary entries about their personal experiences and hobbies
blogger
B1
/ˈblɔ.ɡəɹ/
A contributor to a blog (from weblog) or online journal.
blush
B1
/blʌʃ/
to turn red in the face, as if in embarrassment or shame
boast
B1
/boʊst/
to show off
bold
B1
/ˈbɒld/
fearless and daring
boldly
B1
/ˈboʊldli/
with boldness, in a bold manner
bomb
B1
/bɑm/
to throw explosives at or attack with explosives
bond
B1
/bɑnd/
the property of sticking together, as of glue and wood, or the joining of surfaces of different composition
booking
B1
/ˈbʊkɪŋ/
employment for performers or performing groups that lasts for a limited period of time
boom
B1
/bum/
a sudden happening that brings good fortune, as a sudden opportunity to make money
boot
B1
/but/
to cause to load an operating system and start the initial processes
border
B1
/ˈbɔə.də/
a strip forming the outer edge of something
bore
B1
/boɹ/
to make a hole, especially with a pointed power or hand tool
boredom
B1
/ˈbɔɹ.dəm/
The state of being bored.
bounce
B1
/baʊns/
to hit something so that it bounces
bound
B1
/ˈbæʊ̯nd/
confined by bonds
bow
B1
/ˈboʊ̯/
front part of a vessel or aircraft
boxing
B1
/ˈbɑːksɪŋ/
A sport where two opponents punch each other with gloved fists to head and torso; the object being to score more points by the end of the match or by knockout, or technical knockout.
bracelet
B1
/ˈbreɪslət/
A band or chain worn around the wrist as jewelry/jewellery or an ornament.
brainstorming
B1
/ˈbreɪnˌstɔrmɪŋ/
a group problem-solving technique in which members spontaneously share ideas and solutions
brand-new
B1
/ˈbrændˌnuː/
conspicuously new
brass
B1
/bɹas/
A class of wind instruments, usually made of metal (such as brass), that use vibrations of the player's lips to produce sound; a band or the section of an orchestra that features such instruments.
bravely
B1
/ˈbɹeɪvli/
in a courageous manner
breakthrough
B1
/ˈbɹeɪk.θɹuː/
Characterized by major progress or overcoming some obstacle.
breast
B1
/bɹɛst/
the front of the trunk from the neck to the abdomen
breath
B1
/bɹeθ/
the process of taking in and expelling air during breathing
breathless
B1
/ˈbɹɛθləs/
not breathing or able to breathe except with difficulty
breed
B1
/bɹiːd/
a special type
breeding
B1
/ˈbɹiːdɪŋ/
producing offspring or set aside especially for producing offspring
brick
B1
/ˈbɹɪk/
A hardened rectangular block of mud, clay etc., used for building.
brief
B1
/bɹiːf/
concise and succinct
briefly
B1
/ˈbɹiːfli/
for a short time
brightly
B1
/ˈbɹaɪtli/
In a bright manner.
broad
B1
/bɹɔd/
showing or characterized by broad-mindedness
broadcast
B1
/ˈbɹɔːdkast/
to cause to become widely known
broccoli
B1
/ˈbɹɑ.kə.li/
A plant, Brassica oleracea var. italica, of the cabbage family, Brassicaceae; especially, the tree-shaped flower and stalk that are eaten as a vegetable.
bronze
B1
/bɹɑnz/
of the color of bronze
brotherhood
B1
/ˈbɹʌð.ɚˌhʊd/
The state of being brothers or a brother (also figuratively).
bubble
B1
/ˈbʌb.l̩/
an impracticable and illusory idea
buddy
B1
/ˈbʌd.i/
A friend or casual acquaintance.
builder
B1
/ˈbɪl.dəɹ/
a person who creates a business or who organizes and develops a country
bull
B1
/ˈbʊl/
a serious and ludicrous blunder
bullet
B1
/ˈbʊl.ɪt/
Ammunition for a sling or slingshot which has been manufactured for such use.
bulletin
B1
/ˈbʊl.ə.tən/
to make public by bulletin or written statement
bump
B1
/bʌmp/
an impact as from a collision
bunch
B1
/bʌnt͡ʃ/
a grouping of a number of similar things
burden
B1
/ˈbɝdn̩/
an onerous or difficult concern
bureau
B1
/ˈbjʊ.ɹoʊ/
An administrative unit of government; office.
burglar
B1
/ˈbɝɡlɚ/
A person who breaks in to premises with the intent of committing theft.
burning
B1
/ˈbɝnɪŋ/
the act of burning something
burst
B1
/bɝst/
a sudden flurry of activity (often for no obvious reason)
bust
B1
/bʌst/
lacking funds
butcher
B1
/ˈbʊt͡ʃɚ/
to kill animals, usually for food consumption
buyer
B1
/ˈbaɪ.ɚ/
A person who makes one or more purchases.
cabbage
B1
/ˈkɛb.əd͡ʒ/
to make off with belongings of others
cabin
B1
/ˈkæbɪn/
A small dwelling characteristic of the frontier, especially when built from logs with simple tools and not constructed by professional builders, but by those who meant to live in it.
cage
B1
/keɪd͡ʒ/
to confine in a cage
calculate
B1
/ˈkælkjʊleɪt/
to specifically design a product, event, or activity for a certain public
calculation
B1
/ˌkælkjəˈleɪʃn̩/
The result of calculating.
calculator
B1
/ˈkæl.kjə.leɪ.tə(ɹ)/
A mechanical or electronic device that performs mathematical calculations; (now usually) an electronic one specifically.
calf
B1
/kæf/
A young cow or bull of any bovid, such as domestic cattle or buffalo.
caller
B1
/ˈkɔlɚ/
the person who convenes a meeting
calm
B1
/kɑm/
(of weather) free from storm or wind
calmness
B1
/ˈkɑ(l)mnəs/
steadiness of mind under stress
camel
B1
/ˈkæm(ə)l/
A mammalian beast of burden, much used in desert areas, of the genus Camelus.
campsite
B1
/ˈkæmpˌsaɪt/
a site where people on holiday can pitch a tent
canal
B1
/kəˈnɛl/
A tubular channel within the body or within a plant.
cancel
B1
/ˈkæn.sl̩/
to make invalid for use
cancer
B1
/ˈkæːnsə/
A disease in which the cells of a tissue undergo uncontrolled (and often rapid) proliferation.
candle
B1
/ˈkændəl/
stick of wax with a wick in the middle
canned
B1
/kænd/
Preserved in cans.
canteen
B1
/kænˈtin/
A small cafeteria or snack bar, especially one in a military establishment, school, or place of work.
capable
B1
/ˈkeɪ.bə.bəl/
(usually followed by `of') having capacity or ability
capacity
B1
/kəˈpæ.sɪ.ti/
a specified function
capsule
B1
/ˈkæps(ə)l/
a pill in the form of a small rounded gelatinous container with medicine inside
capture
B1
/ˈkɛp.(t)ʃɘː/
to succeed in representing or expressing something intangible
career
B1
/kəˈɹɪɹ/
the general progression of your working or professional life
careless
B1
/kɛɹ.ləs/
effortless and unstudied
carelessly
B1
/ˈkɛɹləsli/
without care or concern
carelessness
B1
/ˈkɛɹləsnəs/
Lack of care; the state or quality of being careless.
carpet
B1
/ˈkɑɹ.pət/
a natural object that resembles or suggests a carpet
carriage
B1
/ˈkæɹ.ɪd͡ʒ/
The act of conveying; carrying.
carton
B1
/ˈkɑɹtn̩/
a box made of cardboard
cashpoint
B1
An automated teller machine.
casual
B1
/ˈkæʒ(u)əl/
marked by blithe unconcern
categorize
B1
/ˈkætəɡəˌɹaɪz/
to place into or assign to a category
category
B1
/ˈkæ.tɪˌɡɔ.ɹi/
A group, often named or numbered, to which items are assigned based on similarity or defined criteria.
cattle
B1
/ˈkætəl/
domesticated bovine animals as a group regardless of sex or age
caution
B1
/ˈkɔʃ(ə)n/
judiciousness in avoiding harm or danger
cautious
B1
/ˈkɔːʃəs/
showing careful forethought
cave
B1
/keɪv/
to hollow out as if making a cave or opening
CD-ROM
B1
/siː.diːˈɹɒm/
compact disk - read only memory: an optical disc containing data that can be read (but not changed) by a computer
celebrity
B1
/səˈlɛb.ɹɪ.ɾi/
a widely known person
cell
B1
/sɛl/
the basic structural and functional unit of all organisms
central
B1
/ˈsɛntɹ(ə)l/
Being in the centre.
central heating
B1
ceremony
B1
/ˈsɛɹ.əˌmoʊ.ni/
any activity that is performed in an especially solemn elaborate or formal way
certainty
B1
/ˈsɝtn̩ti/
something that is certain
challenging
B1
/ˈt͡ʃæl.ɪn.d͡ʒɪŋ/
stimulating interest or thought
champion
B1
/ˈt͡ʃæmpjən/
holding first place in a contest
channel
B1
/ˈt͡ʃænəl/
a way of selling a company's product either directly or via distributors
chaos
B1
/ˈkeɪ.ɑs/
Any state of disorder; a confused or amorphous mixture or conglomeration.
characteristic
B1
/ˌkæɹ(ə)ktəˈɹɪstɪk/
typical or distinctive
characterize
B1
/ˈkɛɹəktəɹaɪz/
to describe or portray the character or the qualities or peculiarities of
charge
B1
/t͡ʃɑɹd͡ʒ/
an impetuous rush toward someone or something
chariot
B1
/ˈt͡ʃæɹiət/
A two-wheeled horse-drawn cart, used in Bronze Age and Early Iron Age warfare.
charity
B1
/ˈt͡ʃɛɹəti/
An organization, the objective of which is to carry out a charitable purpose.
charm
B1
/t͡ʃɑɹm/
something believed to bring good luck
chase
B1
/t͡ʃeɪs/
to cut a groove into
chat show
B1
check-in counter
B1
The act of checking in at a hotel, airport, etc.
check-in desk
B1
checkout
B1
/ˈt͡ʃɛkˌaʊt/
the latest time for vacating a hotel room
cheerful
B1
/ˈt͡ʃɪɹfl̩/
Noticeably happy and optimistic.
chemist
B1
/ˈkɛmɪst/
A person who specializes in the science of chemistry, especially at a professional level.
chemistry
B1
/ˈkɛm.ɪ.stɹi/
the way two individuals relate to each other
cherish
B1
/ˈtʃɛrɪʃ/
To treat with affection, care, and tenderness; to nurture or protect with care.
chest of drawers
B1
chewing gum
B1
chief
B1
/t͡ʃiːf/
The leader or head of a tribe, organisation, business unit, or other group.
choir
B1
/kwaɪɚ/
A group of people who sing together; a company of people who are trained to sing together.
choke
B1
/t͡ʃoʊk/
to breathe with great difficulty, as when experiencing a strong emotion
Christian
B1
/ˈkɹɪʃt͡ʃən/
relating to or characteristic of Christianity
chronological
B1
/ˌkɹɑnəˈlɑd͡ʒɪkəl/
relating to or arranged according to temporal order
chuckle
B1
/ˈt͡ʃʌkəl/
To communicate through chuckling.
circular
B1
/ˈsɝ.kjə.lɚ/
an advertisement, usually printed on a page or in a leaflet, intended for wide distribution
circus
B1
/ˈsɝkəs/
a performance given by a traveling company of acrobats, clowns, and trained animals
citizenship
B1
/ˈsɪtɪzənˌʃɪp/
conduct as a citizen
civil
B1
/ˈsɪvəl/
of or in a condition of social order
civilization
B1
/ˌsɪv.ə.laɪˈzeɪ.ʃən/
a society in an advanced state of social development (e.g., with complex legal and political and religious organizations)
classical
B1
/ˈklɛs.ɪ.kəl/
of or pertaining to or characteristic of the ancient Greek and Roman cultures
classify
B1
/ˈklæs.əˌfaɪ/
to arrange or order by classes or categories
cliff
B1
/klɪf/
a steep high face of rock
climate
B1
/ˈklaɪ.mɪt/
the weather in some location averaged over some long period of time
climber
B1
/ˈklaɪmɚ/
Someone or something that climbs (such as a mountain climber).
clinic
B1
/ˈklɪn.ɪk/
A meeting for the diagnosis of problems, or training, on a particular subject.
clip
B1
/klɪp/
a sharp slanting blow
closely
B1
/ˈkləʊsliː/
in a close relation or position in time or space
coal
B1
/kɒl/
to take in coal
coastal
B1
/ˈkoʊstəl/
located on or near or bordering on a coast
cod
B1
/kɑd/
to fool or hoax
coffin
B1
/ˈkɔfɪn/
to place into a coffin
collapse
B1
/kɵˈlæps/
a natural event caused by something suddenly falling down or caving in
collar
B1
/ˈkɑ.ləɹ/
the act of apprehending (especially apprehending a criminal)
columnist
B1
/ˈkɑ.ləm.nɪst/
A regular writer of a column, such as in a magazine or newspaper.
combination
B1
/ˌkɑmbɪˈneɪʃən/
a group of people (often temporary) having a common purpose
combine
B1
/kəmˈbaɪn/
to put or add together
comedian
B1
/kəˈmiː.di.ən/
An entertainer who performs in a humorous manner, especially by telling jokes.
comedy
B1
/ˈkɑmədi/
a light, amusing play with a happy ending
comet
B1
/ˈkɒmɪt/
A small Solar System body consisting mainly of volatile ice, dust and particles of rock whose very eccentric solar orbit periodically brings it close enough to the Sun that the ice vaporises to form an atmosphere, or coma, which may be blown by the solar wind to produce a visible tail.
comfort
B1
/ˈkʊm.fət/
assistance, such as that provided to an enemy or to a known criminal
comma
B1
/[ˈkɑ.mə ~ ˈkɑ.mʌ]/
The punctuation mark ⟨,⟩ used to indicate a set of parts of a sentence or between elements of a list.
command
B1
/kəˈmænd/
availability for use
comment
B1
/ˈkɒm.ɛnt/
a written explanation or criticism or illustration that is added to a book or other textual material
commercial
B1
/kəˈmɝ.ʃəl/
connected with or engaged in or sponsored by or used in commerce or commercial enterprises
commit
B1
/kəˈmɪt/
to give entirely to a specific person, activity, or cause
common sense
B1
commonly
B1
/ˈkɑmənli/
As a rule; frequently; usually.
companion
B1
/kəmˈpæn.jən/
a friend who is frequently in the company of another
comparison
B1
/kəmˈpɛɹ.ɪ.sən/
the act of examining resemblances
compete
B1
/kəmˈpiːt/
To be in battle or in a rivalry with another for the same thing, position, or reward; to contend.
competitive
B1
/kəmˈpɛtɪtɪv/
showing a fighting disposition
competitor
B1
/kəmˈpɛt.ɪ.tɚ/
A person or organization against whom one is competing.
complement
B1
/ˈkɑmpləmənt/
something added to complete or embellish or make perfect
completely
B1
/kəmˈpliːtli/
In a complete manner; thoroughly.
complex
B1
/kɑmˈplɛks/
a conceptual whole made up of complicated and related parts
complicate
B1
/ˈkɑmplɪkeɪt/
to make more complicated
complicated
B1
/ˈkɑm.plɪˌkeɪ.tɪd/
difficult to analyze or understand
compliment
B1
/ˈkɑmpləmənt/
to say something to someone that expresses praise
compose
B1
/kəmˈpoʊz/
to make up plans or basic details for
composition
B1
/ˌkɑːmpəˈzɪʃən/
something that is created by arranging several things to form a unified whole
compound
B1
/ˈkɑmˈpaʊnd/
composed of more than one part
compromise
B1
/ˈkɑmpɹəˌmaɪz/
an accommodation in which both sides make concessions
concentration
B1
/ˌkɑn.sənˈtɹeɪ.ʃən/
The act, process or ability of concentrating; the process of becoming concentrated, or the state of being concentrated.
concept
B1
/ˈkɑn.sɛpt/
Understanding retained in the mind, from experience, reasoning and imagination; a generalization (generic, basic form), or abstraction (mental impression), of a particular set of instances or occurrences (specific, though different, recorded manifestations of the concept).
concerned
B1
/kənˈsɝnd/
feeling or showing worry or solicitude
conclude
B1
/kənˈkluːd/
to bring to a close
conclusion
B1
/kənˈkluːʒən/
an intuitive assumption
conduct
B1
/ˈkɑndʌkt/
to lead, as in the performance of a composition
confidence
B1
/ˈkɑn.fɪ.dəns/
a secret that is confided or entrusted to another
confirm
B1
/kənˈfɝm/
to establish or strengthen as with new evidence or facts
confirmation
B1
/ˌkɑn.fəɹˈmeɪ.ʃən/
additional proof that something that was believed (some fact or hypothesis or theory) is correct
conflict
B1
/ˈkɑn.flɪkt/
an open clash between two opposing groups (or individuals)
confusing
B1
/kənˈfjuːzɪŋ/
causing confusion or disorientation
confusion
B1
/kənˈfjuːʒən/
a mistake that results from taking one thing to be another
congratulate
B1
/kənˈɡɹæt͡ʃ.ʊˌleɪt/
to express congratulations
connect
B1
/kəˈnɛkt/
to make a logical or causal connection
connection
B1
/kəˈnɛkʃ(ə)n/
shifting from one form of transportation to another
conquer
B1
/ˈkɑŋkɚ/
to put down by force or authority
conscious
B1
/ˈkɑn.ʃəs/
intentionally conceived
consequently
B1
/ˈkɑːnsɪˌkwɛntli/
because of the reason given
conservation
B1
/ˌkɑnsə(ɹ)ˈveɪʃən/
Wise use of natural resources.
conservative
B1
/kənˈsɝvətɪv/
avoiding excess
considerable
B1
/kənˈsɪdəɹəbl̩/
large or relatively large in number or amount or extent or degree
consideration
B1
/kənˌsɪd.əˈɹeɪ.ʃən/
kind and considerate regard for others
consonant
B1
/ˈkɑn.sə.nənt/
A letter representing the sound of a consonant.
constantly
B1
/ˈkɑnstənʔli/
without interruption
constitute
B1
/ˈkɑnstɪt(j)uːt/
to compose or represent
constitution
B1
/ˌkɑn.stɪˈtu.ʃ(ə)n/
the act of forming or establishing something
construct
B1
/ˈkɑn.stɹʌkt/
to reassemble mentally
construction
B1
/kənˈstɹʌkʃən/
drawing a figure satisfying certain conditions as part of solving a problem or proving a theorem
consume
B1
/kənˈsum/
to engage fully
consumer
B1
/kənˈsumɚ/
One who, or that which, consumes.
consumption
B1
/kənˈsʌmp.ʃən/
(economics) the utilization of economic goods to satisfy needs or in manufacturing
contain
B1
/kənˈteɪn/
to hold back, as of a danger or an enemy
content
B1
/kənˈtɛnt/
satisfied or showing satisfaction with things as they are
continual
B1
/kənˈtɪnjuəl/
Recurring in steady, rapid succession.
continually
B1
/kənˈtɪnjuəli/
seemingly without interruption
continuous
B1
/kənˈtɪn.juː.əs/
continuing in time or space without interruption
continuously
B1
/kənˈtɪnjuəsli/
at every point
contrary
B1
/ˈkɑntɹɛɹi/
resistant to guidance or discipline
contribute
B1
/kənˈtɹɪb.jut/
To give something that is or becomes part of a larger whole.
contribution
B1
/ˌkɑntɹɪˈbjuʃən/
the part played by a person in bringing about a result
controversial
B1
/ˌkɑn.tɹəˈvɝ.ʃəl/
marked by or capable of arousing controversy
convey
B1
/kənˈveɪ/
to serve as a means for expressing something
convince
B1
/kənˈvɪns/
to make someone agree, understand, or realize the truth or validity of something
copyright
B1
/ˈkɑpiˌɹaɪt/
to secure a copyright on a written work
correction
B1
/kəˈɹɛkʃən/
treatment of a specific defect
cotton
B1
/ˈkɑt.n̩/
to take a liking to
cough
B1
/kɔf/
to exhale abruptly, as when one has a chest cold or congestion
council
B1
/ˈkaʊn.səl/
a meeting of people for consultation
counseling
B1
/ˈkaʊnsəlɪŋ/
something that provides direction or advice as to a decision or course of action
counter
B1
/ˈkaʊn.tɚ/
in the opposite direction
countless
B1
/ˈkaʊntləs/
A huge and uncountable number of; too many to count; innumerable.
county
B1
/ˈkuːntɪ/
(United Kingdom) a region created by territorial division for the purpose of local government
courage
B1
/ˈkʌ.ɹɪd͡ʒ/
The quality of being confident, not afraid or easily intimidated, but without being incautious or inconsiderate.
courageous
B1
/kəˈɹeɪd͡ʒəs/
Of a person, displaying or possessing courage.
courgette
B1
/kʊɚˈʒɛt/
small cucumber-shaped vegetable marrow
craft
B1
/ˈkɹäːft/
people who perform a particular kind of skilled work
crash
B1
/kɹæʃ/
the act of colliding with something
creator
B1
/kɹiːˈæ̝ɪ̯təː/
Something or someone which creates or makes something.
criminal
B1
/ˈkɹɪm.ə.nəl/
guilty of crime or serious offense
crisis
B1
/ˈkɹɑesɪs/
a crucial stage or turning point in the course of something
critic
B1
/ˈkrɪtɪk/
A person who appraises the works of others.
critical
B1
/ˈkɹɪt.ɪ.kəl/
marked by a tendency to find and call attention to errors and flaws
crop
B1
/kɹɑp/
the output of something in a season
crossing
B1
/ˈkɹɔsɪŋ/
a voyage across a body of water, traditionally across the Atlantic Ocean
crossroads
B1
/ˈkrɔsˌroʊdz/
a point where a choice must be made
crow
B1
/kɹoʊ/
the cry of a cock, or an imitation of it
cruel
B1
/ˈkɹuːəl/
Intentionally causing or reveling in pain and suffering; merciless, heartless.
crush
B1
/kɹʌʃ/
to break into small pieces
cucumber
B1
/ˈkjuˌkʌmbɚ/
A vine in the gourd family, Cucumis sativus.
cultivate
B1
/ˈkʌltɪveɪt/
To grow plants, notably crops.
cultural
B1
/ˈkʌlt͡ʃ(ə)ɹəl/
of or relating to the arts and manners that a group favors
cure
B1
/kjɔː(r)/
to provide a remedy for or make healthy again
curiosity
B1
/ˌkjʊɹ.iˈɑ.sə.ti/
Inquisitiveness; the tendency to ask and learn about things by asking questions, investigating, or exploring.
curious
B1
/ˈkjʊɹ.i.əs/
eager to investigate and learn or learn more (sometimes about others' concerns)
curiously
B1
/ˈkjʊɹ.i.əs.li/
in a manner differing from the usual or expected
curly
B1
/ˈkɝli/
hair having curls or waves
currency
B1
/ˈkʌɹ.ən.si/
general acceptance or use
current
B1
/kəˈrɛɳʈ/
occurring in or belonging to the present time
currently
B1
/ˈkʌɹ ənt.li/
At this moment, at present, now.
curriculum
B1
/kəˈɹɪk.jə.ləm/
The set of courses, coursework, and content offered at a school or university.
curtain
B1
/ˈkɜɹt(ə)n/
any barrier to communication or vision
curve
B1
/kɚv/
to bend or cause to bend
cushion
B1
/ˈkʉʃən/
to protect from impact
customs
B1
/ˈkʌs.təmz/
The duties or taxes imposed on imported or exported goods.
CV
B1
Initialism of cardiovascular.
cycle
B1
/ˈsaɪ.kəl/
a periodically repeated sequence of events
daisy
B1
/ˈdeɪzi/
Something splendid; a doozy.
damage
B1
/ˈdæmɪd͡ʒ/
inflict damage upon
damaged
B1
/ˈdæmɪd͡ʒd/
harmed or injured or spoiled
damp
B1
/dæmp/
slightly wet
dangerously
B1
/ˈdeɪndʒɝəsli/
in a dangerous manner
dare
B1
/dɛ(ə)ɹ/
a challenge to do something dangerous or foolhardy
darkness
B1
/ˈdɑɹknɪs/
an unilluminated area
dating
B1
/ˈdeɪtɪŋ/
A form of romantic courtship typically between two individuals with the aim of assessing the other's suitability as a partner in an intimate relationship or as a spouse.
daze
B1
/deɪz/
the feeling of distress and disbelief that you have when something bad happens accidentally
dazzle
B1
/ˈdæzəl/
amaze or bewilder, as with brilliant wit or intellect or skill
deadline
B1
/ˈdɛdˌlaɪn/
A time limit in the form of a date on or before which something must be completed.
deadly
B1
/ˈdɛdli/
of an instrument of certain death
deaf
B1
/dɛf/
people who have severe hearing impairments
dealer
B1
/ˈdiːlɝ/
a seller of illicit goods
debris
B1
/dəˈbɹiː/
Rubble, wreckage, scattered remains of something destroyed.
debt
B1
/dɛt/
the state of owing something, especially money
decision
B1
/dɪˈsɪʒn̩/
the act of making up your mind about something
declaration
B1
/ˌdek.ləˈɹæɪ.ʃən/
unsworn statement that can be admitted in evidence in a legal transaction
declare
B1
/dɪˈklɛɚ/
state firmly
decline
B1
/dɪˈklaɪn/
show unwillingness towards
decrease
B1
/dɪˈkɹiːs/
a change downward
dedicate
B1
/ˈdɛdəˌkeɪt/
inscribe or address by way of compliment
deed
B1
/diːd/
a legal document signed, sealed and delivered to effect a transfer of property and to show the legal right to possess it
defeat
B1
/dɪˈfiːt/
an unsuccessful ending to a struggle or contest
defend
B1
/dɪˈfɛnd/
be the defense counsel for someone in a trial
defender
B1
/dɪˈfɛndɝ/
A lawyer who represents defendants, especially a public defender; a defense attorney (US) or defence counsel (UK).
defense
B1
/ˈdiːˌfɛns/
An argument in support or justification of something.
deficiency
B1
/dɪˈfɪʃənsi/
Inadequacy or incompleteness.
define
B1
/dɪˈfaɪn/
determine the nature of
definite
B1
/ˈdɛfɪnɪt/
known for certain
definite article
B1
definitely
B1
/ˈdɛfənətli/
Without question and beyond doubt.
definition
B1
/ˌdɛf.ɪˈnɪʃ.ən/
clarity of outline
delete
B1
/dɪˈliːt/
remove or make invisible
delicate
B1
/ˈdɛl.ɪ.kɪt/
easily broken or damaged or destroyed
delight
B1
/dəˈlaɪt/
a feeling of extreme pleasure or satisfaction
delighted
B1
/dɪˈlaɪtəd/
Greatly pleased.
delightful
B1
/dəˈlaɪt.fl̩/
greatly pleasing or entertaining
deliver
B1
/dɪˈlɪv.ɚ/
utter an exclamation or noise of some sort
delivery
B1
/dɪˈlɪv.(ə.)ɹi/
the act of delivering or distributing something like goods or mail
demand
B1
/dɪˈmænd/
the act of demanding
democracy
B1
/dɪˈmɑ.kɹə.si/
Rule by the people, especially as a form of government; either directly or through elected representatives (representative democracy).
democratic
B1
/ˌdɛm.əˈkɹæt.ɪk/
representing or appealing to or adapted for the benefit of the people at large
demonstrate
B1
/ɖᵻˈmɔns.ʈreʈ/
establish the validity of something, as by an example, explanation or experiment
demonstration
B1
/ɖe.mɔːns.ʈreː.ʃən/
a show of military force or preparedness
deny
B1
/dəˈnaɪ/
To disallow or reject.
depart
B1
/dɪˈpɑɹt/
To leave.
department
B1
/dɪˈpɑɹtmənt/
a specialized sphere of knowledge
departure
B1
/dɪˈpɑːrtʃɝ/
The act of departing or something that has departed.
dependent
B1
/dɪˈpɛndənt/
relying on or requiring a person or thing for support, supply, or what is needed
deposit
B1
/dɪˈpɑ.zɪt/
money given as security for an article acquired for temporary use
depressed
B1
/dɪˈprɛst/
filled with melancholy and despondency
depressing
B1
/dɪˈpɹɛsɪŋ/
causing sad feelings of gloom and inadequacy
depression
B1
/dəˈpɹɛʃn̩/
pushing down
deprive
B1
/dɪˈpɹaɪv/
Used with “of”, to take something away from (someone) and keep it away; to deny someone something.
depth
B1
/dɛpθ/
the attribute or quality of being deep, strong, or intense
derive
B1
/dɪˈɹaɪv/
come from
deserve
B1
/dɪˈzɝv/
be worthy or deserving
designer
B1
/dɪˈzaɪnɚ/
a person who devises plots or intrigues
desire
B1
/dɪˈzaɪɹ/
an inclination to want things
despair
B1
/dɪˈspɛɚ/
the feeling that everything is wrong and nothing will turn out well
desperate
B1
/ˈdɛs.p(ə.)ɹət/
(of persons) dangerously reckless or violent as from urgency or despair
despite
B1
/dɪˈspaɪt/
contemptuous disregard
destination
B1
/ˌdɛstəˈneɪʃən/
The place set for the end of a journey, or to which something is sent; place or point aimed at.
destruction
B1
/dɪsˈtɹʌkʃən/
The act of destroying.
destructive
B1
/dɪˈstɹʊktɪv/
causing destruction or much damage
detective
B1
/dɪˈtɛktɪv/
A police officer tasked with collecting evidence and information in order to solve a crime; an investigator.
determination
B1
/dɪˌtɝːməˈneɪʃən/
the act of determining the properties of something, usually by research or calculation
determine
B1
/dɪˈtɝmɪn/
To set the boundaries or limits of.
devastate
B1
/ˈdev.ə.stæɪt/
overwhelm or overpower
devastating
B1
/ˈdɛvəˌsteɪtɪŋ/
Causing devastation.
development
B1
/ˈɖɛʋᵊ.ləp.mᵻnʈ/
act of improving by expanding or enlarging or refining
device
B1
/dɪˈvaɪs/
any clever maneuver
devotion
B1
/dɪˈvoʊʃən/
religious observance or prayers
diagram
B1
/ˈdaɪəˌgræm/
A plan, drawing, sketch or outline to show the function or operation of something, or to show the relationships between the parts of a whole.
dial
B1
/ˈdaɪəl/
choose by means of a dial
dialog
B1
/ˈdaɪəlɑɡ/
Uncommon spelling of dialogue.
diameter
B1
/daɪˈæmɪdɚ/
The length of such a line.
diaper
B1
/ˈdaɪ(ə)pɚ/
An absorbent garment worn around the crotch that retains the wearer's urine and feces, often worn by a baby or young child who is not yet toilet trained, or by an adult who is incontinent or wets the bed, or under extreme working conditions without access to a toilet; a nappy.
differ
B1
/ˈdɪfɚ/
be of different opinions
digital
B1
/ˈdɪd͡ʒɪtl̩/
of a circuit or device that represents magnitudes in digits
diligence
B1
/ˈdɪlɪdʒəns/
persevering determination to perform a task
diligent
B1
/ˈdɪlɪdʒənt/
characterized by care and perseverance in carrying out tasks
dioxide
B1
/daɪˈɑksaɪd/
Any oxide containing two oxygen atoms in each molecule.
directly
B1
/dɪˈɹek(t).li/
without deviation
dirt
B1
/dɝt/
Previously unknown facts or rumors about a person.
disability
B1
/dɪsəˈbɪlɪti/
the condition of being unable to perform as a consequence of physical or mental unfitness
disable
B1
/dɪsˈeɪbəl/
injure permanently
disabled
B1
/dɪˈseɪbəld/
people collectively who are crippled or otherwise physically handicapped
disagreement
B1
/ˌdɪsəˈɡɹimənt/
An argument or debate.
disappoint
B1
/ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪnt/
To sadden or displease (someone) by underperforming, or by not delivering something promised or hoped for.
disappointment
B1
/ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪntmənt/
a feeling of dissatisfaction that results when your expectations are not realized
disaster
B1
/dɪˈzas.təː/
An unexpected natural or man-made catastrophe of substantial extent causing significant physical damage or destruction, loss of life or sometimes permanent change to the natural environment.
disastrous
B1
/dɪˈzæs.tɹəs/
Of the nature of a disaster; calamitous.
disc jockey
B1
discomfort
B1
/dɪsˈkʌmfɚt/
Mental or bodily distress.
discount
B1
/dɪˈskaʊnt/
give a reduction in price on
discourage
B1
/dɪsˈkɝɪd͡ʒ/
To extinguish the courage of; to dishearten; to depress the spirits of; to deprive of confidence; to deject.
discovery
B1
/dɪsˈkʌv(.ə).ɹi/
in law, compulsory pretrial disclosure of documents relevant to a case
discrimination
B1
/dɪˌskɹɪm.əˈneɪʃən/
Discernment, the act of discriminating, discerning, distinguishing, noting or perceiving differences between things, with the intent to understand rightly and make correct decisions.
disease
B1
/dɪˈziz/
An abnormal condition of a human, animal or plant that causes discomfort or dysfunction; distinct from injury insofar as the latter is usually instantaneously acquired.
disgusting
B1
/dɪsˈɡʊstɪŋ/
Causing disgust; repulsive; distasteful.
dishwasher
B1
/ˈdɪʃˌwɑʃɚ/
A machine for washing dishes.
disk
B1
/dɪsk/
something with a round shape resembling a flat circular plate
dissolve
B1
/dɪˈzɑlv/
declare void
distance
B1
/ˈdɪstəns/
size of the gap between two places
distant
B1
/ˈdɪstənt/
located far away spatially
distinction
B1
/dɪˈstɪŋkʃən/
a distinguishing difference
distinctly
B1
/dɪˈstɪŋktli/
to a distinct degree
distinguish
B1
/dɪˈstɪŋ.ɡwɪʃ/
mark as different
distribute
B1
/dɪˈstɹɪbjut/
make available
distribution
B1
/ˌdɪstɹəˈbjuːʃən/
the spatial or geographic property of being scattered about over a range, area, or volume
district
B1
/ˈdɪstɹɪkt/
An administrative division of an area.
disturbance
B1
/dɪˈstɜɹ.bəns/
a disorderly outburst or tumult
dive
B1
/daɪv/
plunge into water
diver
B1
/ˈdaɪ̯və(ɹ)/
Someone who dives, especially as a sport.
diverse
B1
/daɪˈvɝs/
distinctly dissimilar or unlike
divine
B1
/dɪˈvaɪn/
being of such surpassing excellence as to suggest inspiration by the gods
diving
B1
/ˈdaɪ.vɪŋ/
a headlong plunge into water
divorced
B1
/dɪˈvɔː(ɹ)st/
Cut off, or separated.
DJ
B1
/ˈdi(ː)(.)d͡ʒeɪ/
Initialism of disc jockey.
doc
B1
/dɑk/
a licensed medical practitioner
document
B1
/ˈdɑkjʊmənt/
a computer file that contains text using seven-bit ASCII characters
documentary
B1
/ˌdɑ.kjəˈmɛn.tə.ɹi/
Presented objectively without the insertion of fictional matter.
dolphin
B1
/ˈdɑlf.ɪn/
A permanent fender designed to protect a heavy boat, bridge, or coastal structure from the impact of large floating objects such as ice, floating logs, or vessels.
dot
B1
/dɑt/
mark with a dot
downward
B1
/ˈdaʊnwɚd/
Toward a lower level, whether in physical space, in a hierarchy, or in amount or value.
doze
B1
/doʊz/
To sleep lightly or briefly; to nap, snooze.
dozen
B1
/ˈdʌzən/
denoting a quantity consisting of 12 items or units
drag
B1
/ˈdɹæɡ/
the act of dragging (pulling with force)
dramatic
B1
/dɹəˈmætɪk/
suitable to or characteristic of drama
drown
B1
/dɹaʊn/
die from being submerged in water, getting water into the lungs, and asphyxiating
drunk
B1
/dɹʌŋk/
Intoxicated as a result of excessive alcohol consumption, usually by drinking alcoholic beverages.
dude
B1
/duːd/
A man, generally a younger man.
dull
B1
/dʊl/
(of business) not active or brisk
dump
B1
/dʌmp/
a place where supplies can be stored
dustbin
B1
/ˈdʌstbɪn/
A bin for holding rubbish until it can be collected; a garbage can.
dusty
B1
/ˈdʌsti/
covered with a layer of dust
duty
B1
/ˈdjuː.ti/
the social force that binds you to the courses of action demanded by that force
duty-free
B1
exempt from duty
duvet
B1
/d(j)uːˈveɪ/
A quilt or usually flat cloth bag with a filling (traditionally down) and usually an additional washable cover, used instead of blankets; often called a comforter or quilt, especially in US English.
dynasty
B1
/ˈdaɪnəsti/
A series of rulers or dynasts from one family.
eager
B1
/iɡə/
having or showing keen interest or intense desire or impatient expectancy
eagerness
B1
/ˈiɡɚnəs/
The state or quality of being eager; ardent desire.
earache
B1
/ˈiɹeɪk/
Annoyance or aggravation caused by noise, especially the sound of someone nagging, complaining, issuing orders, etc.
earnest
B1
/ˈɝ.nɪst/
characterized by a firm and humorless belief in the validity of your opinions
eastern
B1
/ˈi.stɚn/
lying toward or situated in the east
easygoing
B1
/ˈiːziːˈgoʊɪŋ/
relaxed and informal in attitude or standards
eco
B1
/ˈikoʊ/
Clipping of ecological: environmentally friendly or sensitive.
ecological
B1
/ˌiːkəˈlɒd͡ʒɪkl̩/
of or relating to the science of ecology
ecology
B1
/ɪˈkɑ.lə.d͡ʒi/
the environment as it relates to living organisms
economic
B1
/ˌɛkəˈnɑmɪk/
using the minimum of time or resources necessary for effectiveness
economics
B1
/ˌɛkəˈnɑmɪks/
Now chiefly home economics: the art or science of household management, especially relating to the appropriate organization of resources; housekeeping.
economy
B1
/iˈkɑ.nə.mi/
frugality in the expenditure of money or resources
ecosystem
B1
/ˈikoʊˌsɪstəm/
A system formed by an ecological community and its environment that functions as a unit.
ecstasy
B1
/ˈek.stə.si/
Intense pleasure.
edge
B1
/ed͡ʒ/
a sharp side formed by the intersection of two surfaces of an object
edition
B1
/ˈɛɖ.ɪ.ʃən/
the form in which a text, especially a printed book, is published
educate
B1
/ˈɛd͡ʒ.ʊˌkeɪt/
give an education to
effective
B1
/ɪˈfɛktɪv/
able to accomplish a purpose
efficiency
B1
/ɪˈfɪʃ.ən.si/
skillfulness in avoiding wasted time and effort
efficient
B1
/ɪˈfɪʃənt/
being effective without wasting time or effort or expense
elbow
B1
/[ˈæ̝wbɐw]/
the part of a sleeve that covers the elbow joint
election
B1
/əˈlɛkʃ(ə)n/
a vote to select the winner of a position or political office
electrical
B1
/ɪˈlɛktɹɪkəl/
relating to or concerned with electricity
electricity
B1
/ɪˌlɛkˈtɹɪsɪti/
keen and shared excitement
electron
B1
/ɪˈlɛk.tɹɑn/
an elementary particle with negative charge
electronic
B1
/ɪˌlɛkˈtɹɑ.nɪk/
of or concerned with electrons
element
B1
/ˈɛləmənt/
the most favorable environment for a plant or animal
eliminate
B1
/ɪˈlɪm.ɪ.neɪt/
terminate, end, or take out
embarrass
B1
/ɪmˈbæɹəs/
to humiliate; to disrupt somebody's composure or comfort with acting publicly or freely; to abash.
embarrassed
B1
/ɪmˈbɛɹ.əst/
made to feel uncomfortable because of shame or wounded pride
embarrassment
B1
/ɪmˈbæɹ.əs.mənt/
extreme excess
emerge
B1
/ɪˈmɝd͡ʒ/
come out into view, as from concealment
emotion
B1
/ɪˈmoʊ.ʃən/
Movement; agitation.
emotional
B1
/ɪˈmoʊʃənəl/
excessively affected by emotion
emotionally
B1
/ɪˈmoʊʃənəli/
with regard to emotions
emperor
B1
/ˈemp(ə)ɹə/
The male monarch or ruler of an empire.
emphasis
B1
/ˈɛmfəsɪs/
the relative prominence of a syllable or musical note, especially with regard to stress or pitch
emphasize
B1
/ˈɛmfəˌsaɪz/
to stress, single out as important
empire
B1
/ˈɛmˌpaɪ̯ɹ/
a group of countries under a single authority
employment
B1
/ɪmˈplɔɪmənt/
the occupation for which you are paid
enable
B1
/ɛˈnebɪl/
render capable or able for some task
enclose
B1
/ənˈkloʊz/
surround completely
encounter
B1
/ɪnˈkaʊntɚ/
To meet (someone) or find (something), especially unexpectedly.
encouragement
B1
/[ɪnˈkʌɹɪd͡ʒmənt]/
Something that incites, supports, promotes, protects or advances; incentive
encouraging
B1
/ɪnˈkɝɹɪd͡ʒɪŋ/
giving courage or confidence or hope
encyclopedia
B1
/ənˌsəɪ.kləˈpi.di.ə/
A comprehensive reference work (often spanning several printed volumes) with articles (usually arranged in alphabetical order, or sometimes arranged by category) on a range of subjects, sometimes general, sometimes limited to a particular field.
endanger
B1
/ɛnˈdeɪnd͡ʒɚ/
To put (someone or something) in danger; to risk causing harm to.
endless
B1
/ˈɛndlɪs/
having the ends united so as to form a continuous whole
endure
B1
/ɪnˈd͡ʒʊə(ɹ)/
To continue or carry on, despite obstacles or hardships; to persist.
enemy
B1
/ˈɛn.ə.mi/
any hostile group of people
engage
B1
/ɪnˈɡeɪd͡ʒ/
get caught
engaged
B1
/ɪnˈɡeɪd͡ʒd/
built against or attached to a wall
engine
B1
/ˈɪnd͡ʒɪn/
an instrument or machine that is used in warfare, such as a battering ram, catapult, artillery piece, etc.
engineering
B1
/ˌɛn.d͡ʒɪˈnɪ(ə)ɹ.ɪŋ/
the discipline dealing with the art or science of applying scientific knowledge to practical problems
Englishman
B1
/ˈɪŋ.lɪʃ.mən/
A native or inhabitant of England; a man who is English by ancestry, birth, descent, or naturalisation.
enjoyable
B1
/ɛnˈd͡ʒɔɪ.ə.bl̩/
affording satisfaction or pleasure
enjoyment
B1
/ɪnˈd͡ʒɔɪ.mənt/
The condition of enjoying anything.
enrich
B1
/ɪnˈɹɪt͡ʃ/
make better or improve in quality
ensure
B1
/ɪnˈʃɔː(ɹ)/
make certain of
entertain
B1
/ˌɛntɚˈteɪn/
take into consideration, have in view
entertainer
B1
/ˌɛntɚˈteɪnɚ/
One who accommodates guests.
enthusiasm
B1
/ɪnˈθuziæzəm/
a lively interest
enthusiast
B1
/ənˈθuziˌɪst/
A person filled with or guided by enthusiasm.
enthusiastic
B1
/ɪnˌθuːziˈæstɪk/
having or showing great excitement and interest
entire
B1
/ɪnˈtaɪɚ/
(used of domestic animals) sexually competent
entirely
B1
/ɪnˈtaɪɹli/
without any others being included or involved
entry
B1
/ˈɛntɹi/
The act of entering.
environmental
B1
/ənˌvaɪ.ɚnˈmɛn.təl/
concerned with the ecological effects of altering the environment
environmentalist
B1
/ɪnˌvaɪrənˈmɛntəlɪst/
One who advocates for the protection of the environment and biosphere from misuse from human activity through such measures as ecosystem protection, waste reduction and pollution prevention.
equal
B1
/ˈiːkwəl/
having the requisite qualities or resources to meet a task
equality
B1
/ɪˈkwɑ.lɪ.ti/
The fact of being equal.
equally
B1
/ˈiːkwəli/
to the same degree (often followed by `as')
equipment
B1
/ɪˈkwɪp.mənt/
The act of equipping, or the state of being equipped, as for a voyage or expedition.
era
B1
/iə.ɹə/
a major division of geological time
essence
B1
/ˈɛsəns/
The inherent nature of a thing or idea.
essential
B1
/ɪˈsɛn.ʃəl/
basic and fundamental
establishment
B1
/ɪˈstæblɪʃmənt/
The act or process of establishing; a ratifying or ordaining; settlement; confirmation.
estimate
B1
/ˈɛs.tɪ.mət/
a judgment of the qualities of something or somebody
eternal
B1
/ɪˈtɝ.nl̩/
Lasting forever; unending.
eternity
B1
/ɪˈtɝnɪti/
Existence without end, infinite time.
evenly
B1
/ˈiːvənli/
So as to form a flat surface.
eventually
B1
/ɪˈvɛn.t͡ʃu.ə.li/
In the end; at some later time, especially after a long time, a series of problems, struggles, delays or setbacks.
evident
B1
/ˈɛv.ə.dənt/
Obviously true by simple observation.
exact
B1
/ɪɡˈzækt/
marked by strict and particular and complete accordance with fact
examination
B1
/ɪɡˌzæməˈneɪʃən/
The act of examining.
examine
B1
/ɪɡˈzæmɪn/
observe, check out, and look over carefully or inspect
examiner
B1
/əɡˈzæmɪnɚ/
an investigator who observes carefully
excellence
B1
/ˈɛksələns/
The quality of being excellent; brilliance
excess
B1
/ˈɛksɛs/
more than is needed, desired, or required
exchange rate
B1
excitedly
B1
/ɪkˈsaɪtədli/
In an excited manner.
excitement
B1
/ɪkˈsaɪtmənt/
something that agitates and arouses
exclusive
B1
/ɪksˈkluːsɪv/
not divided or shared with others
exhausted
B1
/ɪɡˈzɔstɪd/
depleted of energy, force, or strength
existence
B1
/ɛɡˈzɪs.təns/
The state of being, existing, or occurring; beinghood.
exit
B1
/ˈeɪɡzɪt/
An act of going out or going away, or leaving; a departure.
expand
B1
/ɪkˈspænd/
become larger in size or volume or quantity
expense
B1
/ɪkˈspɛns/
a detriment or sacrifice
experienced
B1
/ɪkˈspɪɹ.i.ənst/
having experience
experiment
B1
/ɪkˈspɛɹ.ə.mənt/
a venture at something new or different
exploration
B1
/ˌɛkspləˈɹeɪʃən/
a systematic consideration
explosion
B1
/ɛkˈsploʊ.ʒən/
the act of exploding or bursting
expose
B1
/ɪkˈspoʊz/
the exposure of an impostor or a fraud
extend
B1
/ɛkˈstɛnd/
prolong the time allowed for payment of
extensively
B1
/ɪkˈstɛn.sɪv.li/
in a widespread way
extent
B1
/ɪkˈstɛnt/
the distance or area or volume over which something extends
extinct
B1
/ɪkˈstɪŋkt/
(of e.g. volcanos) permanently inactive
extinction
B1
/ɪkˈstɪŋkʃən/
complete annihilation
extraordinary
B1
/ɪks.tɹɑːˈɔː.dɪn.nə.ɹiː/
far more than usual or expected
extreme
B1
/ɪkˈstɹim/
most distant in any direction
extreme sports
B1
eyesight
B1
/ˈaɪˌsaɪt/
Vision or the faculty of sight.
face to face
B1
face-to-face
B1
/ˈfeɪstuːˈfeɪs/
within each other's presence
facility
B1
/fəˈsɪlɪti/
a service that an organization or a piece of equipment offers you
fade
B1
/fæɪd/
Weak; insipid; tasteless.
failure
B1
/ˈfeɪ.ljəɹ/
an unexpected omission
faint
B1
/ˈfeɪnt/
lacking conviction or boldness or courage
faithful
B1
/ˈfeɪθ.fl̩/
steadfast in affection or allegiance
fake
B1
/feɪ̯k/
speak insincerely or without regard for facts or truths
fallen
B1
/ˈfaːlən/
killed in battle
fantasy
B1
/ˈfæntəsi/
imagination unrestricted by reality
faraway
B1
/ˈfɑɹəweɪ/
very far away in space or time
farewell
B1
/fɛɹˈwɛl/
the act of departing politely
farming
B1
/ˈfɑɹmɪŋ/
agriculture considered as an occupation or way of life
farmland
B1
/ˈfɑːɹmlænd/
Land that is suitable for farming and agricultural production.
farther
B1
/ˈfɑɹðɚ/
to or at a greater distance in time or space (`farther' is used more frequently than `further' in this physical sense)
farthest
B1
/ˈfɑɹðɪst/
to the greatest distance in space or time (`farthest' is used more often than `furthest' in this physical sense)
fascinate
B1
/ˈfæsɪneɪt/
to render motionless, as with a fixed stare or by arousing terror or awe
fashionable
B1
/ˈfæʃənəbl̩/
being or in accordance with current social fashions
fasten
B1
/ˈfæsn̩/
attach to
favorable
B1
/ˈfeɪ.vɚ.əbl/
presaging or likely to bring good luck
fax
B1
/fæks/
send something via a facsimile machine
feast
B1
/fiːst/
something experienced with great delight
fellow
B1
/ˈfɛloʊ/
an informal form of address for a man
ferry
B1
/ˈfeɹi/
To carry; transport; convey.
festive
B1
/ˈfɛstɪv/
offering fun and gaiety, often associated with a holiday
fetch
B1
/fɑt͡ʃ/
take away or remove
feverishly
B1
/ˈfi.vɚ.ɪʃ.li/
in a feverish manner
fifth
B1
/ˈfɪfθ/
position five in a countable series of things
filling
B1
/ˈfɪlɪŋ/
a dental appliance consisting of any of various substances, such as metal or plastic, inserted into a prepared cavity in a tooth
film-maker
B1
Alternative spelling of filmmaker.
filter
B1
/ˈfɪltɚ/
remove by passing through a filter
finance
B1
/ˈfaɪnæns/
obtain or provide money for
financial
B1
/faɪˈnænʃəl/
Related to finances.
finding
B1
/ˈfaɪndɪŋ/
something that is found
finger
B1
/ˈfɪŋɡɚ/
any of the terminal members of the hand, sometimes excepting the thumb
fire station
B1
firefighter
B1
/ˈfaɪ.ɚˌfaɪ.tɚ/
A person who has been trained to put out fires.
firework
B1
/ˈfaɪɚˌwɚk/
A device using gunpowder and other chemicals which, when lit, emits a combination of coloured flames, sparks, whistles or bangs, and sometimes made to rocket high into the sky before exploding, used for entertainment or celebration.
firm
B1
/fɜɹm/
with resolute determination
firmly
B1
/ˈfɝmli/
with resolute determination
first floor
B1
first lady
B1
first-floor
B1
fitness
B1
/ˈfɪt.nəs/
the quality of being suitable
flash
B1
/flæʃ/
tastelessly showy
flavor
B1
/ˈfleɪvɚ/
The quality produced by the sensation of taste or, especially, of taste and smell in combined effect.
flock
B1
/flɑk/
move as a crowd or in a group
flow
B1
/ˈfloʊ̯/
move or progress freely as if in a stream
flu
B1
/flʉː/
Influenza.
fluent
B1
/ˈfluənt/
expressing yourself readily, clearly, effectively
fluently
B1
/ˈfluːəntli/
in a fluent manner
flunk
B1
/flʌŋk/
Of a student, to fail a class; to not pass.
flute
B1
/flu(ː)t/
A woodwind instrument consisting of a tube with a row of holes that produce sound through vibrations caused by air blown across the edge of the holes, often tuned by plugging one or more holes with a finger; the Western concert flute, a transverse side-blown flute of European origin.
fold
B1
/ˈfɒld/
the act of folding
folk
B1
/foʊk/
people in general, often used in the plural
fond
B1
/fɑnd/
absurd or silly because unlikely
fondness
B1
/ˈfɑndnəs/
a predisposition to like something
foolish
B1
/ˈfuː.lɪʃ/
having or revealing stupidity
foot
B1
/fʊt/
travel by walking
forbidden
B1
/fɚˈbɪ.dn̩/
excluded from use or mention
forecast
B1
/ˈfɔɹkæst/
To estimate how something will be in the future.
forehead
B1
/ˈfɔɹˌhɛd/
The part of the face above the eyebrows and below the hairline.
forgive
B1
/fɚˈɡɪv/
absolve from payment
formal
B1
/ˈfɔɹməl/
being in accord with established forms and conventions and requirements (as e.g. of formal dress)
formally
B1
/ˈfɔɹ.mə.li/
in a formal manner
format
B1
/ˈfɔːɹ.mæt/
divide (a disk) into marked sectors so that it may store data
former
B1
/ˈfɔɹmɚ/
the first of two or the first mentioned of two
formula
B1
/ˈfɔɹ.mjə.lə/
Any mathematical rule expressed symbolically.
forth
B1
/fɔɹθ/
out into view
fortnight
B1
/ˈfɔɹt.naɪt/
a period of fourteen consecutive days
fortunate
B1
/ˈfɔɹ.t͡ʃə.nɪt/
presaging good fortune
foundation
B1
/ˌfæʊ̯nˈdeɪ̯ʃən/
education or instruction in the fundamentals of a field of knowledge
fountain
B1
/[ˈfaʊn.tn̩]/
A natural source of water; a spring.
fragment
B1
/ˈfɹæɡmənt/
an incomplete piece
freely
B1
/ˈfɹili/
in a free manner
freezer
B1
/ˈfɹizɚ/
An appliance or room used to store food or other perishable items at temperatures below 0° Celsius (32° Fahrenheit).
freezing
B1
/ˈfriːzɪŋ/
The freezing point of water, zero degrees celsius.
frequency
B1
/ˈfɹiːkwənsi/
the number of occurrences within a given time period
frequent
B1
/ˈfriːkwənt/
frequently encountered
frequently
B1
/ˈfriːkwəntli/
At frequent intervals.
freshman
B1
/ˈfɹɛʃ.mən/
used of a person in the first year of an experience (especially in United States high school or college)
friendliness
B1
/ˈfɹɛndlinəs/
The quality of being friendly.
fright
B1
/fɹʌit/
cause fear in
frost
B1
/fɹɔst/
damage by frost
frozen
B1
/ˈfɹoʊzn̩/
incapable of being changed or moved or undone
frustrated
B1
/ˈfɹʌs.tɹeɪ.tɪd/
Suffering from frustration; dissatisfied, agitated, discontent and/or slightly angry because one is unable to perform an action or fulfill a desire, or something happened or someone else did something in a way one did not hope for, expect, or desire.
frustration
B1
/fɹʌsˈtɹeɪ.ʃən/
a feeling of annoyance at being hindered or criticized
frying pan
B1
fuel
B1
/ˈfjuːəl/
a substance that can be consumed to produce energy
full stop
B1
full-time
B1
/ˌfʊl ˈtaɪm/
for the standard number of hours
fund
B1
/ˈfʌnd/
furnish money for
funeral
B1
/ˈfju.nəɹ.əl/
a ceremony at which a dead person is buried or cremated
fur
B1
/fɝ/
An animal pelt used to make, trim or line clothing.
furnish
B1
/ˈfɝnɪʃ/
provide or equip with furniture
furthermore
B1
/ˈfɝ.ðɚˌmoɹ/
In addition; besides; further; what's more (i.e. to denote additional information).
furthest
B1
/ˈfɜː(ɹ)ðɪst/
to the greatest degree or extent or most advanced stage; 'furthest' is used more often than 'farthest' in this abstract sense
fuss
B1
/fʊs/
care for like a mother
gain
B1
/ɡeɪn/
increase one's body weight
gall
B1
/ɡɔːl/
irritate or vex
gallon
B1
/ˈɡælən/
an imperial capacity measure equal to 4 quarts or 4.545 liters
gap
B1
/ɡɛp/
a conspicuous disparity or difference as between two figures
gardening
B1
/ˈɡɑɹ.dən.ɪŋ/
The process or action of cultivating the soil, particularly in a garden; the care of a garden; horticulture.
garment
B1
/ˈɡɑɹ.mənt/
an article of clothing
gay
B1
/ɡeɪ/
given to social pleasures often including dissipation
gee
B1
/d͡ʒiː/
turn to the right side
gene
B1
/d͡ʒiːn/
A theoretical unit of heredity of living organisms which may take several values and (in principle) predetermines a precise trait of an organism's form (phenotype), such as hair color.
general
B1
/ˈd͡ʒen.(ə.)ɹəl/
prevailing among and common to the general public
generally
B1
/ˈd͡ʒɛn.ɚ.li/
Popularly or widely.
generate
B1
/ˈd͡ʒɛn.ɚ.eɪt/
bring into existence
generous
B1
/ˈdʒɛnɝəs/
more than adequate
genetic
B1
/d͡ʒəˈnɛt.ɪk/
of or relating to the science of genetics
genetically
B1
/d͡ʒəˈneɾɪkli/
by genetic mechanisms
genetics
B1
/ˈdʒɛ.nə.ʈɪks/
The branch of biology that deals with the transmission and variation of inherited characteristics, in particular chromosomes and DNA.
gentleman
B1
/ˈd͡ʒɛn.təl.mən/
Any well-bred, well-mannered, or charming man.
geographical
B1
/d͡ʒiəˈɡɹæfɪkl̩/
Of or relating to geography.
geography
B1
/d͡ʒiˈɑɡɹəfi/
The study of the physical properties of the earth, including how humans affect and are affected by them.
geology
B1
/d͡ʒiˈɑ.lə.dʒi/
The geological structure of a region.
gesture
B1
/ˈd͡ʒɛs.t͡ʃɚ/
something done as an indication of intention
giant
B1
/ˈd͡ʒaɪ.ənt/
an unusually large enterprise
gifted
B1
/ˈɡɪftɪd/
endowed with talent or talents
giggle
B1
/ˈɡɪɡl̩/
laugh nervously
ginger
B1
/ˈd͡ʒɪnd͡ʒɚ/
having a bright orange-brown color, especially hair or fur
giraffe
B1
/dʒɪˈɹaf/
A ruminant, of the genus Giraffa, of the African savannah with long legs and highly elongated neck, making them the tallest living animal; yellow fur patterned with dark spots, often in the form of a network; and two or more short, skin-covered horns, so-called; strictly speaking the horn-like projections are ossicones.
glance
B1
/ɡlæns/
To turn (one's eyes or look) at something, often briefly.
glide
B1
/ˈɡlaɪd/
To move softly, smoothly, or effortlessly.
glimpse
B1
/ˈglɪmps/
a brief or incomplete view
glint
B1
/ɡlɪnt/
A short flash of light, usually when reflected off a shiny surface.
global
B1
/ˈɡlɐʉbəl/
Concerning all parts of the world.
glorious
B1
/ˈɡlɔɹ.i.əs/
having great beauty and splendor
glory
B1
/ˈɡloɹ.i/
brilliant radiant beauty
goalkeeper
B1
/ˈɡɔːl.kiːpɚ/
A designated player that attempts to prevent the opposing team from scoring by protecting a goal.
goddess
B1
/ˈɡɑdəs/
A female deity.
golfer
B1
/ˈɡɒlfə(ɹ)/
Someone who plays golf.
goodness
B1
/ˈɡʊdnəs/
The state or characteristic of being good.
goods
B1
/ˈgʊdz/
Ellipsis of goods train.
gorgeous
B1
/ˈɡɔɹ.d͡ʒəs/
dazzlingly beautiful
gorilla
B1
/ɡəˈɹɪl.ə/
An ape of the genus Gorilla; endemic to the forests of Central Africa and typified by superlative physical size and strength in relation to other primates.
gossip
B1
/ˈɡɑsəp/
a report (often malicious) about the behavior of other people
govern
B1
/ˈɡʌv.ɚn/
direct or strongly influence the behavior of
governor
B1
/ˈɡʌv(ə)nə(ɹ)/
The chief executive officer of a first-level administrative division of a country.
gown
B1
/ˈɡæʊ̯n/
the members of a university as distinguished from the other residents of the town in which the university is located
grab
B1
/ɡɹæb/
capture the attention or imagination of
graceful
B1
/ˈgreɪsfəl/
Having or showing grace in movement, shape, or proportion.
graduation
B1
/ˌɡɹæd͡ʒuˈeɪʃən/
a line (as on a vessel or ruler) that marks a measurement
grant
B1
/ɡɹænt/
be willing to concede
graph
B1
/ɡɹæf/
A data chart (graphical representation of data) intended to illustrate the relationship between a set (or sets) of numbers (quantities, measurements or indicative numbers) and a reference set, whose elements are indexed to those of the former set(s) and may or may not be numbers.
graphic
B1
/ˈɡɹæfɪk/
describing nudity or sexual activity in graphic detail
graphics
B1
/ˈɡɹæfɪks/
The art or visual representations displayed by a computer.
gratitude
B1
/ˈɡɹætɪtjud/
a feeling of thankfulness and appreciation
grave
B1
/ɡɹeɪv/
dignified and somber in manner or character and committed to keeping promises
gravy
B1
/ˈɡɹeɪvi/
A thick sauce made from the fat or juices that come out from meat or vegetables as they are being cooked.
greenhouse
B1
/ˈɡɹːnˌ(h)aʊs/
of or relating to or caused by the greenhouse effect
greeting
B1
/ˈɡɹiːtɪŋ/
A conventional phrase used to start a letter or conversation or otherwise to acknowledge a person's arrival or presence.
grill
B1
/ɡɹɪl/
a framework of metal bars used as a partition or a grate
groom
B1
/ɡɹum/
care for one's external appearance
ground floor
B1
grouping
B1
/ˈɡɹuːpɪŋ/
A collection of things or people united as a group.
growth
B1
/ɡɹoʊθ/
vegetation that has grown
guarantee
B1
/ˌɡæɹ.ənˈtiː/
an unconditional commitment that something will happen or that something is true
guidance
B1
/ˈɡaɪdəns/
Advice or counselling on some topic.
guide
B1
/ɡaɪd/
use as a guide
guilt
B1
/ˈgɪlt/
Regret for having done wrong.
guilty
B1
/ˈɡɪl.ti/
showing a sense of guilt
guitarist
B1
/ˌgɪˈtɑːrɪst/
a musician who plays the guitar
gym
B1
/d͡ʒɪm/
Clipping of gymnasium; especially, a school gymnasium.
gymnastics
B1
/dʒɪmˈnæstɪks/
A sport involving the performance of sequences of movements requiring physical strength, flexibility, and kinesthetic awareness.
habitat
B1
/ˈhæb.ɪ.tæt/
the type of environment in which an organism or group normally lives or occurs
hairdresser
B1
/ˈhɛrˌdrɛsɝ/
A person who cuts or styles hair as an occupation or profession.
hairdryer
B1
A small electrical appliance for drying hair, by generating a stream of hot air.
hammer
B1
/ˈhæm.ɚ/
the act of pounding, particularly delivering repeated heavy blows
handball
B1
/ˈhændˌbɔl/
The offence of a player other than the goalkeeper touching the ball with the hand or arm on the field during play.
hand-held
B1
/ˈhændˌhɛld/
small and light enough to be operated while you hold it in your hands
handkerchief
B1
/ˈhæŋkɚt͡ʃəf/
A piece of cloth, usually square and often fine and elegant, carried for wiping the face, eyes, nose or hands.
handshake
B1
/ˈhæn(d)ˌʃeɪk/
The grasping of hands by two people when greeting, leave-taking, or making an agreement.
handwriting
B1
/ˈhændɹaɪtɪŋ/
the activity of writing by hand
handy
B1
/ˈhæn.di/
easy to reach
hang
B1
/ˈhæŋ/
the way a garment hangs
hanging
B1
/ˈhæŋ.ɪŋ/
the act of suspending something (hanging it from above so it moves freely)
harbor
B1
/ˈhɑɹbɚ/
hold back a thought or feeling about
hardship
B1
/ˈhɑɹdˌʃɪp/
something that causes or entails suffering
hard-working
B1
/ˌhɑːrˈdwɝːkɪŋ/
Alternative form of hardworking.
harness
B1
/ˈhɑɹ.nəs/
exploit the power of
hasty
B1
/ˈheɪsti/
excessively quick
hatch
B1
/hæt͡ʃ/
sit on eggs
hatred
B1
/hetɹɪd/
A strong aversion; an intense dislike.
haunt
B1
/hɔnt/
be a regular or frequent visitor to a certain place
haven
B1
/ˈheɪvən/
A harbour or anchorage protected from the sea.
hazard
B1
/ˈhæzɚd/
The chance of suffering harm; danger, peril, risk of loss.
headline
B1
/ˈhɛdˌlaɪn/
The heading or title of a magazine or newspaper article.
heal
B1
/hil/
get healthy again
healing
B1
/ˈhiːlɪŋ/
tending to cure or restore to health
hearing
B1
/ˈhɪɹ.ɪŋ/
a proceeding, usually by a court, where evidence is taken for the purpose of determining an issue of fact and reaching a decision based on that evidence
heart attack
B1
hearted
B1
/ˈhɑɹtɪd/
Having a specified kind or number of heart.
hearty
B1
/ˈhɑɹti/
without reservation
heater
B1
/ˈhitɚ/
A device that produces and radiates heat, typically to raise the temperature of a room or building.
heaven
B1
/ˈhɛvən/
in religions, often a place where gods, angels, and other beings live
heavenly
B1
/ˈhɛvənli/
Of or pertaining to Heaven, the eternal celestial abode of God or the gods.
heel
B1
/hil/
tilt to one side
height
B1
/haɪt/
The distance from the base to the top of something.
helmet
B1
/ˈhɛlmɪt/
A hard, protective head covering, typically part of armour.
helpless
B1
/ˈhɛlplɪs/
unable to manage independently
herd
B1
/hɝd/
keep, move, or drive animals
hesitate
B1
/ˈhɛz.ə.teɪt/
pause or hold back in uncertainty or unwillingness
hidden
B1
/ˈhɪd(ə)n/
difficult to find
highlight
B1
/ˈhaɪˌlaɪt/
the most interesting or memorable part
highly
B1
/ˈhaɪli/
in a high position or level or rank
hip
B1
/hɪp/
In a bridge truss, the place where an inclined end post meets the top chord.
hire
B1
/haɪɹ/
the act of engaging something or someone for a service
historian
B1
/hɪˈstɔɹi.ən/
One who studies or researches history.
historic
B1
/hɪˈstɔɹɪk/
important in history
historical
B1
/hɪˈstɔɹɪkəl/
having once lived or existed or taken place in the real world as distinct from being legendary
HIV
B1
/ˌeɪtʃˌaɪˈviː/
Initialism of human immunodeficiency virus.
holy
B1
/ˈhoʊli/
Dedicated to a religious purpose or a god.
homeless
B1
/ˈhoʊmlɪs/
poor people who unfortunately do not have a home to live in
honest
B1
/ˈɑ.nɪst/
gained or earned without cheating or stealing
honestly
B1
/ˈɑ.nɪst.li/
in an honest manner
honesty
B1
/ˈɑ.nɪ.sti/
The act, quality, or condition of being honest.
honeymoon
B1
/ˈhʌn.iˌmuːn/
spend a holiday after one's marriage
hop
B1
/hɑp/
travel by means of an aircraft, bus, et cetera
hopeful
B1
/ˈhoʊpfl̩/
having or manifesting hope
hopefully
B1
/ˈhoʊp.fə.li/
it is hoped
hopeless
B1
/ˈhoʊplɪs/
beyond hope of management or reform
horizon
B1
/həˈɹaɪ.zən/
the range of interest or activity that can be anticipated
horn
B1
/hɔɹn/
a device having the shape of a horn
horrible
B1
/ˈhɔɹ.ɪ.bəl/
A thing that causes horror; a terrifying thing, particularly a prospective bad consequence asserted as likely to result from an act.
horrify
B1
/ˈhɔɹəfaɪ/
To cause to feel extreme apprehension or unease; to cause to experience horror.
hostel
B1
/ˈhɑstəl/
A commercial overnight lodging place, with dormitory accommodation and shared facilities, especially a youth hostel.
household
B1
/ˈhaʊshoʊld/
Collectively, all the persons who live in a given house; a family including attendants, servants etc.; a domestic or family establishment.
housework
B1
/ˈhaʊsˌwɝk/
domestic household chores such as cleaning and cooking
huge
B1
/hjud͡ʒ/
unusually great in size or amount or degree or especially extent or scope
humanity
B1
/hjuˈmænɪti/
Humankind; human beings as a group.
humid
B1
/ˈhjuːmɪd/
containing or characterized by a great deal of water vapor
humor
B1
/ˈhjuːmɚ/
the trait of appreciating and being able to express the humorous
humorous
B1
/ˈhjuːməɹəs/
full of or characterized by humor
hunger
B1
/ˈhʌŋɡɚ/
strong desire for something, but not food or drink
hunt
B1
/hʌnt/
an instance of searching for something
hurriedly
B1
/ˈhɝɪdli/
in a hurried or hasty manner
hut
B1
/hʌt/
A small, simple one-storey dwelling or shelter, often with just one room, and generally built of readily available local materials.
ice hockey
B1
ice skating
B1
identity
B1
/aɪˈdɛn(t)ɪti/
the distinct personality of an individual regarded as a persisting entity
identity card
B1
idiom
B1
/ˈɪdiəm/
the style of a particular artist or school or movement
idol
B1
/ˈaɪ.dl̩/
A graven image or representation of anything that is revered, or believed to convey spiritual power.
ignore
B1
/ɪɡˈnoɹ/
To deliberately not listen or pay attention to.
illegally
B1
/ɪˈliːɡəli/
in an illegal manner
illness
B1
/ˈɪl.nəs/
An instance of a disease or poor health.
illuminate
B1
/ɪˈl(j)umɪneɪt/
To shine light on something.
imaginary
B1
/ɪˈmæd͡ʒɪˌn(ɛ)ɹi/
Existing only in the imagination.
imitate
B1
/ˈɪmɪteɪt/
reproduce someone's behavior or looks
immediate
B1
/ɪˈmi.di.ɪt/
having no intervening medium
immediately
B1
/ɪˈmi.di.ɪt.li/
near or close by
immigrate
B1
/ˈɪməˌgreɪt/
come into a new country and change residency
immigration
B1
/ˌɪmɪˈɡɹeɪʃən/
the body of immigrants arriving during a specified interval
impair
B1
/ɪmˈpɛɹ/
make worse or less effective
impression
B1
/ɪmˈpɹɛʃn̩/
the act of pressing one thing on or into the surface of another
impressive
B1
/ɪmˈpɹɛsɪv/
producing a strong effect
improper
B1
/ɪmˈpɹɔp.ə/
not suitable or right or appropriate
improvement
B1
/ɪmˈpɹuːvmənt/
the act of improving something
incident
B1
/ˈɪn.sɪ.dənt/
(sometimes followed by `to') minor or casual or subordinate in significance or nature or occurring as a chance concomitant or consequence
including
B1
/ɪnˈkluːdɪŋ/
Such as, among which; introducing one or more parts of the group or topic just mentioned.
income
B1
/ˈɪnˌkʌm/
Money one earns by working or by capitalising on the work of others.
inconvenient
B1
/ˌɪnkənˈviːnjənt/
not suited to your comfort, purpose or needs
incorrect
B1
/ˌɪn.kəˈɹekt/
Not correct; erroneous or wrong.
increasingly
B1
/ˌɪnˈkriːsɪŋgli/
advancing in amount or intensity
incredible
B1
/ɪŋˈkɹɛdəbəl/
beyond belief or understanding
incredibly
B1
/ɪŋˈkɹɛdɪbli/
not easy to believe
indefinite article
B1
independent
B1
/ˌɪn.dɪˈpɛn.dənt/
free from external control and constraint
indirect
B1
/ˌɪn.dɪˈɹɛkt/
having intervening factors or persons or influences
indirectly
B1
/ˌɪn.dɪˈɹek(t).li/
not in a forthright manner
individual
B1
/ɪndɪˈvɪd͡ʒʊəl/
being or characteristic of a single thing or person
indoors
B1
/ɪnˈdɔɹz/
Inside, into, or within a building.
industrial
B1
/ɪnˈdɐs.tɹi.əl/
suitable to stand up to hard wear
industry
B1
/ɪnˈɖəs.ʈri/
the organized action of making of goods and services for sale
inevitable
B1
/ɪˈnɛvɪtəbəl/
incapable of being avoided or prevented
infection
B1
/ɪnˈfɛkʃən/
in international law, an illegality that taints or contaminates a ship or cargo rendering it liable to seizure
infinitive
B1
/ɪnˈfɪnɪtɪv/
The infinitive mood or mode (a grammatical mood).
inform
B1
/ɪnˈfɔɹm/
give character or essence to
informative
B1
/ɪnˈfɔɹmətɪv/
Providing information; especially, providing useful or interesting information.
ingredient
B1
/ɪnˈɡɹiːdi.ənt/
One of the substances present in a mixture, especially food.
inhabitant
B1
/ɪnˈhæb.ɪ.tənt/
Someone or thing who lives in a place.
inhale
B1
/ˌɪnˈheɪl/
to draw in air
initial
B1
/ɪˈnɪʃəl/
occurring at the beginning
initially
B1
/ɪˈnɪʃəli/
At the beginning.
inject
B1
/ɪnˈd͡ʒɛkt/
give an injection to
injury
B1
/ˈɪn.d͡ʒɚ.i/
Damage to the body of a living thing.
ink
B1
/ˈɪŋk/
fill with ink
innermost
B1
/ˈɪnɚmoʊst/
situated or occurring farthest within
innocent
B1
/ˈɪnəsənt/
(used of things) lacking sense or awareness
innovator
B1
/ˈɪnəˌveɪtəɹ/
Someone who innovates; a creator of new ideas.
inquiry
B1
/ɪnˈkwaɪ(ə)ɹi/
A search for truth, information, or knowledge; examination of facts or principles; research; investigation; inquest.
insane
B1
/ɪnˈseɪn/
afflicted with or characteristic of mental derangement
inscribe
B1
/ɪnˈskɹaɪb/
To write or cut (words) onto (something, especially a hard surface, or a book to be given to another person); to engrave.
inscription
B1
/ɪnˈskɹɪpʃən/
The act of inscribing.
insight
B1
/ˈɪnsaɪ̯t/
A sight or view of the interior of anything; a deep inspection or view; introspection; frequently used with into.
insist
B1
/ɪnˈsɪst/
be emphatic or resolute and refuse to budge
inspection
B1
/ɪnˈspɛkʃən/
The act of examining something, often closely.
inspire
B1
/ɪnˈspaɪɹ/
supply the inspiration for
install
B1
/ɪnˈstɔl/
set up for use
instance
B1
/ˈɪnstəns/
Urgency of manner or words; an urgent request; insistence.
instead of
B1
institute
B1
/ˈɪnstɪtjuːt/
an association organized to promote art, science, or education
instruction
B1
/ɪnˈstɹʌkʃən/
The act of instructing, teaching, or providing with information or knowledge.
instructor
B1
/ɪnˈstɹʌktɚ/
One who instructs; a teacher.
insurance
B1
/ɪnˈʃɔː.ɹəns/
promise of reimbursement in the case of loss
intend
B1
/ɪnˈtɛnd/
design or destine
intense
B1
/ˌɪnˈtɛns/
possessing or displaying a distinctive feature to a heightened degree
intensive
B1
/ˌɪnˈtɛnsɪv/
tending to give force or emphasis
intention
B1
/ɪnˈtɛnʃn̩/
usually plural, the goal with respect to a marriage proposal
intentionally
B1
/ɪnˈtɛn(t)ʃənəli/
In an intentional manner; on purpose.
interact
B1
/ˌɪn.tɚˈækt/
act together or towards others or with others
interaction
B1
/ˌɪn.tɚˈæk.ʃən/
the transfer of energy between elementary particles, between an elementary particle and a field, or between fields
intermediate
B1
/ɪn.tə(ɹ)ˈmi.di.ət/
lying between two extremes in time or space or state
intermission
B1
/ɪntɚˈmɪʃən/
A break, especially between two performances or sessions, such as at a concert, play, seminar, or religious assembly.
internal
B1
/ɪnˈtɜɹ.nəl/
happening or arising or located within some limits or especially surface
internationally
B1
/ˌɪntɝˈnæʃənɑːli/
throughout the world
interrupt
B1
/ˌɪntəˈɹʌpt/
to terminate
interval
B1
/ˈɪntɚvəl/
A distance in space.
interviewee
B1
/ˌɪn.tɚ.vjuːˈiː/
Someone being interviewed, i.e. the person answering the questions.
introduction
B1
/ˌɪntɹəˈdʌkʃn̩/
a new proposal
invasion
B1
/ɪnˈveɪʒən/
(pathology) the spread of pathogenic microorganisms or malignant cells to new sites in the body
invest
B1
/ɪnˈvest/
To spend money, time, or energy on something, especially for some benefit or purpose; used with in.
investigation
B1
/ɪnˌvɛs.tɪˈɡeɪ.ʃən/
The act of investigating; the process of inquiring into or following up; research, especially patient or thorough inquiry or examination
invitation
B1
/ɪn.vɪˈteɪ.ʃən/
a tempting allurement
involuntarily
B1
/ɪnˌvɑlənˈtɛɹɪli/
against one's will
involve
B1
/ɪnˈvoːv/
make complex or intricate or complicated
involved
B1
/ɪnˈvoːvd/
entangled or hindered as if e.g. in mire
iron
B1
/æːn/
extremely robust
ironing
B1
/ˈaɪɝnɪŋ/
garments (clothes or linens) that are to be (or have been) ironed
irregular
B1
/ɪˈɹɛɡ.jə.lɚ/
independent in behavior or thought
irritate
B1
/ˈɪɹ.ɪˌteɪt/
excite to an abnormal condition, or chafe or inflame
isle
B1
/ˈaɪl/
a small island
isolation
B1
/ˌɑesəˈlæɪʃən/
a country's withdrawal from international politics
ivory
B1
/ˈaɪv(ə)ɹi/
a shade of white the color of bleached bones
jade
B1
/d͡ʒeɪd/
A semiprecious stone, either nephrite or jadeite, generally green or white in color, often used for carving figurines.
jail
B1
/d͡ʒeɪl/
a place used to detain persons who are in the lawful custody of the government
jar
B1
/d͡ʒɑɹ/
a vessel, usually cylindrical, with a wide mouth and without handles
jazz
B1
/d͡ʒæz/
a style of dance music popular in the 1920s
jealous
B1
/ˈd͡ʒɛ.ləs/
suspicious or unduly suspicious or fearful of being displaced by a rival
jewel
B1
/d͡ʒul/
adorn or decorate with precious stones
jog
B1
/d͡ʒɑɡ/
a sharp change in direction
jogging
B1
/ˈd͡ʒɑ.ɡɪŋ/
running at a slow pace as a form of cardiopulmonary exercise
joint
B1
/d͡ʒɔɪnt/
involving both houses of a legislature
journal
B1
/ˈd͡ʒɝnəl/
a daily written record of experiences and observations
journalist
B1
/ˈd͡ʒɝnəlɪst/
someone who keeps a diary or journal
judgment
B1
/ˈd͡ʒʌd͡ʒ.mənt/
the act of judging or assessing a person or situation or event
jug
B1
/d͡ʒʌɡ/
stew in an earthenware jug
juicy
B1
/ˈd͡ʒuːsi/
full of juice
jumper
B1
/ˈd͡ʒʌmpɚ/
an athlete who competes at jumping
jungle
B1
/ˈd͡ʒʌŋ.ɡ(ə)l/
a style of dance music that fuses elements of hip-hop, hardcore, and ragga, consisting almost exclusively of very fast electronic drum tracks and slower synthesized bass lines
justice
B1
/ˈd͡ʒɐs.tɪs/
The state or characteristic of being just or fair.
kettle
B1
/ˈkɛ.təl/
A vessel for boiling a liquid or cooking food, usually metal and equipped with a lid.
keyboard
B1
/ˈki.bɔɹd/
a holder consisting of an arrangement of hooks on which keys or locks can be hung
killing
B1
/ˈkɪl.ɪŋ/
very funny
kindness
B1
/ˈkaɪnd.nəs/
The state of being kind.
kitten
B1
/ˈkɪt.n̩/
a young domestic cat
knit
B1
/ˈnɪt/
make (textiles) by knitting
lab
B1
/læb/
A laboratory.
laboratory
B1
/ˈlæb(ə)ɹəˌtɔɹi/
A place where chemicals, drugs or microbes are prepared or manufactured.
ladder
B1
/ˈlæd.ɚ/
ascending stages by which somebody or something can progress
lamb
B1
/læm/
give birth to a lamb
landlord
B1
/ˈlæn(d).lɔɹd/
A person that leases real property; a lessor.
largely
B1
/ˈlɑɹd͡ʒ.li/
on a large scale
lasting
B1
/ˈlastɪŋ/
lasting a long time without change
latecomer
B1
/ˈleɪtˌkʌm.ɚ/
One who has arrived comparatively recently.
lately
B1
/ˈleɪt.li/
Recently; not long ago; of late; not long since.
laughter
B1
/ˈlæftɚ/
The sound of laughing, produced by air so expelled; any similar sound.
launch
B1
/lɑːnt͡ʃ/
begin with vigor
lawful
B1
/ˈlɔfl̩/
conformable to or allowed by law
lay
B1
/leɪ/
not of or from a profession
layer
B1
/ˈleɪ.əɹ/
make or form a layer
leadership
B1
/ˈlidɚʃɪp/
the activity of leading
leading
B1
/ˈlidɪŋ/
present participle and gerund of lead
league
B1
/liːɡ/
A group or association of cooperating members.
lean
B1
/ˈliːn/
not profitable or prosperous
leap
B1
/ˈliːp/
the distance leaped (or to be leaped)
lecture
B1
/ˈlek.t͡ʃəː/
a lengthy rebuke
legal
B1
/ˈli.ɡəl/
allowed by official rules
legally
B1
/ˈliːɡəli/
in a legal manner
length
B1
/ˈlɛŋkθ/
a section of something that is long and narrow
lessen
B1
/ˈlɛsən/
To make less; to diminish; to reduce.
lettuce
B1
/ˈlɛt.ɪs/
The leaves of the lettuce plant, eaten as a vegetable; as a dish often mixed with other ingredients, dressing etc.
liar
B1
/ˈlaɪ.ɚ/
Someone who tells a lie; especially, a person who frequently lies.
liberate
B1
/ˈlɪb.ə.ɹeɪt/
To acquire from another by theft or force: to steal, to rob.
liberation
B1
/ˌlɪbəˈɹeɪʃən/
the attempt to achieve equal rights or status
librarian
B1
/laɪˈbɹɛɹ.i.ən/
The keeper, manager of a library.
lifeguard
B1
/ˈlaɪfˌɡɑɹd/
A bodyguard or unit of bodyguards, a guard of someone's (especially a king's) life or person.
lifelong
B1
/ˈlaɪf.lɔːŋ/
continuing through life
lift
B1
/lɪft/
the act of raising something
lighter
B1
/ˈlaɪtɚ/
a flat-bottomed boat for carrying heavy loads, especially on canals
lightly
B1
/ˈlaɪtli/
with indifference or without dejection
lightning
B1
/ˈlaɪt.nɪŋ/
the flash of light that accompanies an electric discharge in the atmosphere, or something resembling such a flash
likeness
B1
/ˈlaɪknəs/
similarity in appearance or character or nature between persons or things
limit
B1
/ˈlɪm.ɪt/
the greatest amount of something that is possible or allowed
limitation
B1
/lɪmɪˈteɪʃən/
the quality of being limited or restricted
limited
B1
/ˈlɪm.ɪ.tɪd/
not unlimited
limp
B1
/lɪmp/
lacking in strength or firmness or resilience
link
B1
/lɪŋk/
a fastener that serves to join or connect
liquid
B1
/ˈlɪk.wɪd/
clear and bright
literary
B1
/ˈlɪtəɹɛ(ə)ɹi/
appropriate to literature rather than everyday speech or writing
literature
B1
/ˈlɪt.ɚ.ə.t͡ʃɚ/
the profession or art of a writer
liver
B1
/ˈlɪvɚ/
someone who lives in a place
loaf
B1
/loʊf/
a quantity of food, other than bread, formed in a particular shape
locate
B1
/ˈloʊˌkeɪt/
assign a location to
location
B1
/loʊˈkeɪʃən/
a workplace away from a studio at which some or all of a movie may be made
lodge
B1
/lɑd͡ʒ/
put, fix, force, or implant
log
B1
/lɔɡ/
measuring instrument that consists of a float that trails from a ship by a knotted line in order to measure the ship's speed through the water
logic
B1
/ˈlɑ.d͡ʒɪk/
reasoned and reasonable judgment
logo
B1
/ˈloʊ.ɡoʊ/
A visual symbol or emblem that acts as a trademark or a means of identification of a company or organization.
lorry
B1
/ˈlɔɹi/
A large and heavy motor vehicle designed to carry goods or soldiers; a truck
loss
B1
/lɔs/
the act of losing someone or something
lottery
B1
/ˈlɑtɚi/
something that is regarded as a chance event
loud
B1
/ˈlæʊ̯d/
with relatively high volume
loudspeaker
B1
/ˈlaʊdspiːkɚ/
An electromechanical transducer that converts an electrical signal into audible sound.
lovingly
B1
/ˈlʌvɪŋli/
In a loving manner, affectionately.
loyal
B1
/ˈlɔɪəl/
steadfast in allegiance or duty
loyalty
B1
/ˈlɔɪəlti/
The state of being loyal; fidelity.
luggage
B1
/ləˈɡed͡ʒ/
The bags and other containers that hold a traveller's belongings.
lung
B1
/lʊŋ/
A biological organ of vertebrates that controls breathing and oxygenates the blood.
luxury
B1
/ˈlʌɡ.ʒə.ɹi/
Very wealthy and comfortable surroundings; the state of being that they create.
magical
B1
/ˈmæd͡ʒ.ɪ.kəl/
Of, relating to, or by means of magic.
magician
B1
/məˈd͡ʒɪʃən/
A spiritualist or practitioner of mystic arts.
magnificent
B1
/mæɡˈnɪfəsənt/
Grand, elegant or splendid in appearance.
mailbox
B1
/ˈmeɪl.bɑks/
A box into which mail is placed.
main
B1
/ˈmeɪn/
Of chief or leading importance; prime, principal.
maintain
B1
/meɪnˈteɪn/
state or assert
maintenance
B1
/ˈmeɪnt(ə)nəns/
the unauthorized interference in a legal action by a person having no interest in it (as by helping one party with money or otherwise to continue the action) so as to obstruct justice or promote unnecessary litigation or unsettle the peace of the community
majority
B1
/məˈd͡ʒɑ.ɹɪti/
More than half (50%) of some group.
management
B1
/ˈmæn.ɪd͡ʒ.mənt/
the act of managing something
mankind
B1
/mænˈkaɪnd/
The human race in its entirety.
maple
B1
/ˈmæɪpəl/
wood of any of various maple trees
marble
B1
/ˈmɑɹ.bəl/
paint or stain like marble
march
B1
/mɑɹt͡ʃ/
a steady advance
marine
B1
/məˈɹiːn/
native to or inhabiting the sea
marked
B1
/mɑɹkt/
singled out for notice or especially for a dire fate
marriage
B1
/ˈmæɹ.ɪd͡ʒ/
two people who are married to each other
mash
B1
/mæʃ/
A mess; trouble.
mass
B1
/mæs/
the common people generally
massive
B1
/ˈmasɪv/
imposing in size or bulk or solidity
mathematician
B1
/ˌmɛθ.(ə.)məˈtəʃ.ən/
An expert on mathematics; someone who studies mathematics.
mathematics
B1
/mæθ(.ə)ˈmæt.ɪks/
An abstract representational system studying numbers, shapes, structures, quantitative change and relationships between them.
maximum
B1
/ˈmæksɪməm/
The highest limit.
mayor
B1
/ˈmeɪ.əɹ/
The chief executive of the municipal government of a city, borough, etc., formerly (historical) usually appointed as a caretaker by European royal courts but now usually appointed or elected locally.
meaningful
B1
/ˈmi.nɪŋ.fl̩/
having a meaning or purpose
meanwhile
B1
/ˈmiːnwaɪl/
during the intervening time
measure
B1
/ˈmɛʒ.ɚ/
any maneuver made as part of progress toward a goal
measurement
B1
/ˈmɛʒ.ɚ.mənt/
the act or process of assigning numbers to phenomena according to a rule
mechanic
B1
/mɪˈkænɪk/
resembling the action of a machine
mechanical
B1
/məˈkænəkəl/
using (or as if using) mechanisms or tools or devices
meditate
B1
/ˈmɛ.dɪˌteɪt/
To consider; to reflect on.
meditation
B1
/mɛdɪˈteɪʃn̩/
continuous and profound contemplation or musing on a subject or series of subjects of a deep or abstruse nature
Mediterranean
B1
/ˌmɛdɪtəˈɹeɪnɪən/
of or relating to or characteristic of or located near the Mediterranean Sea
medium
B1
/ˈmiː.di.əm/
the surrounding environment
melt
B1
/mɛlt/
the process whereby heat changes something from a solid to a liquid
membership
B1
/ˈmɛmbɝˌʃɪp/
the body of members of an organization or group
memorable
B1
/ˈmɛm.(ə)ɹə.bl̩/
Worthy to be remembered; very important or remarkable.
memorize
B1
/ˈmem.əˌɹɑɪ̯z/
To fully learn so as to have entirely available to the memory; to learn by heart, commit to memory.
mend
B1
/mɪnd/
sewing that repairs a worn or torn hole, especially in a garment
mental
B1
/ˈmɛn.təl/
affected by a disorder of the mind
mentally
B1
/ˈmɛntəli/
in your mind
merchant
B1
/ˈmɝt͡ʃənt/
A trading vessel; a merchantman.
mere
B1
/mɪɚ/
Just, only; no more than, pure and simple, neither more nor better than might be expected.
merely
B1
/ˈmɪɹli/
and nothing more
mess
B1
/mɛs/
soft semiliquid food
message board
B1
messy
B1
/ˈmɛsi/
In a disorderly state; chaotic; disorderly.
middle-aged
B1
/ˌmɪdl̩ˈeɪd͡ʒd/
Of or relating to middle age or a middle-ager; neither old nor young.
mild
B1
/ˈmaɪld/
humble in spirit or manner
mile
B1
/ˈmaɪl/
a footrace extending one mile
mineral
B1
/ˈmɪn.ɚ.əl/
composed of matter other than plant or animal
minimize
B1
/ˈmɪn.ɪˌmaɪz/
make small or insignificant
minimum
B1
/ˈmɪnəməm/
The lowest limit.
minor
B1
/ˈmaɪ.nəɹ/
inferior in number or size or amount
minority
B1
/maɪˈnoɹ.ɪ.ti/
being or relating to the smaller in number of two parts
minus
B1
/ˈmɑe.nəs/
involving disadvantage or harm
miracle
B1
/ˈmɪɹ.ə.kəl/
An event that appears inexplicable by the laws of nature and so is held to be supernatural in origin.
mischief
B1
/ˈmɪs.tʃɪf/
Conduct that playfully causes petty annoyance.
miserable
B1
/ˈmɪz(ə)ɹəbəl/
characterized by physical misery
misery
B1
/ˈmɪz(ə)ɹi/
a feeling of intense unhappiness
mislead
B1
/mɪsˈliːd/
To lead astray, in a false direction.
mission
B1
/ˈmɪʃ.ən/
a special assignment that is given to a person or group
misty
B1
/ˈmɪsti/
wet with mist
misunderstanding
B1
/ˌmɪsʌndɚˈstændɪŋ/
A mistake as to the meaning of something or a specific point of view; erroneous interpretation or comprehension; misconception.
mixing bowl
B1
modal verb
B1
/ˈmoʊdəl/
relating to or expressing the mood of a verb
modem
B1
/ˈmoʊdəm/
A device that encodes digital computer signals into analog telephone signals and vice versa, allowing computers to communicate over a phone line.
moderate
B1
/ˈmɑdəɹət/
not extreme
modify
B1
/ˈmɑ.dɪˌfaɪ/
make less severe or harsh or extreme
moisture
B1
/ˈmɔɪs.t͡ʃɚ/
That which moistens or makes damp or wet; exuding fluid; liquid in small quantity.
molecule
B1
/ˈmɑ.lɪ.kjul/
the simplest structural unit of an element or compound in chemistry or physics
monitor
B1
/ˈmɑ.nɪ.tɚ/
Someone who watches over something; a person in charge of something or someone.
monk
B1
/mʌŋk/
A male member of a monastic order who has devoted his life for religious service.
monster
B1
/ˈmɑnstɚ/
A terrifying and dangerous creature, especially one of an imaginary or mythical kind.
monthly
B1
/ˈmʌnθli/
occurring once a month
monument
B1
/ˈmɑnjʊmənt/
A structure built for commemorative or symbolic reasons, or as a memorial; a commemoration.
moral
B1
/ˈmoɹəl/
concerned with principles of right and wrong or conforming to standards of behavior and character based on those principles
moreover
B1
/moɹˈoʊ.vɚ/
In addition to what has been said.
mosquito
B1
/məsˈki.toʊ/
A small flying insect of the family Culicidae, the females of which bite humans and animals and suck blood, leaving an itching bump on the skin, and sometimes carrying diseases like malaria, dengue and yellow fever.
moss
B1
/mɔs/
tiny leafy-stemmed flowerless plants
motherland
B1
/ˈmʌðɚˌlænd/
the country where you were born
motionless
B1
/ˈmoʊʃənlɛs/
At rest, stationary, immobile, not moving.
motivate
B1
/ˈmoʊ.tɪ.veɪt/
To provide someone with an incentive to do something; to encourage; to actuate.
motivation
B1
/ˈmoʊ.tə.veɪ.ʃən/
the condition of being motivated
motive
B1
/ˈmoʊtɪv/
An idea or communication that makes one want to act, especially from spiritual sources; a divine prompting.
motor
B1
/ˈmoʊtəɹ/
causing or able to cause motion
motorcycle
B1
/ˈmoʊtɚˌsaɪkəl/
An open-seated motor vehicle with handlebars instead of a steering wheel, and having two (or sometimes three) wheels.
motto
B1
/ˈmɑ.toʊ/
A personal slogan.
mount
B1
/ˈmaʊnt/
a mounting consisting of a piece of metal (as in a ring or other jewelry) that holds a gem in place
mountaintop
B1
/ˈmaʊnt(ɪ)nˌtɑp/
The summit of a mountain.
mourn
B1
/mɔɹn/
feel sadness
movement
B1
/ˈmuːv.mənt/
the act of changing the location of something
mud
B1
/mʌd/
Democratic Unity Roundtable, a coalition of opposition political parties in Venezuela.
mule
B1
/mjʉl/
The generally sterile male or female hybrid offspring of a male donkey and a female horse.
murderer
B1
/ˈmɝdɚɚ/
A person who commits murder.
muscle
B1
/ˈmʌs.əl/
authority or power or force (especially when used in a coercive way)
mustard
B1
/ˈmʌstəɹd/
Powder or paste made from seeds of the mustard plant, and used as a condiment or a spice.
mutual
B1
/ˈmjuːtʃuːəl/
Having the same relationship, each to each other.
myth
B1
/mɪθ/
A traditional story which embodies a belief regarding some fact or phenomenon of experience, and in which often the forces of nature and of the soul are personified; a sacred narrative regarding a god, a hero, the origin of the world or of a people, etc.
nail
B1
/neɪl/
attach something somewhere by means of nails
naked
B1
/ˈneɪkɪd/
lacking any cover
nap
B1
/ˈnæp/
sleeping for a short period of time
narrate
B1
/ˈnæɹeɪt/
To relate (a story or series of events) in speech or writing.
narrative
B1
/ˈnæɹətɪv/
consisting of or characterized by the telling of a story
narrow
B1
/ˈnæɹ.oʊ/
lacking tolerance or flexibility or breadth of view
nasty
B1
/ˈnaː.sti/
exasperatingly difficult to handle or circumvent
nationalist
B1
/ˈnæʃ.ə.nə.lɪst/
devotion to the interests or culture of a particular nation including promoting the interests of one country over those of others
naturally
B1
/ˈnæt͡ʃ.(ə.)ɹə.li/
as might be expected
navy blue
B1
nearby
B1
/ˌnɪə(ɹ)ˈbaɪ/
not far away in relative terms
necklace
B1
/ˈnɛkləs/
Anything resembling a necklace in shape.
nectar
B1
/ˈnɛk.təɹ/
The drink of the gods.
needle
B1
/ˈniːdəl/
goad or provoke, as by constant criticism
negotiate
B1
/nəˈɡoʊ.ʃi.eɪt/
discuss the terms of an arrangement
negotiation
B1
/nɪˌɡoʊ.ʃiˈeɪ.ʃən/
a discussion intended to produce an agreement
neighborhood
B1
/ˈneɪbɚˌhʊd/
people living near one another
nephew
B1
/ˈnɛf.ju/
A son of one's child.
nervousness
B1
/ˈnɝːvəsnəs/
The state or quality of being nervous.
ness
B1
/nɛs/
A promontory; a cape or headland. (Frequently used as a suffix in placenames.)
network
B1
/ˈnɛt.wɝk/
in broadcasting, a communication system consisting of a group of broadcasting stations that all transmit the same programs
neutral
B1
/ˈnuː.tɹəl/
having no hue
nevertheless
B1
/ˌnɛvɚðəˈlɛs/
In spite of what preceded; yet.
newborn
B1
/ˈnuːbɔrn/
recently born
newcomer
B1
/ˈn(j)uˌkʌmɚ/
a recent arrival
newly
B1
/ˈnuli/
very recently
next door
B1
next-door
B1
that occupies an adjacent place, especially the building immediately to the left or right
nickname
B1
/ˈnɪkneɪm/
a familiar name for a person, often a shortened version of a person's given name
niece
B1
/nis/
A daughter of one’s sibling, brother-in-law, or sister-in-law; either the daughter of one's brother ("fraternal niece"), or of one's sister ("sororal niece").
nightlife
B1
/ˈnaɪtˌlaɪf/
the activity of people seeking nighttime diversion (as at the theater, a nightclub, etc.)
nod
B1
/nɑd/
be almost asleep
noisily
B1
/ˈnɔɪzəli/
with much noise or loud and unpleasant sound
none
B1
/nʌn/
not at all or in no way
nonetheless
B1
/ˌnʌnðəˈlɛs/
Nevertheless.
nonsense
B1
/ˈnɑn.sɛns/
Letters or words, in writing or speech, that have no meaning or pattern or seem to have no meaning.
nor
B1
/nɔɹ/
And... not (introducing a negative statement, without necessarily following one).
normally
B1
/ˈnɔɹ.mə.li/
Under normal conditions or circumstances; usually; most of the time
northeast
B1
/ˌnɔrˈθiːst/
situated in or oriented toward the northeast
northeastern
B1
/ˌnorˈθiː.stɚn/
of a region of the United States generally including the New England states
northern
B1
/ˈnɒ.ðə(ɹ)n/
situated in or oriented toward the north
northwest
B1
/nɔɹθˈwɛst/
coming from the northwest
northwestern
B1
/nɔːθˈwɛstn̩/
Of or pertaining to the northwest; from or to in such a direction.
noticeable
B1
/ˈnoʊtɪsəbl̩/
capable or worthy of being perceived
noticeboard
B1
Alternative spelling of notice board.
notion
B1
/ˈnoʊʃən/
(usually plural) small personal articles or clothing or sewing items
notorious
B1
/nəˈtɔ.ɹi.əs/
known widely and usually unfavorably
novelist
B1
/ˈnɑvəlɪst/
one who writes novels
nowhere
B1
/ˈnoʊ.(h)wɛɹ/
an insignificant place
nuclear
B1
/ˈn(j)u.kli.ɚ/
constituting or like a nucleus
nucleus
B1
/ˈnuː.kli.əs/
The core, central part of something, around which other elements are assembled.
numerous
B1
/ˈnuməɹəs/
amounting to a large indefinite number
nutrient
B1
/ˈnuː.tɹi.ənt/
A source of nourishment, such as food, that can be metabolized by an organism to give energy and build tissue.
nutrition
B1
/nuˈtɹɪʃ.ən/
the scientific study of food and drink, especially in humans
nutritious
B1
/nuːˈtɹɪʃəs/
Salutary.
object
B1
/ˈɒb.d͡ʒɛkt/
the focus of cognitions or feelings
objection
B1
/əbˈd͡ʒɛkʃən/
a procedure whereby a party to a suit says that a particular line of questioning, witness, piece of evidence, or other matter is improper and should not be continued and asks the court to rule on its impropriety or illegality
objective
B1
/əbˈd͡ʒɛk.tɪv/
belonging to immediate experience of actual things or events
observation
B1
/ˌɑbzɚˈveɪʃn̩/
facts learned by observing
observe
B1
/əbˈzɝv/
make mention of
obstacle
B1
/ˈɑbstəkəl/
an obstruction that stands in the way and must be removed, surmounted or circumvented
obtain
B1
/əbˈteɪn/
come into possession of
obvious
B1
/ˈɑb.vi.əs/
easily perceived by the senses or grasped by the mind
obviously
B1
/ˈɑ(b).vi(.)əs.li/
unmistakably (`plain' is often used informally for `plainly')
occasion
B1
/əˈkeɪʒən/
reason
occasional
B1
/əˈkeɪʒ(ə)nəl/
Occurring or appearing irregularly from time to time, but not often; incidental.
occasionally
B1
/əˈkeɪʒənəli/
now and then or here and there
occupy
B1
/ˈɑkjəpaɪ/
To take or use.
occur
B1
/əˈkɝ/
come to pass
ocean
B1
/ˈoʊ.ʃən/
Water belonging to an ocean.
offensive
B1
/əˈfɛnsɪv/
unpleasant or disgusting especially to the senses
officially
B1
/əˈfɪʃ.(ə.)li/
in an official role
oily
B1
/ˈɔɪli/
coated or covered with oil
old-fashioned
B1
/oʊldˈfæʃənd/
Of an object, outdated or no longer in vogue.
oneself
B1
/wʌnˈsɛlf/
A person's self: general form of himself, herself, themself or yourself.
onstage
B1
/ˌɑːnˈsteɪdʒ/
on the stage
onto
B1
/ˈɑn.tu/
Arriving upon or on top of (speaking of a physical or metaphorical movement).
opening
B1
/ˈoʊ.pə.nɪŋ/
first or beginning
operation
B1
/ˌɑ.pəˈɹeɪ.ʃən/
the activity of operating something such as a machine or business
opposition
B1
/ˌɑ.pəˈzɪʃ.ən/
The action of opposing or of being in conflict.
oppress
B1
/əˈpɹɛs/
come down on or keep down by unjust use of one's authority
oppression
B1
/əˈpɹɛʃən/
the act of subjugating by cruelty
option
B1
/ˈɑpʃən/
one of a number of things from which only one can be chosen
oral
B1
/ˈɔ.ɹəl/
of or involving the mouth or mouth region or the surface on which the mouth is located
orbit
B1
/ˈɔɹ.bɪt/
the usually elliptical path described by one celestial body in its revolution about another
orchestra
B1
/ˈoɹ.kɪs.tɹə/
A large group of musicians who play together on various instruments, usually including some from strings, woodwind, brass and/or percussion; the instruments played by such a group.
orderly
B1
/ˈɔɹdɚli/
devoid of violence or disruption
ordinary
B1
/ˈɔɹdɪnɛɹi/
not exceptional in any way especially in quality or ability or size or degree
organ
B1
/ˈɔɹɡən/
a periodical that is published by a special interest group
organic
B1
/ɔɹˈɡænɪk/
involving or affecting physiology or bodily organs
organism
B1
/ɔʳˈɡan.ɪzəm/
a system considered analogous in structure or function to a living body
organization
B1
/ˌoɹ.ɡə.nɪˈzeɪ.ʃən/
the activity or result of distributing or disposing persons or things properly or methodically
origin
B1
/ˈoɹ.ɪ.d͡ʒɪn/
properties attributable to your ancestry
otherwise
B1
/ˈʌð.ɚˌwaɪz/
in other respects or ways
ought to
B1
outdoor
B1
/ˈaʊtˌdɔr/
pertaining to or concerning the outdoors or outdoor activities
outdoors
B1
/aʊtˈdɔː(ɹ)z/
where the air is unconfined
outer
B1
/ˈaʊtɚ/
being on or toward the outside of the body
outlaw
B1
/ˈaʊt.lɔ/
A fugitive from the law.
outline
B1
/ˈaʊtlaɪn/
describe roughly or briefly or give the main points or summary of
out-of-date
B1
Alternative form of out of date.
outstanding
B1
/ˌʌʊtˈstæn.dɪŋ/
having a quality that thrusts itself into attention
outward
B1
/ˈaʊt.wɚd/
toward the outside
outweigh
B1
/ˌaʊtˈweɪ/
weigh more heavily
overcome
B1
/ˌoʊ.vəɹˈkʌm/
win a victory over
overjoyed
B1
/ˌoʊvɚˈd͡ʒɔɪd/
Very happy.
overnight
B1
/əʊvə(ɹ)ˈnaɪt/
during or for the length of one night
overwhelm
B1
/ˌo.vɚˈʍɛlm/
To engulf, surge over and submerge.
overwhelming
B1
/ˌoʊvɚˈ(h)wɛlmɪŋ/
Overpowering, staggering, or irresistibly strong.
overwork
B1
/ˌoʊvɚˈwɝk/
the act of working too much or too long
owe
B1
/oʊ/
be in debt
owing
B1
/ˈoʊ.ɪŋ/
Still to be paid; owed as a debt.
oxygen
B1
/ˈɑk.sɪ.d͡ʒən/
The chemical element (symbol O) with an atomic number of 8 and relative atomic mass of 15.9994. It is a colorless and odorless gas. Sometimes called elemental oxygen to distinguish it from molecular oxygen.
pace
B1
/peɪs/
the relative speed of progress or change
package
B1
/pa.ked͡ʒ/
Something which is packed, a parcel, a box, an envelope.
packing
B1
/ˈpækɪŋ/
carrying something in a pack on the back
paddle
B1
/ˈpædl̩/
propel with a paddle
paid
B1
/peɪd/
marked by the reception of pay
pain
B1
/pæɪn/
a somatic sensation of acute discomfort
painful
B1
/ˈpeɪn.fl̩/
causing physical or psychological pain
pale
B1
/ˈpeɪl/
lacking in vitality or interest or effectiveness
palm
B1
/pɑːm/
to take something into the palm of one's hand, usually for concealing or as part of a sleight-of-hand magic trick
parachute
B1
/ˈpæɹəʃut/
A small collar which fastens around the scrotum and from which weights can be hung.
paradise
B1
/ˈpɛɹ.ə.daɪ̯s/
The place where sanctified souls are believed to live after death.
paralyze
B1
/ˈpæɹəˌlaɪz/
cause to be paralyzed and immobile
parcel
B1
/ˈpɑɹsəl/
cover with strips of canvas
parental
B1
/pəˈɹen.təl/
relating to or characteristic of or befitting a parent
parking
B1
/ˈpɑɹ.kɪŋ/
space in which vehicles can be parked
parrot
B1
/ˈpæɹət/
repeat mindlessly
partial
B1
/ˈpɑɹʃəl/
Existing as a part or portion; incomplete.
participant
B1
/pɑːɹˈtɪsəpənt/
One who participates.
participate
B1
/pɑɹˈtɪs.ə.peɪt/
To join in, to take part, to involve oneself (in something).
participle
B1
/ˈpɑɹtɪˌsɪpəl/
a non-finite form of the verb
particularly
B1
/pəˈtɪkjəli/
to a distinctly greater extent or degree than is common
part-time
B1
/ˈpɑːrtˈtaɪm/
for less than the standard number of hours
passion
B1
/ˈpæʃən/
A true desire sustained or prolonged.
passive
B1
/ˈpæsɪv/
lacking in energy or will
passport
B1
/ˈpæspɔɹt/
An official document normally used for international journeys, which proves the identity and nationality of the person for whom it was issued.
password
B1
/ˈpæs.wɜɹd/
a secret word or phrase known only to a restricted group
patience
B1
/ˈpæɪ̯.ʃəns/
The quality of being patient.
patrol
B1
/pəˈtɹoʊl/
A going of the rounds along the chain of sentinels and between the posts, by a guard, usually consisting of three or four men, to insure greater security from attacks on the outposts.
pattern
B1
/ˈpætɚn/
a model considered worthy of imitation
pause
B1
/pɔz/
temporary inactivity
peanut
B1
/ˈpiˌnʌt/
A legume resembling a nut, the fruit of the plant Arachis hypogaea, native to South America.
peculiar
B1
/pɪˈkjul.jɚ/
markedly different from the usual
penniless
B1
/ˈpɛ.nɪ.ləs/
Lacking even the smallest amount of money.
penny
B1
/ˈpɪni/
In the United Kingdom and Ireland and many other countries, a unit of currency worth ¹⁄₂₄₀ of a pound sterling or Irish pound before decimalisation, or a copper coin worth this amount. Abbreviation: d.
per
B1
/pɝ/
For each.
percent
B1
/pɚˈsɛnt/
For every hundred (used with preceding numeral to form a noun phrase expressing a proportion).
performer
B1
/pɚˈfɔɹmɚ/
One who performs or does anything.
permanent
B1
/ˈpɜɹ.mə.nənt/
continuing or enduring without marked change in status or condition or place
permanently
B1
/ˈpɝmənəntli/
for a long time without essential change
permit
B1
/pɚˈmɪt/
consent to, give permission
personally
B1
/ˈpɝ.sə.nə.li/
as a person
persuade
B1
/pə(ɹ)ˈsweɪd/
To successfully convince (someone) to agree to, accept, or do something, usually through reasoning and verbal influence.
persuasive
B1
/pə(ɹ)ˈsweɪsɪv/
intended or having the power to induce action or belief
phantom
B1
/ˈfæntəm/
something apparently sensed but having no physical reality
pharmacy
B1
/ˈfɑɹməsi/
a retail shop where medicine and other articles are sold
phenomenon
B1
/fəˈnɑ.məˌnɑn/
A thing or being, event or process, perceptible through senses; or a fact or occurrence thereof.
philosopher
B1
/fəˈlɑsəfɚ/
A scholar or expert engaged in or contributing to philosophical inquiry.
philosophy
B1
/fɪˈlɑ.sə.fi/
any personal belief about how to live or how to deal with a situation
phoenix
B1
/ˈfiːnɪks/
a legendary Arabian bird said to periodically burn itself to death and emerge from the ashes as a new phoenix
photocopy
B1
/ˈfəʊtəˌkɒpi/
To make a copy using a photocopier.
phrasal verb
B1
phrase
B1
/fɹeɪz/
divide, combine, or mark into phrases
physics
B1
/ˈfɪz.ɪks/
the science of matter and energy and their interactions
pie
B1
/pɑɪ/
A type of pastry that consists of an outer crust and a filling. (Savory pies are more popular in the UK and sweet pies are more popular in the US, so "pie" without qualification has different connotations in these dialects.)
piety
B1
/ˈpaɪ.ɪ.ti/
Reverence and devotion to God.
pillow
B1
/ˈpɪl.oʊ/
a cushion to support the head of a sleeping person
pin
B1
/ˈpɪn/
a small, slender, often pointed piece of wood or metal used to support or fasten or attach things
pineapple
B1
/ˈpaɪnæpəl/
The flesh of a pineapple fruit used as a food item.
pipe
B1
/ˈpaɪp/
trim with piping
pit
B1
/ˈpɪt/
a surface excavation for extracting stone or slate
plain
B1
/plen/
lacking embellishment or ornamentation
platform
B1
/ˈplætfɔɹm/
a raised horizontal surface
pleasantly
B1
/ˈplɛzəntli/
in an enjoyable manner
plug
B1
/plʌɡ/
insert as a plug
pocket money
B1
poet
B1
/ˈpoʊ.ət/
a writer of poems (the term is usually reserved for writers of good poetry)
poetry
B1
/ˈpoʊ.ə.tɹi/
Literature composed in verse or language exhibiting conscious attention to patterns and rhythm.
poison
B1
/ˈpoɪ.zən/
anything that harms or destroys
poisonous
B1
/ˈpɔɪzənəs/
Containing sufficient poison to be dangerous to touch or ingest.
pole
B1
/pɒl/
one of two divergent or mutually exclusive opinions
policy
B1
/ˈpɑ.lə.si/
a plan of action adopted by an individual or social group
politely
B1
/pəˈlaɪtli/
in a polite manner
politician
B1
/ˌpɑ.ləˈtɪʃ.ən/
One engaged in politics, especially an elected or appointed government official.
politics
B1
/ˈpɑ.lɪ.tɪks/
the activities and affairs involved in managing a state or a government
pollutant
B1
/pəˈl(j)uːtənt/
A foreign substance that makes something dirty, or impure, especially waste from human activities.
pond
B1
/pɑnd/
a small lake
popcorn
B1
/ˈpɑp.kɔɹn/
small kernels of corn that burst open when exposed to heat
pork
B1
/poɹk/
meat from a domestic hog or pig
port
B1
/pɔɹt/
turn or go to the port or left side, of a ship
positive
B1
/ˈpɑzɪtɪv/
involving advantage or good
positively
B1
/ˈpɑ.zɪ.tɪv.li/
extremely
possess
B1
/pəˈzɛs/
to have ownership or possession of
possession
B1
/pəˈzɛʃn̩/
a territory that is controlled by a ruling state
possessive
B1
/pəˈzes.ɪv/
desirous of owning
possibility
B1
/ˌpɑ.səˈbɪl.ə.ti/
a possible alternative
postcard
B1
/ˈpoʊstˌkɑɹd/
To send a postcard to someone.
postman
B1
/ˈpoʊstmən/
Someone who delivers the post (mail) to, and/or collects the post from, residential or commercial addresses, or from public mailboxes.
pot
B1
/pɑt/
plant in a pot
potential
B1
/po(ʊ)ˈtɛnʃəl/
existing in possibility
pottery
B1
/ˈpɑtəɹi/
Fired ceramic wares that contain clay when formed.
pound
B1
/ˈpæʊ̯nd/
a public enclosure for stray or unlicensed dogs
poverty
B1
/ˈpɑːvɚti/
The quality or state of being poor; lack of money
powder
B1
/ˈpuː.dɐ/
apply powder to
practical
B1
/ˈpræktɪkəl/
having or put to a practical purpose or use
praise
B1
/pɹeɪz/
an expression of approval and commendation
prayer
B1
/ˈpɹeɪ.ɚ/
the act of communicating with a deity, especially as a petition or in adoration or contrition or thanksgiving
precious
B1
/ˈpɹɛʃ.əs/
extremely
preference
B1
/ˈpɹɛf(ə)ɹ(ə)ns/
a strong liking
prefix
B1
/ˈpɹiːfɪks/
attach a prefix to
pregnant
B1
/ˈpɹɛɡnənt/
Carrying developing offspring within the body.
prejudice
B1
/ˈpɹɛd͡ʒədɪs/
An adverse judgment or opinion formed beforehand or without knowledge of the facts.
preparation
B1
/prɪpəˈreʃən/
the act of preparing something, such as food, by the application of heat
prepared
B1
/pɹɪˈpɛɹd/
made ready or fit or suitable beforehand
preposition
B1
/ˌpɹɛpəˈzɪʃən/
Any of a class of non-inflecting words and multiword terms typically employed to connect a following noun or a pronoun, in an adjectival or adverbial sense, with some other word: a particle used with a noun or pronoun (in English always in the objective case) to make a phrase limiting some other word.
preschool
B1
/ˈpɹiːskuːl/
A nursery school.
prescription
B1
/pɹəˈskɹɪp.ʃən/
a drug that is available only with written instructions from a doctor or dentist to a pharmacist
presence
B1
/ˈpɹɛz(ə)ns/
the impression that something is present
presentation
B1
/pɹisɛnˈteɪʃən/
the activity of formally presenting something like a prize or reward
preservation
B1
/ˌpɹɛz.ɚˈveɪ.ʃən/
The act of preserving; care to preserve; act of keeping from destruction, decay or any ill.
preserve
B1
/pɹəˈzɝv/
a domain that seems to be specially reserved for someone
president
B1
/ˈpɹez.ɪ.dənt/
The head of state of a republic, sometimes also the head of government as well, particularly (US politics) the head of the executive branch of the federal government of the United States of America.
press
B1
/ˈprɛs/
the act of pressing
previous
B1
/ˈpɹi.vi.əs/
Prior; occurring before something else, either in time or order.
priest
B1
/ˈpɹiːst/
A religious clergyman (clergywoman, clergyperson) who is trained to perform services or sacrifices at a church or temple.
primarily
B1
/pɹaɪˈmɛɹ.əli/
of primary import
primary school
B1
primitive
B1
/ˈpɹɪmɪtɪv/
used of preliterate or tribal or nonindustrial societies
principle
B1
/ˈprɪnsəpəl/
a basic truth or law or assumption
prison
B1
/ˈpɹɪzn̩/
A place or institution where people are held against their will, in the US especially for long-term confinement, as of those convicted of serious crimes or otherwise considered undesirable by the government.
prisoner
B1
/ˈpɹɪzənɚ/
a person who is confined
privacy
B1
/ˈpɹaɪ.və.si/
The state of being secluded from the presence, sight, or knowledge of others.
prize
B1
/ˈpɹɑ̟ɪ̯z/
something given for victory or superiority in a contest or competition or for winning a lottery
probability
B1
/ˌpɹɑbəˈbɪlɪti/
The state of being probable.
proceed
B1
/pɹəˈsid/
To move, pass, or go forward or onward; to advance; to carry on.
process
B1
/ˈpɹɑ.sɛs/
a sustained phenomenon or one marked by gradual changes through a series of states
proclaim
B1
/pɹoʊˈkleɪm/
To announce or declare.
procrastination
B1
/pɹoʊˌkɹæs.tɪˈneɪ.ʃən/
The act of postponing, delaying or putting off, especially habitually or intentionally.
producer
B1
/pɹəˈdusɚ/
something that produces
productive
B1
/pɹəˈdʌk.tɪv/
producing or capable of producing, especially abundantly
profession
B1
/pɹəˈfeʃ.ən/
affirmation of acceptance of some religion or faith
professor
B1
/pɹəˈfɛs.ɚ/
The most senior rank for an academic at a university or similar institution.
progress
B1
/ˈpɹɑ.ɡɹɛs/
a movement forward
prohibition
B1
/ˌpɹoʊ(h)ɪˈbɪʃən/
the action of prohibiting or inhibiting or forbidding (or an instance thereof)
prominent
B1
/ˈpɹɑmɪnənt/
Standing out, or projecting; jutting; protuberant.
promote
B1
/pɹəˈmoʊt/
To raise (someone) to a more important, responsible, or remunerative job or rank.
promotion
B1
/pɹəˈmoʊʃn̩/
An advancement in rank or position.
pronoun
B1
/ˈpɹoʊ.naʊn/
A type of word that refers anaphorically to a noun or noun phrase, but which cannot ordinarily be preceded by a determiner and rarely takes an attributive adjective.
proof
B1
/pɹuf/
any factual evidence that helps to establish the truth of something
properly
B1
/ˈpɹɒp.li/
in the right manner
property
B1
/ˈpɹɑpɚti/
a construct whereby objects or individuals can be distinguished
proportion
B1
/pɹəˈpɔɹʃən/
harmonious arrangement or relation of parts or elements within a whole, as in a design
proposal
B1
/pɹəˈpoʊzəl/
the act of making a proposal
propose
B1
/pɹəˈpoʊz/
present for consideration, examination, or criticism
prosperity
B1
/pɹɑˈspɛɹ.ɪ.ti/
The condition of being prosperous: having good fortune and a fortune.
prosperous
B1
/ˈpɹɑs.pə.ɹəs/
Characterized by success.
protect
B1
/pɹəˈtɛkt/
shield from danger, injury, destruction, or damage
protection
B1
/pɹəˈtɛkʃn̩/
payment extorted by gangsters on threat of violence
protective
B1
/pɹəˈtɛk.tɪv/
intended or adapted to afford protection of some kind
protest
B1
/ˈpɹoʊ.tɛst/
a formal and solemn declaration of objection
proud
B1
/ˈpɹæʊ̯d/
Feeling honoured (by something); feeling happy or satisfied about an event or fact; gratified.
prove
B1
/pɹuːv/
obtain probate of
proverb
B1
/ˈpɹɑvɝb/
A commonly used sentence expressing popular wisdom.
provided
B1
/prəˈvaɪdəd/
Only if (the stipulation that follows is true).
psychological
B1
/ˌsaɪ.kəˈlɑː.d͡ʒɪ.kl̩/
mental or emotional as opposed to physical in nature
pub
B1
/pʊb/
A public house where beverages, primarily alcoholic, may be bought and consumed, also providing food and sometimes entertainment such as live music or television.
public transport
B1
publicly
B1
/ˈpʌblɪkli/
by the public or the people generally
publisher
B1
/ˈpʌblɪʃɚ/
A person or (especially) a company who publishes, especially books.
pullover
B1
/ˈpʊləʊvə(ɹ)/
An instance of a vehicle being pulled over.
pump
B1
/pʌmp/
question persistently
punish
B1
/ˈpʌnɪʃ/
impose a penalty on
punishment
B1
/ˈpʌnɪʃmənt/
The act (action) or process of punishing, imposing and/or applying a sanction, typically by an authority or a person in authority (for example: a parent or teacher), especially when disappointed or dissatisfied with the behavior or actions of a child, student, or someone else being looked after.
pupil
B1
/ˈpjuːpəl/
A learner at a school under the supervision of a teacher.
puppy
B1
/ˈpʌpi/
A woman’s breast.
pure
B1
/ˈpjʊə(ɹ)/
in a state of sexual virginity
purify
B1
/ˈpjʊɹɪfaɪ/
remove impurities from, increase the concentration of, and separate through the process of distillation
purse
B1
/pɜɹs/
a sum of money offered as a prize
puzzle
B1
/ˈpɐz.əl/
a particularly baffling problem that is said to have a correct solution
quake
B1
/ˈkweɪk/
shaking and vibration at the surface of the earth resulting from underground movement along a fault plane of from volcanic activity
qualified
B1
/ˈkwɑ.lɪ.faɪd/
contingent on something else
qualify
B1
/ˈkwɑ.lɪ.faɪ/
make more specific
quantity
B1
/ˈkwɑn(t)ɪti/
how much there is or how many there are of something that you can quantify
question mark
B1
questionnaire
B1
/ˌkwɛs.t͡ʃəˈnɛɹ/
a form containing a set of questions
queue
B1
/kju/
A line of people, vehicles or other objects, usually one to be dealt with in sequence (i.e., the one at the front end is dealt with first, the one behind is dealt with next, and so on), and which newcomers join at the opposite end (the back).
race
B1
/ˈreɪs/
a contest of speed
racial
B1
/ˈɹeɪʃəl/
of or characteristic of race or races or arising from differences among groups
radiation
B1
/ˌɹæɪ.diˈæɪ.ʃən/
the treatment of disease, especially cancer, by exposure to a radioactive substance
rage
B1
/ɹeɪd͡ʒ/
violent state of the elements
rail
B1
/ɹeɪ(ə)l/
short for railway
railroad
B1
/ˈɹeɪlɹoʊd/
a line of track providing a runway for wheels
railway
B1
/ˈɹeɪlˌweɪ/
A transport system using rails used to move passengers or goods.
rainfall
B1
/ˈreɪnˌfɔl/
water falling in drops from vapor condensed in the atmosphere
rainforest
B1
/ˈɹeɪn.fɔɹ.ɪst/
A forest in a climate with high annual rainfall and no dry season.
rank
B1
/ˈɹæŋk/
growing profusely
rapid
B1
/ˈræpəd/
done or occurring in a brief period of time
rapidly
B1
/ˈɹæpɪdli/
With speed; in a rapid manner.
rare
B1
/ɹɛ/
not widely distributed
rarely
B1
/ˈɹɛəɹli/
not often
raspberry
B1
/ˈɹæzbɹi/
Containing or having the flavor/flavour of raspberries.
ration
B1
/ˈɹæʃən/
the food allowance for one day (especially for service personnel)
rational
B1
/ˈɹæʃ(ə)nəl/
having its source in or being guided by the intellect (as distinguished from experience or emotion)
razor
B1
/ˈɹeɪzɚ/
Any tool or instrument designed for shaving.
react
B1
/ɹiːˈækt/
undergo a chemical reaction
realistic
B1
/ˌɹɪəˈlɪs.tɪk/
aware or expressing awareness of things as they really are
reality
B1
/ɹiˈæləti/
the state of being actual or real
rearrange
B1
/ˌɹiːəˈɹeɪndʒ/
put into a new order or arrangement
reasonable
B1
/ˈɹi.zə.nə.bəl/
Having the faculty of reason; rational, reasoning.
rebuild
B1
/ɹiːˈbɪld/
build again
recall
B1
/ɹɪˈkɔl/
the process of remembering, especially the process of recovering information by mental effort
reception
B1
/ɹɪˈsɛp.ʃn̩/
(American football) the act of catching a pass in football
recite
B1
/ɹɪˈsaɪt/
repeat aloud from memory
reclaim
B1
/riːˈkleɪm/
To return someone to a proper course of action, or correct an error; to reform.
recognize
B1
/ˈɹɛk.əɡ.naɪz/
To match (something or someone which one currently perceives) to a memory of some previous encounter with the same person or thing.
recommend
B1
/ˌrɛkəˈmɛnd/
make attractive or acceptable
recording
B1
/ɹɪˈkɔː(ɹ)dɪŋ/
the act of making a record, especially an audio record
recover
B1
/ɹɪˈkʌvɚ/
regain a former condition after a financial loss
recovery
B1
/ɹɪˈkʌvəɹi/
return to an original state
recycled
B1
/riːˈsaɪkəld/
That has been through a recycling process.
recycling
B1
/riːˈsaɪkəlɪŋ/
Those materials culled for recycling.
reduce
B1
/ɹɪˈd͡ʒuːs/
narrow or limit
reduction
B1
/ɹɪˈdak.ʃən/
the act of reducing complexity
reef
B1
/ɹiːf/
lower and bring partially inboard
referee
B1
/ˌɹɛfəˈɹiː/
An umpire or judge; an official who makes sure the rules are followed during a game.
reflection
B1
/ɹɪˈflɛkʃən/
the image of something as reflected by a mirror or other reflective material
refreshments
B1
/rəˈfrɛʃmənts/
plural of refreshment
refund
B1
/ɹɪˈfʌnd/
pay back
refusal
B1
/ɹɪˈfjuːzl̩/
The act of refusing.
refuse
B1
/ˈɹɛfjuːs/
refuse to accept
regain
B1
/ɹiːˈɡeɪn/
To get back; to recover possession of.
regard
B1
/ɹɪˈɡɑɹd/
a polite expression of desire for someone's welfare, usually plural
regarding
B1
/ɹɪˈɡɑɹdɪŋ/
Concerning, respecting.
region
B1
/ˈɹiːd͡ʒn̩/
a part of an animal that has a special function or is supplied by a given artery or nerve
regional
B1
/ˈɹiːd͡ʒənəl/
related or limited to a particular region
register
B1
/ˈɹɛd͡ʒ.ɪ.stɚ/
enter into someone's consciousness
registration
B1
/ˌɹed͡ʒ.ɪˈstɹæɪ.ʃən/
The act of signing up or registering for something.
regulation
B1
/ˌɹɛɡjʊˈleɪʃən/
prescribed by or according to regulation
reject
B1
/ɹɪˈd͡ʒɛkt/
refuse to accept or acknowledge
relate
B1
/rɪˈleɪt/
give an account of
relation
B1
/ɹəˈlæ̝ɪʃ(ə)n/
(usually plural) mutual dealings or connections among persons or groups
relationship
B1
/ɹəˈleɪʃ(ə)nˌʃɪp/
a state of connectedness between people, especially an emotional connection
relative
B1
/ˈɹɛl.ə.tɪv/
a person related by blood or marriage
relatively
B1
/ˈɹɛl.ə.tɪv.li/
In a relative manner; with reference to environment or competition; contextually or comparatively.
relaxing
B1
/rɪˈlæksɪŋ/
Conducive to relaxation; helping one to relax.
reliable
B1
/ɹɪˈlaɪəbl̩/
worthy of reliance or trust
religion
B1
/ɹəˈləd͡ʒ.ən/
an institution to express belief in a divine power
religious
B1
/rɪˈlɪdʒəs/
of or relating to clergy bound by monastic vows
rely
B1
/ɹɪˈlaɪ/
To trust; to have confidence in; to depend.
remainder
B1
/ɹəˈmeɪndɚ/
something left after other parts have been taken away
remark
B1
/ɹɪˈmɑɹk/
explicit notice
remarkable
B1
/ɹɪˈmɑɹ.kə.bl̩/
unusual or striking
remedy
B1
/ˈɹɛmədi/
provide relief for
remembrance
B1
/riːˈmɛmbrəns/
The act of remembering; a holding in mind, or bringing to mind; recollection.
remote control
B1
remove
B1
/ɹɪˈmuv/
shift the position or location of, as for business, legal, educational, or military purposes
renew
B1
/ɹəˈnjuː/
reestablish on a new, usually improved, basis or make new or like new
repay
B1
/ɹiˈpeɪ/
Synonym of pay back in all senses.
repeatedly
B1
/ɹɪˈpiːtɪdli/
several time
representative
B1
/ˌɹɛpɹɪˈzɛnt(ət)ɪv/
being or characteristic of government by representation in which citizens exercise power through elected officers and representatives
reproduce
B1
/ˌɹi.pɹəˈdus/
make a copy or equivalent of
republic
B1
/ɹɪˈpʌb.lɪk/
a form of government whose head of state is not a monarch
reputation
B1
/ˌɹɛpjʊˈteɪʃən/
the general estimation that the public has for a person
require
B1
/ɹɪˈkwaɪɹ/
To demand, to insist upon (having); to call for authoritatively.
requirement
B1
/ɹɪˈkwaɪɹmənt/
required activity
rescue
B1
/ˈɹɛs.kju/
take forcibly from legal custody
researcher
B1
/ˈɹiˌsɝ.t͡ʃɚ/
One who researches.
resemble
B1
/ɹɪˈzembəl/
To be like or similar to (something); to represent as similar.
reservation
B1
/ˌɹɛz.ɚˈveɪ.ʃən/
the act of reserving a place or passage or engaging the services of a person or group
reserve
B1
/ɹɪˈzɝv/
obtain or arrange in advance
resident
B1
/ˈɹɛzɪd(ə)nt/
living in a particular place
residential
B1
/ˌrɛzɪˈdɛnʃəl/
used or designed for residence or limited to residences
resist
B1
/ɹɪˈzɪst/
withstand the force of something
resolve
B1
/ɹɪˈzɑlv/
reach a decision
resort
B1
/ɹɪˈzɔːt/
have recourse to
resource
B1
/ˈɹisɔɹs/
a source of aid or support that may be drawn upon when needed
respect
B1
/ɹɪˈspɛkt/
(usually preceded by `in') a detail or point
respectable
B1
/[ɹɪˈspɛk.tə.bl̩]/
deserving of esteem and respect
respond
B1
/ɹɪˈspɑnd/
respond favorably or as hoped
responsibility
B1
/ɹɪˌspɑn.səˈbɪl.ə.ti/
The state of being responsible, accountable, or answerable.
responsible
B1
/ɹɪˈspɑn.sə.bəl/
being the agent or cause
rest
B1
/ɹɛst/
a support on which things can be put
restore
B1
/ɹɪˈstoɹ/
bring back into original existence, use, function, or position
restrict
B1
/ɹɪˈstɹɪkt/
place limits on (extent or access)
retail
B1
/ˈɹiˌteɪl/
at a retail price
retain
B1
/ɹəˈteɪn/
keep in one's mind
retell
B1
/ɹiˈtɛl/
render verbally, 'recite a poem'
retrospect
B1
/ˈɹɛtɹəˌspɛkt/
contemplation of things past
reunification
B1
/riːˌuːnəfəˈkeɪʃən/
the act of coming together again
reunify
B1
/riːˈuːnəˌfaɪ/
unify again, as of a country
revise
B1
/ɹɪˈvaɪz/
make revisions in
revision
B1
/ɹəˈvɪʒ.ən/
the act of revising or altering, usually involving reconsideration and modification
reward
B1
/ɹɪˈwɔɹd/
Something of value given in return for an act.
rewrite
B1
/ˈɹi.ɹaɪt/
something that has been written again
rid
B1
/ˈrɪd/
Followed by of: to free (oneself or someone, or a place) from an annoyance or hindrance.
riddle
B1
/ˈɹɪdl̩/
set a difficult problem or riddle
ridiculous
B1
/ɹɪˈdɪk.jə.ləs/
Deserving of ridicule; foolish, absurd.
ripe
B1
/ˈraɪp/
at the highest point of development especially in judgment or knowledge
rise
B1
/ɹaɪz/
an increase in cost
risk
B1
/ɹɪsk/
a venture undertaken without regard to possible loss or injury
roadside
B1
/ˈɹoʊdsaɪd/
Located beside a road (or railway).
robot
B1
/ˈɹəʊ̯.bɒt/
A system of serfdom used in Central Europe, under which a tenant's rent was paid in forced labour.
rolling
B1
/ˈɹol.ɪŋ/
uttered with a trill
rotten
B1
/ˈɹɑtn̩/
Of perishable items, overridden with bacteria and other infectious agents.
rough
B1
/ɹɐf/
with rough motion as over a rough surface
routine
B1
/ɹuˈtin/
A set of normal procedures, often performed mechanically.
rubber
B1
/ˈɹʌbɚ/
returned for lack of funds
rubbish
B1
/ˈɹʌbɪʃ/
worthless material that is to be disposed of
rudely
B1
/ˈɹuːdli/
In a rude manner.
runaway
B1
/ˈɹʌnəweɪ/
completely out of control
runway
B1
/ˈɹʌnweɪ/
A defined, narrow section of land or an artificial structure used for access.
sacred
B1
/ˈseɪkɹɪd/
(often followed by `to') devoted exclusively to a single use or purpose or person
sadness
B1
/ˈsædnəs/
the state of being sad
safari
B1
/səˈfɑːɹ.i/
A trip into any undeveloped area to see, photograph or to hunt wild animals in their own environment.
safeguard
B1
/ˈseɪfɡɑː(ɹ)d/
Something that serves as a guard or protection; a defense.
safely
B1
/ˈseɪfli/
In a safe manner; without risk; using caution above all else.
safety
B1
/ˈseɪfti/
a safe place
salesman
B1
/ˈseɪlzmən/
A man whose job it is to sell things, either in a shop / store or elsewhere.
salmon
B1
/ˈsæmən/
One of several species of fish, typically of the Salmoninae subfamily, brownish above with silvery sides and delicate pinkish-orange flesh; they ascend rivers to spawn.
sand
B1
/ˈsænd/
rub with sandpaper
sandal
B1
/ˈsændəl/
sandalwood
satellite
B1
/ˈsætəˌlaɪt/
surrounding and dominated by a central authority or power
satisfaction
B1
/sætɪsˈfækʃən/
act of fulfilling a desire or need or appetite
satisfied
B1
/ˈsætɪsfaɪd/
filled with satisfaction
saucepan
B1
/ˈsɔsˌpæn/
A pot-shaped asterism in the constellation Orion, consisting of Orion's Belt, Orion's Sword, and the star Eta Orionis.
saucer
B1
/ˈsɔ.səɹ/
An object round and gently curved, shaped like a saucer.
scan
B1
/skæn/
an image produced by scanning
scare
B1
/skɛɚ/
A minor fright.
scared
B1
/skɛ(ə)ɹd/
Feeling fear; afraid, frightened.
scary
B1
/ˈskɛə.ɹi/
provoking fear terror
scatter
B1
/ˈskætɚ/
distribute loosely
scenic
B1
/ˈsiːnɪk/
of or relating to the stage or stage scenery
scholar
B1
/ˈskɑlɚ/
A learned person; a bookman.
scholarship
B1
/ˈskɑːləɹʃɪp/
A grant-in-aid to a student.
schoolmate
B1
/ˈskulˌmeɪt/
A person who was a fellow attendee at one's school.
schoolteacher
B1
/ˈskuːlˌtiːtʃɝ/
a teacher in a school below the college level
science fiction
B1
scold
B1
/ˈskoʊ̯ld/
censure severely or angrily
scope
B1
/ˈskoʊp/
The breadth, depth or reach of a subject; the extent of applicability or relevance; a domain, purview or remit.
score
B1
/skoɹ/
a seduction culminating in sexual intercourse
scratch
B1
/skɹæt͡ʃ/
(golf) a handicap of zero strokes
sculpture
B1
/ˈskʌlpt͡ʃɚ/
A three-dimensional work of art created by shaping malleable objects and letting them harden or by chipping away pieces from a rock (sculpting).
season
B1
/[ˈsi.zn̩]/
one of the natural periods into which the year is divided by the equinoxes and solstices or atmospheric conditions
seawater
B1
/ˈsiːˌwɑːtɝ/
Consisting of seawater.
seaweed
B1
/ˈsiwid/
Any of numerous marine algae, such as a kelp.
secondary school
B1
second-hand
B1
Alternative spelling of secondhand.
secretly
B1
/ˈsiː.kɹɪt.li/
In secret, covertly.
secure
B1
/sɪˈkjʊə(ɹ)/
free from danger or risk
security
B1
/səˈkjɔɹ.ɪˌti/
measures taken as a precaution against theft or espionage or sabotage etc.
seize
B1
/siːz/
affect
select
B1
/sɪˈlɛkt/
Privileged, specially selected.
selection
B1
/səˈlɛkʃən/
an assortment of things from which a choice can be made
selfish
B1
/ˈsɛlf.ɪʃ/
Holding one's own self-interest as the standard for decision making.
self-service
B1
/sɛlfˈsɜɹ.vɪs/
the practice of serving yourself, as in a grocery or cafeteria
sensation
B1
/sɛnˈseɪʃən/
an unelaborated elementary awareness of stimulation
separation
B1
/ˌsep.əˈɹæɪ.ʃən/
the social act of separating or parting company
sequence
B1
/ˈsi.kwəns/
the action of following in order
series
B1
/ˈsɪɹ.iz/
a serialized set of programs
serious
B1
/ˈsɪɹ.i.əs/
of great consequence
server
B1
/ˈsɝvɚ/
a person whose occupation is to serve at table, as in a restaurant
service
B1
/ˈsɝ.vɪs/
the performance of duties by a waiter or servant
session
B1
/ˈsɛʃən/
a meeting devoted to a particular activity
setting
B1
/ˈsɛtɪŋ/
the physical position of something
settle
B1
/ˈsɛtəl/
bring to an end
settlement
B1
/ˈsɛ.təl.mənt/
The act of settling.
settler
B1
/ˈsɛt.lɚ/
Someone who settles in a new location; especially one who takes up residence in a previously uninhabited place.
severe
B1
/sɪˈvɪɹ/
very bad in degree or extent
severely
B1
/səˈvɪrli/
In a severe manner.
sex
B1
/sɛks/
activities associated with sexual intercourse; most commonly referring to genital to genital insertive intercourse, but variously defined as including oral stimulation, non-insertive sex, and more
shadowy
B1
/ˈʃæd.oʊ.i/
lacking in substance
shallow
B1
/ˈʃæl.oʊ/
become shallow
shame
B1
/ʃeɪm/
a state of dishonor
shameful
B1
/ˈʃeɪmfəl/
(used of conduct or character) deserving or bringing disgrace or shame
sharp
B1
/ʃɑɹp/
changing suddenly in direction and degree
shave
B1
/ʃeɪv/
touch the surface of lightly
sheer
B1
/ʃɪɚ/
directly, straight
sheet
B1
/ʃit/
any broad thin expanse or surface
shelter
B1
/ˈʃɛltəɹ/
invest money so that it is not taxable
sheriff
B1
/ˈʃɛɹɪf/
the principal law-enforcement officer in a county
shift
B1
/ˈʃɪft/
the act of changing one thing or position for another
shiny
B1
/ˈʃaɪ.ni/
Reflecting light.
shiver
B1
/ˈʃɪvɚ/
shake, as from cold
shocked
B1
/ˈʃɑːkt/
Surprised, startled, confused, or taken aback, particularly when also indignant.
shocking
B1
/ˈʃɑkɪŋ/
Extremely bad.
shopper
B1
/ˈʃɔp.ə/
A person who shops.
shortage
B1
/ˈʃɔː(ɹ)tɪd͡ʒ/
A lack or deficiency; an insufficient amount.
shortly
B1
/ˈʃɔɹtli/
for a short time
shrimp
B1
/ʃɹɪmp/
Any of many swimming, often edible, crustaceans, chiefly of the infraorder Caridea or the suborder Dendrobranchiata, with slender legs, long whiskers and a long abdomen.
sickness
B1
/ˈsɪknɪs/
defectiveness or unsoundness
sidewalk
B1
/ˈsaɪdwɔk/
A paved footpath located at the side of a road, for the use of pedestrians.
sigh
B1
/saɪ/
a sound like a person sighing
signal
B1
/ˈsɪɡnəl/
notably out of the ordinary
signature
B1
/ˈsɪɡ.nə.t͡ʃɚ/
a sheet with several pages printed on it
significance
B1
/səgˈnɪfɪkəns/
the quality of being significant
signpost
B1
/ˈsaɪnˌpoʊst/
A post bearing a sign that gives information on directions.
silent
B1
/ˈsaɪlənt/
having a frequency below or above the range of human audibility
silk
B1
/sɪlk/
A fine fiber excreted by the silkworm or other arthropod (such as a spider).
similarity
B1
/ˌsɪm.əˈlæɹ.ə.ti/
The relation of sharing properties.
similarly
B1
/ˈsɪm.əli/
in like or similar manner
simplify
B1
/ˈsɪmplɪfaɪ/
make simpler or easier or reduce in complexity or extent
simultaneously
B1
/ˌsaɪmlˈteɪnɪəsli/
at the same instant
skeleton
B1
/ˈskɛlətən/
the internal supporting structure that gives an artifact its shape
skin
B1
/skɪn/
an outer surface (usually thin)
skyscraper
B1
/ˈskaɪˌskɹeɪpɚ/
A very tall building with a large number of floors.
slavery
B1
/ˈsleɪvəɹi/
An institution or social practice of owning human beings as property, especially for use as forced laborers.
sleeve
B1
/ˈsliːv/
The part of a garment that covers the arm.
slight
B1
/slaɪt/
lacking substance or significance
slightly
B1
/ˈslaɪtli/
Slenderly; delicately.
slip
B1
/slɪp/
the act of avoiding capture, especially by cunning
slogan
B1
/ˈsloʊɡən/
A distinctive phrase of a person or group of people (such as a movement or political party); a motto.
slope
B1
/sloʊp/
an elevated geological formation
slot
B1
/slɑt/
a small slit, as for inserting a coin or depositing mail
smoker
B1
/ˈsmoʊkɚ/
A person who smokes tobacco habitually.
sneeze
B1
/sniːz/
exhale spasmodically, as when an irritant entered one's nose
snowboard
B1
/ˈsnoʊˌbɔɹd/
glide down a snow-covered slope while standing on a board
snowstorm
B1
/ˈsnəʊstɔːm/
Bad weather involving blowing winds and snow, or blowing winds and heavy snowfall amount.
soap opera
B1
social networking
B1
socially
B1
/ˈsoʊʃəli/
in a social manner
soil
B1
/sɔɪl/
the geographical area under the jurisdiction of a sovereign state
solid
B1
/ˈsɑ.lɪd/
impenetrable for the eye
somehow
B1
/ˈsʌmhaʊ/
for some unspecified reason
someplace
B1
/ˈsʌmˌpleɪs/
Somewhere.
sometime
B1
/ˈsʌmˌtaɪm/
at some indefinite or unstated time
sometimes
B1
/ˈsʌm.taɪmz/
on certain occasions or in certain cases but not always
soothe
B1
/suːð/
cause to feel better
sophomore
B1
/ˈsɑf.mɔɹ/
The second in a series, especially, the second of an artist’s albums or the second of four years in a high school (tenth grade) or university.
sore
B1
/soɹ/
causing misery or pain or distress
sorrow
B1
/ˈsɑɹoʊ/
an emotion of great sadness associated with loss or bereavement
sort
B1
/soɹt/
an approximate definition or example
soul
B1
/soʊl/
the human embodiment of something
sour
B1
/[ˈsɑːə]/
inaccurate in pitch
southeast
B1
/ˌsaʊˈθiːst/
coming from the southeast
southern
B1
/ˈsʌðɚn/
situated in or oriented toward the south
southwest
B1
/saʊθˈwɛst/
coming from the southwest
souvenir
B1
/ˈsu.vəˌnɪɹ/
An item of sentimental value, that is given or kept to remember an event or location.
sparkle
B1
/ˈspɑɹ.kəl/
merriment expressed by a brightness or gleam or animation of countenance
specialist
B1
/ˈspɛʃəlɪst/
Specialised, involving detailed knowledge of a restricted topic.
specialize
B1
/ˈspɛʃəˌlaɪz/
become more focus on an area of activity or field of study
specially
B1
/ˈspɛʃəli/
in a special manner
spectacular
B1
/spɛkˈtæk.jə.lɚ/
characteristic of spectacles or drama
spectator
B1
/ˈspɛkteɪtɚ/
One who watches an event; especially, an event held outdoors.
spelling
B1
/ˈspɛlɪŋ/
present participle and gerund of spell
sphere
B1
/sfɪɚ/
a particular environment or walk of life
spice
B1
/spaɪs/
Aromatic or pungent plant matter (usually dried) used to season or flavor food.
spicy
B1
/ˈspaɪsi/
Of, pertaining to, or containing spice.
spider
B1
/ˈspaɪ̯dɚ/
Any of various eight-legged, predatory arthropods, of the order Araneae, most of which spin webs to catch prey.
spinach
B1
/spɪˈnætʃ/
A particular edible plant, Spinacia oleracea, or its leaves.
spiral
B1
/ˈspɑɪɹəl/
form a spiral
spirit
B1
/ˈspɪɹɪt/
the state of a person's emotions, especially with regard to pleasure or dejection
spiritual
B1
/ˈspɪɹɪt͡ʃuəl/
lacking material body or form or substance
spoil
B1
/spɔɪl/
the act of spoiling something by causing damage to it
sponge
B1
/spʌnd͡ʒ/
someone able to acquire new knowledge and skills rapidly and easily
sponsor
B1
/ˈspɑn.sɚ/
assume responsibility for or leadership of
sports
B1
/spɔɹts/
To participate in sports; typically used by a person with little interest in the subject to derisively elide details of the activity in question.
sportsmanship
B1
/ˈspɔrtsmənˌʃɪp/
The behaviour exhibited in playing sports, either good or bad.
stable
B1
/ˈsteɪbəl/
resistant to change of position or condition
stall
B1
/stɔl/
a malfunction in the flight of an aircraft in which there is a sudden loss of lift that results in a downward plunge
standard
B1
/ˈstændɚd/
commonly used or supplied
stare
B1
/stɛɚ/
a fixed look with eyes open wide
status
B1
/ˈsteɪt.əs/
the relative position or standing of things or especially persons in a society
steadily
B1
/ˈstɛdɪli/
at a steady rate or pace
steady
B1
/ˈstɛdi/
not easily excited or upset
steam
B1
/stiːm/
cook something by letting steam pass over it
steel
B1
/stiːl/
An artificial metal produced from iron, harder and more elastic than elemental iron; used figuratively as a symbol of hardness.
steep
B1
/stiːp/
having a sharp inclination
stem
B1
/stɛm/
(linguistics) the form of a word after all affixes are removed
stick
B1
/ˈstɪk/
threat of a penalty
sticker
B1
/ˈstɪkɚ/
Something or someone that sticks (pierces, or adheres).
sticky
B1
/ˈstɪki/
having the properties of an adhesive
stir
B1
/stɝ/
affect emotionally
storage
B1
/ˈstɔɹ.ɪd͡ʒ/
The act of storing goods; the state of being stored.
stormy
B1
/ˈstɔɹmi/
affected or characterized by storms or commotion, especially of weather
storyteller
B1
/ˈstɔriːˌtɛlɝ/
A person who relates stories through one medium or another to an audience.
strain
B1
/stɹeɪn/
(biology) a group of organisms within a species that differ in trivial ways from similar groups
strangely
B1
/ˈstɹeɪnd͡ʒli/
In a strange or coincidental manner.
strategic
B1
/stɹəˈti.dʒɪk/
highly important to or an integral part of a strategy or plan of action especially in war
straw
B1
/stɹɔ/
of a pale yellow color like straw
strawberry
B1
/ˈstɹɔˌbɛɹi/
The sweet, usually red, edible accessory fruit of certain plants of the genus Fragaria.
stream
B1
/stɹiːm/
a steady flow of a fluid (usually from natural causes)
strengthen
B1
/ˈstɹɛŋ(k)θən/
gain strength
stress
B1
/stɹɛs/
the relative prominence of a syllable or musical note, especially with regard to stress or pitch
stressed
B1
/stɹɛst/
bearing a stress or accent
stressful
B1
/ˈstɹɛsfəl/
Irritating; causing stress.
stretch
B1
/stɹɛt͡ʃ/
easily stretched
stricken
B1
/ˈstɹɪkən/
Struck by something.
strip
B1
/stɹɪp/
a form of erotic entertainment in which a dancer gradually undresses to music
stripe
B1
/stɹaɪp/
a narrow marking of a different color or texture from the background
struggle
B1
/ˈstrʌgəl/
strenuous effort
stubborn
B1
/ˈstʌbɚn/
not responding to treatment
stuck
B1
/stʌk/
caught or fixed
studio
B1
/ˈstjuːdiəʊ/
workplace for the teaching or practice of an art
stuffed
B1
/stʌft/
filled with something
stumble
B1
/ˈstʌmbəl/
miss a step and fall or nearly fall
stun
B1
/stʌn/
make senseless or dizzy by or as if by a blow
stunning
B1
/ˈstʌnɪŋ/
strikingly beautiful or attractive
stupid
B1
/ˈst(j)yː.pɪd/
a person who is not very bright
stylish
B1
/ˈstaɪlɪʃ/
having elegance or taste or refinement in manners or dress
subconscious
B1
/sʌbˈkɑn.ʃəs/
Occuring in the part of our mind that we are not normally aware of.
submarine
B1
/sʌb.məˈɹin/
beneath the surface of the sea
substantial
B1
/səbˈstænʃəl/
fairly large
substitute
B1
/ˈsʌb.stɪ.tʃuːt/
be a substitute
suddenly
B1
/ˈsʌd.ən.li/
quickly and without warning
suffer
B1
/ˈsʌfɚ/
undergo injuries and illnesses
sufficient
B1
/səˈfɪʃənt/
of a quantity that can fulfill a need or requirement but without being abundant
suffix
B1
/ˈsʌfɪks/
attach a suffix to
suicide
B1
/ˈsuɪˌsaɪd/
the act of killing yourself
summarize
B1
/ˈsʌmɝˌaɪz/
be a summary of
summit
B1
/ˈsʌmət/
a meeting of heads of governments
sunbathe
B1
/ˈsʌnbeɪð/
A sunbathing session: a sunbath.
sundial
B1
/ˈsʌnˌdaɪ.əl/
A device measuring the time of day by the position of a shadow cast by a pole or plate (gnomon) upon an engraved series of marks.
sunrise
B1
/ˈsʌnɹaɪz/
The time of day when the sun appears above the eastern horizon.
sunset
B1
/ˈsʌnˌsɛt/
of a declining industry or technology
superior
B1
/sʊˈpɪɹ.i.ɚ/
(sometimes followed by `to') not subject to or influenced by
superstition
B1
/ˌs(j)u.pɚˈstɪ.ʃən/
A belief considered to be irrational, unfounded, or based solely on fear and ignorance, particularly credulous reverence towards and belief in supernatural forces.
supply
B1
/səˈplaɪ/
To provide (something), to make (something) available for use.
supporter
B1
/səˈpɔɹ.tɚ/
a person who backs a politician or a team etc.
supportive
B1
/səˈpɔɹtɪv/
furnishing support or assistance
suppose
B1
/səˈpoʊz/
to believe especially on uncertain or tentative grounds
supposedly
B1
/səˈpoʊ̯.zɪd.li/
As a matter of supposition; in the beliefs or according to the claims of some people.
surely
B1
/ˈʃɔːli/
definitely or positively (`sure' is sometimes used informally for `surely')
surface
B1
/ˈsɜɹ.fəs/
a superficial aspect as opposed to the real nature of something
surgeon
B1
/ˈsɝd͡ʒən/
One who performs surgery; a doctor who performs operations on people or animals.
surgery
B1
/ˈsɝ.d͡ʒə.ɹi/
a room where a doctor or dentist can be consulted
surprisingly
B1
/səˈpɹaɪzɪŋli/
in a surprising manner
surround
B1
/səˈɹaʊnd/
the area in which something exists or lives
surrounding
B1
/səˈɹaʊndɪŋ/
An environment.
survival
B1
/sɚˈvaɪ.vəl/
The fact or act of surviving; continued existence or life.
survivor
B1
/sɚˈvaɪvɚ/
an animal that survives in spite of adversity
suspect
B1
/səˈspɛkt/
imagine to be the case or true or probable
suspicion
B1
/səˈspɪʃ.ən/
the state of being suspected
swarm
B1
/swɔɹm/
a group of many things in the air or on the ground
swear
B1
/ˈswɛɚ/
to declare or affirm solemnly and formally as true
sweatshirt
B1
/ˈswɛtʃəːt/
cotton knit pullover with long sleeves worn during athletic activity
swell
B1
/swɛl/
expand abnormally
swimmer
B1
/ˈswɘm.ɘː/
a person who travels through the water by swimming
switch
B1
/swɪt͡ʃ/
the act of changing one thing or position for another
swollen
B1
/ˈswoʊ.lən/
Protuberant or abnormally distended (as by injury or disease).
sword
B1
/[sɔɹd]/
A long bladed weapon with a grip and typically a pommel and crossguard (together forming a hilt), which is designed to cut, stab, slash and/or hack.
sympathy
B1
/ˈsɪm.pəθ.i/
A feeling of pity or sorrow for the suffering or distress of another.
symptom
B1
/ˈsɪm(p)təm/
A perceived change in some function, sensation or appearance of a person that indicates a disease or disorder, such as fever, headache or rash; strictly, a symptom is felt or experienced by the patient, while a sign can be detected by an observer.
syndrome
B1
/ˈsɪndɹoʊm/
a complex of concurrent things
systematic
B1
/ˌsɪs.təˈmæt.ɪk/
characterized by order and planning
tablet
B1
/ˈtæblət/
a small flat compressed cake of some substance
takeaway
B1
/ˈteɪkəweɪ/
prepared food that is intended to be eaten off of the premises
takeoff
B1
/ˈteɪˌkɔf/
A launch or ascent into the air or into flight, such as of an aircraft, rocket, bird, high-jumper etc.
tale
B1
/ˈteːl/
A rehearsal of what has occurred; narrative; discourse; statement; history; story.
talented
B1
/ˈtæləntɪd/
Endowed with one or more talents.
talkative
B1
/ˈtɔ.kə.ɾɪv/
Tending to talk a lot.
tank
B1
/ˈtæŋk/
a large, usually metallic vessel for holding gases or liquids
taste
B1
/teɪst/
delicate discrimination, especially of aesthetic values
tasteless
B1
/ˈteɪstləs/
Having no flavour; bland; insipid.
tasty
B1
/ˈteɪsti/
pleasing to the sense of taste
tax
B1
/tæks/
make a charge against or accuse
teaching
B1
/ˈtiːt͡ʃɪŋ/
the profession of a teacher
teammate
B1
/ˈtiːmˌmeɪt/
a fellow member of a team or group
teamwork
B1
/ˈtiːmˌwɝːk/
cooperative work done by a team (especially when it is effective)
tease
B1
/tiːz/
the act of harassing someone playfully or maliciously
technique
B1
/tɛkˈniːk/
The practical aspects of a given art, occupation etc.; formal requirements.
technological
B1
/ˌtɛk.nəˈlɑ.dʒɪ.kəl/
based in scientific and industrial progress
teen
B1
/tiːn/
being of the age 13 through 19
telecommunications
B1
/ˌtɛləkəˌmjuːnəˈkeɪʃənz/
plural of telecommunication
telegram
B1
/ˈtɛləˌɡɹæm/
A message transmitted by telegraph.
teller
B1
/ˈtɛləɹ/
A bank clerk who receives and pays out money.
temper
B1
/ˈtɛmpɚ/
a disposition to exhibit uncontrolled anger
temporary
B1
/ˈtɛmp(əˌɹ)ɛɹi/
Not permanent; existing only for a period or periods of time.
tempt
B1
/ˈtɛmpt/
provoke someone to do something through promises or persuasion
tend
B1
/ˈtɛnd/
manage or run
tendency
B1
/ˈten.dən.si/
a general direction in which something tends to move
tense
B1
/tɛns/
cause to be uneasy or nervous or anxious
tension
B1
/ˈtɛnʃən/
the action of stretching something tight
tent
B1
/tɛnt/
a portable shelter usually of canvas stretched over supporting poles and fastened to the ground with ropes and pegs
term
B1
/tɝm/
any distinct quantity contained in a polynomial
terminal
B1
/ˈtɚmɪnəl/
causing or ending in or approaching death
terribly
B1
/ˈtɛɹ.ɪ.bli/
used as intensifiers
terrific
B1
/ˈʈɛrɨfɪk/
very great or intense
terrified
B1
/ˈtɛɹɪfaɪd/
Extremely frightened.
terror
B1
/ˈtɛɹ.ɚ/
a person who inspires fear or dread
terrorism
B1
/ˈtɛɹəɹɪzəm/
the calculated use of violence or the threat of violence against civilians in order to attain goals that are political, religious, ideological in nature
thankful
B1
/ˈθæŋkfl̩/
Showing appreciation or gratitude.
theft
B1
/ˈθɛft/
The act of stealing property.
theory
B1
/ˈθɪ.ɹi/
a belief that can guide behavior
thirst
B1
/θɝst/
strong desire for something (not food or drink)
thorough
B1
/ˈθʌɹoʊ/
painstakingly careful and accurate
threat
B1
/θɹet/
declaration of an intention or a determination to inflict harm on another
threatening
B1
/ˈθɹɛtə.nɪŋ/
Presenting a threat, posing a likely risk of harm.
thriller
B1
/ˈθɹɪ.ləɹ/
Something that thrills.
throughout
B1
/θɹuːˈaʊt/
In every part of; all through.
thumb
B1
/ˈθʌm/
look through a book or other written material
thump
B1
/θʌmp/
a heavy dull sound, as made by impact of heavy objects
thunder
B1
/ˈθʌndɚ/
to make or produce a loud noise
thunderous
B1
/ˈθʌn.dɚ.əs/
extremely ominous
thus
B1
/ˈðʌs/
In this way or manner.
tick
B1
/tɪk/
a metallic tapping sound
tide
B1
/taɪd/
something that may increase or decrease (like the tides of the sea)
tighten
B1
/ˈtaɪ.tən/
become tight or tighter
tightly
B1
/ˈtaɪtli/
securely fixed or fastened
tile
B1
/ˈtaɪ.əl/
cover with tiles
timely
B1
/ˈtaɪmli/
done or happening at the appropriate or proper time
tin
B1
/tɪn/
preserve in a can or tin
tiny
B1
/ˈtaɪni/
Very small.
tire
B1
/ˈtaɪ̯ɚ/
hoop that covers a wheel
tiring
B1
/ˈtaɪəɹɪŋ/
That tires or tire.
tissue
B1
/ˈtɪʃ.(j)u/
create a piece of cloth by interlacing strands of fabric, such as wool or cotton
tobacco
B1
/təˈbæk.oʊ/
Leaves of Nicotiana tabacum and some other species cultivated and harvested to make cigarettes, cigars, snuff, for smoking in pipes or for chewing.
tongue
B1
/tʊŋɡ/
a manner of speaking
toothpaste
B1
/ˈtuθpeɪst/
A paste, normally used with a toothbrush, for cleaning the teeth.
tornado
B1
/tɔɹˈneɪ.doʊ/
A violent wind in the form of a mobile, rapidly rotating, funnel cloud that has contacted the ground.
toss
B1
/tɔs/
the act of throwing the ball to another member of your team
total
B1
/ˈtoʊ.tl̩/
damage beyond the point of repair
totally
B1
/ˈtoʊ.tə.li/
To the fullest extent or degree.
tourism
B1
/ˈtɔːɹɪzəm/
The act of travelling or sightseeing, particularly away from one's home.
tournament
B1
/ˈtʊɹnəmənt/
A series of games; either the same game played many times, or a succession of games related by a single theme; played competitively to determine a single winning team or individual.
trace
B1
/tɹeɪs/
an indication that something has been present
tracksuit
B1
/ˈtɹækˌsut/
A garment, usually consisting of a top and trousers (commonly known as tracksuit bottoms) worn as an outer layer by participants in sporting events such as athletics. The tracksuit is usually designed to be easily removed or replaced, before or after competing. Tracksuits have also been adopted in some cultures as leisurewear.
traditionally
B1
/tɹəˈdɪʃ.ə.nə.li/
From the beginning.
traffic jam
B1
tragedy
B1
/ˈtɹæd͡ʒɛdi/
A disastrous event, especially one involving great loss of life or injury.
tragic
B1
/ˈtɹæd͡ʒɪk/
of or relating to or characteristic of tragedy
trail
B1
/tɹeɪl/
a track or mark left by something that has passed
transfer
B1
/tɹænsˈfɚ/
someone who transfers or is transferred from one position to another
transform
B1
/tɹænsˈfɔɹm/
change in outward structure or looks
transformation
B1
/ˌtɹæns.fɔɹˈmeɪ.ʃən/
The act of transforming or the state of being transformed.
transitional
B1
/tɹænˈzɪʃənəl/
of or relating to or characterized by transition
translate
B1
/tɹænzˈleɪt/
change from one form or medium into another
transport
B1
/tɹænsˈpɔɹt/
To carry or bear from one place to another; to remove; to convey.
transportation
B1
/tɹænspɚˈteɪʃən/
The act of transporting, or the state of being transported; conveyance, often of people, goods etc.
trash
B1
/tɹæʃ/
an amphetamine derivative (trade name Methedrine) used in the form of a crystalline hydrochloride
travel agent
B1
treat
B1
/tɹiːt/
provide treatment for
treatment
B1
/ˈtɹiːtmənt/
a manner of dealing with something artistically
tremble
B1
/ˈtɹɛmbl̩/
To shake, quiver, or vibrate.
tremendous
B1
/tɹɪˈmɛndəs/
Awe-inspiring; terrific.
trend
B1
/tɹɛnd/
a general tendency to change (as of opinion)
trigger
B1
/ˈtɹɪɡɚ/
put in motion or move to act
trim
B1
/tɹɪm/
a decoration or adornment on a garment
triumph
B1
/ˈtɹaɪ.əmf/
A conclusive success following an effort, conflict, or confrontation of obstacles; victory; conquest.
tropical
B1
/ˈtɹɑ.pɪ.kəl/
relating to or situated in or characteristic of the tropics (the region on either side of the equator)
trumpet
B1
/ˈtɹʌmpɪt/
utter in trumpet-like sounds
trustworthy
B1
/ˈtɹʌstˌwɜɹ.ði/
taking responsibility for one's conduct and obligations
tumble
B1
/ˈtʌmbl̩/
put clothes in a tumbling barrel, where they are whirled about in hot air, usually with the purpose of drying
tuna
B1
/ˈtjuː.nə/
Any of several species of fish of the genus Thunnus in the family Scombridae.
turbulence
B1
/ˈtɝ.bjə.ləns/
a state of violent disturbance and disorder, as in politics or social conditions generally
turning
B1
/ˈtɝ.nɪŋ/
act of changing in practice or custom
turtle
B1
/ˈtɝtl̩/
Any land or marine reptile of the order Testudines, characterised by a protective shell enclosing its body. See also tortoise.
twin
B1
/twɪn/
grow as twins
twist
B1
/twɪst/
turning or twisting around, in place
typical
B1
/ˈtɪp.ɪ.kəl/
conforming to a type
typically
B1
/ˈtəp.ə.kə.li/
in a typical manner
unable
B1
/ʌnˈeɪbl̩/
(usually followed by `to') not having the necessary means or skill or know-how
unafraid
B1
/ʌnəˈfɹeɪd/
Not afraid.
unbelievable
B1
/ˌʌnbɪˈliːvəbl̩/
Not to be believed.
uncertainty
B1
/ʌnˈsɝtənti/
being unsettled or in doubt or dependent on chance
unclear
B1
/ʌnˈklɪɚ/
not clear to the mind
uncontrollable
B1
/ˌənkənˈtroʊləbəl/
incapable of being controlled or managed
uncover
B1
/ʌnˈkʌvɚ/
remove all or part of one's clothes to show one's body
underage
B1
/ˌʌndəɹˈeɪd͡ʒ/
Below the legal age (usually age 18) for some activity, such as consuming alcohol or engaging in sexual intercourse.
undergo
B1
/ˌʌndɚˈɡoʊ/
pass through
underneath
B1
/ˌʌndɚˈniθ/
Below; in a place beneath.
underpants
B1
/ˈʌndə(ɹ)ˌpænts/
Underwear covering the genitalia and often buttocks, usually going no higher than the navel.
undo
B1
/ʌnˈduː/
cause to become loose
undress
B1
/ʌnˈdɹɛs/
partial or complete nakedness
unemployed
B1
/ˌʌnɪmˈplɔɪd/
not engaged in a gainful occupation
unemployment
B1
/ʌn.ɪmˈplɔɪ.mənt/
the state of being unemployed or not having a job
unexpected
B1
/ʌnɪkˈspɛktɪd/
not expected or anticipated
unexpectedly
B1
/ʌnɪkˈspɛktɪdli/
In an unexpected manner.
unfairly
B1
/ənˈfɛrli/
in an unfair manner
unfit
B1
/ənˈfɪt/
below the required standards for a purpose
unfold
B1
/ʌnˈfoʊld/
open to the view
unfortunate
B1
/ʌnˈfɔɹ.t͡ʃə.nɪt/
unsuitable or regrettable
unfriendly
B1
/ʌnˈfɹɛn(d)li/
not disposed to friendship or friendliness
unheard
B1
/ʌnˈhɜː(ɹ)d/
Not heard.
unify
B1
/ˈjuːnɪfaɪ/
Become one.
uninterested
B1
/əˈnɪntrəstəd/
having no care or interest in knowing
uninteresting
B1
/əˈnɪntrəstɪŋ/
arousing no interest or attention or curiosity or excitement
union
B1
/ˈjuː.njən/
being of or having to do with the northern United States and those loyal to the Union during the American Civil War
unique
B1
/juːˈniːk/
highly unusual or rare but not the single instance
unite
B1
/juˈnaɪt/
bring together for a common purpose or action or ideology or in a shared situation
universe
B1
/ˈjuːnəˌvɝs/
everything that exists anywhere
unless
B1
/ənˈlɛs/
Except on a specified condition; if not.
unlikely
B1
/ʌnˈlaɪkli/
has little chance of being the case or coming about
unlucky
B1
/ʌnˈlʌki/
having or bringing misfortune
unpack
B1
/ʌnˈpæk/
remove from its packing
unpredictable
B1
/ˌənprɪˈdɪktəbəl/
unknown in advance
unrelated
B1
/ˌənrɪˈleɪtɪd/
Not connected or associated.
untidy
B1
/ʌnˈtaɪdi/
not neat and tidy
unusually
B1
/ʌnˈjuːʒuəli/
to a remarkable degree or extent
unwanted
B1
/ʌnˈwɒntɪd/
Not wanted; unwelcome.
unwell
B1
/ʌnˈwɛl/
Not in good health; not feeling well; somewhat ill
update
B1
/ˈʌp.deɪt/
modernize or bring up to date
uplifted
B1
/ˈʌplɪftɪd/
Lifted upwards, raised.
upload
B1
/əpˈləʊd/
To transfer data to a computer on a network, especially to a server on the Internet.
upper
B1
/ˈʌpɚ/
higher in place or position
up-to-date
B1
/ˌʌp tə ˈdeɪt/
reflecting the latest information or changes
upward
B1
/ˈʌpwɚd/
directed up
urge
B1
/ɝd͡ʒ/
a strong restless desire
urgent
B1
/ˈɝ.d͡ʒənt/
Requiring immediate attention.
usage
B1
/ˈjuːsɪd͡ʒ/
the customary manner in which a language (or a form of a language) is spoken or written
used to
B1
useless
B1
/ˈjuːs.ləs/
having no beneficial use or incapable of functioning usefully
vacancy
B1
/ˈvæɪkənsi/
an unoccupied position or job
vague
B1
/veɪɡ/
Not clearly expressed; stated in indefinite terms.
vain
B1
/ven/
Overly proud of oneself, especially concerning appearance; having a high opinion of one's own accomplishments with slight reason.
valuable
B1
/ˈvælju(ə)bl̩/
having great material or monetary value, especially for use or exchange
van
B1
/væn/
A covered motor vehicle used to carry goods or (normally less than ten) persons, usually roughly cuboid in shape, Depending on the type of van, it can be bigger or smaller than a pickup truck and SUV, and longer and higher than a car but relatively smaller than a truck/lorry or a bus.
variety
B1
/vəˈɹaɪ.ə.ti/
a difference that is usually pleasant
various
B1
/ˈvɛəɹi.əs/
having great diversity or variety
vary
B1
/ˈvɛəɹi/
to become different in some particular way, without permanently losing one's or its former characteristics or essence
vast
B1
/vast/
unusually great in size, amount, degree, extent, or scope
vegetarian
B1
/vɛ.d͡ʒɪˈtɛ.ɹi.ən/
A person who does not eat animal flesh, or, in some cases, use any animal products.
vehicle
B1
/ˈvi.ə.kəl/
a medium for the expression or achievement of something
vein
B1
/ven/
a blood vessel that carries blood from the capillaries toward the heart
vessel
B1
/ˈvɛs.əl/
A craft for transportation on or in water, air, or space.
vet
B1
/vɛt/
a person who has served in the armed forces
via
B1
/ˈvaɪə/
By way of; passing through.
vice
B1
/ˈvaɪs/
a specific form of evildoing
vice president
B1
victim
B1
/ˈvɪktɪm/
One that is harmed—killed, injured, subjected to oppression, deceit, or otherwise adversely affected—by someone or something, especially another person or event, force, or condition; in particular
victory
B1
/ˈvɪktəri/
a successful ending of a struggle or contest
video clip
B1
viewpoint
B1
/ˈvjuː.pɔɪnt/
a mental position from which things are viewed
violence
B1
/ˈvaɪ.(ə.)ləns/
an act of aggression, as one against a person who resists
violently
B1
/ˈvaɪ(ə)ləntli/
in a violent manner
virtual
B1
/ˈvɜɹt͡ʃuəl/
In effect or essence, rather than in fact or reality; also, imitated, simulated.
virus
B1
/ˈvaɪ.ɹəs/
a software program capable of reproducing itself and usually capable of causing great harm to files or other programs on the same computer
visa
B1
/ˈʋi.zɑ/
an endorsement made in a passport that allows the bearer to enter the country issuing it
visible
B1
/ˈvɪzɪb(ə)l/
obvious to the eye
vision
B1
/ˈvɪʒ.n̩/
the perceptual experience of seeing
visual
B1
/ˈvɪʒuəl/
visible
visually
B1
/ˈvɪzju.əli/
with respect to vision
vivid
B1
/ˈvɪvɪd/
having the highest saturation of color
vividly
B1
/ˈvɪvɪdli/
in a vivid manner
volcano
B1
/vɑlˈkeɪ.noʊ/
a fissure in the crust of a planet or moon through which molten lava and gases erupt
volume
B1
/ˈvɑ.ljum/
the magnitude of sound, usually in a specified direction
volunteer
B1
/ˌvɑlənˈtɪɹ/
tell voluntarily
vowel
B1
/ˈvaʊ.əl/
A sound produced by the vocal cords with relatively little restriction of the oral cavity, forming the prominent sound of a syllable.
voyage
B1
/ˈvɔɪ.ɪd͡ʒ/
A long journey, especially by ship.
wagon
B1
/ˈwæɡən/
A heavier four-wheeled (normally horse-drawn) vehicle designed to carry goods (or sometimes people).
ward
B1
/wɔɹd/
block forming a division of a hospital or a suite of rooms shared by patients who need a similar kind of care
wardrobe
B1
/ˈwɔɹdɹoʊb/
A movable cupboard or cabinet designed for storing clothes, particularly as a large piece of bedroom furniture.
warmly
B1
/ˈwɔɹmli/
in a warm manner
warmth
B1
/wɔɹmθ/
the quality of having a moderate degree of heat
warn
B1
/wɔɹn/
notify, usually in advance
warning
B1
/ˈwoɹnɪŋ/
notification of something, usually in advance
warranty
B1
/ˈwɔɹ.ən.ti/
A guarantee that a certain outcome or obligation will be fulfilled; security.
warrior
B1
/ˈwɔɹiɚ/
A person who is actively engaged in battle, conflict or warfare; a soldier or combatant.
washbowl
B1
a basin for washing the hands (`wash-hand basin' is a British expression)
waste
B1
/ˈweɪst/
the trait of wasting resources
wasteful
B1
/ˈweɪstfəl/
laying waste
waterfall
B1
/ˈwɔtɚfɔl/
A waterfall-like outpouring of liquid, smoke, etc.
wax
B1
/wæks/
increase in phase
weakness
B1
/ˈwik.nɪs/
powerlessness revealed by an inability to act
weapon
B1
/ˈwɛp.ən/
any instrument or instrumentality used in fighting or hunting
weather forecast
B1
webcam
B1
/ˈwɛbˌkæm/
A video camera whose output may be viewed in real time over a computer network, originally the World Wide Web.
weird
B1
/ˈwiɚd/
Having an unusually strange character or behaviour.
well-dressed
B1
Clothed or outfitted in fashionable or attractive personal apparel and attire.
westward
B1
/ˈwɛst.wɚd/
toward the west
wetland
B1
/ˈwɛtˌlænd/
Land that is covered mostly with water, with occasional marshy and soggy areas.
whale
B1
/weɪl/
Any one of numerous large marine mammals comprising an informal group within the infraorder Cetacea that usually excludes dolphins and porpoises.
whenever
B1
/wəˈnɛvɚ/
At any time that.
wherever
B1
/(h)wɛɹˈɛvɚ/
Where ever; an emphatic form of where.
whether
B1
/ˈwɛðə(ɹ)/
Introduces a simple indirect question (without a correlative).
whichever
B1
/wɪt͡ʃˈɛvɚ/
Which ever; emphatic form of 'which'.
whisper
B1
/ˈ(h)wɪspɚ/
The act of speaking in a quiet voice, especially without vibration of the vocal cords; the sound thus produced.
whistle
B1
/ˈwɪs(ə)l/
the act of signalling or summoning by whistling or blowing a whistle
whoever
B1
/huˈɛvɚ/
Who ever: an emphatic form of who.
widespread
B1
/ˌwaɪdˈspɹɛd/
widely circulated or diffused
wildlife
B1
/ˈwaɪldlaɪf/
all living things (except people) that are undomesticated
wildly
B1
/ˈwaɪldli/
to an extreme or greatly exaggerated degree
willingness
B1
/ˈwɪlɪŋnəs/
cheerful compliance
windscreen
B1
/ˈwɪn(d).skɹiːn/
A transparent screen made of glass, located at the front of a vehicle in order to protect its occupants from the wind and weather.
windsurfing
B1
A marine sport in which one stands on a floating board (typically 2 - 3 meters in length) to which a sail is attached. The board is steered by tilting the sail or banking the board. Some windsurfers use large waves to perform jumps and other stunts.
wing
B1
/ˈwɪŋɡ/
a barrier that surrounds the wheels of a vehicle to block splashing water or mud
wire
B1
/ˈwaɪɚ/
fasten with wire
wither
B1
/ˈwɪðɚ/
To shrivel, droop or dry up, especially from lack of water.
witness
B1
/ˈwɪt.nəs/
to see an event happen, to be present during something
wizard
B1
/ˈwɪz.ɚd/
Someone, usually male, who uses (or has skill with) magic, mystic items, and magical and mystical practices.
working
B1
/ˈwɝkɪŋ/
serving to permit or facilitate further work or activity
workout
B1
/ˈwɝk.aʊ̯t/
An exercise session; a period of physical exercise.
workplace
B1
/ˈwɝkˌpleɪs/
The place where someone works.
workshop
B1
/ˈwɝk.ʃɑp/
A room, especially one which is not particularly large, used for manufacturing or other light industrial work.
worn
B1
/wɔɹn/
showing the wearing effects of overwork or care or suffering
worth
B1
/wɝθ/
an indefinite quantity of something having a specified value
worthwhile
B1
/ˌwɜː(ɹ)θˈwaɪl/
sufficiently valuable to justify the investment of time or interest
worthy
B1
/ˈwɝði/
having qualities or abilities that merit recognition in some way
wound
B1
/wyːnd/
a figurative injury to feelings or pride
wrap
B1
/ɹɒp/
arrange or fold as a cover or protection
wrapping
B1
/ˈɹæp.ɪŋ/
The material in which something is wrapped.
wrist
B1
/ɹɪst/
The complex joint between forearm bones, carpus, and metacarpals where the hand is attached to the arm; the carpus in a narrow sense.
wristwatch
B1
/ˈɹɪstˌwɔt͡ʃ/
a watch that is worn strapped to the wrist
written
B1
/ˈɹɪ.tn̩/
set down in writing in any of various ways
yell
B1
/jɛl/
a loud utterance
yoga
B1
/ˈjoʊ.ɡə/
a system of exercises, focusing on breathing techniques, originally practiced as part of the Hindu religion, to promote control of the body and mind
Level B2 (2417)
abandoned
B2
/əˈbeə̯n.dənd/
forsaken by owner or inhabitants
abnormally
B2
/æbˈnɔɹ.mə.li/
in an abnormal manner
abolish
B2
/əˈbɑl.ɪʃ/
to do away with
aboriginal
B2
/ˌæb.əˈɹɪd͡ʒ.n̩.l̩/
of or pertaining to members of the indigenous people of Australia
abruptly
B2
/əˈbɹʌp.li/
In an abrupt manner; without giving notice, or without the usual forms; suddenly; precipitously.
absentee
B2
/ˌæb.sn̩ˈti/
A person who is absent from his or her employment, school, post, duty, etc.
absurd
B2
/æbˈsɚd/
inconsistent with reason or logic or common sense
abuse
B2
/əˈbjus/
cruel or inhumane treatment
accessibility
B2
/əkˌsɛs.əˈbɪl.ə.ti/
The quality of being accessible, or of admitting approach; receptiveness.
accommodation
B2
/əˌkɑ.məˈdeɪ.ʃən/
living quarters provided for public convenience
accordingly
B2
/əˈkɔɹ.dɪŋ.li/
in accordance with
accumulate
B2
/əˈkju.mjəˌleɪt/
to collect or gather
accusation
B2
/ək.jʊˈze.ʃən/
The act of accusing.
achievable
B2
/əˈt͡ʃivəbəl/
Capable of being achieved, which either means possible or probable.
acid
B2
/ˈæsəd/
having the characteristics of an acid
acquisition
B2
/ˌæk.wɪˈzɪʃ.ən/
the act of contracting or assuming or acquiring possession of something
actively
B2
/ˈæktɪvli/
in an active manner
actual
B2
/ˈækʃuəl/
presently existing in fact and not merely potential or possible
acute
B2
/əˈkjut/
having or experiencing a rapid onset and short but severe course
adaptable
B2
/əˈdæptəbəl/
capable of adapting (of becoming or being made suitable) to a particular situation or use
addict
B2
/ˈæd.ɪkt/
someone who is so ardently devoted to something that it resembles an addiction
addicted
B2
/əˈdɪktɪd/
compulsively or physiologically dependent on something habit-forming
addiction
B2
/əˈdɪkˌʃən/
A state that is characterized by compulsive drug use or compulsive engagement in rewarding behavior, despite negative consequences.
additionally
B2
/əˈdɪʃəˌnəli/
By way of addition; in addition to; also.
adequate
B2
/ˈæd.ə.kwɪt/
having the requisite qualities or resources to meet a task
adequately
B2
/ˈædəkwɪtli/
in an adequate manner or to an adequate degree
adjustment
B2
/əˈd͡ʒɐst.mənt/
The settling or balancing of a financial account.
administrative
B2
/ədˈmɪn.əˌstɹeɪ.tɪv/
Of or relating to administering or administration.
admirable
B2
/ˈæd.məɹ.ə.bəl/
inspiring admiration or deserved respect
admiringly
B2
/ədˈmaɪɹɪŋli/
with admiration
admittedly
B2
/ædˈmɪtɪdli/
As is acknowledged to be true; by general admission; confessedly.
adopted
B2
/əˈdɑptɪd/
acquired as your own by free choice
adoption
B2
/əˈdɑp.ʃən/
The act of adopting.
adore
B2
/əˈdoɹ/
to love intensely
adorn
B2
/əˈdɔɹn/
to make more attractive by adding decoration
advancement
B2
/ædˈvæns.mənt/
gradual improvement or growth or development
advent
B2
/ˈæd.vɛnt/
arrival that has been awaited (especially of something momentous)
adventurous
B2
/ædˈvɛn.t͡ʃɚ.əs/
willing to undertake or seeking out new and daring enterprises
adverse
B2
/ˈæd.və(ɹ)s/
in an opposing direction
adversely
B2
/ædˈvɝːsli/
in an negative manner
adversity
B2
/ædˈvɝ.sɪ.ti/
a state of misfortune or affliction
affectionate
B2
/əˈfɛkʃənət/
having or displaying warmth or affection
affectionately
B2
/əˈfɛkʃənətli/
In an affectionate manner.
affordable
B2
/əˈfɔɹ.də.bəl/
Able to be afforded; inexpensive or reasonably priced.
ageless
B2
/ˈeɪdʒləs/
continuing forever or indefinitely
aggressively
B2
/əˈgrɛsɪvli/
In an aggressive manner.
agonize
B2
/ˈæɡ.ɪ.naɪz/
to suffer agony or anguish
agony
B2
/ˈæɡ.ə.ni/
Extreme pain.
aircraft
B2
/ˈɛɚ.kɹæft/
A vehicle capable of atmospheric flight due to interaction with the air, such as buoyancy or lift.
aircrew
B2
/ˈɛrˌkruː/
A group of two or more trained individuals, formed as a team that operates an aircraft.
alcoholism
B2
/ˈælkə(ˌ)hɔˌlɪzəm/
A chronic disease caused by compulsive and uncontrollable consumption of alcoholic beverages, leading to addiction and deterioration in health and social functioning.
alert
B2
/əˈlɝt/
engaged in or accustomed to close observation
allegation
B2
/ˌæl.ɪˈɡæɪ.ʃən/
(law) a formal accusation against somebody (often in a court of law)
alliance
B2
/əˈlaɪ.əns/
a connection based on kinship or marriage or common interest
ally
B2
/ˈæl.aɪ/
an associate who provides cooperation or assistance
alongside
B2
/əˌlɔŋˈsaɪd/
Along the side; by the side; side by side; abreast.
alphabetical
B2
/ˌælfəˈbɛtɪkəl/
relating to or expressed by a writing system that uses an alphabet
altar
B2
/ˈɔl.tɚ/
A table or similar flat-topped structure used for religious rites.
alter
B2
/ˈɔl.təɹ/
to remove the ovaries of
alternate
B2
/ɔlʈə(r).neʈ/
to do something in turns
alternatively
B2
/ɔlˈtɝ.nə.tɪv.li/
in an alternative way
altitude
B2
/ˈælt.ɪˌtjuːd/
elevation especially above sea level or above the earth's surface
aluminum
B2
/əˈlu.mɪ.nəm/
a silvery ductile metallic element found primarily in bauxite
amaze
B2
/əˈmeɪz/
to be a mystery or bewildering to
amazement
B2
/əˈmeɪz.mənt/
The condition of being amazed; a state of overwhelming wonder, as from surprise or sudden fear, horror, or admiration; astonishment.
amazingly
B2
/əˈmeɪzɪŋli/
In an amazing manner; in a way that causes amazement; wonderfully.
ambassador
B2
/æmˈbæs.ə.dɚ/
an informal representative
ambiguity
B2
/æm.bɪˈɡjuː.ɪ.ti/
The state of being ambiguous; the state of leaving room for more than one interpretation.
ambiguous
B2
/æmˈbɪɡ.ju.əs/
open to two or more interpretations
ammonia
B2
/əˈmoʊn.jə/
A solution of this compound in water used domestically as a cleaning fluid.
amongst
B2
/əˈmɜŋst/
Denotes a mingling or intermixing with distinct or separable objects. See usage note at amidst.
ample
B2
/ˈæmpəl/
affording an abundant supply
amplifier
B2
/ˈæm.plə.faɪ.ɚ/
Anything that amplifies, or makes something larger or more intense.
amplify
B2
/ˈæm.plə.faɪ/
to increase the volume of
amuse
B2
/əˈmjuːz/
to make somebody laugh
analogy
B2
/əˈnæləd͡ʒi/
drawing a comparison in order to show a similarity in some respect
analyst
B2
/ˈænəlɪst/
A practitioner of psychoanalysis.
anchor
B2
/ˈæŋ.kɚ/
a central cohesive source of support and stability
anchorage
B2
/ˈæŋkəɹɪd͡ʒ/
the condition of being secured to a base
anchorman
B2
/ˈæŋkɝˌmæn/
a television reporter who coordinates a broadcast to which several correspondents contribute
anchorperson
B2
a television reporter who coordinates a broadcast to which several correspondents contribute
anguish
B2
/ˈæŋ.ɡwɪʃ/
to cause emotional anguish or make miserable
animate
B2
/ˈæn.ə.mət/
endowed with animal life as distinguished from plant life
anonymous
B2
/əˈnɑ.nə.məs/
having no known name or identity or known source
antiaircraft
B2
/ˌæntaɪˈɛrˌkræft/
designed for defense from a surface position against air attack
antibacterial
B2
/ˌæntiːbækˈtɪriːəl/
Killing or inhibiting bacteria.
anticancer
B2
/ˌænˌtaɪˈkænsɝ/
used in the treatment of cancer
anticipate
B2
/ænˈtɪs.ɪ.peɪt/
to be a forerunner of or occur earlier than
anticipation
B2
/ænˌtɪs.əˈpeɪ.ʃən/
something expected (as on the basis of a norm)
antipollution
B2
/æn.taɪ.pəˈluː.ʃən/
intended to reduce pollution
antistatic
B2
Preventing the buildup of static electricity.
antivirus
B2
/ˈantɪvʌɪrəs/
A piece of software that is used to detect, delete and or neutralize computer-based viruses.
apostrophe
B2
/əˈpɑs.tɹə.fi/
The text character ’, which serves as a punctuation mark in various languages and as a diacritical mark in certain rare contexts.
applicant
B2
/ˈæp.lə.kɪnt/
One who applies for something; one who makes a request; a petitioner.
appreciative
B2
/əˈpɹi.ʃətɪv/
having or showing appreciation or a favorable critical judgment or opinion
appropriately
B2
/əˈproʊpriːɪtli/
in an appropriate manner
approximate
B2
/əˈpɹɑk.sə.mət/
very close in resemblance
arch
B2
/ɑɹt͡ʃ/
behavior or attitude characteristic of those who treat others with condescension
archaeologist
B2
/ˌɑɹ.kiˈɑ.lə.d͡ʒɪst/
Someone who studies or practises archaeology.
arctic
B2
/ˈɑɹ(k)tɪk/
extremely cold
arena
B2
/əˈɹiːnə/
An enclosed area, often outdoor, for the presentation of sporting events (sports arena) or other spectacular events; earthen area, often oval, specifically for rodeos (North America) or circular area for bullfights (especially Hispanic America).
aristocracy
B2
/ˌɛɹ.ɪˈstɑ.kɹə.si/
The nobility, or the hereditary ruling class.
armful
B2
/ˈɑɹmˌfəl/
The amount an arm or arms can hold.
arouse
B2
/əˈɹæɔz/
to cause to become awake or conscious
arrogant
B2
/ˈæɹ.ə.ɡənt/
having or showing feelings of unwarranted importance out of overbearing pride
artery
B2
/ˈɑɹ.təɹ.i/
Any of the muscular- and elastic-walled blood vessels forming part of the circulation system by which blood is conveyed away from the heart regardless of its oxygenation status; see pulmonary artery.
articulate
B2
/ɑːɹˈtɪk.jə.leɪt/
expressing yourself easily or characterized by clear expressive language
artificially
B2
/ˌɑːrtəˈfɪʃəli/
In an artificial manner.
artistry
B2
/ˈɑː(ɹ)tɪstɹi/
Significant artistic skill.
ash
B2
/ˈæʃ/
to convert into ashes
aspiration
B2
/ˌæspəˈɹeɪʃən/
The act of aspiring or ardently desiring; an ardent wish or desire, chiefly after what is elevated or spiritual (with common adjunct adpositions being to and of).
aspire
B2
/əˈspaɪɚ/
to have an ambitious plan or a lofty goal
assault
B2
/əˈsɔlt/
to attack in speech or writing
assemble
B2
/əˈsɛm.bəl/
to create by putting components or members together
assembly
B2
/əˈsɛmb.li/
the social act of assembling
assert
B2
/əˈsɝt/
to forcefully claim something to be true
assess
B2
/əˈses/
to evaluate or estimate the nature, quality, ability, extent, or significance of
assessment
B2
/əˈsɛsmənt/
an amount determined as payable
assumption
B2
/əˈsʌm(p).ʃ(ə)n/
the act of taking possession of or power over something
assurance
B2
/əˈʃɔːɹəns/
a statement intended to inspire confidence
assure
B2
/əˈʃɔː(ɹ)/
to tell somebody the truth of something with the intention of giving the listener confidence
astonish
B2
/əˈstɑnɪʃ/
to affect with wonder
astonished
B2
/æ- -d/
Amazed; surprised.
astonishing
B2
/əˈstɑnɪʃɪŋ/
so surprisingly impressive as to stun or overwhelm
astonishment
B2
/əˈstɑːnɪʃmənt/
the feeling that accompanies something extremely surprising
astronomy
B2
/əˈstɹɑn.ə.mi/
The study of the physical universe beyond the Earth's atmosphere, including the process of mapping locations and properties of the matter and radiation in the universe.
athletics
B2
/æθˈlɛtɪks/
Physical activities such as sports and games requiring stamina, fitness and skill.
attached
B2
/əˈtætʃt/
used of buildings joined by common sidewalls
attainable
B2
/əˈtæɪ.nə.bəl/
capable of being attained or accomplished
attainment
B2
/əˈteɪnmənt/
arrival at a new stage
attendance
B2
/əˈtɛn.dəns/
the number of people that are present
attentive
B2
/əˈtɛntɪv/
(often followed by `to') giving care or attention
attentively
B2
/əˈtɛntɪvli/
In an attentive manner.
attractiveness
B2
/əˈtræktɪvnəs/
The state of being attractive or engaging.
attribute
B2
/ˈæt.ɹɪˌbjut/
to attribute or credit to
atypical
B2
/ˌeɪˈtɪpɪkəl/
not representative of a group, class, or type
aubergine
B2
/ˈoʊ.bɚ.ʒin/
egg-shaped vegetable having a shiny skin typically dark purple but occasionally white or yellow
audit
B2
/ˈɔ.dɪt/
a methodical examination or review of a condition or situation
audition
B2
/ɑˈdɪʃən/
to perform in order to get a role
authoritative
B2
/ɔːˈθɒɹɪtɪv/
sanctioned by established authority
authorize
B2
/ˈɔθəɹaɪz/
to grant authorization or clearance for
availability
B2
/əˌveɪ.ləˈbɪl.ɪ.ti/
The quality of being available.
await
B2
/əˈweɪt/
to look forward to the probable occurrence of
awe
B2
/ɔ/
an overwhelming feeling of wonder or admiration
ax
B2
/æks/
to terminate
axis
B2
/ˈæksɪs/
An imaginary line around which an object spins (an axis of rotation) or is symmetrically arranged (an axis of symmetry).
backup
B2
/ˈbækˌʌp/
a copy of a file or directory on a separate storage device
backward
B2
/ˈbækwɚd/
in a manner or order or direction the reverse of normal
backyard
B2
/ˈbæˌkjɑːrd/
A yard to the rear of a house or similar residence.
badge
B2
/bæd͡ʒ/
any feature that is regarded as a sign of status (a particular power or quality or rank)
bad-tempered
B2
Of or pertaining to bad temper; showing anger easily or customarily.
balanced
B2
/ˈbælənst/
being in a state of proper equilibrium
balky
B2
/ˈbɔki/
Refusing to proceed or cooperate.
ballad
B2
/ˈbæləd/
A kind of narrative poem, adapted for recitation or singing; especially, a sentimental or romantic poem in short stanzas.
ballet
B2
/bælˈeɪ/
A classical form of dance.
ballot
B2
/ˈbælət/
to vote by a document listing out options
ban
B2
/[ˈbɛən]/
to prohibit especially by legal means or social pressure
banker
B2
/ˈbæŋkɚ/
One who conducts the business of banking; one who, individually, or as a member of a company, keeps an establishment for the deposit or loan of money, or for traffic in money, bills of exchange, etc.
bankrupt
B2
/ˈbæŋk.ɹəpt/
financially ruined
bankruptcy
B2
/ˈbæŋkˌɹʌp(t).si/
inability to discharge all your debts as they come due
barbershop
B2
/ˈbɑːrbɝˌʃɑːp/
a shop where men can get their hair cut
barley
B2
/ˈbɑɹli/
a grain of barley
barn
B2
/[ˈbɑɹn]/
A building, often found on a farm, used for storage or keeping animals such as cattle.
barometer
B2
/bəˈɹɑ.mə.tɚ/
An instrument for measuring atmospheric pressure.
barren
B2
/ˈbæɹən/
completely wanting or lacking
barrier
B2
/ˈbæɹi.ɚ/
any condition that makes it difficult to make progress or to achieve an objective
bartender
B2
/ˈbɑɹˌtɛndɚ/
One who tends a bar or pub; a person preparing and serving drinks at a bar.
bathhouse
B2
/ˈbæθˌhaʊs/
A building with baths for communal use.
battlefield
B2
/ˈbætəlˌfiːld/
a region where a battle is being, or has been, fought
beagle
B2
/ˈbiːɡəl/
A person who snoops on others; a detective.
beak
B2
/ˈbiːk/
to hit lightly with a picking motion
beam
B2
/biːm/
the broad side of a ship
bearing
B2
/ˈbɛɹɪŋ/
relevant relation or interconnection
beautify
B2
/ˈbjuː.tɪ.faɪ/
to make more beautiful
bellow
B2
/ˈbɛloʊ/
a very loud utterance, similar to the sound of an animal
belongings
B2
/bɪˈlɔŋɪŋz/
plural of belonging
beneficial
B2
/ˌbɛnəˈfɪʃəl/
promoting or enhancing well-being
benevolence
B2
/bəˈnɛvələns/
Disposition to do good.
benevolent
B2
/bəˈnɛvələnt/
generous in assistance to the poor
berry
B2
/ˈbɛɹi/
to pick or gather berries
bestow
B2
/bɪˈstoʊ/
to present or grant
bestseller
B2
/ˈbɛstˈsɛlɝ/
a book that has had a large and rapid sale
betray
B2
/bɪˈtɹeɪ/
to give away information about somebody
bewilder
B2
/bɪˈwɪldɚ/
to confuse, puzzle or befuddle someone, especially with many different things
bewilderment
B2
/bɪˈwɪldəɹmənt/
The state of being bewildered.
bid
B2
/bɪd/
to ask for or request earnestly
bidding
B2
/ˈbɪdɪŋ/
a request to be present
bikini
B2
/bɪˈki.ni/
A brief two-piece bathing suit worn by women, especially one that exposes the midriff and navel.
billion
B2
/ˈbɪljən/
Either of two large amounts:
bind
B2
/ˈbaɪ̯nd/
to cause to be constipated
bio
B2
/ˈbaɪoʊ/
Clipping of biography.
biological
B2
/ˌbaɪ.əˈlɑ.d͡ʒɪ.kəl/
Of or relating to biology.
biotechnology
B2
/ˌbaɪoʊˌtɛkˈnɑːlədʒi/
the branch of molecular biology that studies the use of microorganisms to perform specific industrial processes
birdcage
B2
/ˈbɝːdkeɪdʒ/
a cage in which a bird can be kept
birthplace
B2
/ˈbɝθˌpleɪs/
where something originated or was nurtured in its early existence
bitterly
B2
/ˈbɪtəɹli/
with bitterness, in a resentful manner
bizarre
B2
/bɪˈzɑː(ɹ)/
conspicuously or grossly unconventional or unusual
blade
B2
/bleɪd/
something long and thin resembling a blade of grass
blast
B2
/blæst/
to shrivel, wither or mature imperfectly
blaze
B2
/bleɪz/
noisy and unrestrained mischief
blindly
B2
/ˈblaɪndli/
without seeing or looking
blindness
B2
/ˈblaɪndnəs/
The condition of being blind; unable to see.
blink
B2
/blɪŋk/
to briefly shut the eyes
bloodstream
B2
/ˈblʌdˌstriːm/
The flow of blood through the circulatory system of an animal
bloody
B2
/ˈblʌ.diː/
extremely, or very much
blooming
B2
/ˈbluːmɪŋ/
A euphemism for the intensifier bloody.
blossom
B2
/ˈblɑ.səm/
to develop or come to a promising stage
blur
B2
/blɝ/
a hazy or indistinct representation
blurt
B2
/ˈblɝt/
to utter impulsively
boiling
B2
/ˈbɔɪlɪŋ/
extremely
bolt
B2
/boʊlt/
a sudden abandonment, as from a political party
bombard
B2
/ˈbɑmˌbɑɹd/
to direct high energy particles or radiation against
bomber
B2
/ˈbɑmɚ/
A military aircraft designed to carry and drop bombs.
bombing
B2
/ˈbɒmɪŋ/
an attack by dropping bombs
bony
B2
/ˈboʊni/
having bones especially many or prominent bones
bookish
B2
/ˈbʊkɪʃ/
characterized by diligent study and fondness for reading
booklet
B2
/ˈbʊk.lət/
a small book usually having a paper cover
bookmark
B2
/ˈbʊk.mɑː(ɹ)k/
A strip of material used to mark a place in a book.
boost
B2
/buːst/
the act of giving a push
booth
B2
/buθ/
A temporary shelter, often in the form of a tent, shed, or canopied structure.
bossy
B2
/ˈbɔsi/
Tending to give orders to others, especially when unwarranted; domineering.
botany
B2
/ˈbɑ.tə.ni/
The plant life of a geographical area; flora.
bothered
B2
/ˈbɑːðɝd/
Caring about something; discomposed.
bothersome
B2
/ˈbɔðəsəm/
Causing trouble, annoyance, inconvenience, irritation, or perplexity.
bourbon
B2
/ˈbɜː(ɹ).bən/
A serving of bourbon whiskey.
boxer
B2
/ˈbɑksɚ/
A participant in a boxing match; a fighter who boxes.
bracket
B2
/ˈbɹækɪt/
to classify or group
brag
B2
/ˈbɹeɪ̯ɡ/
an instance of boastful talk
bravery
B2
/ˈbɹeɪ.və.ɹi/
Being brave, courageousness.
breakable
B2
/ˈbɹeɪkəbəl/
capable of being broken or damaged
breakdown
B2
/ˈbɹeɪkˌdaʊn/
a cessation of normal operation
breakup
B2
/ˈbɹeɪk.ʌp/
The act of breaking up; disintegration or division.
breathtaking
B2
/ˈbɹɛθˌteɪ.kɪŋ/
stunningly beautiful; amazing
breezy
B2
/ˈbɹiːzi/
fresh and animated
brewery
B2
/ˈbɹuːəɹi/
A building where beer is produced.
brilliantly
B2
/ˈbrɪljəntli/
in an extremely intelligent way
broadband
B2
/ˈbɹɔdbænd/
responding to or operating at a wide band of frequencies
broadcaster
B2
/ˈbɹɔdˌkæstɚ/
An organization or station that engages in the activity of such broadcasting.
broaden
B2
/[ˈbɹɑ.dn̩]/
to become wider or larger in scope
broadly
B2
/ˈbɹɔd.li/
without regard to specific details or exceptions
brochure
B2
/bɹoʊˈʃʊɚ/
A booklet of printed informational matter, like a pamphlet, often for promotional purposes.
brother-in-law
B2
/ˈbɹʌðɚ ɪn ˌlɔ/
A male relative of one's generation, separated by one degree of marriage:
browse
B2
/bɹaʊz/
vegetation such as young shoots, twigs, and leaves that is suitable for animals to eat
browser
B2
/ˈbɹaʊ.zəɹ/
One who or which browses.
bruise
B2
/ˈbruːz/
to damage by abrasion or pressure, such as plant tissue
bud
B2
/bʌd/
to start to grow or develop
bulimia
B2
/bjuˈlimi.ə/
A chronic eating disorder characterized by a binge-and-purge cycle: extreme overeating followed by self-induced vomiting.
bully
B2
/ˈbʊli/
very good, as in much better than average
bum
B2
/bʌm/
person who does no work
bumper
B2
/ˈbʌmpəɹ/
a glass filled to the brim (especially as a toast)
bun
B2
/bʌn/
A roll of hair worn at the back of the head.
burdensome
B2
/ˈbɝ.dən.səm/
Characteristic of a burden; arduous or demanding
bureaucracy
B2
/bjʊˈɹɑ.kɹə.si/
Government by bureaus or their administrators or officers.
burglary
B2
/ˈbɝ.ɡlɚ.i/
entering a building unlawfully with intent to commit a felony or to steal valuable property
burgle
B2
/ˈbɝɡl̩/
to commit a burglary
burial
B2
/ˈbɛɹiəl/
The act of burying; interment; placing remains into the earth.
bustle
B2
/ˈbʌsəl/
to move or cause to move energetically or busily
bustling
B2
/ˈbʌs(ə)lɪŋ/
full of energetic and noisy activity
buzz
B2
/bʌz/
a confusion of activity and gossip
cabinet
B2
/ˈkæb.ɪ.nɪt/
A cupboard.
cable
B2
/ˈkeɪ.bəl/
a very strong thick rope made of twisted hemp or steel wire
calmly
B2
/ˈkɑːmli/
with self-possession, especially in times of stress
campaign
B2
/kæmˈpeɪn/
a series of actions advancing a principle or tending toward a particular end
candidate
B2
/ˈkæn.dɪ.deɪt/
A person who seeks to be elected or appointed to a position or privilege.
cane
B2
/keɪn/
a stiff switch used to hit students as punishment
cannonball
B2
/ˈkænənˌbɔːl/
The act of jumping (typically into a swimming pool) with the legs bent and the arms wrapped around the knees to create a large splash, mimicking the flight and shape of a cannonball.
canon
B2
/ˈkæn.ən/
a rule or especially body of rules or principles generally established as valid and fundamental in a field or art or philosophy
capability
B2
/ˌkeɪ.pəˈbɪl.ə.ti/
the quality of being able -- physically or intellectually or legally
caption
B2
/ˈkæp.ʃən/
to provide with a caption, as of a photograph or a drawing
captive
B2
/ˈkæptɪv/
One who has been captured or is otherwise confined.
caravan
B2
/ˈkæɹəvæn/
a procession (of wagons or mules or camels) traveling together in single file
carbon
B2
/ˈkɑɹ.bən/
The chemical element (symbol C) with an atomic number of 6. It can be found in pure form for example as graphite, a black, shiny and very soft material, or diamond, a colourless, transparent, crystalline solid and the hardest known material.
carbon dioxide
B2
carbon footprint
B2
carbon monoxide
B2
cardboard
B2
/ˈkɑɹdˌbɔɹd/
without substance
cardigan
B2
/ˈkɑːrdɪgən/
A type of sweater or jumper that fastens up the front with buttons or a zipper, usually machine- or hand-knitted from wool.
carefree
B2
/ˈkɛɚfɹi/
cheerfully irresponsible
caring
B2
/ˈkɛɹ.ɪŋ/
feeling and exhibiting concern and empathy for others
carnival
B2
/ˈkɑɹnɪvəl/
Any of a number of festivals held just before the beginning of Lent.
carpool
B2
/ˈkɑːpuːl/
An arrangement whereby several people travel together in the same car in order to save costs, reduce pollution etc.
carve
B2
/kɑɹv/
to cut to pieces
cascade
B2
/kæsˈkeɪd/
a sudden downpour, as of tears or sparks, likened to a rain shower
cast
B2
/kast/
the visual appearance of something or someone
casually
B2
/ˈkæʒuəli/
in an unconcerned manner
catalog
B2
/ˈkætəlɔg/
a book or pamphlet containing an enumeration of things
catalyst
B2
/ˈkæt.ə.lɪst/
something that causes an important event to happen
catastrophe
B2
/kəˈtæstrəfi/
a state of extreme (usually irremediable) ruin and misfortune
catastrophic
B2
/ˌkætəˈstɹɑfɪk/
extremely harmful
catchy
B2
/ˈkæt͡ʃi/
likely to attract attention
categorization
B2
/ˌkæt.ə.ɡɚ.əˈzeɪ.ʃən/
The process of sorting or arranging things into categories or classes.
catering
B2
/ˈkeɪt(ə)ɹɪŋ/
The act of one who caters (to something).
cathedral
B2
/kəˈθiːdɹəl/
relating to or containing or issuing from a bishop's office or throne
cease
B2
/sis/
To stop.
ceiling
B2
/ˈsilɪŋ/
the overhead upper surface of a covered space
cellar
B2
/ˈsɛləɹ/
An enclosed underground space, often under a building, used for storage or shelter.
cellist
B2
/ˈt͡ʃɛlɪst/
Someone who plays the cello.
cello
B2
/ˈt͡ʃɛloʊ/
A large unfretted stringed instrument of the violin family with four strings tuned (lowest to highest) C-G-D-A and an endpin to support its weight, usually played with a bow.
cemetery
B2
/ˈsɛm.ɪˌtɛɹ.i/
of or relating to a cemetery
centigrade
B2
/ˈsɛntəˌgreɪd/
A centigrade scale for temperature having the freezing point of water defined as 0° and its boiling point defined as 100° at standard atmospheric pressure.
certificate
B2
/səˈtɪf.ɪ.kɪt/
to present someone with a certificate
certification
B2
/ˌsɝ.tɪ.fɪˈkeɪ.ʃən/
A professional qualification that certifies a person's ability.
certify
B2
/ˈsɝ.tɪ.faɪ/
to provide evidence for
chancellor
B2
/ˈt͡ʃænsələ/
A senior secretary or official with administrative or legal duties, sometimes in charge of some area of government such as finance or justice.
chaotic
B2
/keɪˈɑtɪk/
Filled with chaos.
charming
B2
/ˈtʃɑːrmɪŋ/
possessing or using or characteristic of or appropriate to supernatural powers
cheat
B2
/t͡ʃiːt/
to deprive somebody of something by deceit
checkpoint
B2
/ˈt͡ʃɛkˌpɔɪnt/
A point or place where a check is performed, especially a point along a road or on a frontier where travellers are stopped for inspection.
cheeky
B2
/ˈt͡ʃiːki/
Impudent; impertinent; impertinently bold, often in a way that is regarded as endearing or amusing.
cheerfully
B2
/ˈt͡ʃɪɹfəli/
in a cheerful manner
cheerfulness
B2
/ˈt͡ʃɪɹfəlnəs/
the quality of being cheerful and dispelling gloom
chemotherapy
B2
/ˌkiːməʊˈθɛɹəpi/
the use of chemical agents to treat or control disease (or mental illness)
cherished
B2
/ˈt͡ʃɛɹɪʃt/
characterized by feeling or showing fond affection for
cherry
B2
/ˈtʃɛri/
Virginity, especially female virginity as embodied by a hymen.
chew
B2
/tʃɪʊ̯/
To crush with the teeth by repeated closing and opening of the jaws; done to food to soften it and break it down by the action of saliva before it is swallowed.
childish
B2
/ˈt͡ʃaɪldɪʃ/
indicating a lack of maturity
chimney
B2
/ˈtʃɪmni/
A vertical tube or hollow column used to emit environmentally polluting gaseous and solid matter (including but not limited to by-products of burning carbon- or hydrocarbon-based fuels); a flue.
chip
B2
/t͡ʃʰɪp/
to break a small piece off from
chop
B2
/t͡ʃɑp/
a jawbone
chunk
B2
/t͡ʃʌŋk/
a substantial amount
circuit
B2
/ˈsɝ.kɪt/
(law) a judicial division of a state or the United States (so-called because originally judges traveled and held court in different locations)
circuitry
B2
/ˈsɝkətɹi/
A specific system of electrical circuits in a particular device; (uncountable) the design of such a system.
circumstance
B2
/ˈsɝ.kəmˌstæns/
formal ceremony about important occasions
citywide
B2
/ˈsɪt.iˌwaɪd/
occurring or extending throughout a city
clam
B2
/klæm/
to gather clams, by digging in the sand by the ocean
clap
B2
/klæp/
to clap one's hands together
clarify
B2
/ˈklɛɹ.ɪ.faɪ/
to make clear by removing impurities or solids, as by heating
classification
B2
/ˌklæsɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/
The act of forming into a class or classes; a distribution into groups, as classes, orders, families, etc., according to some common relations or attributes.
clause
B2
/klɔz/
A group of words that contains a subject and a verb; it may be part of a sentence or may constitute the whole sentence, depending on the syntax in each instance.
clearness
B2
/ˈklɪrnəs/
Brightness, brilliancy.
clerical
B2
/ˈklɛrəkəl/
appropriate for or engaged in office work
client
B2
/ˈklaɪ.ənt/
any computer that is hooked up to a computer network
climate change
B2
clog
B2
/klɑɡ/
to impede the motion of, as with a chain or a burden
closure
B2
/ˈkloʊ.ʒɚ/
termination of operations
clothing
B2
/ˈkloʊðɪŋ/
Any of a wide variety of articles, usually made of fabrics, animal hair, animal skin, or some combination thereof, used to cover the human body for warmth, to preserve modesty, or for fashion.
clumsy
B2
/ˈklʌmzi/
Awkward, lacking coordination, not graceful, not dextrous.
coaching
B2
/ˈkoʊtʃɪŋ/
The process by which someone is coached or tutored; instruction.
coalition
B2
/koʊ.əˈlɪʃ.ən/
A temporary group or union of organizations, usually formed for a particular advantage.
coarse
B2
/kɔɹs/
lacking refinement or cultivation or taste
coastline
B2
/ˈkoʊstˌlaɪn/
The shape, outline, or boundary of a coast. (The term coastline is generally used to describe the approximate boundaries at relatively large spatial scales.)
cocktail
B2
/ˈkɑk.teɪl/
A mixed alcoholic beverage.
cocoa
B2
/ˈkoʊ.koʊ/
A hot drink made with milk, cocoa powder, and sugar.
coconut
B2
/ˈkoʊ.kəˌnʌt/
A fruit of the coconut palm (not a true nut), Cocos nucifera, having a fibrous husk surrounding a large seed.
coherence
B2
/koʊˈhɪɹ.ən(t)s/
The quality of cohering, or being coherent; internal consistency.
coherent
B2
/koʊˈhɛɹ.ənt/
sticking together
coincide
B2
/ˌkoʊɪnˈsaɪd/
to happen simultaneously
coincidence
B2
/koʊˈɪnsɪdəns/
the temporal property of two things happening at the same time
colleague
B2
/ˈkɑliɡ/
a person who is member of one's class or profession
collector
B2
/kəˈlɛk.tɚ/
A person who or thing that collects, or which creates or manages a collection.
collocation
B2
/ˌkɑl.əˈkeɪ.ʃən/
the act of positioning close together or side by side
colon
B2
/ˈkoʊ.lən/
The punctuation mark ⟨:⟩.
colonial
B2
/kəˈloʊ.njəl/
composed of many distinct individuals united to form a whole or colony
coma
B2
/ˈkoʊmə/
a state of deep and often prolonged unconsciousness
comfortably
B2
/ˈkʌmftɚbli/
in physical comfort
commander
B2
/kəˈmændɚ/
One who exercises control and direction of a military or naval organization.
commemorate
B2
/kəˈmɛməˌɹeɪt/
to call to remembrance
commerce
B2
/ˈkɑ.mɚs/
Social intercourse; the dealings of one person or class in society with another; familiarity.
commission
B2
/kəˈmɪʃən/
a fee for services rendered based on a percentage of an amount received or collected or agreed to be paid, as distinguished from a salary
commonwealth
B2
/ˈkɑmənˌwɛlθ/
The entirety of a (secular) society, a polity, a state.
communicative
B2
/kəˈmjuː.nə.keɪ.t̬ɪv/
able or tending to transmit thoughts or feelings
community
B2
/k(ə)ˈmju.nə.ti/
a group of people living in a particular local area
commute
B2
/kəˈmjut/
a regular journey of some distance to and from your place of work
compassion
B2
/kəmˈpæʃən/
Deep awareness of the suffering of others that people have to the point of them being motivated to relieve such states.
compassionate
B2
/kəmˈpæʃənət/
showing or having compassion
compatible
B2
/kəmˈpætəbəl/
able to exist and perform in harmonious or agreeable combination
compensate
B2
/ˈkɑm.pənˌseɪt/
to make payment to
compensation
B2
/ˌkɑm.pənˈseɪ.ʃən/
The act or principle of compensating.
competence
B2
/ˈkɑm.pə.təns/
The quality or state of being competent, i.e. able or suitable for a general role.
competent
B2
/ˈkɒmpətənt/
adequate for the purpose
compile
B2
/kəmˈpɑɪl/
to put together out of existing material
completion
B2
/kəmˈpliːʃən/
The act or state of being or making something complete; conclusion, accomplishment.
complexion
B2
/kəmˈplɛkʃən/
a point of view or general attitude or inclination
complexity
B2
/kəmˈplɛk.sɪ.ti/
the quality of being intricate and compounded
component
B2
/kəmˈpoʊnənt/
an abstract part of something
comprehension
B2
/ˌkɑmpɹɪˈhɛnʃn̩/
an ability to understand the meaning or importance of something (or the knowledge acquired as a result)
comprehensive
B2
/ˌkɑm.pɹəˈhɛn.sɪv/
including all or everything
compress
B2
/kəmˈpɹɛs/
to squeeze or press together
compression
B2
/kəmˈpɹeʃ.ən/
The process by which data is compressed.
compulsory
B2
/kəmˈpʌlsəɹi/
required by rule
compute
B2
/kəmˈpjut/
To reckon, calculate.
conceal
B2
/kənˈsil/
To hide something from view or from public knowledge, to try to keep something secret.
concede
B2
/kənˈsid/
to admit to a wrongdoing
conceit
B2
/kənˈsiːt/
an artistic device or effect
conceivable
B2
/kənˈsiːvəbl̩/
Capable of being conceived or imagined.
conceive
B2
/kənˈsiːv/
to have the idea for
conception
B2
/kənˈsepʃən/
The fertilization of an ovum by a sperm to form a zygote.
concerning
B2
/kənˈsɝnɪŋ/
Causing concern; worrying.
concession
B2
/kənˈsɛʃən/
a contract granting the right to operate a subsidiary business
concrete
B2
/ˌkɑnˈkɹit/
to cover with cement
condemn
B2
/kənˈdɛm/
to declare or judge unfit for use or habitation
conductor
B2
/kənˈdʌktɚ/
One who conducts or leads; a guide; a director.
cone
B2
/ˈkoʊn/
to make cone-shaped
conference
B2
/ˈkɑn.f(ə.)ɹəns/
a prearranged meeting for consultation or exchange of information or discussion, especially one with a formal agenda
conferencing
B2
/ˈkɑːnfrənsɪŋ/
Communication among multiple participants for serious discussion.
confess
B2
/kənˈfɛs/
to admit, usually to a wrongdoing
confession
B2
/kənˈfɛʃən/
The open admittance of having done something (especially something bad).
confidently
B2
/ˈkɑnfɪdəntli/
In a confident manner; with confidence; with strong assurance; positively.
confine
B2
/kənˈfaɪn/
to restrict or confine
confront
B2
/kənˈfɹʌnt/
to deal with something unpleasant head on
conjunction
B2
/kənˈd͡ʒʌŋk.ʃn̩/
The act of joining, or condition of being joined.
conquest
B2
/ˈkɑnkwɛst/
success in mastering something difficult
conscience
B2
/ˈkɑn.ʃəns/
conformity to one's own sense of right conduct
consciousness
B2
/ˈkɑnʃəsnəs/
an alert cognitive state in which you are aware of yourself and your situation
consensus
B2
/kənˈsɛnsəs/
agreement in the judgment or opinion reached by a group as a whole
consent
B2
/kənˈsɛnt/
permission to do something
considerably
B2
/kənˈsɪdəɹəbli/
Significantly; to a degree worth considering.
considering
B2
/kənˈsɪdəɹɪŋ/
present participle and gerund of consider
consistent
B2
/kənˈsɪstənt/
in agreement with or reliable
consolation
B2
/ˌkɑn.səˈleɪ.ʃən/
the act of consoling
console
B2
/ˈkɑn.soʊl/
an ornamental scroll-shaped bracket (especially one used to support a wall fixture)
constant
B2
/ˈkɑnstənt/
steadfast in purpose or devotion or affection
consult
B2
/ˈkɑnsʌlt/
to advise professionally
consultant
B2
/kənˈsɐl.tənt/
an expert who gives advice
contaminate
B2
/kənˈtæmɪneɪt/
to make radioactive by adding radioactive material
contemporary
B2
/kənˈtɛm.pəˌɹɛɹ.i/
belonging to the present time
contempt
B2
/kənˈtɛmpt/
lack of respect accompanied by a feeling of intense dislike
contract
B2
/ˈkɑntɹækt/
a variety of the card game bridge in which the bidder receives points only for the number of tricks that have been bid
contradict
B2
/ˌkɑn.tɹəˈdɪkt/
To deny the truth or validity of (a statement or statements).
contradiction
B2
/ˌkɑːntɹəˈdɪkʃən/
the speech act of contradicting someone
contradictory
B2
/ˌkɑntɹəˈdɪktəɹi/
of words or propositions so related that both cannot be true and both cannot be false
controversy
B2
/kənˈtɹɒv.ə.si/
A debate or discussion of opposing opinions; (generally) strife.
conveniently
B2
/kənˈvinjəntli/
in a convenient manner
convention
B2
/kənˈvɛnʃən/
something regarded as a normative example
conventional
B2
/kənˈvɛnʃənl̩/
following accepted customs and proprieties
converse
B2
/kənˈvɝs/
of words so related that one reverses the relation denoted by the other
conversely
B2
/kənˈvɝsli/
with the terms of the relation reversed
conversion
B2
/kənˈvɝʒən/
a change of religion
convert
B2
/ˈkɑn.vɚt/
to change the nature, purpose, or function of something
convinced
B2
/kənˈvɪnst/
having a strong belief or conviction
cooperate
B2
/koʊˈɑ.pəˌɹeɪt/
To work or act together, especially for a common purpose or benefit.
cooperation
B2
/koʊˌɑ.pəˈɹeɪ.ʃən/
the practice of cooperating
cooperative
B2
/kuˈɑp.ɹətɪv/
done with or working with others for a common purpose or benefit
cope
B2
/ˈkoʊp/
To deal effectively with something, especially if difficult.
copper
B2
/ˈkɑpəɹ/
to coat with a layer of copper
coral
B2
/ˈkɔɚɹəl/
A somewhat yellowish orange-pink color; the color of red coral (Corallium rubrum) of the Mediterranean Sea, commonly used as an ornament or gem.
core
B2
/kɔɹ/
a small group of indispensable persons or things
cornerstone
B2
/ˈkɔrnɝˌstoʊn/
A stone forming the base at the corner of a building.
cornet
B2
/kɔɹˈnɛt/
A troop of cavalry; so called from its being accompanied by a cornet player.
corona
B2
/kəˈɹoʊ.nə/
A large, round, pendent chandelier, with spikes around its upper rim to hold candles or lamps, usually hung from the roof of a church.
corporal
B2
/ˈkoɹ.pɚ.əl/
possessing or existing in bodily form
corporate
B2
/ˈkɔɹ.pəɹ.ət/
organized and maintained as a legal corporation
corporation
B2
/ˌkɔɹ.pəˈɹeɪ.ʃən/
A body corporate, created by law or under authority of law, having a continuous existence independent of the existences of its members, and powers and liabilities distinct from those of its members.
correctness
B2
/kɝˈɛktnəs/
Freedom from error.
correspond
B2
/ˌkoɹəˈspɑnd/
to exchange messages
correspondence
B2
/ˌkoɹ.ɪˈspɑn.dəns/
in mathematics, an attribute of a shape or relation
correspondent
B2
/ˌkɔɹ.ɪˈspɑn.dənt/
Corresponding; suitable; adapted; congruous.
corresponding
B2
/ˌkɔɹəˈspɑndɪŋ/
accompanying
corridor
B2
/ˈkɔɹəˌdɔɹ/
A narrow hall or passage with rooms leading off it, as in a building or in a railway carriage.
corrupt
B2
/kəˈɹʌpt/
lacking in integrity
corruption
B2
/kəˈɹʌpʃən/
inducement, such as of a public official, by improper means, such as bribery, to violate duty
costly
B2
/ˈkɑːstli/
having a high price
costume
B2
/ˈkɑsˌt(j)um/
the attire worn in a play or at a fancy dress ball
cottage
B2
/ˈkɑt.ɪd͡ʒ/
A small house.
countryman
B2
/ˈkʌntɹimən/
Somebody from one's own country; a fellow countryman.
countrywide
B2
/ˌkʌn.tɹiˈwaɪd/
Throughout a country.
courtesy
B2
/ˈkɝɾəsi/
Polite behavior.
coward
B2
/ˈkaʊɚd/
A person who lacks courage.
cowardly
B2
/ˈkaʊɝdli/
Showing cowardice; lacking in courage; weakly fearful.
coziness
B2
/ˈkoʊziːnəs/
a state of warm snug comfort
cozy
B2
/ˈkoʊzi/
suggesting connivance
crab
B2
/ˈkræb/
a stroke of the oar that either misses the water or digs too deeply
crack
B2
/ˈkræk/
a usually brief attempt
craftsman
B2
/ˈkɹæftsmən/
a professional whose work is consistently of high quality
crater
B2
/ˈkɹeɪ.tɚ/
The pit left by the explosion of a mine or bomb.
crawl
B2
/kɹaːl/
a slow mode of locomotion on hands and knees or dragging the body
crease
B2
/ˈkriːs/
to make wrinkles or creases on a smooth surface
creation
B2
/kriːˈeɪʃən/
the event that occurred at the beginning of something
creatively
B2
/kɹiˈeɪtɪvli/
in a creative manner
creek
B2
/kɹik/
a natural stream of water smaller than a river (and often a tributary of a river)
creepy
B2
/ˈkɹipi/
causing a sensation as of things crawling on your skin
crew
B2
/kɹu/
the men and women who operate a vehicle, ship, aircraft, etc.
cripple
B2
/ˈkɹɪp(ə)l/
to deprive of the use of a limb, especially a leg
critically
B2
/ˈkɹɪt.ɪk.li/
in a critical manner
criticism
B2
/ˈkɹɪtɪsɪzm̩/
a serious examination and judgment of something
crocodile
B2
/ˈkɹɑkədaɪl/
Any of the predatory amphibious reptiles of the family Crocodylidae; (loosely) a crocodilian, any species of the order Crocodilia, which also includes the alligators, caimans and gavials.
crossly
B2
in an ill-natured manner
crucial
B2
/ˈkɹuː.ʃəl/
having crucial relevance
cruelly
B2
/ˈkɹuːəli/
excessively
cruelty
B2
/ˈkɹuː(ə)lti/
An indifference to suffering or pleasure in inflicting suffering.
crystallize
B2
/ˈkɹɪstəlaɪz/
to cause to take on a definite and clear shape
cube
B2
/kjub/
to cut into cubes
cubism
B2
/ˈkjuːbɪzəm/
An artistic movement in the early 20th Century characterized by the depiction of natural forms as geometric structures of planes.
cuff
B2
/kɐf/
to confine or restrain with or as if with manacles or handcuffs
culmination
B2
/ˌkʌl.məˈneɪ.ʃən/
a final climactic stage
culturally
B2
/ˈkʌltʃɝəˌliː/
with regard to a culture
curl
B2
/kɜɹl/
to form a curl, curve, or kink
cursor
B2
/ˈkɜɹsəɹ/
A part of any of several scientific or measuring instruments that moves back and forth to indicate a position.
cyberaddict
B2
One who is addicted to computers or to the Internet.
cybercafe
B2
a cafe whose customers sit at computer terminals and log on to the internet while they eat and drink
cybercrime
B2
crime committed using a computer and the internet to steal a person's identity or sell contraband or stalk victims or disrupt operations with malevolent programs
cyberpet
B2
A virtual pet in the form of an interactive program.
cyberschool
B2
A school offering courses over the Internet rather than in its own physical premises.
cyberspace
B2
/ˈsaɪ.bəɹˌspeɪs/
The Internet as a whole.
cyclist
B2
/ˈsaɪkəlɪst/
A person who rides a cycle, especially a bicycle, or who habitually engages in cycling.
daft
B2
/dæft/
Foolish, silly, stupid.
damn
B2
/ˈdæm/
very, extremely
dandelion
B2
/ˈdæn.dəˌlaɪ.ən/
Any of the several species of plant in the genus Taraxacum, characterised by yellow flower heads and notched, broad-ended leaves, especially the common dandelion (Taraxacum officinale).
darling
B2
/ˈdɑɹlɪŋ/
Often used as an affectionate term of address: a person who is very dear to one.
dash
B2
/dæʃ/
the act of moving with great haste
data
B2
/ɖɑ.ʈɑ/
a collection of facts from which conclusions may be drawn
database
B2
/ˈdeɪtəˌbeɪs/
A collection of (usually) organized information in a regular structure, usually but not necessarily in a machine-readable format accessible by a computer.
dated
B2
/ˈdeɪtɪd/
Marked with a date.
daughter-in-law
B2
/ˈdɔːtə(ɹ)ɪnˌlɔː/
The wife of one's child.
dawn
B2
/dɔn/
the earliest period
daytime
B2
/ˈdeɪtaɪm/
The time of daylight; the time between sunrise and sunset.
de facto
B2
dearly
B2
/ˈdɪɹli/
at a great cost
debit
B2
/ˈdɛb.ɪt/
In bookkeeping, an entry in the left hand column of an account.
debit card
B2
decade
B2
/ˈdɛkeɪd/
A group, set, or series of ten , particularly
decay
B2
/diˈkeɪ/
an inferior state resulting from the process of decaying
deceive
B2
/dɪˈsiːv/
cause someone to believe an untruth
decent
B2
/ˈdiːsənt/
conforming to conventions of sexual behavior
deceptive
B2
/dɪˈsɛp.tɪv/
designed to deceive or mislead either deliberately or inadvertently
decisive
B2
/dɪˈsɪsɪv/
determining or having the power to determine an outcome
deck
B2
/ˈdek/
knock down with force
decomposition
B2
/ˌdiːkəmpoʊˈzɪʃən/
the process of decay caused by bacterial or fungal action
decorate
B2
/ˈdɛkəɹeɪt/
award a mark of honor, such as a medal, to
decoration
B2
/ˌdɛkəˈɹeɪʃən/
Any item that adorns, enriches, or beautifies; something added by way of embellishment or ornamentation.
decorative
B2
/ˈdɛk.ə.ɹə.tɪv/
That serves to decorate
dedication
B2
/ˌdɛdəˈkeɪʃən/
a ceremony in which something, for example a building, is dedicated to some goal or purpose
deduce
B2
/dɪˈdʒuːs/
To reach (a conclusion) by applying rules of logic or other forms of reasoning to given premises or known facts.
deduction
B2
/dɪˈdʌkʃən/
That which is deducted; that which is subtracted or removed.
deem
B2
/dim/
To hold in belief or estimation; to adjudge as a conclusion; to regard as being; to evaluate according to one's beliefs; to account.
deer
B2
/dɪɹ/
A ruminant mammal with hooves and often antlers, of the family Cervidae, or one of several similar animals from related families of the order Artiodactyla, such as the musk deer or mouse deer.
deficit
B2
/ˈdɛfəsɪt/
the property of being an amount by which something is less than expected or required
deforestation
B2
/dɪˌfɔrɪˈsteɪʃən/
The process of destroying a forest and replacing it with something else, especially with an agricultural system.
defy
B2
/dɪˈfaɪ/
To challenge (someone) or brave (a hazard or opposition).
dehumanize
B2
/dɪˈhjuːmənaɪz/
deprive of human qualities
delegate
B2
/ˈdɛlɪɡət/
A type of variable storing a reference to a method with a particular signature, analogous to a function pointer.
deliberate
B2
/dɪˈlɪb.ɚ.ət/
Done on purpose; intentional.
deliberately
B2
/dɪˈlɪb.(ə.)ɹət.li/
in a deliberate unhurried manner
delicacy
B2
/ˈdɛləkəsi/
The quality of being delicate.
delicately
B2
/ˈdɛlɪkətli/
In a delicate manner; exquisitely.
demanding
B2
/dəˈmændɪŋ/
Requiring much endurance, strength, or patience.
demolish
B2
/dᵻˈmɒl.ɪʃ/
defeat soundly
denim
B2
/ˈdɛnəm/
A textile often made of cotton with a distinct diagonal pattern.
dense
B2
/ˈdɛns/
having high relative density or specific gravity
densely
B2
/ˈdɛnsli/
in a concentrated manner
dental
B2
/ˈdɛn.təl/
of or relating to the teeth
dependable
B2
/dɪˈpɛndəbəl/
consistent in performance or behavior
deputy
B2
/ˈdɛpjəti/
One appointed as the substitute of others, and empowered to act for them, in their name or their behalf; a substitute in office.
descend
B2
/dəˈsɛnd/
Senses relating to moving from a higher to a lower position.
descriptive
B2
/dɪˈskrɪptɪv/
describing the structure of a language
desirable
B2
/dɪˈzaɪəɹəbəl/
worth having or seeking or achieving
desktop
B2
/ˈdɛsktɒp/
A desktop computer.
desolation
B2
/ˌdɛsəˈleɪʃən/
The state of being desolated or laid waste
desperately
B2
/ˈdɛsp(ə)ɹətli/
in intense despair
desperation
B2
/ˌdɛspəˈɹeɪʃən/
desperate recklessness
despise
B2
/dɪˈspaɪz/
look down on with disdain
destiny
B2
/ˈdes.tɪ.ni/
the ultimate agency regarded as predetermining the course of events
detach
B2
/dəˈtæt͡ʃ/
come to be detached
detachment
B2
/dɪˈtæt͡ʃmənt/
The action of detaching; separation.
detailed
B2
/dɪˈteɪld/
developed or executed with care and in minute detail
detect
B2
/dɪˈtɛkt/
discover or determine the existence, presence, or fact of
determined
B2
/dɪˈtɝmɪnd/
characterized by great determination
determiner
B2
/dɪˈtɝ.mɪ.nɚ/
Someone or something that determines, or helps to determine, something else.
developing
B2
/dɪˈvɛl.ə.pɪŋ/
In the process of development.
devil
B2
/ˈdɛvəl/
a word used in exclamations of confusion
devote
B2
/dɪˈvoʊt/
set aside or apart for a specific purpose or use
devoted
B2
/dɪˈvoʊtəd/
zealous in devotion or affection
diarrhea
B2
/ˌdaɪɝˈiːə/
frequent and watery bowel movements
dictator
B2
/ˈdɪkˌteɪtəɹ/
a person who behaves in a tyrannical manner
digest
B2
/daɪˈd͡ʒɛst/
systematize, as by classifying and summarizing
dignify
B2
/ˈdɪgnəˌfaɪ/
raise the status of
dignity
B2
/ˈdɪɡnɪti/
the quality of being worthy of esteem or respect
dilemma
B2
/dɑeˈlemə/
A circumstance in which a choice must be made between two or more alternatives that seem equally undesirable.
dim
B2
/dɪm/
made dim or less bright
dime
B2
/daɪm/
A coin worth one-tenth of a dollar, that is, ten cents.
dimension
B2
/dɪˈmɛn.ʃən/
indicate the dimensions on
dip
B2
/dɪp/
immerse briefly into a liquid so as to wet, coat, or saturate
diphtheria
B2
/dɪfˈθɪɹ.i.ə/
A serious infectious disease leading to inflammation of mucous membranes of the upper respiratory tract, caused by Corynebacterium diphtheriae.
diploma
B2
/dɪˈploʊmə/
A document issued by an educational institution testifying that the recipient has earned a degree or has successfully completed a particular course of study.
diplomat
B2
/ˈdɪp.lə.mæt/
A person, such as an ambassador, who is accredited to represent a government officially in its relations with other governments or international organisations
disappearance
B2
/ˌdɪsəˈpɪrəns/
ceasing to exist
disapproval
B2
/dɪsəˈpɹuvəl/
The act of disapproving; condemnation.
disapprove
B2
/ˌdɪsəˈpruːv/
deem wrong or inappropriate
discharge
B2
/dɪsˈtʃɑːdʒ/
any of several bodily processes by which substances go out of the body
disciple
B2
/dɪˈsaɪ.pəl/
An active follower or adherent of someone, or some philosophy etc.
discipline
B2
/ˈdɪsəplɪn/
the act of punishing
disconnect
B2
/dɪskəˈnɛkt/
To sever or interrupt a connection.
discredit
B2
/dɪsˈkɹed.ɪt/
the state of being held in low esteem
discriminate
B2
/dɪˈskɹɪm.əˌneɪt/
marked by the ability to see or make fine distinctions
disgrace
B2
/dɪsˈɡɹeɪs/
The condition of being out of favor; loss of favor, regard, or respect.
disguise
B2
/dɪsˈɡaɪz/
the act of concealing the identity of something by modifying its appearance
dishonesty
B2
/dɪsˈɒnɪ.sti/
The characteristic or condition of being dishonest.
disillusion
B2
/ˌdɪsɪˈluːʒən/
To free or deprive of illusion; to disenchant.
dismiss
B2
/dɪsˈmɪs/
rid of attention or consideration
disorder
B2
/dɪsˈɔɹdɚ/
a physical condition in which there is a disturbance of normal functioning
disorderly
B2
/dɪˈsɔrdɝli/
undisciplined and unruly
disorganized
B2
/dɪˈsɔrgəˌnaɪzd/
lacking order or methodical arrangement or function
dispensable
B2
/dɪsˈpɛnsəbəl/
capable of being dispensed with or done without
displace
B2
/dɪsˈpleɪs/
cause to move, usually with force or pressure
displeasure
B2
/dɪsˈplɛʒɚ/
A feeling of being displeased with something or someone; dissatisfaction; disapproval.
disposal
B2
/dɪsˈpoʊ.zəl/
the power to use something or someone
disposition
B2
/ˌdɪs.pəˈzɪʃ.ən/
your usual mood
dispute
B2
/ˈdɪs.pjut/
a disagreement or argument about something important
disqualify
B2
/dɪsˈkwɔləfaɪ/
To make ineligible for something.
disregard
B2
/dɪsɹɪˈɡɑɹd/
The act or state of deliberately not paying attention or caring about something.
disrupt
B2
/dɪsˈrʌpt/
throw into disorder
dissatisfaction
B2
/dɪsˌsætɪsˈfækʃən/
the feeling of being displeased and discontent
dissatisfied
B2
/dɪsˈsætɪsˌfaɪd/
Not satisfied (e.g. with the quality of something).
dissident
B2
/ˈdɪsədɪnt/
In a manner that disagrees; dissenting; discordant.
distinguished
B2
/dɪˈstɪŋ.ɡwɪʃt/
(used of persons) standing above others in character or attainment or reputation
distortion
B2
/dɪˈstɔrʃən/
A misrepresentation of the truth.
distract
B2
/dɪˈstɹækt/
draw someone's attention away from something
distraction
B2
/dɪsˈtɹæk.ʃən/
the act of distracting
distressing
B2
/dɪˈstɹɛsɪŋ/
causing distress or worry or anxiety
distributor
B2
/dɪˈstrɪbjətɝ/
a company that markets merchandise
diversion
B2
/dɪˈvɝ.ʒən/
a turning aside (of your course or attention or concern)
divert
B2
/daɪˈvɝt/
To turn aside from a course.
divided
B2
/dɪˈvaɪdɪd/
having a median strip or island between lanes of traffic moving in opposite directions
division
B2
/dɪˈvɪʒn̩/
the act or process of splitting or partitioning
divorce
B2
/dɪˈvoɹs/
The legal dissolution of a marriage.
DNA
B2
/ˌdiˌɛnˈeɪ/
Initialism of deoxyribonucleic acid (“a nucleic acid found in all living things (and some non-living things such as certain viruses) which consists of two polynucleotide chains that coil around each other to form a double helix; encoded in its structure are genetic instructions for development, functioning, growth, and reproduction”).
dock
B2
/dɑk/
maneuver into a dock
domestic
B2
/dəˈmes.tɪk/
produced in a particular country
dominate
B2
/ˈdɑ.məˌneɪt/
be in control
donate
B2
/ˈdoʊˌneɪt/
give to a charity or good cause
donation
B2
/doʊˈneɪʃən/
A voluntary gift or contribution for a specific cause.
donkey
B2
/ˈdɑŋ.ki/
A domestic animal, Equus asinus asinus, similar to a horse.
doom
B2
/duːm/
an unpleasant or disastrous destiny
doorkeeper
B2
/ˈdôr-ˌkē-pər/
The person in charge of an entryway, sometimes responsible for security in the immediate area around the entryway.
doorway
B2
/ˈdɔɹweɪ/
The passage of a door; a door-shaped entrance into a house or a room.
dorm
B2
/dɔɹm/
To reside in a dorm.
dormitory
B2
/ˈdɔɹ.mɪˌtɔɹ.i/
A room containing a number of beds (and often some other furniture and/or utilities) for sleeping, often applied to student and backpacker accommodation of this kind.
dose
B2
/ˈdoʊ̯s/
the quantity of an active agent, substance, or radiation taken in or absorbed at any one time
doubly
B2
/ˈdʌb.li/
to double the degree
doubtful
B2
/ˈdaʊtfəl/
fraught with uncertainty or doubt
dove
B2
/dʌv/
flesh of a pigeon suitable for roasting or braising
downfall
B2
/ˈdaʊnfɔːl/
A precipitous decline in fortune; death or rapid deterioration, as in status or wealth.
downsize
B2
/ˈdaʊnsaɪz/
reduce in size or number
dowry
B2
/ˈdaʊri/
Payment by the groom or his family to the bride's family.
draft
B2
/ˈdræft/
a dose of liquid medicine
drain
B2
/dɹeɪn/
a gradual depletion of energy or resources
dramatically
B2
/drəˈmætɪkli/
in a dramatic manner
drapery
B2
/ˈdɹeɪpəɹi/
hanging cloth used as a blind, especially for a window
dread
B2
/dɹɛd/
To anticipate with fear.
dreadful
B2
/ˈdɹɛd.fl̩/
Full of something causing dread, whether
dreamy
B2
/ˈdriːmi/
As in a dream; resembling a dream.
drinkable
B2
/ˈdrɪnkəbəl/
That which can be drunk.
droop
B2
/ˈdɹuːp/
To hang downward; to sag.
dropout
B2
/ˈdrɑːˌpaʊt/
Someone who has left an educational institution without completing the course
drought
B2
/ˈdɹɐʊ̯t/
a shortage of rainfall
duel
B2
/ˈˈd͡ʒuːəl/
a prearranged fight with deadly weapons by two people, often accompanied by seconds, in order to settle a quarrel over a point of honor
dumb
B2
/dʌm/
lacking the power of human speech
duplicate
B2
/ˈd(j)uː.plɪˌkeɪt/
identically copied from an original
duplication
B2
/d(j)u.plɪˈkeɪ.ʃən/
the act of copying or making a duplicate (or duplicates) of something
dwarf
B2
/dwɔɹf/
check the growth of
dye
B2
/daɪ/
color with dye
dynamic
B2
/dɑɪˈnæm.ɪk/
characterized by action or forcefulness or force of personality
eagerly
B2
/ˈiɡɚli/
In an eager manner.
eagle
B2
/ˈiːɡəl/
an emblem representing power
earnings
B2
/ˈɝːnɪŋz/
the excess of revenues over outlays in a given period of time (including depreciation and other non-cash expenses)
ease
B2
/iz/
lessen the intensity of or calm
eastward
B2
/ˈist.wɚd/
toward the east
ecologically
B2
/iːkəˈlɑːdʒɪkli/
with respect to ecology
ecologist
B2
/iːˈkɒləd͡ʒɪst/
A scholar of ecology.
economical
B2
/ˌɛk.əˈnɑ.mɪ.kəl/
avoiding waste
economist
B2
/iˈkɑ.nə.mɪst/
a professional title for an expert in the field of economics
ecstatic
B2
/ɛkˈstætɪk/
Feeling or characterized by ecstasy.
edit
B2
/ˈɛdɪt/
cut or eliminate
editorial
B2
/ˌɛdɪˈtɔɹiəl/
of or relating to an article stating opinions or giving perspectives
educated
B2
/ˈɛd͡ʒəkeɪtɪd/
characterized by full comprehension of the problem involved
educator
B2
/ˈɛd͡ʒəkeɪtɚ/
A person distinguished for their educational work, a teacher.
effectively
B2
/ɪˈfɛktɪvli/
in actuality or reality or fact
effectiveness
B2
/ɪˈfɛk.tɪv.nɪs/
The property of being effective, of achieving results.
elect
B2
/ɪˈlɛkt/
selected as the best
elective
B2
/ɪˈlɛktɪv/
subject to popular election
electrician
B2
/ɪˌlɛkˈtɹɪʃən/
a person who installs or repairs electrical or telephone lines
electronically
B2
/ɪˌlɛkˈtɹɑ.nɪk.li/
by electronic means
electronics
B2
/ɪˌlɛkˈtɹɑ.nɪks/
The study and use of electrical devices that operate by controlling the flow of electrons or other electrically charged particles or by converting the flow of charged particles to or from other forms of energy.
elegance
B2
/ˈɛl.ɪ.ɡəns/
a refined quality of gracefulness and good taste
elegant
B2
/ˈel.ə.ɡənt/
refined and tasteful in appearance or behavior or style
elegantly
B2
/ˈɛlɪgəntˌliː/
in a gracefully elegant manner
elemental
B2
/(ˌ)ɛləˈmɛntəl/
relating to or being an element
eligible
B2
/ˈɛl.ə.d͡ʒə.bəl/
qualified for or allowed or worthy of being chosen
elite
B2
/ɪˈlit/
Representing the choicest or most select of a group.
eloquence
B2
/ˈɛl.ə.kwəns/
powerful and effective language
eloquent
B2
/ˈɛləkwənt/
Fluently persuasive and articulate.
embassy
B2
/ˈɛmbəsi/
The function or duty of an ambassador.
embrace
B2
/ɛmˈbɹes/
a close affectionate and protective acceptance
emergence
B2
/ɪˈmɝ.d͡ʒ(ə)ns/
the becoming visible
emphatically
B2
/ɪmˈfætɪkli/
In an emphatic manner; with emphasis.
employ
B2
/ɪmˈplɔɪ/
the state of being employed or having a job
employee
B2
/ˌɛm.plɔɪˈiː/
A person who provides labor to a company or another person.
employer
B2
/ɪmˈplɔɪ.ɚ/
A person, firm or other entity which pays for or hires the services of another person.
endeavor
B2
/ɛnˈdɛv.ɚ/
a purposeful or industrious undertaking, especially one that requires effort or boldness
endlessly
B2
/ˈɛndləsli/
(spatial sense) without bounds
endorse
B2
/ɪnˈdoɹs/
sign as evidence of legal transfer
endurance
B2
/ɪnˈdʊɹəns/
the power to withstand hardship or stress
enduring
B2
/ɪnˈd(j)ʊɚ.ɪŋ/
patiently bearing continual wrongs or trouble
energy
B2
/ˈɛn.əɹ.d͡ʒi/
an imaginative lively style, especially style of writing
enforce
B2
/ɪnˈfoɹs/
To keep up, impose or bring into effect something, not necessarily by force.
engagement
B2
/ɪnˈɡeɪd͡ʒ.mənt/
the act of sharing in the activities of a group
engulf
B2
/ɪŋˈɡʌlf/
to flow over or cover completely
enhance
B2
/ɪnˈhæns/
increase
enroll
B2
/ɛnˈɹoʊl/
To enter (a name, etc.) in a register, roll or list
enterprise
B2
/ˈɛntɚˌpɹaɪz/
a purposeful or industrious undertaking, especially one that requires effort or boldness
entertaining
B2
/ˌɛntəɹˈteɪnɪŋ/
agreeably diverting
enthusiastically
B2
/ɪnˌθuːziːˈæstɪkli/
In an enthusiastic manner.
entitle
B2
/ənˈtaɪtəl/
give the right to
entrepreneur
B2
/ˌɑ̃.tɹə.pɹəˈnɜː/
A person who sets up a business; generally, a person who owns and manages a business and assumes its financial risks.
environment
B2
/ɪnˈvaɪ.ɚn.mənt/
the totality of surrounding conditions
environmentally
B2
/ɪnˌvaɪrənˈmɛntəli/
for the environment
environmentally friendly
B2
equation
B2
/ɪˈkweɪ.ʒən/
The act or process of equating two or more things, or the state of those things being equal (that is, identical).
equip
B2
/ɪˈkwɪp/
provide with abilities or understanding
equity
B2
/ˈɛk.wɪ.ti/
Fairness, impartiality, or justice as determined in light of "natural law" or "natural right".
erect
B2
/ɪˈɹɛkt/
upright in position or posture
erupt
B2
/ɪˈɹʌpt/
become active and spew forth lava and rocks
eruption
B2
/ɪˈɹʌpʃən/
A violent ejection, such as the spurting out of lava from a volcano.
essayist
B2
/ˈɛ.seɪ.ɪst/
One who composes essays; a writer of short compositions.
essentially
B2
/ɪˈsɛnʃəli/
In an essential way.
estate
B2
/ɛˈsteɪt/
extensive landed property (especially in the country) retained by the owner for his own use
estimated
B2
/ˈɛstəˌmeɪtɪd/
That is an estimate.
eternally
B2
/ɪˈtɝ.nə.li/
For eternity; forever.
ethic
B2
/ˈɛθ.ɪk/
the principles of right and wrong that are accepted by an individual or a social group
ethnic
B2
/ˈɛθ.nɪk/
denoting or deriving from or distinctive of the ways of living built up by a group of people
evacuate
B2
/ɪˈvæk.ju.eɪt/
empty completely
evacuation
B2
/ɪˌvækjuˈeɪʃən/
The act of evacuating; leaving a place in an orderly fashion, especially for safety.
evaluate
B2
/ɪ̈ˈvaljəˌweɪt/
To draw conclusions from examining; to assess; to appraise.
evaluation
B2
/ɪˌvæljuˈeɪʃn̩/
An assessment, such as an annual personnel performance review used as the basis for a salary increase or bonus, or a summary of a particular situation.
everlasting
B2
/ˌɛvəɹˈlæstɪŋ/
Lasting or enduring forever; endless, eternal.
evidently
B2
/ˈɛvɪdəntli/
In a manner which makes the fact or conclusion evident; obviously; as may be clearly inferred.
evil
B2
/ˈi.vəl/
morally bad or wrong
evolution
B2
/ˌɛvəˈluʃ(ə)n/
A change of position.
evolve
B2
/ɪˈvɑlv/
undergo development or evolution
exactness
B2
the quality of being exact
exaggerate
B2
/ɛɡˈzæd͡ʒ.ə.ɹeɪt/
to enlarge beyond bounds or the truth
exaggeration
B2
/ɪɡˌzæd͡ʒəˈɹeɪʃən/
the act of making something more noticeable than usual
exalt
B2
/ɪɡˈzɔlt/
raise in rank, character, or status
examinee
B2
/ɪɡˌzæməˈni/
One who sits an examination.
exceed
B2
/ɪkˈsiːd/
be superior or better than some standard
excel
B2
/ɪkˈsɛl/
distinguish oneself
exception
B2
/əkˈsɛpʃən/
a deliberate act of omission
exceptional
B2
/ɪkˈsɛpʃənəl/
Forming an exception; not ordinary; uncommon; rare.
exceptionally
B2
/ɪkˈsɛp(t)ʃənəli/
to an exceptional degree
excessive
B2
/ɪkˈsɛsɪv/
beyond normal limits
exclaim
B2
/ɛkˈskleɪm/
state or announce
exclamation mark
B2
exclude
B2
/ɪksˈkluːd/
prevent from being included or considered or accepted
exclusion
B2
/ɪksˈkluːʒən/
The act of excluding or shutting out; removal from consideration or taking part.
exclusively
B2
/ɪkˈskluːsɪvli/
to the exclusion of anything or anyone else; solely or entirely
excursion
B2
/ɛkˈskɝ.ʒən/
a journey taken for pleasure
execute
B2
/ˈɛksɪˌkjuːt/
sign in the presence of witnesses
execution
B2
/ˌɛk.sɪˈkjuː.ʃən/
The act, manner or style of executing (actions, maneuvers, performances).
executive
B2
/ɪɡˈzɛkjətɪv/
having the function of carrying out plans or orders etc.
exhaust
B2
/ɪɡˈzɔst/
wear out completely
exhausting
B2
/ɪɡˈzɔ(ː)stɪŋ/
producing exhaustion
exhaustion
B2
/ɪɡˈzɔːs.t͡ʃən/
The point of complete depletion, of the state of being used up.
exhibit
B2
/ɪɡˈzɪbɪt/
something shown to the public
exile
B2
/ɪɡˈzaɪl/
expel from a country
existing
B2
/ɪɡˈzɪstɪŋ/
presently existing
exotic
B2
/ɪɡˈzɑtɪk/
strikingly strange or unusual
expansion
B2
/ɪkˈspænʃən/
a function expressed as a sum or product of terms
expectation
B2
/ˌek.spekˈtæɪ.ʃən/
The act or state of expecting or looking forward to an event as about to happen.
expected
B2
/ɪkˈspɛk.tɪd/
considered likely or probable to happen or arrive
expedition
B2
/ˌɛkspəˈdɪʃən/
an organized group of people undertaking a journey for a particular purpose
explode
B2
/ɪkˈsploʊd/
burst outward, usually with noise
exploit
B2
/ˈɛksplɔɪt/
use or manipulate to one's advantage
explorer
B2
/ɛkˈsplɔːɹə(ɹ)/
A person who by means of travel (notably an expedition) searches out new information.
explosive
B2
/ɛkˈsploʊsɪv/
serving to explode or characterized by explosion or sudden outburst
export
B2
/ˈɛks.pɔɹt/
cause to spread in another part of the world
expressive
B2
/ɪkˈspɹɛsɪv/
characterized by expression
exquisite
B2
/ˈɛkskwəzət/
of extreme beauty
extension
B2
/ɪkˈstɛnʃən/
amount or degree or range to which something extends
extensive
B2
/ɪkˈstɛn.sɪv/
large in spatial extent or range or scope or quantity
external
B2
/ɛkˈstɜɹ.nəl/
happening or arising or located outside or beyond some limits or especially surface
extract
B2
/ˈɛkstɹækt/
get despite difficulties or obstacles
extraordinarily
B2
/ɛkˌstrɔrdəˈnɛrəli/
In an extraordinary manner.
exultant
B2
/ɪɡˈzʌl.tənt/
joyful and proud especially because of triumph or success
eyebrow
B2
/ˈaɪˌbɹaʊ/
To signal with one's eyebrows.
eyelash
B2
/ˈaɪlæʃ/
any of the short curved hairs that grow from the edges of the eyelids
eyelid
B2
/ˈaɪ.lɪd/
A thin skin membrane that covers and moves over an eye.
fabric
B2
/ˈfæb.ɹɪk/
artifact made by weaving or felting or knitting or crocheting natural or synthetic fibers
fabulous
B2
/ˈfæbjʊləs/
barely credible
facilitate
B2
/fəˈsɪlɪteɪt/
make easier
facilities
B2
/fəˈsɪlɪtiz/
Facilities for urination and defecation: a toilet; a lavatory.
factor
B2
/ˈfæk.tɚ/
anything that contributes causally to a result
faculty
B2
/ˈfækəlti/
A division of a university.
faith
B2
/feɪθ/
loyalty or allegiance to a cause or a person
falter
B2
/ˈfɔltəɹ/
speak haltingly
fame
B2
/feɪm/
Something said or reported; gossip, rumour.
familiarize
B2
/fəˈmɪliəɹaɪ̯z/
To make or become familiar with something or someone.
fantastically
B2
/fænˈtæstɪkli/
In a fantastic manner.
fascinated
B2
/ˈfæsɪneɪtɪd/
extremely interested
fascination
B2
/fæsɪˈneɪʃən/
the capacity to attract intense interest
fatal
B2
/ˈfeɪ.təl/
having extremely unfortunate or dire consequences
fate
B2
/feɪt/
The presumed cause, force, principle, or divine will that predetermines events.
father-in-law
B2
/ˈfɑːðəɹɪnˌlɔː/
A stepfather.
faulty
B2
/ˈfɔlti/
Having or displaying faults; not perfect; not adequate or acceptable.
fearsome
B2
/ˈfɪɹsəm/
frightening, especially in appearance.
feat
B2
/fiːt/
a notable achievement
fed up
B2
federal
B2
/ˈfɛdəɹəl/
characterized by or constituting a form of government in which power is divided between one central and several regional authorities
feedback
B2
/ˈfiːdˌbæk/
Critical assessment of a process or activity or of their results.
ferryboat
B2
/ˈfɛɹiˌboʊt/
A boat used to ferry passengers, vehicles, or goods across open water, especially one that runs to a regular schedule
fiber
B2
/ˈfaɪ.bɚ/
A single elongated piece of a given material, roughly round in cross-section, often twisted with other fibers to form thread.
fictional
B2
/ˈfɪkʃənəl/
related to or involving literary fiction
fierce
B2
/fɪɹs/
Exceedingly violent, severe, ferocious, cruel or savage.
fighting
B2
/ˈfaɪ.tɪŋ/
Apt to provoke a fight.
figurative
B2
/ˈfɪɡəɹətɪv/
Of use as a metaphor, simile, metonym or other figure of speech, as opposed to literal; using figures.
filial
B2
/ˈfi.li.əl/
relating to or characteristic of or befitting an offspring
financially
B2
/fəˈnænʃəli/
from a financial point of view
finely
B2
/ˈfaɪnli/
in a delicate manner
fingernail
B2
/ˈfɪŋɡɚˌneɪl/
the nail at the end of a finger
fire brigade
B2
firearm
B2
/ˈfaɪəɹˌɑː(ɹ)m/
a portable gun
fireplace
B2
/ˈfaɪɹpleɪs/
an open recess in a wall at the base of a chimney where a fire can be built
firmness
B2
/ˈfɝmnəs/
the muscle tone of healthy tissue
first language
B2
first person
B2
firstly
B2
/ˈfɜɹstli/
In the first place; before anything else; first.
fiscal
B2
/ˈfɪskəl/
involving financial matters
fixed
B2
/fɪkst/
securely placed or fastened or set
flame
B2
/fleɪm/
criticize harshly, usually via an electronic medium
flap
B2
/flæp/
move noisily
flaw
B2
/flɔ/
defect or weakness in a person's character
flawless
B2
/ˈflɔ.ləs/
without a flaw
flax
B2
/flæks/
plant of the genus Linum that is cultivated for its seeds and for the fibers of its stem
flee
B2
/fliː/
To run away; to escape.
fleet
B2
/flit/
moving very fast
flesh
B2
/flɛʃ/
The soft tissue of the body, especially muscle and fat.
flexibility
B2
/ˈflɛksɪb(ɪ)lɪʈi/
the quality of being adaptable or variable
flexible
B2
/ˈflek.sɪ.bəl/
capable of being changed
flexibly
B2
/ˈflɛksəbli/
with flexibility
flip
B2
/flɪp/
marked by casual disrespect
fluency
B2
/ˈfluːənsi/
The quality of smoothness of flow.
fluid
B2
/ˈfluɪd/
affording change (especially in social status)
flutter
B2
/ˈflʌtɚ/
flap the wings rapidly or fly with flapping movements
follower
B2
/ˈfɑːloʊɝ/
An account holder who subscribes to see content from another account on a social media platform.
folly
B2
/ˈfɑli/
the quality of being rash and foolish
fondly
B2
/ˈfɑndli/
in a loving manner
foolishly
B2
/ˈfuːlɪʃli/
without good sense or judgment
footnote
B2
/ˈfʊtˌnoʊt/
A short piece of text, often numbered, placed at the bottom of a printed page, that adds a comment, citation, reference etc, to a designated part of the main text.
forcefully
B2
/ˈfɔrsfəli/
with full force
foreman
B2
/ˈfɔː(ɹ).mən/
a person who exercises control over workers
foresee
B2
/fɔɹˈsi/
To perceive (a situation or event) in advance.
forestry
B2
/ˈfɒɹ.ɪst.ɹi/
the science of planting and caring for forests and the management of growing timber
formation
B2
/fɔɹˈmeɪʃ(ə)n/
creation by mental activity
formerly
B2
/ˈfɔɹmɚli/
at some time in the past
formidable
B2
/ˈfɔɹmɪdəbəl/
inspiring fear
forthcoming
B2
/fɔɹθˈkʌmɪŋ/
available when required or as promised
foul
B2
/faʊl/
especially of a ship's lines etc
found
B2
/ˈfæʊ̯nd/
come upon unexpectedly or after searching
fox
B2
/fɑks/
A small-to-medium-sized canine mammal, related to dogs and wolves, with a flattened skull, upright triangular ears, a pointed, slightly upturned snout, and a long bushy tail, of the following groups:
fragrance
B2
/ˈfɹeɪɡɹən(t)s/
A pleasant smell or odour.
frankly
B2
/ˈfɹæŋkli/
In a frank or candid manner, especially in a way that may seem too open, excessively honest, or slightly blunt.
frantically
B2
/ˈfɹæn.tɪk.li/
In a frantic manner.
fraud
B2
/fɹɔd/
Any act of deception carried out for the purpose of unfair, undeserved or unlawful gain.
freak
B2
/fɹiːk/
lose one's nerve, often used in the phrase "freak out"
friendly
B2
/ˈfɹɛnd.li/
characteristic of or befitting a friend
frigate
B2
/ˈfrɪgət/
A warship or space warship, inspired by one of the many historic varieties of frigate.
frontier
B2
/fɹʌnˈtɪɹ/
a wilderness at the edge of a settled area of a country
frugal
B2
/ˈfɹuːɡəl/
Careful or wise in expenditure; avoiding waste.
fulfill
B2
/fʊlˈfɪl/
To satisfy, carry out, bring to completion (an obligation, a requirement, etc.).
fume
B2
/ˈfjuːm/
a cloud of fine particles suspended in a gas
functional
B2
/ˈfʌŋkt͡ʃənəl/
designed for or capable of a particular function or use
functionality
B2
/ˌfəŋkʃəˈnælɪti/
capable of serving a purpose well
fundamental
B2
/ˌfɐn.dəˈmɛn.təl/
being or involving basic facts or principles
funk
B2
/fɐŋk/
an earthy type of jazz combining it with blues and soul
funky
B2
/fʌŋki/
stylish and modern in an unconventional way
furious
B2
/ˈfjʊɹ.i.əs/
Feeling great anger; raging; violent.
furiously
B2
/ˈfjʊə̯ɹi.ə̯sli/
of the elements, in a wild and stormy manner
furor
B2
/ˈfjɔːɹɔː/
A general uproar or commotion.
gaiety
B2
/ˈɡeɪ.ə.ti/
The state of being happy or merry.
gambling
B2
/ˈɡæm.bl̩.ɪŋ/
the act of playing for stakes in the hope of winning, including the payment of a price for a chance to win a prize
gang
B2
/ˈɡæŋ/
an association of criminals
gangster
B2
/ˈɡæ̝ŋ.stɚ/
Characteristic of a gangster; (especially) admirable and audacious.
gardener
B2
/ˈɡɑɹd.n̩.ɚ/
One who gardens; one who grows plants or cultivates a garden.
gasp
B2
/ɡasp/
a short labored intake of breath with the mouth open
gateway
B2
/ˈɡeɪtˌweɪ/
A passage that can be closed by use of a gate.
gaudy
B2
/ˈɡɔ.di/
a celebratory reunion feast or entertainment held a college
gaze
B2
/ɡeɪz/
a long fixed look
gear
B2
/ˈɡiə/
wheelwork consisting of a connected set of rotating gears by which force is transmitted or motion or torque is changed
generalization
B2
/ˌdʒɛnɝəlɪˈzeɪʃən/
A proof, axiom, problem, or definition that includes another's cases, and also some additional cases; a conclusion reached by inferring from specific cases to more general cases or principles.
generalize
B2
/ˈd͡ʒen.(ə.)ɹə.lɑez/
become systemic and spread throughout the body
generosity
B2
/ˌd͡ʒɛn.əˈɹɑ.sə.ti/
The trait of being willing to donate money, resources, or time.
generously
B2
/ˈdʒɛnɝəsli/
In a generous manner, in a way that is giving or ample.
genius
B2
/ˈd͡ʒin.jəs/
someone who has exceptional intellectual ability and originality
genre
B2
/ˈ(d)ʒɑnɹə/
A kind; a stylistic category or sort, especially of literature or other artworks.
gently
B2
/ˈd͡ʒɛntli/
in a gradual manner
genuine
B2
/ˈd͡ʒɛn.juˌɪn/
not fake or counterfeit
genuinely
B2
/ˈd͡ʒɛn.ju.ɪn.li/
In a genuine manner; truthfully, truly.
geographic
B2
/d͡ʒiəˈɡɹæfɪk/
determined by geography
germ
B2
/d͡ʒɝm/
A pathogen: a pathogenic microorganism, such as a bacterium or virus.
getaway
B2
/ˈgɛtəˌweɪ/
a rapid escape (as by criminals)
ghetto
B2
/ˈɡɛ.toʊ/
formerly the restricted quarter of many European cities in which Jews were required to live
giveaway
B2
/ˈgɪvəˌweɪ/
Something that is given away or handed out for free.
glacis
B2
/ˈgleɪsəs/
A gentle incline.
glamorous
B2
/ˈɡlɛ.mə.ɹəs/
having an air of allure, romance and excitement
glare
B2
/ɡlɛɚ/
a light within the field of vision that is brighter than the brightness to which the eyes are adapted
gleam
B2
/ɡlim/
appear briefly
glee
B2
/ɡliː/
Joy; happiness; great delight, especially from one's own good fortune or from another's misfortune.
global warming
B2
globally
B2
/ˈɡloʊbəli/
throughout the world
glocal
B2
/ˈɡləʊk(ə)l/
Both global and local.
gloomy
B2
/ˈɡlumi/
depressingly dark
glorify
B2
/ˈɡlɔːɹɪfaɪ/
cause to seem more splendid
glow
B2
/ɡloʊ/
a feeling of considerable warmth
goat
B2
/ɡoʊt/
Any hoofed mammal of the genus Capra.
god
B2
/ɡɑd/
a person of such superior qualities that they seem like a deity to other people
godly
B2
/ˈɡɑdli/
showing great reverence for god
goodwill
B2
/ɡʊdˈwɪl/
as in accounting, an intangible asset valued according to the advantage or reputation a business has acquired over and above its tangible assets
gook
B2
/ɡuːk/
A person of (South) East Asian descent (originally revolutionaries of the Katipunan then generally to any native of the Philippines, after the enemy and collaborators hid amongst them), but now especially:
gorge
B2
/ɡɔɹd͡ʒ/
The front aspect of the neck; the outside of the throat.
governmental
B2
/ˌɡʌvɚnˈmɛnt(ə)l/
relating to or dealing with the affairs or structure of government or politics or the state
gracefulness
B2
beautiful carriage
gradual
B2
/ˈɡɹadʒuəl/
proceeding in small stages
grain
B2
/ɡɹeɪn/
the direction, texture, or pattern of fibers found in wood or leather or stone or in a woven fabric
grand
B2
/ɡɹænd/
the most important and magnificent in adornment
graphically
B2
/ˈgræfɪkli/
in a graphic way
grasp
B2
/ɡɹasp/
understanding of the nature or meaning or quality or magnitude of something
gravestone
B2
/ˈɡɹeɪvstoʊn/
A stone slab set at the head of a grave.
gravitation
B2
/ˌɡɹævˈteɪʃən/
a figurative movement toward some attraction
greatness
B2
/ˈɡɹeɪtnəs/
The state, condition, or quality of being great
grief
B2
/ɡɹiːf/
something that causes great unhappiness
grieve
B2
/ˈgriːv/
cause to feel sorrow
grim
B2
/ɡɹɪm/
not to be placated or appeased or moved by entreaty
grin
B2
/ɡɹɪn/
A smile in which the lips are parted to reveal the teeth.
grip
B2
/ɡɹɪp/
an intellectual hold or understanding
gross
B2
/ɡɹoʊs/
lacking fine distinctions or detail
growing
B2
/ˈɡɹoʊɪŋ/
relating to or suitable for growth
grown-up
B2
/ˈgroʊˌnəp/
An adult.
guerrilla
B2
/ɡəˈɹɪlə/
A soldier in a small independent group, fighting against the government or regular forces by surprise raids.
guideline
B2
/ˈɡaɪdˌlaɪn/
A non-specific rule or principle that provides direction to action or behaviour.
gulp
B2
/ɡʌlp/
a large and hurried swallow
gum
B2
/ɡʌm/
the tissue, covered by mucous membrane, of the jaws that surrounds the bases of the teeth
gunshot
B2
/ˈɡʌn.ʃɑt/
The distance to which shot can be thrown from a gun; the reach or range of a gun.
guts
B2
/ɡʌts/
fortitude and determination
gymnastic
B2
/d͡ʒɪmˈnæstɪk/
of or relating to or used in exercises intended to develop strength and agility
habitant
B2
/abitɑ̃/
Synonym of inhabitant /dweller.
hail
B2
/heɪl/
many objects thrown forcefully through the air
hairy
B2
/ˈhɛɹ.i/
hazardous and frightening
handicap
B2
/ˈhændikæp/
Something that prevents, hampers, or hinders.
handicraft
B2
/ˈhændɪkɹæft/
A trade requiring skill of hand; manual occupation; handcraft.
handout
B2
/ˈhændˌaʊt/
A printed sheet such as a leaflet or pamphlet, or a worksheet, that is given out free of charge (usually by hand) for a certain use, for example as an advertisement or for information.
handrail
B2
/ˈhændˌɹeɪl/
A rail which can be held, such as on the side of a staircase, ramp, or other walkway, and serving as a support or guard.
hard drive
B2
hardware
B2
/ˈhɑɹdˌwɛɹ/
in computer science, the mechanical, magnetic, electronic, and electrical components making up a computer system
harmless
B2
/ˈhɑɹmləs/
not causing or capable of causing harm
harrow
B2
/ˈhæɹoʊ/
A device consisting of a heavy framework having several disks or teeth in a row, which is dragged across ploughed land to smooth or break up the soil, to remove weeds or cover seeds; a harrow plow.
haste
B2
/heɪst/
the act of moving hurriedly and in a careless manner
hastily
B2
/ˈheɪstɪli/
In a hasty manner; quickly or hurriedly.
hatching
B2
/ˈhæt͡ʃɪŋ/
A group of birds, reptiles, fish, insects, etc., which emerge from their eggs at the same time.
haunting
B2
/ˈhɔntɪŋ/
continually recurring to the mind
hay
B2
/heɪ/
Grass cut and dried for use as animal fodder.
hazardous
B2
/ˈhæ.zɚ.dɪs/
involving risk or danger
headquarters
B2
/ˈhɛdˌkwɔɹ.tɚz/
the military installation from which a commander performs the functions of command
health care
B2
heap
B2
/hiːp/
fill to overflow
heartbreaking
B2
/ˈhɑːrtˌbreɪkɪŋ/
That causes great grief, anguish or distress.
heartwarming
B2
/ˈhɑːrˌtwɔrmɪŋ/
causing gladness and pleasure
hedge
B2
/ˈhed͡ʒ/
minimize loss or risk
helicopter
B2
/ˈheliˌkɔptə(ɹ)/
An aircraft that is borne along by one or more sets of long rotating blades which allow it to hover, move in any direction including reverse, or land; and typically having a smaller set of blades on its tail to stabilize the aircraft.
hell
B2
/hɛl/
a cause of difficulty and suffering
helper
B2
/ˈhɛlpɚ/
That which helps; anything serving to assist.
hemp
B2
/hɛmp/
A tall annual herb, Cannabis sativa, native to Asia.
herb
B2
/(h)ɝb/
a plant lacking a permanent woody stem
heritage
B2
/ˈhɛɹ.ɪ.tɪd͡ʒ/
practices that are handed down from the past by tradition
hesitation
B2
/ˌhɛzəˈteɪʃən/
the act of pausing uncertainly
high-tech
B2
/haɪ tɛk/
Alternative spelling of hi-tech.
hijack
B2
/ˈhaɪˌdʒæk/
seize control of
hilarious
B2
/hɪˈlɛ(ə)ɹ.i.əs/
marked by or causing boisterous merriment or convulsive laughter
hint
B2
/hɪnt/
drop a hint
holder
B2
/ˈhoʊɫdɚ/
a holding device
hollow
B2
/ˈhɑ.loʊ/
as if echoing in a hollow space
holocaust
B2
/ˈhɑl.əˌkɔst/
an act of mass destruction and loss of life (especially in war or by fire)
homeward
B2
/ˈhoʊmwɚd/
toward home
hone
B2
/hoʊn/
sharpen with a hone
honorable
B2
/ˈɑn.ə.ɹəbl̩/
Worthy of respect; respectable.
hood
B2
/[hʊ̈d]/
protective covering consisting of a metal part that covers the engine
hook
B2
/hʊk/
a golf shot that curves to the left for a right-handed golfer
hospice
B2
/ˈhɑspɪs/
a lodging for travelers, especially one kept by a monastic order
hospitable
B2
/hɑsˈpɪtəbl̩/
favorable to life and growth
hospitality
B2
/ˌhɑ.spɪˈtæl.ə.ti/
The act or service of welcoming, receiving, hosting, or entertaining guests; an appropriate attitude of openness, respect, and generosity toward guests.
hospitalize
B2
/ˈhɒspɪtəˌlaɪz/
admit into a hospital
hourly
B2
/ˈaʊ̯ɚli/
occurring every hour or payable by the hour
housekeeper
B2
/ˈhaʊskipɚ/
Someone (traditionally a woman) employed to look after the home, typically by managing domestic servants or superintending household management; also someone with equivalent duties in a hotel, institution etc.
housemaster
B2
teacher in charge of a school boardinghouse
housewife
B2
/ˈhaʊs.waɪf/
A woman whose main employment is homemaking, maintaining the upkeep of her home and tending to household affairs; often, such a woman whose sole [unpaid] employment is homemaking.
hover
B2
/ˈhɑvɚ/
Of a bird: to shelter (chicks) under its body and wings; (by extension) of a thing: to cover or surround (something).
hugely
B2
/ˈhjuːd͡ʒli/
Greatly; to a huge extent.
human rights
B2
humane
B2
/hjuˈmeɪn/
Having or showing concern for the pain or suffering of another; compassionate.
humanist
B2
/ˈhjuːmənɪst/
pertaining to or concerned with the humanities
humanize
B2
/ˈhjuːməˌnaɪz/
To make human; to give or cause to have the fundamental properties of a human.
humble
B2
/ˈhʌmbəl/
low or inferior in station or quality
humbug
B2
/ˈhəmˌbəɡ/
A hoax, jest, or prank.
humiliate
B2
/hjuːˈmɪliˌeɪt/
To cause to be ashamed; to injure the dignity and self-respect of.
humiliating
B2
/hjuːˈmɪliˌeɪtɪŋ/
Liable to humiliate, degrade, shame or embarrass someone.
humiliation
B2
/hjuːˌmɪliˈeɪʃən/
an instance in which you are caused to lose your prestige or self-respect
hunting
B2
/ˈhʌntɪŋ/
The act of finding and killing a wild animal, either for sport or with the intention of using its parts to make food, clothes, etc.
hush
B2
/hʌʃ/
To appease; to allay; to soothe.
hybrid
B2
/ˈhaɪ.bɹɪd/
a composite of mixed origin
hygiene
B2
/ˈhaɪˌd͡ʒiːn/
a condition promoting sanitary practices
hyperbole
B2
/haɪˈpɝbəli/
extravagant exaggeration
hyphen
B2
/ˈhaɪfən/
divide or connect with a hyphen
iceman
B2
/ˈaɪsmæn/
A man who is skilled in travelling upon ice, as among glaciers.
icon
B2
/ˈaɪ.kɑn/
A type of religious painting portraying a saint or scene from Scripture, often done on wooden panels.
icy
B2
/ˈaɪsi/
covered with or containing or consisting of ice
ideally
B2
/aɪˈdi.ə.li/
in an ideal manner
identical
B2
/ɪˈdɛntɪkl̩/
(of twins) derived from a single egg or ovum
identification
B2
/aɪˌdɛntɪfɪˈkeɪʃn̩/
the condition of having the identity established
identify
B2
/aɪˈdɛn.(t)ə.faɪ/
give the name or identifying characteristics of
ideology
B2
/aɪ.diˈɑ.lə.d͡ʒi/
set of values and beliefs shared by individuals belonging to a specific group
idiot
B2
/ˈɪd͡ʒət/
A person of low general intelligence.
idle
B2
/ˈaɪd(ə)l/
not in active use
idolize
B2
/ˈaɪdəlaɪz/
To adore excessively; to revere immoderately.
ignorance
B2
/ˈɪɡ.nɚ.əns/
The condition of being uninformed or uneducated; lack of knowledge or information.
ignorant
B2
/ˈɪɡnəɹənt/
unaware because of a lack of relevant information or knowledge
illustrate
B2
/ˈɪl.əˌstɹeɪt/
supply with illustrations
illustration
B2
/ˌɪl.əˈstɹeɪ.ʃən/
Something which illustrates; a comparison or example intended to make clear or apprehensible, or to remove obscurity.
imagery
B2
/ˈɪmɪd͡ʒɹi/
the ability to form mental images of things or events
imitation
B2
/ɪmɪˈteɪʃn̩/
not genuine or real
immerse
B2
/ɪˈmɝs/
devote oneself fully to
immigrant
B2
/ˈɪmɪɡɹənt/
A non-native person who comes to a country from another country to permanently settle there.
immoral
B2
/ɪˈmɔɹəl/
Breaching principles of natural law, rectitude, or justice, and so inconsistent with the demands of virtue, purity, or "good morals"; not right, not moral. (Compare unethical, illegal.)
immortal
B2
/ɪˈmɔɹtəl/
a person (such as an author) of enduring fame
immortality
B2
/ˌɪmɔːɹˈtæləti/
The condition of being immortal.
impartial
B2
/ɪmˈpɑɹ.ʃəl/
showing lack of favoritism
impatiently
B2
/ɪmˈpeɪʃəntli/
In an impatient manner.
imperative
B2
/ɪmˈpɛɹ.ə.tɪv/
requiring attention or action
impermanent
B2
existing or enduring for a limited time only
implement
B2
/ˈɪmpləmənt/
apply in a manner consistent with its purpose or design
implication
B2
/ˌɪmpləˈkeɪʃən/
something that is inferred, deduced, entailed, or implied
imply
B2
/ˌɪmˈplaɪ/
To have as a necessary consequence; to lead to (something) as a consequence.
impolite
B2
/ɪmpəˈlaɪt/
not polite
impolitely
B2
in a manner showing a lack of regard for others
import
B2
/ˈɪm.pɔɹt/
an imported person brought from a foreign country
impose
B2
/ɪmˈpoʊz/
compel to behave in a certain way
impossibility
B2
/ɪmˌpɑsɪˈbɪliti/
Something that is impossible.
impractical
B2
/ɪmˈpɹæktɪkəl/
not practical or realizable
impressed
B2
/ɪmˈpɹɛst/
strongly affected, especially favourably
impressionism
B2
/ɪmˈpɹɛʃənɪzəm/
An art movement characterized by visible brushstrokes, ordinary subject matter, and an emphasis on light and its changing qualities.
impressionist
B2
/ˌɪmˈprɛʃənəst/
relating to or characteristic of Impressionism
imprison
B2
/ɪmˈpɹɪzən/
lock up or confine, in or as in a jail
imprisonment
B2
/ˌɪmˈprɪzənmənt/
A confinement in a place, especially a prison or a jail, especially as punishment for a crime.
improbable
B2
/ɪmˈpɹɑbəbl̩/
Not likely to be true.
improperly
B2
/ɪmˈpɹɑ.pɚ.li/
in an improper way
improved
B2
/ɪmˈpɹuːvd/
become or made better in quality
impulse
B2
/ˈɪmpʌls/
the act of applying force suddenly
impulsive
B2
/ɪmˈpʌlsɪv/
without forethought
inaccurate
B2
/ɪnˈæk.jə.ɹɪt/
not exact
inadequate
B2
/ɪnˈædəkwɪt/
lacking the requisite qualities or resources to meet a task
inanimate
B2
/ɪnˈænɪmeɪt/
not endowed with life
inborn
B2
/ˈɪn.bɔɹn/
Innate; possessed by an organism at birth.
incense
B2
/ˈɪnsɛns/
the pleasing scent produced when incense is burned
incentive
B2
/ɪnˈsɛntɪv/
an additional payment, or other remuneration, to employees as a means of increasing output
incur
B2
/ɪnˈkɝ/
To bring upon oneself or expose oneself to, especially something inconvenient, harmful, or onerous; to become liable or subject to.
incurable
B2
/ˌɪnˈkjʊɹəbl/
unalterable in disposition or habits
indebted
B2
/ɪnˈdɛtɪd/
Obligated, especially financially.
indent
B2
/ˈɪndɛnt/
bind by or as if by indentures, as of an apprentice or servant
independently
B2
/ˌɪndɪˈpɛndəntli/
In an independent manner.
indescribable
B2
/ɪndɪˈskɹaɪbəbl̩/
Impossible (or very difficult) to describe.
index
B2
/ˈɪndɛks/
adjust through indexation
indifferent
B2
/ɪnˈdɪf.ɹənt/
showing no care or concern in attitude or action
indignity
B2
/ɪnˈdɪɡ.nɪ.ti/
degradation, debasement or humiliation
indispensable
B2
/ˌɪndɪˈspensəbəl/
unavoidable
indulge
B2
/ɪnˈdʌld͡ʒ/
enjoy to excess
indulgent
B2
/ɪnˈdʌld͡ʒənt/
being favorably inclined
industrialize
B2
/ɪnˈdʌstɹiəlaɪz/
develop industry
ineffective
B2
/ˌɪn.ɪˈfɛk.tɪv/
not producing an intended effect
inert
B2
/ɪnˈɝt/
slow and apathetic
inexperienced
B2
/ɪnəkˈspɪəɹi.ənst/
Not experienced; lacking knowledge because lacking experience.
infant
B2
/ˈɪn.fənt/
A minor.
infect
B2
/ɪnˈfɛkt/
communicate a disease to
infected
B2
/ˌɪnˈfɛktɪd/
simple past and past participle of infect
infectious
B2
/ˌɪnˈfɛkʃəs/
easily spread
infer
B2
/ɪnˈfɝ/
To introduce (something) as a reasoned conclusion; to conclude by reasoning or deduction, as from premises or evidence.
inference
B2
/ˈɪn.fɚ.əns/
That which is inferred; a truth or proposition drawn from another which is admitted or supposed to be true; a conclusion; a deduction.
inflammation
B2
/ɪnfləˈmeɪ̯ʃən/
A condition of any part of the body, consisting of congestion of the blood vessels, with obstruction of the blood current, and growth of morbid tissue. It is manifested outwardly by redness and swelling, attended with heat and pain.
inflammatory
B2
/ɪnˈflæməˌtoɹi/
characterized or caused by inflammation
inflate
B2
/ɪnˈflæɪt/
fill with gas or air
inflation
B2
/ɪnˈfleɪ.ʃən/
a general and progressive increase in prices
influential
B2
/ˌɪnfluˈɛnʃəl/
having or exercising influence or power
influenza
B2
/ˌɪn.fluˈɛn.zə/
An acute contagious disease of the upper airways and lungs, caused by a virus, which rapidly spreads around the world in seasonal epidemics.
informal
B2
/ɪnˈfɔɹ.m(ə)l/
not formal
infringe
B2
/ɪnˈfɹɪnd͡ʒ/
To break or violate a treaty, a law, a right, etc.
infringement
B2
/ɪnˈfɹɪnd͡ʒmənt/
A violation or breach, as of a law.
inhabit
B2
/ɪnˈhæbɪt/
inhabit or live in
inherit
B2
/ɪnˈhɛɹɪt/
obtain from someone after their death
initiative
B2
/ɪˈnɪʃ.ə.tɪv/
Serving to initiate.
injection
B2
/ɪnˈd͡ʒɛk.ʃən/
The act of injecting, or something that is injected.
injured
B2
/ˈɪnd͡ʒɚd/
harmed
innate
B2
/ɪˈneɪt/
Inborn; existing or having existed since birth.
innocently
B2
/ˈɪnəsəntli/
in a naively innocent manner
innovation
B2
/ˌɪn.əˈveɪ.ʃən/
The act of innovating; the introduction of something new, in customs, rites, etc.
innovative
B2
/ˈɪn.əˌveɪtɪv/
being or producing something like nothing done or experienced or created before
input
B2
/ˈɪnpʊt/
Contribution of work or information, as an opinion or advice.
inquire
B2
/ɪnˈkwaɪɹ/
To ask (about something).
inseparable
B2
/inˈsɛ.p(ə).ɹə.bl/
not capable of being separated
inspect
B2
/ɪnˈspɛkt/
look over carefully
inspector
B2
/ɪnˈspɛk.tɚ/
A person employed to inspect something.
inspirational
B2
/ˌɪnspəˈɹeɪʃənəl/
Having the ability to inspire.
instantly
B2
/ˈɪnstəntli/
At once; without delay.
instill
B2
/ˌɪnˈstɪl/
enter drop by drop
instinct
B2
/ˈɪn.stɪŋkt/
inborn pattern of behavior often responsive to specific stimuli
institution
B2
/ˌɪn.stɪˈtʃuː.ʃən/
a custom that for a long time has been an important feature of some group or society
instruct
B2
/ɪnˈstɹakt/
give instructions or directions for some task
insufficient
B2
/ɪnsəˈfɪʃənt/
of a quantity not able to fulfill a need or requirement
insult
B2
/ɪnˈsɒlt/
a deliberately offensive act or something producing the effect of deliberate disrespect
integrate
B2
/ˈɪn.təˌɡɹeɪt/
become one
intellectual
B2
/ˌɪntəˈlɛkt͡ʃʊəl/
appealing to or using the intellect
intent
B2
/ˌɪnˈtɛnt/
an anticipated outcome that is intended or that guides your planned actions
interactive
B2
/ˌɪn.tɚˈæk.tɪv/
Interacting with or communicating with and reacting to each other; influencing or having an effect on each other; acting or capable of acting on each other or with the other.
interfere
B2
/ˌɪn.tɚˈfɪɚ/
come between so as to be hindrance or obstacle
interior
B2
/ɪnˈtɪ.ɹi.ɚ/
inside and toward a center
interpersonal
B2
/ˌɪntɝˈpɝːsənəl/
occurring among or involving several people
interpret
B2
/ɪnˈtɝ.pɹɪt/
To explain or tell the meaning of; to translate orally into intelligible or familiar language or terms. applied especially to language, but also to dreams, signs, conduct, mysteries, etc.
interpretation
B2
/ɪnˌtɝpɹəˈteɪʃən/
an explanation of something that is not immediately obvious
interpreter
B2
/ɪnˈtɝ.pɹɪ.tɚ/
someone who uses art to represent something
interruption
B2
/ˌɪntəˈɹʌpʃən/
some abrupt occurrence that interrupts an ongoing activity
intersection
B2
/ˈɪntəɹˌsɛkʃən/
the set of elements common to two or more sets
intimate
B2
/ˈɪn.tɪ.mət/
marked by close acquaintance, association, or familiarity
intransitive
B2
/ɪnˈtɹænsətɪv/
Not transitive: not having, or not taking, a direct object.
intravenous
B2
/ˌɪntrəˈviːnəs/
within or by means of a vein
intrude
B2
/ɪnˈtɹuːd/
thrust oneself in as if by force
intruder
B2
/ənˈtɹudɚ/
Someone who intrudes.
intrusion
B2
/ɪnˈtɹuːʒən/
The forcible inclusion or entry of an external group or individual; the act of intruding.
invariable
B2
/ɪnˈvɛɹ.i.ə.bl̩/
not liable to or capable of change
invariably
B2
/ɪnˈvɛɹ.i.ə.bli/
Every time; always, without change.
inventor
B2
/ɪnˈvɛntɚ/
One who invents, either as a hobby or as an occupation.
inverted commas
B2
investigate
B2
/ɪnˈvɛs.tə.ɡeɪt/
to conduct an inquiry or investigation of
investigator
B2
/ɪnˈvɛs.tɪˌɡeɪ.tɚ/
One who investigates.
investment
B2
/ɪnˈvɛstmənt/
the commitment of something other than money (time, energy, or effort) to a project with the expectation of some worthwhile result
investor
B2
/ɪnˈvɛs.tɚ/
A person who invests money in order to make a profit.
invisible
B2
/ɪnˈvɪzəb(ə)l/
Unable to be seen; out of sight; not visible.
invitingly
B2
in a tantalizing manner
invoke
B2
/ɪnˈvoʊk/
To solicit, petition for, appeal to a favorable attitude.
involvement
B2
/ɪnˈvɑlv.mənt/
a connection of inclusion or containment
ironically
B2
/aɪˈɹɑnɪkli/
in an ironic manner
irrational
B2
/ɪˈɹæʃ.(ə.)nəl/
not consistent with or using reason
irresistible
B2
/ˌɪɹ.ɪˈzɪs.tə.bəl/
overpoweringly attractive
irresistibly
B2
/ˌɪrɪˈzɪstəbli/
In an irresistible manner.
irresponsible
B2
/ˌɪɹ.əˈspɑn.sə.bəl/
showing lack of care for consequences
irritated
B2
/ˈɪɹ.ɪˌteɪ.tɪd/
aroused to impatience or anger
irritating
B2
/ˈɪrəˌteɪtɪŋ/
causing physical discomfort
irritation
B2
/ˌɪɹ.ɪˈteɪ.ʃən/
a sudden outburst of anger
islander
B2
/ˈaɪləndɚ/
A person who lives on an island.
italicize
B2
/ɪˈtæl.ɪ.saɪz/
print in italics
itch
B2
/ɪt͡ʃ/
a contagious skin infection caused by the itch mite
jaw
B2
/d͡ʒɔ/
The part of the face below the mouth.
jealously
B2
/ˈdʒɛləsli/
with jealousy
jeopardize
B2
/ˈd͡ʒɛp.ɚ.daɪz/
To put in jeopardy, to threaten.
jeweler
B2
/ˈd͡ʒuːələ(ɹ)/
someone in the business of selling jewelry
journalism
B2
/ˈd͡ʒɝnl̩ˌɪzəm/
The aggregating, writing, editing, and presenting of news or news articles for widespread distribution, typically in electronic publications, broadcast news media, or printed newspapers or periodicals, for the purpose of informing the audience, relying on a style of writing characteristic for this purpose, consisting of direct presentation of facts or events and (depending on type) either with or without analysis or interpretation.
judo
B2
/ˈd͡ʒudoʊ/
a martial art adapted from jujitsu and similar to wrestling
junk food
B2
juror
B2
/ˈd͡ʒʊɹɚ/
A member of a jury.
jury
B2
/ˈd͡ʒʊɹi/
a body of citizens sworn to give a true verdict according to the evidence presented in a court of law
justify
B2
/ˈd͡ʒʌstɪfaɪ/
adjust the spaces between words
kangaroo
B2
/ˌkæŋ.ɡəˈɹʉː/
A member of the Macropodidae family of large marsupials with strong hind legs for hopping, native to Australia.
karaoke
B2
/ˌkæ.ɹiˈoʊ.ki/
singing popular songs accompanied by a recording of an orchestra, usually in bars or nightclubs
keen
B2
/kin/
having a sharp cutting edge or point
keeper
B2
/ˈkiːpɚ/
something that should be kept
kerosene
B2
/ˈkɛɹəsiːn/
a flammable hydrocarbon oil used as fuel in lamps and heaters
keystroke
B2
/ˈkiːˌstroʊk/
a single tap of a key on a keyboard
kneel
B2
/niːl/
supporting yourself on your knees
knot
B2
/nɑt/
any of various fastenings formed by looping and tying a rope or cord upon itself or to another rope or to another object
knowingly
B2
/ˈnoʊɪŋli/
with full knowledge and deliberation
known
B2
/naːn/
apprehended with certainty
label
B2
/[ˈleː.b(ə)ɫ]/
trade name of a company that produces musical recordings
laborer
B2
/ˈleɪ.bɚ.ɹɚ/
One who labors.
lame
B2
/ˈleɪm/
a fabric interwoven with threads of metal
lance
B2
/læns/
open by piercing with a lancet
landing
B2
/ˈlændɪŋ/
the act of coming down to the earth or other surface
landlady
B2
/ˈlændˌleɪdi/
A female landlord.
landslide
B2
/ˈlændˌslaɪd/
an overwhelming electoral victory
lap
B2
/ˈlæp/
touching with the tongue
laptop
B2
/ˈlæp.tɑp/
A laptop computer.
lark
B2
/lɑɹk/
A jolly or peppy person.
laser
B2
/ˈleɪzɚ/
A laser printer.
last minute
B2
lastly
B2
/ˈlæstli/
Used to mark the beginning of the last in a list of items or propositions.
last-minute
B2
/ˌlæˈsmɪnət/
Just before it is too late; in the nick of time.
laundry
B2
/ˈlɔːn.dɹi/
A laundering; a washing.
lava
B2
/ˈlɑːvə/
rock that in its molten form, known as magma, issues from volcanos
lawmaker
B2
/ˈlɔˌmeɪkɝ/
One who makes or enacts laws.
lawn
B2
/lɔn/
Ground (generally in front of or around a house) covered with grass kept closely mown.
lawsuit
B2
/ˈlɔˌs(j)ut/
In civil law, a case where two or more people disagree and one or more of the parties take the case to a court for resolution.
layabout
B2
/ˈleɪəˌbaʊt/
A lazy person.
leaflet
B2
/ˈliːflɪt/
A small plant leaf.
leak
B2
/liːk/
an accidental hole that allows something (fluid or light etc.) to enter or escape
learning
B2
/ˈlɝnɪŋ/
Accumulated knowledge.
lease
B2
/ˈliːs/
The period of such an interest.
leash
B2
/ˈliːʃ/
A strap, cord or rope with which to restrain an animal, often a dog.
lecturer
B2
/ˈlekt͡ʃəɹə/
A person who gives lectures, especially as a profession.
leek
B2
/liːk/
related to onions
legend
B2
/ˈlɛd͡ʒ.ənd/
The life story of a saint (such stories are often embellished, but any kind is called a legend).
legendary
B2
/ˈlɛd͡ʒ.ənˌdɛɹ.i/
so celebrated as to having taken on the nature of a legend
legislate
B2
/ˈlɛd͡ʒɪsˌleɪt/
To pass laws (including the amending or repeal of existing laws).
legislation
B2
/ˌlɛd͡ʒɪˈsleɪʃən/
The act of legislating; preparation and enactment of laws.
legislative
B2
/ˈlɛd͡ʒ.ɪˌsleɪ.tɪv/
of or relating to or created by legislation
legislator
B2
/ˈlɛd͡ʒɪˌsleɪtɚ/
Someone who creates or enacts laws.
legislature
B2
/ˈlɛd͡ʒɪˌsleɪt͡ʃɚ/
A governmental body with the power to make, amend and repeal laws.
legitimate
B2
/lɪˈd͡ʒɪt.ɪ.mət/
authorized, sanctioned by, or in accordance with law
leisurely
B2
/ˈliʒɚli/
Characterized by leisure; taking plenty of time; unhurried.
lengthen
B2
/ˈlɛŋθən/
become long or longer
lengthy
B2
/ˈlɛŋθi/
Having length; long and overextended, especially in time rather than dimension.
leopard
B2
/ˈlɛp.ɚd/
Panthera pardus, a large wild cat with a spotted coat native to Africa and Asia.
lest
B2
/lɛst/
For fear that; that not; in order to prevent something from happening; in case.
liberal
B2
/ˈlɪˌbɝːəl/
Pertaining to those arts and sciences the study of which is considered to provide general knowledge, as opposed to vocational/occupational, technical or mechanical training.
lick
B2
/ˈlɪk/
beat thoroughly and conclusively in a competition or fight
lid
B2
/lɪd/
a movable top or cover, hinged or separate, for closing the opening at the top of a box, chest, jar, pan, etc.
lifeless
B2
/ˈlaɪfləs/
not having the capacity to support life
lifetime
B2
/ˈlaɪf.taɪm/
The duration of the life of someone or something.
lighten
B2
/ˈlaɪ.tn̩/
become lighter
lighting
B2
/ˈlaɪtɪŋ/
the craft of providing artificial light
likewise
B2
/ˈlaɪkˌwaɪz/
In a similar manner.
limb
B2
/lɪm/
the graduated arc that is attached to an instrument for measuring angles
linen
B2
/ˈlɪnɪn/
Thread or cloth made from flax fiber.
liner
B2
/ˈlaɪnɚ/
(baseball) a hit that flies straight out from the batter
ling
B2
/ˈlɪŋ/
Any of various codlike saltwater fish often used as food by humans, those of the genus Molva, in the family Lotidae.
linger
B2
/ˈlɪŋɡɚ/
move to and fro
listener
B2
/ˈlɪs(ə)nɚ/
Someone who listens, especially to a speech or a broadcast.
literal
B2
/ˈlɪt(ə)ɹəl/
without interpretation or embellishment
literally
B2
/ˈlɪtəɹəli/
(intensifier before a figurative expression) without exaggeration
litter
B2
/ˈlɪt.ɚ/
strew
loan
B2
/loʊn/
An act or instance of lending, an act or instance of granting something for temporary use.
lobby
B2
/ˈlɑ.bi/
An entryway or reception area; vestibule; passageway; corridor.
loneliness
B2
/ˈloʊnlinəs/
A feeling of depression resulting from being alone or from having no companions.
long-distance
B2
/ˌlɔŋˈdiːstəns/
covering a long distance
long-term
B2
/ˈlɔŋˈtɝːm/
Becoming evident after a relatively long time period.
loosely
B2
/ˈluːsli/
knitted in a loose manner
lousy
B2
/ˈlaʊ.zi/
infested with lice
lower
B2
/ˈloʊ.ɚ/
set lower
lowland
B2
/ˈloʊˌlænd/
An area which is considered particularly low or lower than surrounding areas.
lucrative
B2
/ˈlu.kɹə.tɪv/
Producing a surplus; profitable.
lush
B2
/lʌʃ/
full of juice
luxurious
B2
/lʌɡˈʒʊɹ.i.əs/
Very fine in quality and comfortable.
lyrics
B2
/ˈlɪɹ.ɪks/
The words to a song (or other vocal music).
madam
B2
/ˈmæd.əm/
A polite form of address for a woman or lady.
madame
B2
/məˈdæm/
A title equivalent to Mrs. or Ms., used for French-speaking women and (by custom) certain other individuals. It is abbreviated as Mme.
madness
B2
/ˈmæd.nəs/
unrestrained excitement or enthusiasm
maestro
B2
/ˈmaɪstɹoʊ/
an artist of consummate skill
magnify
B2
/ˈmæɡnɪfaɪ/
To praise, glorify (someone or something, especially God).
malady
B2
/ˈmæl.ə.di/
Any ailment or disease of the body; especially, a lingering or deep-seated disorder.
malaria
B2
/məˈlɛəɹi.ə/
Supposed poisonous air arising from marshy districts, once thought to cause fever.
mama
B2
/ˈmɑmə/
Mother, female parent.
mango
B2
/ˈmæ̝ŋɡoʊ̯/ ~ /ˈmæ̝ŋɡɔʊ̯/
A tropical Asian fruit tree, Mangifera indica.
manipulate
B2
/məˈnɪp.jə.leɪt/
control others or oneself, or influence skillfully, usually to one's advantage
mansion
B2
/ˈmæn.ʃən/
A stopping-place during a journey; a stage.
manual
B2
/ˈmæn.j(u)əl/
requiring human effort
manufacture
B2
/ˌmænjuˈfækt͡ʃɚ/
produce naturally
manufacturer
B2
/ˌmænjəˈfækt͡ʃɚɚ/
A person or company that manufactures.
manufacturing
B2
/ˌmænjəˈfækt͡ʃəɹɪŋ/
Used in manufacturing.
marathon
B2
/ˈmæɹəˌθɑn/
any long and arduous undertaking
margin
B2
/ˈmɑɹ.d͡ʒɪn/
an amount beyond the minimum necessary
marketing
B2
/ˈmɑɹkɪtɪŋ/
shopping at a market
martial art
B2
mask
B2
/mask/
activity that tries to conceal something
massacre
B2
/ˈmæs.ə.kə(ɹ)/
kill a large number of people indiscriminately
massage
B2
/məˈsɑ(d)ʒ/
give a massage to
masseur
B2
/məˈsʊɹ/
A person (especially male) who performs massage.
master
B2
/ˈmas.tə/
an artist of consummate skill
masterpiece
B2
/ˈmæstɚˌpis/
A piece of work that has been given much critical praise, especially one that is considered the greatest work of a person's career.
mastery
B2
/ˈmæs.tɚ.i/
power to dominate or defeat
mate
B2
/meɪt/
the partner of an animal, especially a sexual partner
mathematical
B2
/ˌmæθ(.ə)ˈmæt.ɪ.kəl/
characterized by the exactness or precision of mathematics
mature
B2
/məˈt͡ʃɔː(ɹ)/
fully considered and perfected
mausoleum
B2
/ˌmɔ.səˈli.əm/
A large stately tomb or a building housing such a tomb or several tombs.
means
B2
/minz/
how a result is obtained or an end is achieved
mechanize
B2
/ˈmɛkənaɪz/
To make something routine, automatic or monotonous.
media
B2
/ˈmi.di.ə/
plural of medium (“someone who supposedly conveys information from the spirit world”)
medication
B2
/mɛdɪˈkeɪʃən/
A medicine, or all the medicines regularly taken by a patient.
medieval
B2
/mɪdˈi.vəl/
as if belonging to the Middle Ages, usually due to brutality or antiquity
mediocre
B2
/ˌmidiˈoʊkəɹ/
poor to middling in quality
melody
B2
/ˈmɛl.ə.di/
A sequence of notes that makes up a musical phrase.
memorial
B2
/məˈmɔːɹi.əl/
Something, such as a monument, by which someone or something is remembered.
mentor
B2
/ˈmɛn.toɹ/
a wise and trusted guide and advisor
merchandise
B2
/ˈmɝ.t͡ʃənˌdaɪs/
commodities offered for sale
mercy
B2
/ˈmɝsi/
leniency and compassion shown toward offenders by a person or agency charged with administering justice
merge
B2
/mɝd͡ʒ/
join or combine
merger
B2
/ˈmɝ.d͡ʒɚ/
The act or process of merging two or more parts into a single unit.
messenger
B2
/ˈmɛs.ən.d͡ʒɚ/
A person appointed to perform certain ministerial duties under bankrupt and insolvent laws, such as to take charge of the estate of the bankrupt or insolvent.
metaphor
B2
/ˈmɛt.ə.foɹ/
a figure of speech in which an expression is used to refer to something that it does not literally denote in order to suggest a similarity
metric
B2
/ˈmɛt.ɹɪk/
based on the meter as a standard of measurement
micro
B2
/ˈmaɪ.kɹoʊ/
Very small in scale or scope.
microbe
B2
/ˈmaɪkɹoʊb/
Any microorganism; (loosely, nonscientifically) especially, a harmful bacterium.
microcomputer
B2
/ˈmaɪˌkroʊkəmˈpjuːtɝ/
A computer designed around a microprocessor, smaller than a minicomputer or a mainframe.
micrometer
B2
/maɪˈkɹɑmɪtəɹ/
caliper for measuring small distances
microorganism
B2
/ˌmaɪ.kɹoʊˈɔɹ.ɡəˌnɪz.m̩/
An organism that is too small to be seen by the unaided eye; especially, a single-celled organism, such as a bacterium.
microphone
B2
/ˈmaɪ.kɹəˌfoʊn/
A device (transducer) used to convert sound waves into a varying electric current; normally fed into an amplifier and either recorded or transmitted over radio.
microscope
B2
/ˈmaɪ.kɹəˌskoʊp/
magnifier of the image of small objects
microscopic
B2
/ˌmaɪ.kɹəˈskɑ.pɪk/
so small as to be invisible without a microscope
microscopy
B2
/maɪˈkɹɑ.skə.pi/
The use of microscopes.
microwave
B2
/ˈmaɪkɹəˌweɪv/
a short electromagnetic wave (longer than infrared but shorter than radio waves)
midst
B2
/mɪdst/
the location of something surrounded by other things
mighty
B2
/ˈmaɪti/
very, typical in the southern states
migration
B2
/maɪˈgreɪʃən/
the periodic passage of groups of animals, especially birds or fishes, from one region to another for feeding or breeding
mill
B2
/mɪl/
grind with a mill
millimeter
B2
/ˈmɪləˌmitɚ/
a metric unit of length equal to one thousandth of a meter
millionaire
B2
/ˌmɪl.jəˈnɛɹ/
Somebody whose wealth is at least one million (10⁶) currency units.
mimic
B2
/ˈmɪm.ɪk/
constituting an imitation
miniature
B2
/ˈmɪnɪt͡ʃə/
being on a very small scale
minister
B2
/ˈmɪn.əˌstɚ/
a person authorized to conduct religious worship
mint
B2
/mɪnt/
A vast sum of money; (by extension) a large amount of something.
misconception
B2
/ˌmɪs.kənˈsɛp.ʃən/
A mistaken belief, a wrong idea.
misfortune
B2
/mɪsˈfɔɹt͡ʃən/
Bad luck.
misleading
B2
/(ˌ)mɪsˈliːdɪŋ/
Deceptive or tending to mislead or create a false impression, even if technically true.
missile
B2
/ˈmɪs.(ə)l/
Any object used as a weapon by being thrown or fired through the air, such as stone, arrow or bullet.
mist
B2
/mɪst/
become covered with mist
mistreat
B2
/mɪsˈtɹiːt/
To administer an incorrect treatment to a patient.
mistrustful
B2
/mɪˈstrʌstfəl/
Having mistrust, lacking trust (in someone or something).
misunderstand
B2
/ˌmɪsəndɝˈstænd/
To understand incorrectly, while believing one has understood correctly.
mixture
B2
/ˈmɪkst͡ʃɚ/
an event that combines things in a mixture
mobility
B2
/moʊˈbɪlɪti/
The ability to move; capacity for movement.
mock
B2
/mɔk/
constituting a copy or imitation of something
modernization
B2
/ˌmɑdɚnɪˈzeɪʃn̩/
making modern in appearance or behavior
modernize
B2
/ˈmɑdɚnaɪz/
make repairs, renovations, revisions or adjustments to
modest
B2
/ˈmɑdəst/
not large but sufficient in size or amount
modification
B2
/ˌmɑdɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/
The act of assessing and prescribing a payment, penalty, price, valuation, etc.
mogul
B2
/ˈmoʊɡəl/
A steam locomotive of the 2-6-0 wheel arrangement.
mold
B2
/moʊld/
a distinctive nature, character, or type
momentarily
B2
/ˌmoʊmənˈtɛrəli/
for an instant or moment
momentary
B2
/ˈmoʊmənˌtɛɹi/
Ephemeral or relatively short-lived.
monastery
B2
/ˈmɑnəstɛɹi/
the residence of a religious community
moody
B2
/ˈmuːdi/
Given to sudden or frequent changes of mind; temperamental.
moonlight
B2
/ˈmunˌlaɪt/
the light of the Moon
moonscape
B2
A desolate or devastated landscape.
morality
B2
/ˌmɔˈræləˌtiː/
Recognition of the distinction between good and evil or between right and wrong; respect for and obedience to the rules of right conduct; the mental disposition or characteristic of behaving in a manner intended to produce morally good results.
morally
B2
/ˈmɔɹəli/
with respect to moral principles
mortal
B2
/ˈmɔɹ.təl/
subject to death
mortar
B2
/ˈmɔrtɝ/
plaster with mortar
mortgage
B2
/ˈmɔɹ.ɡɪd͡ʒ/
A legal agreement in which a borrower pledges real property as collateral for a loan used to purchase or refinance that property.
mortify
B2
/ˈmoɹtɪfaɪ/
To discipline (one's body, appetites etc.) by suppressing desires; to practise abstinence on.
mother-in-law
B2
/ˈmʌ.ðəɹ.ɪnˌlɑː/
The mother of one's spouse.
motion
B2
/ˈmoʊ.ʃən/
the act of changing location from one place to another
motivated
B2
/ˈmoʊtəˌveɪtəd/
provided with a motive or given incentive for action
motorbike
B2
/ˈmoʊtɚˌbaɪk/
A motorcycle.
motorist
B2
/ˈmoʊtɝɪst/
One who drives a motor vehicle.
mournful
B2
/ˈmɔɹnfəl/
Fit to inspire mourning; tragic.
mover
B2
/ˈmuːvə/
workman employed by a moving company
moving
B2
/ˈmuːvɪŋ/
arousing or capable of arousing deep emotion
muddy
B2
/ˈmʌdi/
make turbid
multiple
B2
/ˈmʌltɪpəl/
having or involving or consisting of more than one part or entity or individual
multiply
B2
/ˈmʌltɪplaɪ/
combine or increase by multiplication
mumble
B2
/ˈmʌmbəl/
To speak unintelligibly or inaudibly; to fail to articulate.
murmur
B2
/ˈmɝ.mɚ/
speak softly or indistinctly
muse
B2
/mjuz/
the source of an artist's inspiration
mustache
B2
/ˈmʌˌstæʃ/
an unshaved growth of hair on the upper lip
mutability
B2
/ˌmjutəˈbɪlɪti/
The quality or state of being mutable.
mutable
B2
/ˈmjuːtəbəl/
capable of or tending to change in form or quality or nature
mutter
B2
/ˈmʌtɚ/
A repressed or obscure utterance; an instance of muttering.
mutton
B2
/ˈməʈʈən/
The meat of sheep used as food; especially, that of adults.
mystify
B2
/ˈmɪstɪfaɪ/
make mysterious
nano
B2
/ˈnænəʊ/
Clipping of nanotechnology.
narcissistic
B2
/ˌnɑɹ.sɪˈsɪs.tɪk/
Obsessed with one's own self image and ego.
narrator
B2
/ˈnæˌɹeɪtɚ/
The person providing the voice-over in a documentary.
narrowly
B2
/ˈnɛɹoʊli/
In a narrow manner; without flexibility or latitude.
nationwide
B2
/ˌneɪ.ʃənˈwaɪd/
occurring or extending throughout a country or nation
native speaker
B2
naughty
B2
/ˈnɔti/
badly behaved
naval
B2
/ˈneɪvəl/
connected with or belonging to or used in a navy
navigate
B2
/ˈnæv.ɪ.ɡeɪt/
direct carefully and safely
navigation
B2
/nævɪˈɡeɪʃən/
ship traffic
navy
B2
/ˈneɪvi/
A country's entire maritime military force, including ships and personnel.
neat
B2
/ˈniːt/
without water
necessarily
B2
/ˌnɛs.əˈsɛɹ.ə.li/
in such a manner as could not be otherwise
necessity
B2
/nɪˈsɛsəti/
The quality or state of being necessary, unavoidable, or absolutely requisite.
needless
B2
/ˈniːdləs/
unnecessary and unwarranted
needy
B2
/ˈniːdi/
needy people collectively
negatively
B2
/ˈnɛgətɪvli/
in a negative way
neglect
B2
/nɪˈɡlɛkt/
the state of something that has been unused and neglected
neighboring
B2
/ˈneɪbəɹɪŋ/
Situated or living nearby or adjacent to.
neither
B2
/ˈnaɪ.ðɚ/
Not one of two; not either; not one or the other.
nerve
B2
/nɝv/
A bundle of neurons with their connective tissue sheaths, blood vessels and lymphatics.
nerves
B2
/nɝvz/
control of your emotions
nervously
B2
/ˈnɝːvəsli/
in an anxiously nervous manner
netsurfer
B2
One who surfs the Internet.
neurosis
B2
/n(j)ʊˈɹoʊ̯.sɪs/
A mental disorder, less severe than psychosis, marked by anxiety or fear which differ from normal measures by their intensity, which disorder results from a failure to compromise or properly adjust during the developmental stages of life, between normal human instinctual impulses and the demands of human society.
newscaster
B2
/ˈnuːzˌkæstɝ/
One who delivers the news for broadcast on television, radio, etc; a newsreader.
newsworthy
B2
/ˈnuːzˌwɝːði/
Interesting enough to be reported as a news
nicely
B2
/ˈnaɪsli/
in a nice way
nightclub
B2
/ˈnʌɪtklʌb/
A public or private establishment that is open late at night to provide entertainment, food, drink, music or dancing.
nightmare
B2
/ˈnaɪt.mɛɚ/
A very unpleasant or frightening dream.
nobility
B2
/noʊˈbɪlɪti/
A noble or privileged social class, historically accompanied by a hereditary title; aristocracy.
noble
B2
/ˈnoʊbəl/
having or showing or indicative of high or elevated character
nobleman
B2
/ˈnoʊbl̩mən/
A peer; an aristocrat; ranks range from baron to king to emperor.
nomad
B2
/ˈnoʊmæd/
A member of a society or class who herd animals from pasture to pasture with no fixed home.
nomination
B2
/ˌnɑmɪˈneɪʃən/
the act of officially naming a candidate
nominee
B2
/ˌnɒmɪˈniː/
A person or organisation in whose name a security is registered though true ownership is held by another party, called nominator, especially for the purpose of concealing the identity of the nominator.
nonprofessional
B2
/ˌnɑːnprəˈfɛʃənəl/
not professional
non-smoking
B2
/nɑːnˈsmoʊkɪŋ/
Having restrictions on smoking.
northward
B2
/ˈnɔɹθwɚd/
Towards the north; in a northerly direction.
nostril
B2
/ˈnɑ.stɹəl/
Either of the two orifices located on the nose (or on the beak of a bird); used as a passage for air and other gases to travel the nasal passages.
nought
B2
/nʊt/
Nothing; something which does not exist.
nourish
B2
/ˈnʌɹ.ɪʃ/
To feed and cause to grow; to supply with food or other matter which increases weight and promotes health.
nourishment
B2
/ˈnɝɪʃmənt/
the act of nourishing
novelty
B2
/ˈnɑvəlti/
cheap showy jewelry or ornament on clothing
nuisance
B2
/ˈnuː.səns/
A minor annoyance or inconvenience.
numerical
B2
/n(j)uˈmɛɹ.ɪ.kəl/
measured or expressed in numbers
nursery
B2
/ˈnɝsəɹi/
A place where nursing (“breastfeeding”) or the raising of children is carried on.
nut
B2
/nʊt/
Any of various hard-shelled seeds or hard, dry fruits from various families of plants.
nutshell
B2
/ˈnʌt.ʃɛl/
The shell that surrounds the kernel of a nut.
oath
B2
/ˈoʊθ/
a commitment to tell the truth (especially in a court of law)
obedience
B2
/oʊˈbidiəns/
behavior intended to please your parents
obedient
B2
/əˈbidiənt/
dutifully complying with the commands or instructions of those in authority
obey
B2
/oʊˈbeɪ/
To do as ordered by (a person, institution etc), to act according to the bidding of.
obituary
B2
/əˈbɪt͡ʃəˌwɛɹi/
A brief notice of a person's death, especially one published in a newspaper or other publication; also (obsolete), the section of a newspaper where notices of deaths are published.
obligation
B2
/ˌɑ.blɪˈɡeɪ.ʃn̩/
the state of being obligated to do or pay something
observer
B2
/əbˈzɝvɚ/
One who makes observations, monitors or takes notice.
obsess
B2
/əbˈsɛs/
be preoccupied with something
obsession
B2
/əbˈsɛʃən/
An activity or entity that inspires a compulsive and potentially unhealthy fixation, or the fixation thereby inspired.
obsessive
B2
/əbˈsɛs.ɪv/
Prone to cause obsession.
odd
B2
/ɑd/
not easily explained
offend
B2
/əˈfɛnd/
cause to feel resentment or indignation
offender
B2
/əˈfen.dɚ/
One who gives or causes offense, or does something wrong.
offense
B2
/əˈfɛns/
The act of offending.
offhand
B2
/ˌɔfˈhænd/
in a casually inconsiderate manner
offshore
B2
/ɒfˈʃɔː(ɹ)/
(of winds) coming from the land
ointment
B2
/ˈɔɪn(t)m(ə)nt/
A viscous preparation of oils and/or fats, usually containing medication, used as a treatment or as an emollient.
olive
B2
/ˈɑ.lɪv/
The small oval fruit of this tree, eaten ripe (usually black) or unripe (usually green).
Olympia
B2
/əˈlɪmpi.ə/
A place in the United States:
Olympiad
B2
/əˈlɪmpiæd/
Alternative letter-case form of Olympiad.
openly
B2
/ˈoʊpənli/
in an open way
operator
B2
/ˈɑpəˌɹeɪtɚ/
an agent that operates some apparatus or machine
opponent
B2
/əˈpəʊ.nənt/
characterized by active hostility
optimism
B2
/ˈɑptɪmɪzəm/
a tendency to expect the best, or at least, a favourable outcome
optimist
B2
/ˈɑptɪmɪst/
A person who expects a favourable outcome.
optimistic
B2
/ˌɑptɪˈmɪstɪk/
expecting the best in this best of all possible worlds
optional
B2
/ˈɑp.ʃə.nəl/
Not compulsory; left to personal choice; elective.
orator
B2
/ˈɑɹ.ə.tɚ/
A skilled and eloquent public speaker.
orchestral
B2
/ˌɔɹˈkɛstɹəl/
relating to or composed for an orchestra
orchid
B2
/ˈɔɹ.kɪd/
any of numerous plants of the orchid family usually having flowers of unusual shapes and beautiful colors
organizer
B2
/ˈɔɹɡənaɪzɚ/
a person who brings order and organization to an enterprise
originality
B2
/əˌɹɪd͡ʒɪˈnælɪti/
The quality of being original or novel.
originally
B2
/əˈɹəd͡ʒ.ə.nə.li/
As it was in the beginning; at first.
originate
B2
/əˈɹɪd͡ʒɪneɪt/
begin a trip at a certain point, as of a plane, train, bus, etc.
ornament
B2
/ˈɔɹnəmənt/
be an ornament to
ounce
B2
/aʊns/
Any small amount, a little bit.
outback
B2
/ˈaʊtbæk/
The most remote and desolate areas of Australia; the desert and areas too arid for growing crops.
outbreak
B2
/ˈaʊtbɹeɪk/
a sudden violent spontaneous occurrence (usually of some undesirable condition)
outcome
B2
/ˈaʊtkʌm/
That which is produced or occurs as a result of an event or process.
outdistance
B2
/ˈaʊtˈdɪstəns/
go far ahead of
outdo
B2
/aʊtˈdu/
To excel; go beyond in performance; surpass.
outfit
B2
/ˈaʊtfɪt/
a set of clothing, often with accessories
outgrow
B2
/ˌɑʊtˈɡɹoʊ/
grow too large or too mature for
outing
B2
/ˈaʊtɪŋ/
A pleasure trip or excursion.
outlet
B2
/ˈaʊtlɛt/
activity that frees or expresses creative energy or emotion
outlive
B2
/ˌaʊtˈlɪv/
live longer than
outlook
B2
/ˈaʊtˌlʊk/
A place from which something can be viewed.
outpatient
B2
/ˈaʊtˌpeɪʃ(ə)nt/
A patient who receives treatment at a hospital or clinic but is not admitted overnight; a receiver of ambulatory care.
output
B2
/ˈaʊtpʊt/
to create or manufacture a specific amount
outrage
B2
/ˈaʊt.ɹeɪd͡ʒ/
An excessively violent or vicious attack; an atrocity.
outrageous
B2
/aʊtˈɹeɪdʒəs/
Violating morality or decency; provoking indignation or affront.
outshine
B2
/aʊtˈʃaɪn/
shine brighter than
outsider
B2
/ˌaʊtˈsaɪdəɹ/
One who is not part of a community or organization.
outskirts
B2
/ˈaʊtskɝts/
outlying areas of a city or town
outwardly
B2
/ˈaʊtwɚdli/
in outward appearance
oval
B2
/ˈoʊvəl/
An elongated round shape resembling an ellipse or an egg.
overall
B2
/ˌəʊ.vəˈɹɔːl/
involving only main features
overboard
B2
/ˈəʊvə(ɹ)ˌbɔː(ɹ)d/
from on board a vessel into the water
overbook
B2
/ˈoʊvɝˌbʊk/
To sell or guarantee more seats for (an event) than actually exist.
overcoat
B2
/ˈoʊvɚkoʊt/
A heavy garment worn over other clothes, for protection from cold or weather.
overemphasize
B2
/ˈoʊvɝˈɛmfəˌsaɪz/
place special or excessive emphasis on
overestimate
B2
/ˌəʊvəɹˈɛstɪmeɪt/
make too high an estimate of
overhear
B2
/oʊ.vɚˈhɪɚ/
hear, usually without the knowledge of the speakers
overlap
B2
/ˌəʊvəˈlæp/
a representation of common ground between theories or phenomena
overlook
B2
/ˈoʊ.vɚˌlʊk/
a high place affording a good view
overly
B2
/ˈoʊvɝli/
To an excessive degree.
overshadow
B2
/ˌoʊ.vɚˈʃæd.oʊ/
cast a shadow upon
oversize
B2
/ˌoʊvɝˈsaɪz/
Excessively large.
overstep
B2
/ˌoʊvɚˈstɛp/
To go too far beyond (a limit); especially, to cross boundaries or exceed norms or conventions.
overtake
B2
/oʊ̯vɚˈteɪ̯k/
To pass a slower moving object or entity (on the side closest to oncoming traffic).
overthrow
B2
/ˌoʊvɚˈθɹoʊ/
To bring about the downfall of (a government, etc.), especially by force; to usurp.
overtime
B2
/ˈoʊ.vɚˌtaɪm/
beyond the regular time
overturn
B2
/ˌəʊvə(ɹ)ˈtɜː(ɹ)n/
turn from an upright or normal position
ow
B2
/ˈaʊ/
Used for emotional emphasis.
owing to
B2
owl
B2
/aʊ(ə)l/
Any of various birds of prey of the order Strigiformes, families Strigidae and Tytonidae, that are primarily nocturnal and have forward-looking, binocular vision, limited eye movement, and good hearing.
ox
B2
/ˈɑks/
Any bovine animal (genus Bos).
ozone
B2
/ˈoʊzoʊn/
An allotrope of oxygen (symbol O₃) having three atoms in the molecule instead of the usual two; it is a toxic gas, generated from oxygen by electrical discharge.
pa
B2
/pɑː/
Abbreviation of Pennsylvania: a state of the United States.
packed
B2
/pækt/
pressed together or compressed
packet
B2
/ˈpæk.ɪt/
a message or message fragment, used in networked computer communication
pad
B2
/pæd/
add padding to
paintbrush
B2
/ˈpeɪntˌbɹʌʃ/
a brush used as an applicator (to apply paint)
pajamas
B2
/pəˈd͡ʒɑ.məz/
Clothes for wearing to bed and sleeping in, usually consisting of a loose-fitting shirt and pants/trousers.
pallet
B2
/ˈpælɪt/
A bed of loose straw.
pancake
B2
/ˈpæn.keɪk/
A kind of makeup, consisting of a thick layer of a compressed powder.
pandemic
B2
/ˈpaɳɖəmɪk/
existing everywhere
panel
B2
/ˈpænəl/
electrical device consisting of a flat insulated surface that contains switches and dials and meters for controlling other electrical devices
papaya
B2
/pəˈpa.ja/
The fruit of this tree.
paperless
B2
/ˈpeɪpɝləs/
Without paper.
paperwork
B2
/ˈpeɪ.pɚˌwɝk/
Routine work involving written documents.
parade
B2
/pəˈɹeɪd/
a visible display
paradox
B2
/ˈpæɹ.əˌdɑks/
in logic, a statement that contradicts itself
paralysis
B2
/pəˈɹæləsəs/
A state of being unable to act.
paramedic
B2
/ˌpæɹəˈmɛdɪk/
a person trained to assist medical professionals and to give emergency medical treatment
paratrooper
B2
/ˈpæɹətɹupəɹ/
A type of soldier who is trained to enter combat zones by parachuting from aircraft.
parliament
B2
/ˈpɑɹ.lə.mənt/
A formal council summoned (especially by a monarch) to discuss important issues.
participation
B2
/pɑɹˌtɪs.ɪˈpeɪ.ʃən/
The process during which individuals, groups and organizations are consulted about or have the opportunity to become actively involved in a project or program of activity.
particle
B2
/ˈpɑɹtɪkəl/
in nontechnical usage, a tiny piece of anything
particular
B2
/pəˈtɪk.jə.lə/
a fact about some part, as opposed to the whole
partisan
B2
/ˈpɑɹ.tɪ.zən/
An adherent to a party or faction.
partnership
B2
/ˈpɑɹtnɚʃɪp/
a cooperative relationship between people or groups who agree to share responsibility for achieving some specific goal
passionate
B2
/ˈpæʃənɪt/
Given to strong feeling, sometimes romantic, sexual, or both.
passionately
B2
/ˈpæʃənətli/
with passion
pastor
B2
/ˈpæs.tɚ/
A bird, the rosy starling.
pastoral
B2
/ˈpæs.tə.ɹəl/
used with regard to idealized country life, idyllically rustic
patch
B2
/pæt͡ʃ/
mend by putting a patch on
patiently
B2
/ˈpeɪʃəntli/
In a patient manner.
patriot
B2
/ˈpeɪ.tɹi.ət/
A person who loves and zealously supports and defends their country.
patriotic
B2
/peɪ.tɹiˈɑ.tɪk/
Inspired by or showing patriotism; done out of love of one's country; zealously and unselfishly devoted to the service of one's country
patriotism
B2
/ˈpeɪtɹi.əˌtɪzəm/
love of country and willingness to sacrifice for it
patron
B2
/ˈpeɪ.tɹən/
One who protects or supports; a defender or advocate.
pave
B2
/peɪv/
cover with a material such as stone or concrete to make suitable for vehicle traffic
pavement
B2
/ˈpeɪvmənt/
A paved surface; a hard covering on the ground.
paw
B2
/pɔ/
touch clumsily
pawnbroker
B2
/ˈpɔːnˌbɹəʊ.kə(ɹ)/
A person who makes monetary loans at interest, taking personal property as security – which may be sold if not redeemed.
pawnshop
B2
/ˈpɔnʃɑp/
a shop where loans are made with personal property as security
payment
B2
/ˈpeɪmənt/
the act of paying money
peacefully
B2
/ˈpiːsfəli/
in a peaceful manner
peach
B2
/piːt͡ʃ/
Any tree of species Prunus persica, native to China and now widely cultivated throughout temperate regions, having pink flowers and edible fruit.
peak
B2
/piːk/
the top or extreme point of something (usually a mountain or hill)
pearl
B2
/pɝl/
Something precious.
pebble
B2
/ˈpɛb.əl/
A small stone, especially one rounded by the action of water.
pedal
B2
/ˈpɛdəl/
of or relating to the feet
pedantic
B2
/pəˈdæn.tɪk/
Tending to show off one’s knowledge, often in a tiresome manner.
pedestrian
B2
/pəˈdɛstɹiən/
lacking wit or imagination
pee
B2
/ˈpiː/
term for urination
peel
B2
/piːl/
come off in flakes or thin small pieces
peep
B2
/pip/
appear as though from hiding
peer
B2
/pɪɹ/
look searchingly
peg
B2
/pɛɡ/
stabilize the price of a commodity or an exchange rate relative to another
penalize
B2
/ˈpɛnəˌlaɪz/
To subject to a penalty, especially for the infringement of a rule or regulation.
penalty
B2
/ˈpɛn.əl.ti/
the disadvantage or painful consequences of an action or condition
penetrate
B2
/ˈpɛnɪtɹeɪt/
pass into or through, often by overcoming resistance
penguin
B2
/ˈpɛŋ.ɡwɪn/
Any of several flightless sea birds, of the family Spheniscidae within the order Sphenisciformes, found in the Southern Hemisphere, marked by their usual upright stance, walking on short legs, and (generally) their stark black and white plumage.
penicillin
B2
/ˌpɛn.ɪˈsɪl.ɪn/
any of various antibiotics obtained from Penicillium molds (or produced synthetically) and used in the treatment of various infections and diseases
pension
B2
/ˈpɛnʃən/
An annuity paid regularly as benefit due to a retired employee, serviceman etc. in consideration of past services, originally and chiefly by a government but also by various private pension schemes.
pentagon
B2
/ˈpɛn.təˌɡɑn/
A polygon with five sides and five angles.
perceive
B2
/pɚˈsiv/
become conscious of
percentage
B2
/pə(ɹ)ˈsɛntɪd͡ʒ/
The amount, number or rate of something, regarded as part of a total of 100; a part of a whole.
perception
B2
/pɚˈsɛpʃ(ə)n/
knowledge gained by becoming aware of something
permanence
B2
/ˈpɜɹmənəns/
The state of being permanent.
permeate
B2
/ˈpɝmiˌeɪ̯t/
spread or diffuse through
perseverance
B2
/ˌpɝsəˈvɪɹəns/
Continuing in a course of action without regard to discouragement, opposition or previous failure.
persist
B2
/pɚˈsɪst/
be persistent, refuse to stop
persistence
B2
/pɝˈsɪstəns/
The property of being persistent.
persistent
B2
/pɚˈsɪstənt/
Obstinately refusing to give up or let go.
personification
B2
/pɚˌsɑ.nə.fəˈkeɪ.ʃən/
a person who represents an abstract quality
personify
B2
/pə(ɹ)ˈsɒnɪfaɪ/
To be an example of; to have all the attributes of.
personnel
B2
/pɝ.səˈnɛl/
Collection of people in an organization, such as employees and office staff, members of the military, etc.
perspective
B2
/pɚˈspɛk.tɪv/
A view, vista or outlook.
perspiration
B2
/ˌpɝspəˈɹeɪʃən/
the process of the sweat glands of the skin secreting a salty fluid
persuasion
B2
/pɚˈsweɪʒən/
The act of persuading, or trying to do so; the addressing of arguments to someone with the intention of changing their mind or convincing them of a certain point of view, course of action etc.
pessimist
B2
/ˈpɛsɪmɪst/
Someone who habitually expects the worst outcome; one who looks on the dark side of things.
pessimistic
B2
/ˌpɛ.səˈmɪs.tɪk/
Marked by pessimism and little hopefulness; expecting the worst.
petrified
B2
/ˈpɛtrəˌfaɪd/
Having undergone the process of petrification (transformation into a stony substance); turned to stone.
petty
B2
/ˈpɛt.i/
contemptibly narrow in outlook
pH
B2
/ˈpiːˈeɪtʃ/
(from potential of Hydrogen) the logarithm of the reciprocal of hydrogen-ion concentration in gram atoms per liter
pharmacist
B2
/ˈfɑɹməsɪst/
A health professional who controls, formulates, preserves, and dispenses medications and provides medical advice and counseling on how medicines should be used in order to achieve maximum benefit, and minimal side effects in order to avoid drug interactions.
phase
B2
/feɪz/
(astronomy) the particular appearance of a body's state of illumination (especially one of the recurring shapes of the part of Earth's moon that is illuminated by the sun)
philosophical
B2
/ˌfɪl.əˈsɑ.fɪ.kl̩/
of or relating to philosophy or philosophers
physician
B2
/fəˈzɪʃən/
A practitioner of physic, i.e. a specialist in internal medicine, especially as opposed to a surgeon; a practitioner who treats with medication rather than with surgery.
pi
B2
/paɪ/
Not part of the usual font character set; especially, non-Roman type or symbols as opposed to standard alphanumeric Roman type.
pickle
B2
/ˈpɪkəl/
A cucumber preserved in a solution, usually a brine or a vinegar syrup.
picky
B2
/ˈpɪki/
Fussy; particular; demanding to have things just right.
picturesque
B2
/ˌpɪkt͡ʃəˈɹɛsk/
strikingly expressive
pillowcase
B2
/ˈpɪloʊˌkeɪs/
bed linen consisting of a cover for a pillow
pine
B2
/ˈpaɪn/
Any coniferous tree of the genus Pinus.
pint
B2
/paɪnt/
a United States liquid unit equal to 16 fluid ounces
piracy
B2
/ˈpaɪɹəsi/
Robbery at sea, a violation of international law; taking a ship away from the control of those who are legally entitled to it.
pirate
B2
/ˈpaɪɹət/
A criminal who plunders at sea; commonly attacking merchant vessels, though often pillaging port towns.
pitch
B2
/pɪt͡ʃ/
the action or manner of throwing something
plague
B2
/pleɪɡ/
an annoyance
planning
B2
/ˈplænɪŋ/
an act of formulating a program for a definite course of action
playmate
B2
/ˈpleɪˌmeɪt/
A companion for someone (especially a child) to play with.
playwright
B2
/ˈpleɪˌɹaɪt/
someone who writes plays
plead
B2
/pliːd/
appeal or request earnestly
plot
B2
/plɑt/
a secret scheme to do something (especially something underhand or illegal)
pluck
B2
/plʌk/
pull lightly but sharply with a plucking motion
plum
B2
/plʌm/
exactly
plumber
B2
/ˈplʌm.ɚ/
One who furnishes, fits, and repairs pipes and other apparatus for the conveyance of water, gas, or drainage.
pneumonia
B2
/nuˈmoʊniə/
Inflammation of the lungs caused by viruses, bacteria or other infectious microorganisms.
point of view
B2
pointless
B2
/ˈpɔɪntləs/
not having a point especially a sharp point
polar bear
B2
polio
B2
/ˈpoʊlioʊ/
A person who has poliomyelitis.
polish
B2
/ˈpoʊlɪʃ/
of or relating to Poland or its people or culture
politeness
B2
/pəˈlaɪtnəs/
The quality of being polite.
politically
B2
/pəˈlɪtɪkəli/
with regard to government
polity
B2
/ˈpɑ.lə.ti/
shrewd or crafty management of public affairs
polo
B2
/ˈpoʊloʊ/
a game similar to field hockey but played on horseback using long-handled mallets and a wooden ball
ponder
B2
/ˈpɑn.dəɹ/
To consider (something) carefully and thoroughly.
popularity
B2
/ˌpɑ.pjəˈlæɹ.ə.ti/
the quality of being widely admired or accepted or sought after
popularize
B2
/ˈpɑːpjəlɝˌaɪz/
make understandable to the general public
porch
B2
/pɔɹt͡ʃ/
A covered entrance to a building, whether taken from the interior, and forming a sort of vestibule within the main wall, or projecting without and with a separate roof. A porch often has chair(s), table(s) and swings.
portion
B2
/ˈpoɹʃən/
One's fate; lot.
pose
B2
/poʊz/
assume a posture as for artistic purposes
posh
B2
/pɑʃ/
Associated with the upper classes.
possessed
B2
/pəˈzɛst/
Controlled by evil spirits.
postal
B2
/[ˈpoʊstl̩]/
of or relating to the system for delivering mail
postpone
B2
/poʊstˈpoʊn/
hold back to a later time
potent
B2
/ˈpoʊt(ə)nt/
having a strong physiological or chemical effect
potentially
B2
/pəˈtenʃəli/
with a possibility of becoming actual
powerfully
B2
/ˈpaʊɚf(ə)li/
in a powerful manner
practicality
B2
/ˌpræktɪˈkæləti/
concerned with actual use rather than theoretical possibilities
practically
B2
/ˈpɹæktɪk(ə)li/
for all practical purposes but not completely
prance
B2
/pɹæn(t)s/
To strut about in a showy manner.
prawn
B2
/pɹɔn/
A crustacean of the suborder Dendrobranchiata.
precede
B2
/pɹɪˈsid/
furnish with a preface or introduction
precisely
B2
/pɹɪˈsaɪs.li/
indicating exactness or preciseness
predicament
B2
/pɹɪˈdɪkəmənt/
a situation from which extrication is difficult especially an unpleasant or trying one
predicate
B2
/ˈpɹɛd.ɪ.kɪt/
one of the two main constituents of a sentence
predicative
B2
/ˈpɹɛ.dɪ.kə.tɪv/
Modifying a noun from within a predicate.
predictable
B2
/pɹɪˈdɪktəbl̩/
Able to be predicted.
predictive
B2
/pɹɪˈdɪk.tɪv/
Useful in predicting.
predictor
B2
/pɹɪˈdɪk.tɚ/
information that supports a probabilistic estimate of future events
prefect
B2
/ˈpɹiːfɛkt/
a chief officer or chief magistrate
preferable
B2
/ˈpɹef.(ə.)ɹə.b(ə)l/
more desirable than another
preferably
B2
/ˈpɹɛf.ɹəˌbli/
more readily or willingly
prehistoric
B2
/ˌpriːhɪˈstɔrɪk/
no longer fashionable
prehuman
B2
Preceding the advent of modern humanity, Homo sapiens.
preindustrial
B2
Of or relating to the period before the Industrial Revolution and the global industrialisation that followed.
prejudge
B2
/priːˈdʒʌdʒ/
judge beforehand, especially without sufficient evidence
preliminary
B2
/pɹɪˈlɪmɪnɛɹi/
something that serves as a preceding event or introduces what follows
preoccupy
B2
/pɹiˈɑkjupaɪ/
To distract; to draw attention elsewhere.
prescribe
B2
/pɹɪˈskɹaɪb/
To order (a drug or medical device) for use by a particular patient (under licensed authority).
presenter
B2
/pɹɪˈzɛntə(ɹ)/
an advocate who presents a person, as for an award or a degree or an introduction
presidency
B2
/ˈpɹɛzɪdənsi/
the office and function of president
presidential
B2
/pɹɛzɪˈdɛnʃ(ə)l/
befitting a president
prestige
B2
/pɹɛsˈtiːd͡ʒ/
a high standing achieved through success, influence, or wealth
prestigious
B2
/pɹɛˈstiːd͡ʒəs/
exerting influence by reason of high status or prestige
presumably
B2
/pɹɪˈzuːməbli/
by reasonable assumption
prevail
B2
/pɹɪˈvæɪl/
use persuasion successfully
prevention
B2
/pɹɪˈvɛnʃən/
the act of preventing
preventive
B2
/pɹɪˈvɛntɪv/
preventing or contributing to the prevention of disease
previously
B2
/ˈpɹivi.əsli/
at an earlier time or formerly
priceless
B2
/ˈpraɪsləs/
So precious as not to be obtainable or sold at any price.
prick
B2
/pɹɪk/
the act of puncturing with a small point
primary
B2
/ˈpɹaɪˌmɛɹ.i/
coil forming the part of an electrical circuit such that changing current in it induces a current in a neighboring circuit
prime
B2
/pɹaɪ̯m/
being at the best stage of development
prime minister
B2
prior
B2
/ˈpɹaɪ.(ə)ɹ/
the head of a religious order
priority
B2
/pɹaɪˈɔɹ.(ə.)ti/
An item's relative importance.
privately
B2
/ˈpɹaɪvɪtli/
kept private or confined to those intimately concerned
privilege
B2
/ˈpɹɪv.ɪ.lɪd͡ʒ/
A particular benefit, advantage, or favor; a right or immunity enjoyed by some but not others; a prerogative, preferential treatment.
probable
B2
/ˈpɹɑbəbl̩/
apparently destined
probe
B2
/pɹoʊb/
an inquiry into unfamiliar or questionable activities
procedure
B2
/pɹəˈsid͡ʒɚ/
a particular course of action intended to achieve a result
profile
B2
/ˈpɹoʊfaɪl/
biographical sketch
profit
B2
/ˈpɹɑfɪt/
derive a benefit from
profitable
B2
/ˈpɹɑ.fɪ.tə.bl̩/
yielding material gain or profit
programmer
B2
/ˈpɹoʊɡɹæmɚ/
One who writes computer programs.
programming
B2
/ˈpɹoʊɡɹæmɪŋ/
The designing, scheduling or planning of a radio or television program/programme.
prohibit
B2
/pɹoʊˈhɪbɪt/
to command against
project
B2
/ˈpɹɐʊ.d͡ʒekt/
communicate vividly
projection
B2
/pɹəˈd͡ʒɛkʃən/
the acoustic phenomenon that gives sound a penetrating quality
prom
B2
/pɹɑm/
A formal ball held at a high school or college on special occasions; e.g., near the end of the academic year.
prominence
B2
/ˈpɹɑ.mɪ.nəns/
The state of being prominent: widely known or eminent.
prompt
B2
/pɹɑmpt/
ready and willing or quick to act
promptly
B2
/ˈpɹɑmptli/
in a punctual manner
proponent
B2
/pɹəˈpoʊnənt/
One who supports something; an advocate.
proposed
B2
/pɹəˈpoʊzd/
Suggested or planned but not yet implemented.
prose
B2
/ˈpɹoʊz/
Language, particularly written language, not intended as poetry.
prosecute
B2
/ˈpɹɒsɪkjuːt/
bring a criminal action against (in a trial)
prospect
B2
/ˈpɹɑspɛkt/
the possibility of future success
prosper
B2
/ˈpɹɑspɚ/
To be successful; to succeed; to be fortunate or prosperous; to thrive; to make gain.
proudly
B2
/ˈpɹaʊdli/
In a proud manner.
proven
B2
/ˈpɹu.vn̩/
established beyond doubt
province
B2
/ˈpɹɑv.ɪns/
the proper sphere or extent of your activities
provision
B2
/pɹəˈvɪʒ.ən/
a stipulated condition
proximity
B2
/pɹɑkˈsɪm.ɪ.ti/
Closeness; the state of being near as in space, time, or relationship.
psychologically
B2
/ˌsaɪkəˈlɑːdʒɪkli/
with regard to psychology
psychology
B2
/saɪˈkɑ.lə.d͡ʒi/
The study of the human mind.
publication
B2
/ˌpʌblɪˈkeɪʃ(ə)n/
The act of publishing printed or other matter.
publicity
B2
/pʌbˈlɪsɪti/
the quality of being open to public view
publicize
B2
/ˈpʌblɪˌsaɪz/
make public
pudding
B2
/ˈpʊd.ɪŋ/
any of various soft thick unsweetened baked dishes
pulse
B2
/pʌls/
produce or modulate (as electromagnetic waves) in the form of short bursts or pulses or cause an apparatus to produce pulses
pumpkin
B2
/ˈpʌm(p).kɪn/
A domesticated plant, in species Cucurbita pepo, similar in growth pattern, foliage, flower, and fruit to the squash or melon.
punch
B2
/pʌnt͡ʃ/
a blow with the fist
punctual
B2
/ˈpʌŋkt͡ʃuəl/
acting or arriving or performed exactly at the time appointed
punctuality
B2
/ˌpʌŋkt͡ʃuˈæləti/
The state of being punctual
purchase
B2
/ˈpɝ.t͡ʃəs/
the acquisition of something for payment
purposeful
B2
/ˈpɝ.pəs.fəl/
having meaning through having an aim
pursuit
B2
/pɜːɹˈsuːt/
the act of pursuing in an effort to overtake or capture
puzzled
B2
/ˈpʌ.zl̩d/
Confused or perplexed.
qualification
B2
/ˌkwɑlɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/
the act of modifying or changing the strength of some idea
quantify
B2
/ˈkwɑn.tɪˌfaɪ/
to express as a number
quarantine
B2
/ˈkwɔɹ.ən.tin/
isolation to prevent the spread of infectious disease, sometimes forced by law
quarrel
B2
/ˈkwɔɹəl/
an arrow that is shot from a crossbow
quarrelsome
B2
/ˈkwɔɹəlsəm/
given to quarreling
queer
B2
/kwɪɹ/
beyond or deviating from the usual or expected
query
B2
/ˈkwɪ.ɹi/
an instance of questioning
quotable
B2
/ˈkwəʊtəbəl/
able or fit to be repeated or quoted
quotation
B2
/kwoʊˈteɪʃn̩/
the practice of quoting from books or plays etc
quote
B2
/kwəʊt/
repeat a passage from
racism
B2
/ˈɹeɪsɪzm̩/
The belief that there are distinct human races with inherent differences which determine their abilities, and generally that some are superior and others inferior.
racist
B2
/ˈɹæɪ.sɪst/
based on racial intolerance
rack
B2
/ɹæk/
a support for displaying various articles
radar
B2
/ˈɹeɪˌdɑɹ/
In full primary radar: a method of detecting a distant object and determining its position, velocity, or other characteristics by analysing radio waves (usually microwaves) which are sent towards the object and which reflect off its surfaces; also, the field of study of this method.
radiate
B2
/ˈɹeɪdieɪt/
send out real or metaphoric rays
radical
B2
/ˈɹædɪkəl/
arising from or going to the root or source
radically
B2
/ˈɹædɪkli/
in a radical manner
radium
B2
/ˈɹeɪ.di.əm/
The chemical element (symbol Ra) with an atomic number of 88. It is a soft, shiny and silvery radioactive alkaline earth metal.
rafter
B2
/ˈɹæftəɹ/
One of a series of sloped beams that extend from the ridge or hip to the downslope perimeter or eave, designed to support the roof deck and its associated loads.
rag
B2
/ˈɹeɪ̯ɡ/
play in ragtime
rainbow
B2
/ˈɹeɪnboʊ/
an illusory hope
rainstorm
B2
/ˈɹeɪnstɔɹm/
A storm characterized by substantial, heavy rainfall.
rally
B2
/ˈrali/
the feat of mustering strength for a renewed effort
ram
B2
/ɹæm/
force into or from an action or state, either physically or metaphorically
ramp
B2
/ɹæmp/
creep up -- used especially of plants
ranger
B2
/ˈɹeɪ̯nd͡ʒɚ/
That which separates or arranges; a sieve.
rape
B2
/ˈɹæɪ̯p/
destroy and strip of its possession
rash
B2
/ˈræʃ/
imprudently incurring risk
rattle
B2
/ˈɹæ.təl/
a rapid series of short loud sounds (as might be heard with a stethoscope in some types of respiratory disorders)
ravage
B2
/ˈɹævɪd͡ʒ/
(usually plural) a destructive action
reaction
B2
/ɹiˈækʃən/
doing something in opposition to another way of doing it that you don't like
readily
B2
/ˈɹɛdɪli/
without much difficulty
real estate
B2
realization
B2
/ˌɹiə.lɪˈzeɪ.ʃən/
something that is made real or concrete
rear
B2
/ɹɪɹ/
the back of a military formation or procession
reasonably
B2
/ˈɹiː.zən.ə.bli/
In accordance with reason.
rebel
B2
/ˈɹɛb.əl/
A person who resists an established authority, often violently.
rebellious
B2
/ɹəˈbɛliəs/
resisting control or authority
recession
B2
/ɹɪˈsɛʃn̩/
The act or an instance of receding or withdrawing.
recipe
B2
/ˈɹɛs.ɪ.pi/
A formula for preparing or using a medicine; a prescription; also, a medicine prepared from such instructions.
reckon
B2
/ˈɹɛkən/
take account of
recognition
B2
/ˌɹɛkəɡˈnɪʃ(ə)n/
designation by the chair granting a person the right to speak in a deliberative body
recollect
B2
/ɹɛkəˈlɛkt/
recall knowledge from memory
recollection
B2
/ɹɛkəˈlɛkʃən/
The power of recalling ideas to the mind, or the period within which things can be recollected; remembrance.
recommendable
B2
Capable of being recommended.
recommendation
B2
/ˌɹɛkəmɛnˈdeɪʃən/
any quality or characteristic that gains a person a favorable reception or acceptance or admission
reconsider
B2
/ˈɹikənˌsɪdɚ/
To consider a matter again.
recreation
B2
/ɹɛkɹiˈeɪʃən/
Any activity, such as play, that amuses, diverts or stimulates.
recruit
B2
/ɹɪˈkɹut/
seek to employ
rectangular
B2
/ɹɛkˈtæŋɡjəlɚ/
having four right angles
redo
B2
/ɹiˈduː/
A repeated action; a doing again, refurbishment, etc.
redundant
B2
/ɹɪˈdɐn.dənt/
Superfluous; exceeding what is necessary, no longer needed.
reed
B2
/ɹiːd/
a vibrator consisting of a thin strip of stiff material that vibrates to produce a tone when air streams over it
reference
B2
/ˈɹɛf.ə.ɹɛns/
the act of referring or consulting
referent
B2
/ˈɹɛf(ə)ɹənt/
having reference
refinery
B2
/rɪˈfaɪnərɪ/
A building, or a mass of machinery, used to produce refined products such as sugar, oil, or metals.
reflective
B2
/ɹɪˈflɛktɪv/
devoted to matters of the mind
reform
B2
/ˌɹiːˈfɔɹm/
a change for the better as a result of correcting abuses
refrain
B2
/ɹɪˈfɹeɪn/
resist doing something
refresh
B2
/ɹɪˈfɹɛʃ/
make (to feel) fresh
refuge
B2
/ˈɹɛfjuːd͡ʒ/
A state of safety, protection or shelter.
refugee
B2
/ˈɹɛfjʊd͡ʒiː/
A person seeking refuge (as for shelter or protection), especially in a foreign country, out of fear or prospect of political, religious persecution, war, natural disaster, etc.
refute
B2
/ɹɪˈfjut/
overthrow by argument, evidence, or proof
regardless
B2
/ɹɪˈɡɑɹd.lɪs/
without due thought or consideration
reggae
B2
/ˈɹɛɡeɪ/
A music genre that originated in Jamaica in the late 1960s and is heavily associated with Rastafarianism, featuring a heavy bass line and percussive rhythm guitar on the offbeat, often with close vocal harmonies.
regime
B2
/ɹəˈʒiːm/
Mode of rule or management.
regrettably
B2
/rɪˈgrɛtəbli/
In a manner inspiring or deserving regret.
regulate
B2
/ˈɹɛɡjəleɪ̯t/
fix or adjust the time, amount, degree, or rate of
rehearsal
B2
/ɹɪˈhɝsl̩/
a practice session in preparation for a public performance, as of a play or speech or concert
reinforce
B2
/ˌɹi.ɪnˈfɔɹs/
make stronger
reinforcement
B2
/ˌɹiɪnˈfɔɹsmənt/
information that makes more forcible or convincing
rejection
B2
/ɹɪˈd͡ʒɛk.ʃən/
the act of rejecting something
rejoin
B2
/ɹɪˈd͡ʒɔɪn/
To join again; to unite after separation.
related
B2
/ɹɪˈleɪtɪd/
being connected either logically or causally or by shared characteristics
relativity
B2
/ɹɛl.əˈtɪv.ɪ.ti/
the quality of being relative and having significance only in relation to something else
relaxation
B2
/rᵻˌlækˈseɪ.ʃən/
an occurrence of control or strength weakening
relay
B2
/ˈɹiːleɪ/
the act of passing something along from one person or group to another
relevant
B2
/ˈɹɛləvənt/
having a bearing on or connection with the subject at issue
relic
B2
/ˈɹɛlɪk/
That which remains; that which is left after loss or decay; a remaining portion.
relief
B2
/ɹɪˈliːf/
the act of reducing something unpleasant
relieve
B2
/ɹɪˈliːv/
provide physical relief, as from pain
relieved
B2
/ɹɪˈliːvd/
Experiencing or exhibiting relief; freed from stress or discomfort.
reluctant
B2
/ɹɪˈlʌktənt/
not eager
remaining
B2
/ɹɪˈmeɪnɪŋ/
present participle and gerund of remain
remains
B2
/ɹɪˈmeɪnz/
the dead body of a human being
remarkably
B2
/ɹɪˈmɑɹkəbli/
In a remarkable manner.
reminder
B2
/ɹɪˈmaɪndəɹ/
a message that helps you remember something
rental
B2
/ˈɹɛntəl/
of or relating to rent
reorganize
B2
/riːˈɔrgəˌnaɪz/
organize anew
repaint
B2
/ɹiːˈpeɪnt/
paint again
repertoire
B2
/ˈɹɛp.əɹ.twɑɹ/
A list of dramas, operas, pieces, parts, etc., which a company or a person has rehearsed and is prepared to perform or display.
repetition
B2
/ˌɹɛp.əˈtɪʃ.ən/
The act or an instance of repeating or being repeated.
replacement
B2
/ɹɪˈpleɪsmənt/
an event in which one thing is substituted for another
replica
B2
/ˈɹɛplɪkə/
An exact copy.
repress
B2
/ɹəˈpɹɛs/
To forcefully prevent an upheaval from developing further.
repression
B2
/ɹəˈpɹɛʃən/
a state of forcible subjugation
reprint
B2
/ˈɹiːpɹɪnt/
print anew
reprove
B2
/ɹɪˈpɹuːv/
To criticise, rebuke, or reprimand (someone), usually in a gentle and kind tone.
residence
B2
/ˈɹɛz.ɪ.dəns/
the official house or establishment of an important person, as a sovereign or president
resign
B2
/ɹiːˈsaɪn/
accept as inevitable
resignation
B2
/ˌɹez.ɪɡˈnæɪ.ʃən/
a formal document giving notice of your intention to resign
resistance
B2
/ɹɪˈzɪstəns/
the action of opposing something that you disapprove or disagree with
resolution
B2
/ˌɹɛzəˈluːʃ(ə)n/
a decision to do something or to behave in a certain manner
resonant
B2
/ˈɹɛzənənt/
characterized by resonance
respectably
B2
/riːˈspɛktəbli/
in a decent and morally reputable manner
respected
B2
/ɹɪˈspɛktɪd/
receiving deferential regard
respiration
B2
/ɹɛspɪˈɹeɪʃən/
a single complete act of breathing in and out
respiratory
B2
/ˈɹɛs.pəɹ.əˌtɔɹ.i/
pertaining to respiration
restriction
B2
/ɹɪˈstɹɪkʃən/
the act of keeping something within specified bounds (by force if necessary)
resume
B2
/ɹɪˈzjuːm/
take up or begin anew
retailer
B2
/ˈɹiteɪlɚ/
A retail sales company or salesman.
retard
B2
/rɪˈtɑːrd/
cause to move more slowly or operate at a slower rate
retina
B2
/ˈɹɛt.ə.nə/
the innermost light-sensitive membrane covering the back wall of the eyeball
retirement
B2
/riːˈtaɪɝmənt/
An act of retiring; withdrawal.
retreat
B2
/ɹɪˈtɹiːt/
withdrawal for prayer and study and meditation
retrieve
B2
/ɹɪˈtɹiːv/
run after, pick up, and bring to the master
revelation
B2
/ˌɹɛv.əˈleɪ.ʃən/
The act of revealing or disclosing.
revenge
B2
/ɹəˈvɛnd͡ʒ/
Any form of personal, retaliatory action against an individual, institution, or group for some alleged or perceived harm or injustice.
revenue
B2
/ˈɹɛvəˌn(j)u/
The income returned by an investment.
reverence
B2
/ˈɹɛv.ə.ɹəns/
An act of showing respect, such as a bow.
reverse
B2
/ɹɪˈvɝs/
of the transmission gear causing backward movement in a motor vehicle
revival
B2
/ɹɪˈvaɪvəl/
bringing again into activity and prominence
revive
B2
/ɹəˈvaɪv/
give new life or energy to
revolution
B2
/ˌɹɛv.əˈluː.ʃən/
a drastic and far-reaching change in ways of thinking and behaving
revolutionary
B2
/ˌɹɛvəˈluʃənɛɹi/
markedly new or introducing radical change
revolutionize
B2
/ˌɹɛv.əˈl(j)u.ʃəˌnaɪz/
change radically
revolve
B2
/ɹɪˈvɑlv/
turn on or around an axis or a center
rhinoceros
B2
/ɹaɪˈnɑ.sə.ɹəs/
Any large herbivorous ungulate mammal native to Africa and Asia of the family Rhinocerotidae, with thick, gray skin and one or two horns on their snouts.
rhyme
B2
/ˈraɪm/
be similar in sound, especially with respect to the last syllable
rhythmic
B2
/ˈɹɪð.mɪk/
recurring with measured regularity
rib
B2
/ɹɪb/
form vertical ribs by knitting
rider
B2
/ˈɹaɪ.dəɹ/
Technical senses.
ridge
B2
/ˈrɪdʒ/
spade into alternate ridges and troughs
righteousness
B2
/ˈɹaɪt͡ʃəsnəs/
The quality or state of being righteous.
rightly
B2
/ˈraɪtli/
with honesty
rim
B2
/ɹɪm/
(basketball) the hoop from which the net is suspended
rip
B2
/ɹɪp/
the act of rending or ripping or splitting something
risky
B2
/ˈɹɪski/
Dangerous, involving risks.
rite
B2
/ˈraɪt/
any customary observance or practice
ritual
B2
/ˈɹɪt͡ʃ.u.əl/
of or relating to or employed in social rites or rituals
rival
B2
/ˈɹaɪvəl/
the contestant you hope to defeat
roam
B2
/ɹoʊm/
move about aimlessly or without any destination, often in search of food or employment
roar
B2
/ˈɹoɹ/
utter words loudly and forcefully
rocket
B2
/ˈɹɑk.ɪt/
any vehicle self-propelled by a rocket engine
rocky
B2
/ˈɹɑki/
full of hardship or trials
roommate
B2
/ˈɹu(m)ˌmeɪt/
A person sharing the same home albeit not the same room (but generally not a family member or spouse).
rosy
B2
/ˈɹoʊzi/
reflecting optimism
route
B2
/ɹʉːt/
A course or way which is traveled or passed.
royalty
B2
/ˈrɔɪəlti/
royal persons collectively
rub
B2
/ɹʊb/
the act of rubbing or wiping
rubble
B2
/ˈɹʌb.əl/
The broken remains of an object, usually rock or masonry.
rug
B2
/ɹʌɡ/
A (usually thick) piece of fabric used for warmth (especially on a bed); a blanket.
ruinous
B2
/ˈɹuː.ɪnəs/
Extremely costly; so expensive as to cause financial ruin.
rural
B2
/ˈɹʊɹ.əl/
living in or characteristic of farming or country life
rush hour
B2
rusty
B2
/ˈɹʌsti/
covered with or consisting of rust
sack
B2
/ˈsæk/
a hanging bed of canvas or rope netting, usually suspended between two trees
sag
B2
/sæɡ/
a shape that sags
sage
B2
/seɪd͡ʒ/
Wise.
sail
B2
/seɪl/
travel on water propelled by wind or by other means
salary
B2
/ˈsaləɾe/
A fixed amount of money paid to a worker, usually calculated on a monthly or annual basis, not hourly, as wages. Implies a degree of professionalism and/or autonomy.
salesmanship
B2
/ˈseɪlzmənˌʃɪp/
The art or skill of selling products, services or ideas through persuasion and effective communication.
salesperson
B2
/ˈseɪlzˌpɝːsən/
a person employed to represent a business and to sell its merchandise to customers in a store or to customers who are visited
saleswoman
B2
/ˈseɪlzˌwʊmən/
A woman whose occupation it is to sell things.
salon
B2
/səˈlɑn/
An art gallery or exhibition; especially the Paris salon or autumn salon.
salsa
B2
/ˈsɑl.sə/
A spicy tomato sauce of Mexican origin, often including onions and hot peppers.
salty
B2
/sɔl.ti/
Tasting of salt.
sandstone
B2
/ˈsændˌstoʊn/
A sedimentary rock produced by the consolidation and compaction of sand, cemented with clay etc.
sanitary
B2
/ˈsænɪˌtɛɹi/
free from filth and pathogens
sanitation
B2
/ˌsænɪˈteɪʃən/
The hygienic disposal or recycling of waste.
satisfactory
B2
/sætɪsˈfækt(ə)ɹi/
meeting requirements
saving
B2
/ˈsæɪ.vɪŋ/
characterized by thriftiness
scandal
B2
/ˈskændəl/
An incident or event that disgraces or damages the reputation of the persons or organization involved.
scar
B2
/skɑɹ/
mark with a scar
scarcely
B2
/ˈskɛɹsli/
Probably not.
scarlet
B2
/ˈskɑɹlɪt/
A brilliant red colour sometimes tinged with orange.
scent
B2
/sɛnt/
A distinctive smell.
scheduled
B2
/ˈskɛdʒʊld/
planned or scheduled for some certain time or times
scheme
B2
/skiːm/
A representation of the aspects of the celestial bodies for any moment or at a given event.
scholasticism
B2
/skəˈlæstɪˌsɪzəm/
A tradition or school of philosophy, originating in the Middle Ages, that combines classical philosophy with Catholic theology.
schoolgirl
B2
/ˈskuːlɡɜː(ɹ)l/
A girl attending school.
scientifically
B2
/ˌsɑe.ənˈtɪfɪkli/
Methodically.
scooter
B2
/ˈskuːtɝ/
A scooter skirt (skort), especially when worn by girls as part of a school uniform.
scramble
B2
/ˈskɹæmbl̩/
make unintelligible
scribble
B2
/ˈskɹɪbəl/
To write or draw carelessly and in a hurry.
scrooge
B2
/skɹuːd͡ʒ/
To behave in a greedy or miserly way.
scuba
B2
/ˈskuːbə/
a device that lets divers breathe under water
scythe
B2
/ˈsaɪð/
cut with a scythe
seal
B2
/siːl/
fastener consisting of a resinous composition that is plastic when warm
seasonal
B2
/ˈsiːzənəl/
occurring at or dependent on a particular season
second person
B2
secondary
B2
/ˈsɛkənˌdɛɹi/
not of major importance
secondly
B2
/ˈsɛk.(ə)ndli/
In the second place.
sector
B2
/ˈsɛk.təɹ/
a particular aspect of life or activity
seesaw
B2
/ˈsi.sɔ/
A series of alternating movements or feelings.
segment
B2
/ˈsɛɡmɛnt/
one of several parts or pieces that fit with others to constitute a whole object
seldom
B2
/ˈsɛldəm/
Infrequently, rarely.
self-confidence
B2
/ˌsɛlfˈkɑːnfədəns/
freedom from doubt
self-confident
B2
/ˌsɛlfˈkɑːnfədənt/
showing poise and confidence in your own worth
selfless
B2
/ˈsɛlfləs/
Having, exhibiting or motivated by no concern for oneself but for others; unselfish.
seller
B2
/ˈsɛlɚ/
Someone who sells; a vendor; a clerk.
semicolon
B2
/ˈsɛmikoʊlən/
The punctuation mark ;.
semi-final
B2
Alternative spelling of semifinal.
seminar
B2
/ˈsɛmɪnɑɹ/
A class held for advanced studies in which students meet regularly to discuss original research, under the guidance of a professor.
senator
B2
/ˈsɛn.ə.tɚ/
A member, normally elected, in the house or chamber of a legislature called a senate, as, for instance, the legislatures of the United States and Canada.
sensible
B2
/ˈsɛn.sə.bəl/
aware intuitively or intellectually of something sensed
sensitive
B2
/ˈsɛn.sɪt.ɪv/
responsive to physical stimuli
separately
B2
/ˈsɛp.ɹət.li/
In a separate manner; not together; apart.
serene
B2
/səˈɹi(ː)n/
completely clear and fine
serial
B2
/ˈsɪɹ.i.əl/
in regular succession without gaps
servant
B2
/ˈsɝvənt/
a person working in the service of another (especially in the household)
setback
B2
/ˈsɛtbæk/
An obstacle, delay, disadvantage, or blow (an adverse event which slows down, or prevents progress towards a desired outcome).
sexism
B2
/ˈsɛksɪzm̩/
The belief that people of one sex (or gender) are inherently different from those of another sex, and generally that one sex is superior to others.
sexual
B2
/sɛk.ʃu.əl/
involved in a sexual relationship
sexy
B2
/ˈsɛk.si/
marked by or tending to arouse sexual desire or interest
shabby
B2
/ˈʃæbi/
mean and unworthy and despicable
shaken
B2
/ˈʃeɪkən/
Moved rapidly in opposite directions alternatingly.
Shakespearean
B2
/ʃeɪkˈspɪɹi.ən/
of or relating to William Shakespeare or his works
shaky
B2
/ˈʃeɪki/
Shaking or trembling.
sharply
B2
/ˈʃɑɹpli/
in an aggressive manner
shatter
B2
/ˈʃæt.ɚ/
break into many pieces
shed
B2
/ʃɛd/
cast off hair, skin, horn, or feathers
shield
B2
/ˈʃiːld/
Anything that protects or defends; defense; shelter; protection.
shipping
B2
/ˈʃɪpɪŋ/
The transportation of goods.
shipwreck
B2
/ˈʃɪpɹɛk/
an irretrievable loss
shooting
B2
/ˈʃuːtɪŋ/
the act of firing a projectile
shopkeeper
B2
/ˈʃɒpkiːpɚ/
a merchant who owns or manages a shop
shoplift
B2
/ˈʃɒplɪft/
A shoplifter.
shoplifter
B2
/ˈʃɑːˌplɪftɝ/
A person who shoplifts, one who steals from shops.
shoplifting
B2
/ˈʃɑːˌplɪftɪŋ/
the act of stealing goods that are on display in a store
shortness
B2
/ˈʃɔrtnəs/
the property of being of short temporal extent
short-term
B2
/ˌʃɔrtˈtɝːm/
Of or pertaining to the near or immediate future.
showbiz
B2
/ˈʃoʊˌbɪz/
Clipping of showbusiness.
showcase
B2
/ˈʃoʊˌkeɪs/
a setting in which something can be displayed to best effect
shrink
B2
/ˈʃɹɪŋk/
To cause to become smaller.
shrug
B2
/ˈʃrʌg/
A lifting of the shoulders to signal indifference or a casual lack of knowledge.
significantly
B2
/sɪɡˈnɪfɪkəntli/
in a significant manner
signify
B2
/ˈsɪɡnɪfaɪ/
To show one’s intentions with a sign etc.; to indicate, announce, or portend.
silverware
B2
/ˈsɪlvə(ɹ)ˌwɛə(ɹ)/
Trophies, success in a competition.
simplification
B2
/ˌsɪm.plə.fəˈkeɪ.ʃən/
the act of reducing complexity
simultaneous
B2
/ˌsaɪ̯.məlˈteɪ̯.ni.əs/
occurring or operating at the same time
sincere
B2
/sɪnˈsɪɹ/
Genuine; meaning what one says or does; heartfelt.
sincerity
B2
/sɪnˈsɛɹəti/
a quality of naturalness and simplicity
sister-in-law
B2
/ˈsɪs.tɚ.ɪn.lɔ/
A female relative of one's generation, separated by one degree of marriage:
skateboard
B2
/ˈskeɪtˌbɔrd/
A narrow, wooden or plastic platform mounted on pairs of wheels, on which one stands and propels oneself by pushing along the ground with one foot.
skateboarder
B2
A person who rides a skateboard.
sketch
B2
/sket͡ʃ/
describe roughly or briefly or give the main points or summary of
skilled
B2
/skɪld/
having or showing or requiring special skill
skillful
B2
/ˈskɪl.fəl/
Possessing skill; skilled.
skillfully
B2
/ˈskɪlfəli/
with skill
skim
B2
/skɪm/
used of milk and milk products from which the cream has been removed
skip
B2
/skɪp/
bypass, move beyond
skylark
B2
/ˈskaɪlɑɹk/
To jump about joyfully, frolic; to play around, play tricks.
skyward
B2
/ˈskaɪwɝd/
toward the sky
slam
B2
/ˈslæm/
strike violently
slang
B2
/ˈslæŋ/
Language outside of conventional usage and in the informal register.
slap
B2
/slæp/
hit with something flat, like a paddle or the open hand
slash
B2
/slæʃ/
cut drastically
slaughter
B2
/ˈslɔtɚ/
kill (animals) usually for food consumption
sliver
B2
/ˈslɪv.ɚ/
form into slivers
sloppy
B2
/ˈslɑ.pi/
lacking neatness or order
smash
B2
/smæʃ/
with a loud crash
smokestack
B2
/ˈsmoʊkˌstæk/
A conduit or group of conduits atop a structure allowing smoke to flow out, as on a steam locomotive, ship, factory, or power plant using fossil fuels.
snap
B2
/snæp/
(American football) putting the ball in play by passing it (between the legs) to a back
sneak
B2
/sniːk/
to go stealthily or furtively
sneer
B2
/snɪɚ̯/
smile contemptuously
sniff
B2
/snəf/
inhale audibly through the nose
snore
B2
/snoɹ/
breathe noisily during one's sleep
snowball
B2
/ˈsnoʊbɔl/
snow pressed into a ball for throwing
soak
B2
/soʊk/
the process of becoming softened and saturated as a consequence of being immersed in water, or other liquid
soaked
B2
/səʊkt/
very drunk
soaking
B2
/ˈsoʊkɪŋ/
Immersion in water; a drenching or dunking.
soar
B2
/soɹ/
go or move upward
sob
B2
/ˌɛs oʊ ˈbi/
weep convulsively
so-called
B2
/ˈsoʊˌkɔld/
doubtful or suspect
sociable
B2
/ˈsoʊʃəbəl/
friendly and pleasant
socialize
B2
/ˈsoʊʃəlaɪz/
To interact with others, especially personally, informally and off the clock rather than formally and officially.
softness
B2
/ˈsɔftnəs/
a disposition to be lenient in judging others
solar
B2
/ˈsoʊ.ləɹ/
relating to or derived from the sun or utilizing the energies of the sun
solidity
B2
/səˈlɪdɪti/
the quality of being solid and reliable financially or factually or morally
soliloquy
B2
/səˈlɪləkwi/
a usually long dramatic speech intended to give the illusion of unspoken reflections
solo
B2
/ˈsoʊ.loʊ/
composed or performed by a single voice or instrument
solvent
B2
/ˈsɔlvənt/
a liquid substance capable of dissolving other substances
somewhat
B2
/ˈsʌmwʌt/
to a small degree or extent
son-in-law
B2
/ˈsʌnɪnˌlɔː/
The husband of one's child.
sonnet
B2
/ˈsɒnɪt/
To compose sonnets.
sophisticated
B2
/səˈfɪstəˌkeɪtɪd/
intellectually appealing
soundtrack
B2
/ˈsaʊndˌtɹæk/
A background sound that is part of a larger event.
southward
B2
/ˈsaʊθwɝd/
The direction or area lying to the south of a place.
Soviet
B2
/ˈsoʊvi.ət/
of or relating to or characteristic of the former Soviet Union or its people
soybean
B2
/ˈsɔɪˌbin/
the most highly proteinaceous vegetable known
spa
B2
/ˈspɑ/
A health club.
span
B2
/spæːn/
the complete duration of something
spare
B2
/spɛɚ/
thin and fit
sparerib
B2
/ˌspɛɚˈɹɪb/
A cut of meat including the rib bones.
spark
B2
/spɑɹk/
merriment expressed by a brightness or gleam or animation of countenance
sparkling
B2
/ˈspɑɹkl̩ɪŋ/
shining with brilliant points of light like stars
sparrow
B2
/ˈspæɹ.oʊ/
The house sparrow, Passer domesticus; a small bird with a short bill, and brown, white and gray feathers.
specialty
B2
/ˈspɛʃ.əl.ti/
That in which one specializes; a chosen expertise or talent; bailiwick.
species
B2
/ˈspiːʃiːz/
a specific kind of something
specifically
B2
/spəˈsəf.ə.kli/
in distinction from others
specify
B2
/ˈspɛs.əˌfaɪ/
be specific about
spectacle
B2
/ˈspɛktəkl̩/
a blunder that makes you look ridiculous
speeder
B2
/ˈspiːdɝ/
A fast worker selected by a company to exemplify the rate of work generally expected; a pacesetter.
spellbound
B2
/ˈspɛlˌbaʊnd/
Under the influence of a magical spell; enchanted, bewitched, or supernaturally constrained.
spin
B2
/spɪn/
a distinctive interpretation (especially as used by politicians to sway public opinion)
spite
B2
/spaɪt/
Ill will or hatred toward another, accompanied with the desire to unjustifiably irritate, annoy, or thwart; a want to disturb or put out another; mild malice
splatter
B2
/ˈsplætɚ/
An uneven shape or mess created by something dispersing on impact.
spokesman
B2
/ˈspoʊksmən/
One who speaks as the voice of another person or a group of people.
spokeswoman
B2
/ˈspoʊkˌswʊmən/
A woman who speaks as the voice of a group of people.
spray
B2
/spɹeɪ/
a quantity of small objects flying through the air
spreadsheet
B2
/ˈspɹɛd.ʃit/
A computer application for organization, analysis, and storage of data in tabular form.
sprint
B2
/spɹɪnt/
To run, cycle, etc. at top speed for a short period.
spur
B2
/spɝ/
a sharp prod fixed to a rider's heel and used to urge a horse onward
squad
B2
/ˈskwɑd/
A group of people organized for some common purpose, usually of about ten members.
squash
B2
/skwɔʃ/
a game played in an enclosed court by two or four players who strike the ball with long-handled rackets
squeeze
B2
/skwiːz/
the act of forcing yourself (or being forced) into or through a restricted space
stab
B2
/stæb/
a strong blow with a knife or other sharp pointed instrument
stability
B2
/stəˈbɪlɪti/
The condition of being stable or in equilibrium, and thus resistant to change.
stack
B2
/ˈstæk/
arrange the order of so as to increase one's winning chances
stagger
B2
/ˈstæɡɚ/
to arrange in a systematic order
stain
B2
/steɪn/
a soiled or discolored appearance
stake
B2
/steɪk/
mark with a stake
stammer
B2
/ˈstæmɚ/
To utter with a stammer, or with timid hesitancy.
standby
B2
/ˈstændˌbaɪ/
ready for emergency use
standstill
B2
/[ˈstɛən(d)ˌstɪɫ]/
Complete immobility; a halt.
stanza
B2
/ˈstænzə/
An XML element which acts as basic unit of meaning in XMPP.
startle
B2
/ˈstɑɹt(ə)l/
to stimulate to action
starvation
B2
/stɑɹˈveɪʃən/
the act of depriving of food or subjecting to famine
starve
B2
/stɑɹv/
die of food deprivation
starving
B2
/ˈstɑɹvɪŋ/
present participle and gerund of starve
statesman
B2
/ˈsteɪtsmən/
a man who is a respected leader in national or international affairs
statewide
B2
/steɪtˈwaɪd/
occurring or extending throughout a state
statistics
B2
/stəˈtɪs.tɪks/
A discipline, principally within applied mathematics, concerned with the systematic study of the collection, presentation, analysis, and interpretation of data.
steely
B2
/ˈstiːli/
resembling steel as in hardness
steer
B2
/stɪɹ/
direct oneself somewhere
steering wheel
B2
stepfather
B2
/ˈstɛpˌfɑːðɝ/
The husband of one's biological mother after her initial marriage to or relationship with one's biological father.
stepmother
B2
/ˈstɛpˌməðɝ/
A viola, especially Viola tricolor, heartsease.
stereotype
B2
/ˈstɛɹ.i.əˌtaɪp/
a conventional or formulaic conception or image
stern
B2
/stɝn/
Having a hardness and severity of nature or manner.
stew
B2
/stʃʉː/
agitation resulting from active worry
stiff
B2
/stɪf/
not moving or operating freely
stimulant
B2
/ˈstɪmjʊlənt/
that stimulates
stimulate
B2
/ˈstɪm.jəˌleɪt/
cause to be alert and energetic
stimulation
B2
/ˈstɪm.jəˈleɪ.ʃən/
mutual sexual fondling prior to sexual intercourse
stingy
B2
/ˈstɪnd͡ʒi/
unwilling to spend
stink
B2
/stɪŋk/
be extremely bad in quality or in one's performance
stitch
B2
/ˈstɪtʃ/
An arrangement of stitches in sewing, or method of stitching in some particular way or style.
stock
B2
/stɑk/
regularly and widely used or sold
stock market
B2
stockpile
B2
/ˈstɑkˌpaɪl/
goods accumulated for future use
stonework
B2
Constructions made of stone.
stool
B2
/stuːl/
A plant that has been cut down until its main stem is close to the ground, resembling a stool, to promote new growth.
stopover
B2
/ˈstɑpˌoʊvɚ/
a brief stay in the course of a journey
stopwatch
B2
/ˈstɑːpˌwɑːtʃ/
a timepiece that can be started or stopped for exact timing
straighten
B2
/ˈstɹeɪtn̩/
get up from a sitting or slouching position
straightforward
B2
/ˌstɹeɪtˈfɔː(ɹ)wə(ɹ)d/
pointed directly ahead
strait
B2
/stɹeɪt/
narrow
strand
B2
/stɹænd/
a pattern forming a unity within a larger structural whole
strangle
B2
/ˈstɹeɪ̯ŋɡ(ə)l/
kill by squeezing the throat of so as to cut off the air
strictly
B2
/ˈstɹɪktli/
restricted to something
stride
B2
/stɹaɪd/
significant progress (especially in the phrase 'make strides')
striking
B2
/ˈstɹaɪkɪŋ/
Making a strong impression.
strive
B2
/ˈstɹaɪv/
To try to achieve a result; to make strenuous effort; to try earnestly and persistently.
stroke
B2
/stɹoʊk/
(golf) the unit of scoring in golf is the act of hitting the ball with a club
stubbornly
B2
/ˈstʌbɝnli/
in a stubborn unregenerate manner
stylist
B2
/ˈstaɪlɪst/
A writer or speaker distinguished for excellence or individuality of style; one who cultivates, or is a master or critic of, literary style.
subcontinent
B2
/səbˈkɑːntɪnənt/
a large and distinctive landmass that is a distinct part of some continent, for example India
subculture
B2
/ˈsʌbˌkʌltʃɚ/
A portion of a culture distinguished by its customs or other features, often in contrast to the larger mainstream culture.
subdivision
B2
/ˈsʌbdɪvɪʒən/
A division into smaller pieces of something that has already been divided.
subjunctive
B2
/səbˈd͡ʒʌŋktɪv/
relating to a mood of verbs
submit
B2
/səbˈmɪt/
put before
subplot
B2
/ˈsʌb.plɑt/
A plot within a story, subsidiary to the main plot.
subside
B2
/sʌbˈsaɪd/
wear off or die down
substance
B2
/ˈsʌbstəns/
the real physical matter of which a person or thing consists
subtitle
B2
/ˈsʌbtaɪtəl/
to supply a movie with subtitles
subtle
B2
/ˈsʌtəl/
difficult to detect or grasp by the mind or analyze
subtract
B2
/səbˈtɹækt/
take off or away
suburb
B2
/ˈsʌbɝb/
A residential area located on the outskirts of a city or large town that usually includes businesses that cater to its residents; such as schools, grocery stores, shopping centers, restaurants, convenience stores, etc.
successive
B2
/səkˈsɛsɪv/
Coming one after the other in a series.
suck
B2
/sʌk/
draw into the mouth by creating a practical vacuum in the mouth
sue
B2
/sjuː/
To file a legal action against someone, generally a non-criminal (civil) action.
suffering
B2
/ˈsʌfəɹɪŋ/
troubled by pain or loss
sufficiently
B2
/səˈfɪʃəntli/
to a sufficient degree
suitably
B2
/ˈsuːtəbli/
In a suitable manner; with propriety.
sulfur
B2
/ˈsʊl.fə/
A chemical element with atomic number 16, having a bright yellow color and characteristic smell, used commercially in a variety of products such as insecticides, black powder, and matchsticks.
sunbeam
B2
/ˈsʌnˌbiːm/
A ray of sunlight; especially, a visible, narrow, and intense (relative to ambient light) ray of sunlight (as revealed by, for example, its diffraction among dust particles).
superb
B2
/suˈpɝb/
surpassingly good
superintendent
B2
/ˌsjuːpəɹɪnˈtɛndənt/
A police officer rank, positioned above chief inspector, and below chief superintendent.
supernatural
B2
/ˌsu.pəɹˈnæ.tʃə.ɹəl/
supernatural forces and events and beings collectively
supervise
B2
/ˈsu.pɚˌvaɪz/
To oversee or direct a task or organization.
supervision
B2
/ˌsupɚˈvɪʒən/
The act or instance of supervising.
supervisor
B2
/ˈsupɚˌvaɪzɚ/
A person with the official task of overseeing the work of a person or group, or of other operations and activities.
supplement
B2
/ˈsʌp.lə.mənt/
add as a supplement to what seems insufficient
supplier
B2
/səˈplaɪə/
One who supplies; a provider.
suppress
B2
/səˈpɹes/
reduce the incidence or severity of or stop
surge
B2
/sɝd͡ʒ/
a sudden or abrupt strong increase
surrender
B2
/səˈɹɛndə(ɹ)/
give up or agree to forgo to the power or possession of another
surroundings
B2
/səˈɹaʊndɪŋz/
The area surrounding someone or something, together with the objects and circumstances in the vicinity; the environment or ambiance.
surveillance
B2
/sɚˈveɪ.ləns/
Close observation of an individual or group; person or persons under suspicion.
suspend
B2
/səsˈpɛnd/
cause to be held in suspension in a fluid
suspicious
B2
/səˈspɪʃ.əs/
Arousing suspicion.
suspiciously
B2
/səˈspɪʃəsli/
with suspicion
sustain
B2
/səˈstæɪn/
undergo, as of injuries and illnesses
swan
B2
/swɑn/
sweep majestically
sweep
B2
/swip/
a movement in an arc
swift
B2
/swɪft/
Fast; quick; rapid.
swing
B2
/ˈswɪŋ/
a sweeping blow or stroke
syllable
B2
/ˈsɪl.ə.bᵻl/
a unit of spoken language larger than a phoneme
symbolic
B2
/sɪmˈbɑːlɪk/
relating to or using or proceeding by means of symbols
sympathetic
B2
/ˌsɪm.pəˈθɛt.ɪk/
relating to vibrations that occur as a result of vibrations in a nearby body
sympathize
B2
/ˈsɪmpəˌθaɪz/
To have, show or express sympathy; to be affected by feelings similar to those of another, in consequence of knowing the person to be thus affected
synonym
B2
/ˈsɪn.əˌnɪm/
A term (word or phrase) which is synonymous with others.
tablecloth
B2
/ˈteɪbəlˌklɔθ/
A cloth used to cover and protect a table, especially for a dining table.
tabloid
B2
/ˈtæbˌlɔɪd/
A small, compressed portion of a chemical, drug, food substance, etc.; a pill, a tablet.
tack
B2
/ˈtæk/
fasten with tacks
tackle
B2
/ˈtækəl/
in American football, a position on the line of scrimmage
tactile
B2
/ˈtæktaɪl/
producing a sensation of touch
tag
B2
/teɪɡ/
a label associated with something for the purpose of identification
tail
B2
/ˈteːl/
The caudal appendage of an animal that is attached to their posterior and near the anus or cloaca.
tame
B2
/teɪm/
very docile
tan
B2
/ˈtæn/
A darkening of the skin resulting from exposure to sunlight or similar light sources.
tanned
B2
/tænd/
Having a suntan.
tatter
B2
/ˈtætə(ɹ)/
A shred of torn cloth; an individual item of torn and ragged clothing.
tattoo
B2
/tæˈtuː/
An image made on a body part, usually the skin with ink and a needle.
taunt
B2
/tɔnt/
A scornful or mocking remark; a jeer or mockery.
teaspoon
B2
/ˈtiˌspun/
To serve with a teaspoon
technical
B2
/ˈtɛt.nɪ.kəl/
of or relating to or requiring special knowledge to be understood
technically
B2
/ˈtɛk.nɪˌkəl.i/
with regard to technical skill and the technology available
telescope
B2
/ˈtɛl.əˌskoʊp/
make smaller or shorter
temperate
B2
/ˈtɛmpəɹət/
not extreme in behavior
temporarily
B2
/ˌtɛmpəˈɹɛɹəli/
For a limited period of time; not permanently.
temptation
B2
/ˌtɛmpˈteɪʃən/
the desire to have or do something that you know you should avoid
tender
B2
/ˈtɛn.dɚ/
young and immature
tenderly
B2
/ˈtɛn.dɚ.li/
In a tender manner; gently; sweetly.
tenderness
B2
/ˈtɛn.dɚ.nɪs/
a pain that is felt (as when the area is touched)
terrace
B2
/ˈtɛɹəs/
make into terraces as for cultivation
terrifying
B2
/ˈtɛɹɪfaɪ.ɪŋ/
causing extreme terror
territory
B2
/ˈtɛɹɪˌtɔɹi/
an area of knowledge or interest
testify
B2
/ˈtɛstɪfaɪ/
To make a declaration, or give evidence, under oath.
testimony
B2
/ˈtɛstɪmoʊni/
something that serves as evidence
theme
B2
/θiːm/
a unifying idea that is a recurrent element in literary or artistic work
theorist
B2
/ˈθiːəɹəst/
Someone who constructs theories, especially in the arts or sciences.
therapist
B2
/ˈθɛɹəpɪst/
Someone who provides therapy, usually professionally.
therapy
B2
/ˈθɛɹ.ə.pi/
Attempted remediation of a health problem following a diagnosis, usually synonymous with treatment.
thereafter
B2
/ˌðɛəɹˈæf.tə(ɹ)/
from that time on
thermometer
B2
/θɚˈmɒmɪtɚ/
An apparatus used to measure temperature.
thesis
B2
/ˈθisɪs/
Senses relating to logic, rhetoric, etc.
thickly
B2
/ˈθɪkli/
spoken with poor articulation as if with a thick tongue
thickness
B2
/ˈθɪknəs/
indistinct articulation
thigh
B2
/θaɪ/
The upper leg of a human, between the hip and the knee.
thinker
B2
/ˈθɪŋ.kɚ/
One who spends time thinking, contemplating or meditating.
third person
B2
thirdly
B2
/ˈθɚdli/
In the third place; third in a row.
thoroughly
B2
/ˈθɜɹ.ə.li/
in an exhaustive manner
thoughtful
B2
/ˈθɔtfəl/
taking heed
thoughtless
B2
/ˈθɔtləs/
without care or thought for others
thread
B2
/θɹɛd/
pass through or into
threaten
B2
/ˈθrɛtən/
to be a menacing indication of something:'The clouds threaten rain'
thrill
B2
/θɹɪl/
something that causes you to experience a sudden intense feeling or sensation
thrilled
B2
/θɹɪld/
Extremely excited or delighted.
thrilling
B2
/ˈθɹɪlɪŋ/
causing quivering or shivering as by cold or fear or electric shock
throat
B2
/ˈθɹoʊt/
a passage resembling a throat in shape or function
tickle
B2
/ˈtɪkl̩/
touch or stroke lightly
tightrope
B2
/ˈtaɪtˌɹoʊp/
tightly stretched rope or wire on which acrobats perform high above the ground
timeless
B2
/ˈtaɪmləs/
Eternal.
timeliness
B2
/ˈtaɪmliːnəs/
timely convenience
times
B2
/tɑemz/
a more or less definite period of time now or previously present
timing
B2
/ˈtaɪmɪŋ/
The regulation of the pace of e.g. an athletic race, the speed of an engine, the delivery of a joke, or the occurrence of a series of events.
tiptoe
B2
/ˈtɪpˌtoʊ/
on tiptoe or as if on tiptoe
tiredness
B2
/ˈtaɪɝdnɪs/
temporary loss of strength and energy resulting from hard physical or mental work
tiresome
B2
/ˈtaɪɚsəm/
Causing fatigue or boredom; wearisome.
toenail
B2
/ˈtəʊˌneɪl/
The thin, horny, transparent plate covering the upper surface of the end of a toe.
toil
B2
/tɔɪl/
productive work, especially physical work done for wages
tolerant
B2
/ˈtɑːləɹənt/
showing the capacity for endurance
tolerate
B2
/ˈtɑ.lə.ɹeɪt/
have a tolerance for a poison or strong drug or pathogen or environmental condition
toll
B2
/təʊl/
a fee levied for the use of roads or bridges, often used for maintenance
tomb
B2
/tum/
A pit in which the dead body of a human being is deposited.
ton
B2
/tʌn/
Any large, excessive, or overwhelming amount of anything.
torch
B2
/tɔɹt͡ʃ/
tall-stalked very woolly mullein with densely packed yellow flowers
tortoiseshell
B2
/ˈtɔː(ɹ)təˌʃɛl/
Having markings resembling covering of carapace of hawksbill turtle.
torture
B2
/ˈtoɹt͡ʃɚ/
The infliction of severe pain or anguish, especially as an interrogation technique or punishment; (usually in the plural) a technique, method, or device which is designed to inflict such anguish.
tough
B2
/tɐf/
physically toughened
toxic
B2
/ˈtɑk.sɪk/
of or relating to or caused by a toxin or poison
trader
B2
/ˈtɹeɪdɚ/
someone who purchases and maintains an inventory of goods to be sold
trailer
B2
/ˈtɹeɪlɚ/
Someone who or something that trails (follows behind); something that is trailing.
trainee
B2
/tɹeɪˈni/
someone who is being trained
trainer
B2
/ˈtɹeɪnɚ/
A person who trains another; a coach.
trait
B2
/tɹeɪt/
An identifying characteristic, habit or trend.
traitor
B2
/ˈtɹeɪtɚ/
Someone who violates an allegiance and betrays their country; someone guilty of treason; one who, in breach of trust, delivers their country to an enemy, or yields up any fort or place entrusted to their defense, or surrenders an army or body of troops to the enemy, unless when vanquished.
tramp
B2
/ˈtɹæmp/
a heavy footfall
trample
B2
/ˈtɹæmpəl/
the sound of heavy treading or stomping
transcript
B2
/[ˈtʃɹʷænskɹʷɪp̚t]/
Something which has been transcribed; a writing or composition consisting of the same words as the original; a written copy.
transfusion
B2
/tɹænzˈfjuʒən/
the introduction of blood or blood plasma into a vein or artery
transient
B2
/ˈtɹæn.ʃənt/
one who stays for only a short time
transistor
B2
/tɹænˈzɪs.tɚ/
A solid-state semiconductor device, with three terminals, which can be used for amplification, switching, voltage stabilization, signal modulation, and many other functions.
transition
B2
/tɹænˈzɪ.ʃən/
make or undergo a transition (from one state or system to another)
transitive
B2
/ˈtɹænzɪtɪv/
Making a transit or passage.
translation
B2
/tɹænzˈleɪʃən/
the act of changing in form or shape or appearance
translator
B2
/ˈtɹænzleɪtɚ/
Synonym of carrier, a person who transports something, now particularly (Roman Catholicism, rare) holy relics.
transmission
B2
/tɹænsˈmɪʃən/
A device, usually an assembly of gears (gearbox) plus a clutch or torque converter, through which power is sent from the engine to the driveshaft in an automobile (motor car or motor truck).
transmit
B2
/tɹænsˈmɪt/
send from one person or place to another
transparent
B2
/tɹænsˈpæɹənt/
easily understood or seen through (because of a lack of subtlety)
traverse
B2
/tɹəˈvɝs/
to cover or extend over an area or time period
tray
B2
/tɹeɪ/
an open receptacle for holding, displaying, or serving articles or food
tread
B2
/tɹɛd/
mate with
treaty
B2
/ˈtɹiti/
A formal binding agreement concluded by subjects of international law, namely, states and international organizations; a convention, a pact.
trek
B2
/tɹɛk/
make a long and difficult journey
tremendously
B2
/trəˈmɛndəsli/
Greatly; enormously
tremor
B2
/ˈtɹɛmɚ/
A shake, quiver, or vibration.
trial
B2
/ˈtɹaɪəl/
the act of testing something
triangle
B2
/ˈtɹaɪˌæŋɡəl/
something approximating the shape of a triangle
tribe
B2
/tɹaɪb/
An ethnic group larger than a band or clan (and which may contain clans) but smaller than a nation (and which in turn may constitute a nation with other tribes). The tribe is often the basis of ethnic identity.
tricky
B2
/ˈtɹɪk.i/
Hard to deal with, complicated.
trio
B2
/ˈtɹioʊ/
A group of three people or things.
trivial
B2
/ˈtɹɪv.i.əl/
concerned with trivialities
trolley
B2
/ˈtrɑːli/
A streetcar or light train.
troop
B2
/tɹuːp/
an orderly crowd
trophy
B2
/ˈtɹoʊfi/
An object, usually in the form of a statuette, cup, or shield, awarded for success in a competition or to mark a special achievement.
tropic
B2
/ˈtɹɒpɪk/
of weather or climate
troublesome
B2
/ˈtɹʌbəlsəm/
difficult to deal with
trunk
B2
/tɹʌŋk/
compartment in an automobile that carries luggage or shopping or tools
trusty
B2
/ˈtrʌsti/
Reliable or trustworthy.
truthful
B2
/ˈtɹuːθ.f(ə)l/
Honest, and always telling the truth.
truthfulness
B2
/ˈtɹuθfəlnəs/
The quality of being truthful.
tub
B2
/tʌb/
the amount that a tub will hold
tuberculosis
B2
/tuˌbɚkjʊˈloʊsɪs/
infection transmitted by inhalation or ingestion of tubercle bacilli and manifested in fever and small lesions, usually in the lungs but in various other parts of the body in acute stages
tug
B2
/tʌɡ/
to struggle in opposition
tuition
B2
/tjʉːˈɪʃən/
teaching pupils individually, usually by a tutor hired privately
tulip
B2
/ˈtulɪp/
any of numerous perennial bulbous herbs having linear or broadly lanceolate leaves and usually a single showy flower
tumor
B2
/tuː.məɹ/
An abnormal growth; differential diagnosis includes abscess, metaplasia, and neoplasia.
tunnel
B2
/ˈtʌn(ə)l/
a passageway through or under something, usually underground, especially one for trains or cars
turbulent
B2
/ˈtɝbjələnt/
agitated vigorously
tutor
B2
/ˈtjuːtəː/
One who teaches another (usually called a student, learner, or tutee) in a one-on-one or small-group interaction.
twinkle
B2
/ˈtwɪŋ.kəl/
emit or reflect light in a flickering manner
twisted
B2
/ˈtwɪstɪd/
having an intended meaning altered or misrepresented
typhoid
B2
/ˈtaɪ.fɔɪd/
Ellipsis of typhoid fever.
tyranny
B2
/ˈtərəni/
A system of government in which power is exercised on behalf of the ruler or ruling class, without regard to the wishes of the governed.
tyrant
B2
/ˈtaɪrənt/
any person who exercises power in a cruel way
ultimate
B2
/ălʈɪmeʈ/
being the last or concluding element of a series
ultimately
B2
/ˈʌl.tɪ.mɪt.li/
as the end result of a succession or process
unacceptable
B2
/ˌʌn.ækˈsɛp.tə.bl̩/
not adequate to give satisfaction
unashamedly
B2
/ˌʌnəˈʃeɪmɪdli/
without shame
unattractive
B2
/ˌənəˈtræktɪv/
lacking beauty or charm
unauthorized
B2
/əˈnɔθɝˌaɪzd/
without official authorization
unavailable
B2
/ˌʌnəˈveɪləbəl/
not available or accessible or at hand
unaware
B2
/ˌʌnəˈwɛɚ/
(often followed by `of') not aware
unbearable
B2
/ənˈbɛrəbəl/
incapable of being put up with
unbeatable
B2
/ˌənˈbiːtəbəl/
hard to defeat
unchanged
B2
/ʌnˈt͡ʃeɪnd͡ʒd/
not made or become different
uncharacteristic
B2
/ˌənˌkɛrɪktɝˈɪstɪk/
distinctive and not typical
unclearly
B2
In an unclear manner.
uncomfortably
B2
/ənˈkʌmftəbli/
in physical discomfort
uncommon
B2
/ʌnˈkɒmən/
Rare; not readily found; unusual.
unconcerned
B2
/ˌənkənˈsɝːnd/
lacking in interest or care or feeling
unconscious
B2
/ˌʌnˈkɑnʃəs/
Not awake; having no awareness (usually as the result of a head injury).
underestimate
B2
/ʌndɚˈɛs.tɪ.meɪt/
make too low an estimate of
undergraduate
B2
/ˌəndɝˈgrædʒəwət/
A student at a university who has not yet received a degree.
underground
B2
/ˌʌn.dəɹˈɡɹaʊnd/
beneath the surface of the earth
undersea
B2
/ˌəndɝˈsiː/
Existing, relating to, or made for use beneath the sea.
understandable
B2
/ˌəndɝˈstændəbəl/
Capable of being accepted or excused under the circumstances.
understanding
B2
/ˌʌndɚˈstændɪŋ/
characterized by understanding based on comprehension and discernment and empathy
undertake
B2
/ˌʌndɚˈteɪk/
To take upon oneself; to start, to embark on (a specific task etc.).
underwear
B2
/ˈʌndɚˌwɛɹ/
Clothes worn next to the skin, underneath outer clothing.
undoubtedly
B2
/ʌnˈdaʊtɪdli/
Without doubt; definitely.
undreamed
B2
/ʌnˈdɹiːmd/
Alternative form of undreamt.
undressed
B2
/ənˈdrɛst/
Having partially or completely removed one's clothes.
unease
B2
/ʌnˈiːz/
To make uneasy or uncomfortable.
uneasily
B2
/əˈniːzəli/
In an uneasy manner.
unenthusiastic
B2
/ʌnɛnθjuːziˈæstɪk/
not enthusiastic
uneven
B2
/ʌnˈivən/
(of a contest or contestants) not fairly matched as opponents
unfamiliar
B2
/ˌʌnfəˈmɪli.ə(ɹ)/
not known or well known
unfashionable
B2
/ənˈfæʃənəbəl/
not in accord with or not following current fashion
unforeseen
B2
/ˌʌnfɔɹˈsin/
Not foreseen.
ungodly
B2
/ʌnˈɡɑdli/
Of a person: lacking reverence for God; of an action: not in accordance with God's will or religious teachings.
unhappiness
B2
/ənˈhæpiːnɪs/
The feeling of not being happy.
unhelpful
B2
/ʌnˈhɛlpfəl/
Not providing help or assistance; not helpful.
unimaginable
B2
/ˌʌnɪˈmædʒɪnəbəl/
Unable to be imagined; inconceivable or mind-boggling; beyond belief.
unimaginably
B2
To an extent or in a way that cannot be, or could not have been, imagined
united
B2
/juˈnaɪtɪd/
Joined into a single entity.
universal
B2
/ˌjunəˈvɜɹs(ə)l/
adapted to various purposes, sizes, forms, operations
unjustly
B2
/ʌnˈd͡ʒʌstli/
in an unjust manner
unkind
B2
/ʌnˈkaɪnd/
lacking kindness
unlimited
B2
/ʌnˈlɪm.ɪ.tɪd/
having no limits in range or scope
unload
B2
/ʌnˈloʊd/
take the load off (a container or vehicle)
unlock
B2
/ʌnˈlɑk/
become unlocked
unmistakable
B2
/ˌənmɪˈsteɪkəbəl/
clearly evident to the mind
unmistakably
B2
/ˌʌnmɪsˈteɪkəbli/
without possibility of mistake
unnatural
B2
/ʌnˈnæt͡ʃ.(ə.)ɹəl/
Going against nature; perverse.
unofficial
B2
/ʌn.əˈfɪʃ.əl/
not having official authority or sanction
unpopular
B2
/ˌənˈpɑːpjəlɝ/
regarded with disfavor or lacking general approval
unrealistic
B2
/ənˌriːˈlɪstɪk/
not realistic
unreasonable
B2
/ʌnˈɹiːz.(ə)nə.bl̩/
Without the ability to reason; unreasoning.
unreliable
B2
/ˌʌn.ɹəˈlaɪ.ə.bəl/
not worthy of reliance or trust
unrest
B2
/ʌnˈɹɛst/
A state of trouble, confusion and turbulence, especially in a political context; a time of riots, demonstrations and protests.
unsafe
B2
/ʌnˈseɪf/
Not safe (various senses); dangerous.
unsatisfactory
B2
/ˌʌnsætɪsˈfækt(ə)ɹi/
not giving satisfaction
unselfish
B2
Not selfish.
unstoppable
B2
/ʌnˈstɔ.pə.bəl/
not capable of being stopped
unsuccessful
B2
/ˌʌnsəkˈsɛsfl̩/
Failed, not successful.
unsuitable
B2
/ʌnˈsuːtəbəl/
not meant or adapted for a particular purpose
unsure
B2
/ənˈʃʊr/
uncertain, ambivalent.
untalented
B2
Not talented; lacking in talent.
unthinkably
B2
to an unimaginable extent
untie
B2
/ʌnˈtaɪ/
undo the ties of
unto
B2
/ˈʌntə/
Up to the time or degree that; until.
untreated
B2
/ənˈtriːtɪd/
not subjected to chemical or physical treatment
untrimmed
B2
not trimmed
unusualness
B2
The condition or state of being unusual.
unwilling
B2
/ʌnˈwɪlɪŋ/
not disposed or inclined toward
unwise
B2
/ʌnˈwaɪz/
showing or resulting from lack of judgment or wisdom
unworldly
B2
not concerned with the temporal world or swayed by mundane considerations
upbringing
B2
/ˈʌpˌbrɪŋɪŋ/
The raising or training of a child.
upgrade
B2
/ˈʌp.ɡɹeɪd/
the act of improving something (especially machinery) by raising it to a higher grade (as by adding or replacing components)
upright
B2
/ˈʌpɹaɪt/
a vertical structural member as a post or stake
upside down
B2
urban
B2
/ˈɜɹbən/
located in or characteristic of a city or city life
urgently
B2
/ˈɝːdʒəntli/
with great urgency
user
B2
/ˈjuzɚ/
One who uses or makes use of something, a consumer or client or an express or implied licensee (free user) or a trespasser.
usher
B2
/ˈʌʃəɹ/
take (someone) to their seats, as in theaters or auditoriums
utility
B2
/juˈtɪl.ə.ti/
(computer science) a program designed for general support of the processes of a computer
utilize
B2
/ˈju.tə.laɪz/
Alternative spelling of utilise.
utter
B2
/ˈʌtəɹ/
express audibly
utterly
B2
/ˈʌtɝli/
Completely; entirely; to the fullest extent.
vacant
B2
/ˈveɪkənt/
without an occupant or incumbent
vaccine
B2
/vækˈsin/
Of or pertaining to cowpox as a source of material for vaccination against smallpox; also, of or pertaining to such material used for vaccination.
valentine
B2
/ˈvaləntaɪn/
a card sent or given, as to a sweetheart, on Saint Valentine's Day
valid
B2
/ˈvælɪd/
still legally acceptable
vanish
B2
/ˈvænɪʃ/
become invisible or unnoticeable
vanity
B2
/ˈvænəti/
That which is vain, futile, or worthless; that which is of no value, use or profit.
variation
B2
/ˌvɛəɹiˈeɪʃn̩/
an activity that varies from a norm or standard
varied
B2
/ˈvɛɹid/
broken away from sameness or identity or duplication
venture
B2
/ˈvɛn.t͡ʃɚ/
proceed somewhere despite the risk of possible dangers
venue
B2
/ˈvɛnjuː/
the scene of any event or action, especially the place of a meeting or performance
verbal
B2
/ˈvɝ.bəl/
communicated in the form of words
verbally
B2
/vɝˈbæli/
by means of language
verse
B2
/ˈvɝs/
familiarize through thorough study or experience
version
B2
/ˈvɝʒən/
something a little different from others of the same type
versus
B2
/ˈvɝsəs/
Against; in opposition to.
veteran
B2
/ˈvɛ.tə.ɹən/
rendered competent through trial and experience
vibrate
B2
/ˈvaɪ.bɹeɪt/
To shake with small, rapid movements to and fro.
vibration
B2
/vaɪˈbɹeɪʃən/
a distinctive emotional aura experienced instinctively
viewer
B2
/ˈvju.ɚ/
an optical device for viewing photographic transparencies
vigor
B2
/ˈvɪɡɚ/
an imaginative lively style, especially a style of writing
vigorous
B2
/ˈvɪɡəɹəs/
characterized by forceful and energetic action or activity
vigorously
B2
/ˈvɪɡəɹəsli/
With intense energy, force or vigor
villa
B2
/ˈvɪlə/
a pretentious and luxurious country residence with extensive grounds
villager
B2
/ˈvɪlɪd͡ʒɚ/
A person who lives in, or comes from, a village.
vinegar
B2
/ˈvɪnəɡɚ/
A sour liquid formed by the fermentation of alcohol used as a condiment or preservative; a dilute solution of acetic acid.
violate
B2
/ˈvaɪəˌleɪt/
to destroy
virtual reality
B2
virtually
B2
/ˈvɚ.t͡ʃə.wə.li/
slightly short of or not quite accomplished
virtue
B2
/ˈvɜːt͡ʃuː/
Accordance with moral principles; conformity of behaviour or thought with the strictures of morality; good moral conduct.
visibly
B2
/ˈvɪz.ə.bli/
so as to be visible
vital
B2
/ˈvaɪtəl/
manifesting or characteristic of life
vitamin
B2
/ˈvaɪ.tə.mɪn/
Any of a specific group of organic compounds essential in small quantities for healthy human growth, metabolism, development, and body function; found in minute amounts in plant and animal foods or sometimes produced synthetically; deficiencies of specific vitamins produce specific disorders.
vocalist
B2
/ˈvoʊkəlɪst/
a person who sings
vomit
B2
/ˈvɑmɪt/
eject the contents of the stomach through the mouth
voter
B2
/ˈvoʊtɚ/
Someone who votes.
vow
B2
/vaʊ/
a solemn pledge to oneself, to another, or to a deity, to do something or to behave in a certain manner
wage
B2
/weɪd͡ʒ/
something that remunerates
waist
B2
/weɪst/
That part of the upper deck of a ship between the quarterdeck and the forecastle.
waistcoat
B2
/ˈweɪs(t)kəʊt/
A sleeveless, collarless garment worn over a shirt and under a suit jacket.
walkabout
B2
A period, often extended, during which an Aboriginal person left a station or settlement to travel on country, typically seasonally or for traditional cultural reasons; a journey by foot taken by an Aboriginal as a temporary withdrawal from white society.
walker
B2
/ˈwaːkæ/
The agent noun of to walk: a person who walks or a thing which walks, especially a pedestrian or a participant in a walking race.
wallboard
B2
/ˈwɔlˌbɔrd/
A construction material of pre-made boards used for walls and ceilings, usually a gypsum core with a paper surface.
walnut
B2
/ˈwɔlnət/
Having a dark brown colour, the colour of walnut wood.
warship
B2
/ˈwɔɹˌʃɪp/
a government ship that is available for waging war
wartime
B2
/ˈwɔː(ɹ)taɪm/
A period during which a war is in progress in a particular place.
wasp
B2
/wɑsp/
Alternative letter-case form of WASP (“white Anglo-Saxon Protestant”).
waterproof
B2
/ˈwɔt̬ɚˌpruf/
Made of or covered with material that doesn't allow water in.
weaken
B2
/ˈwikən/
become weaker
weakly
B2
/ˈwiːkli/
in a weak or feeble manner or to a minor degree
wealthy
B2
/ˈwɛl.θi/
Possessing financial wealth; rich.
wearisome
B2
/ˈwɪəɹisəm/
Tiresome, tedious or causing fatigue.
weary
B2
/ˈwɪɹi/
physically and mentally fatigued
weave
B2
/wiːv/
To form something by passing lengths or strands of material over and under one another.
wed
B2
/ˈwɛd/
To perform the marriage ceremony for; to join in matrimony.
weed
B2
/wiːd/
clear of weeds
welfare
B2
/ˈwɛlˌfɛɚ/
governmental provision of economic assistance to persons in need
well-balanced
B2
in an optimal state of balance or equilibrium
well-built
B2
Constructed in a pleasing or sound manner.
well-organized
B2
well-paid
B2
Adequately paid; receiving sufficient to liberal compensation for work.
western
B2
/ˈwɛstɚn/
lying toward or situated in the west
wheat
B2
/wiːt/
Any of the several cereal grains, of the genus Triticum, that yields flour as used in bakery.
whereas
B2
/(h)wɛɹˈæz/
Where (that).
whip
B2
/ˈwɪp/
a quick blow delivered with a whip or whiplike object
whiskey
B2
/ˈwɪski/
A liquor distilled from the fermented mash of grain (as rye, corn, or barley).
widen
B2
/ˈwaɪdn̩/
become broader or wider or more extensive
widow
B2
/ˈwɪd.oʊ/
cause to be without a spouse
width
B2
/ˈwɪtθ/
The use of all the width of the pitch, from one side to the other.
wilderness
B2
/ˈwɪldɚnəs/
a bewildering profusion
willing
B2
/ˈwɪlɪŋ/
disposed or inclined toward
willingly
B2
/ˈwɪlɪŋli/
in a willing manner
winding
B2
/ˈwaɪndɪŋ/
Something wound around another thing.
windshield
B2
/ˈwɪndˌʃiːld/
transparent screen, usually of glass, to protect occupants of a vehicle
wink
B2
/ˈwɪŋk/
signal by winking
wipe
B2
/waɪp/
rub with a circular motion
wit
B2
/wɪt/
Sanity.
withdraw
B2
/wɪðˈdɹɔ/
To draw or pull (something) away or back from its original position or situation.
withdrawal
B2
/wɪðˈdɹɔ(ə)l/
the act of withdrawing
witty
B2
/ˈwɪti/
combining clever conception and facetious expression
wolf
B2
/wʊlf/
eat hastily
wondrous
B2
/ˈwʌndɹəs/
Wonderful; amazing, inspiring awe; marvelous.
woodcarving
B2
a carving created by carving wood
wordlessly
B2
Without words.
workaholic
B2
/ˈwɝːkəˈhɑːlɪk/
A person who feels compelled to work excessively, including while at home.
workbench
B2
/ˈwɝk.bɛnt͡ʃ/
A horizontal padded surface, usually adjustable in height and inclination and often with attached weight rack, used for proper posture during exercise.
workman
B2
/ˈwɝkmən/
A man who labours for wages.
worktable
B2
a table designed for a particular task
worldly
B2
/ˈwɜː(ɹ)ldli/
characteristic of or devoted to the temporal world as opposed to the spiritual world
worldview
B2
A person's personal view of the world and how one interprets it; any ingroup's or society's mainstream view thereof.
worm
B2
/wɝm/
a software program capable of reproducing itself that can spread from one computer to the next over a network
wornout
B2
/ˈwɔɹnˌaʊt/
Damaged due to continued or hard exposure or use until no longer effective or useful.
worrying
B2
/ˈwʌɹ.i.ɪŋ/
the act of moving something by repeated tugs or pushes
worsen
B2
/wɔːsn̩/
grow worse
worship
B2
/ˈwɝ.ʃɪp/
show devotion to (a deity)
worthless
B2
/ˈwɝθləs/
lacking in usefulness or value
wreck
B2
/ˈɹɛk/
something or someone that has suffered ruin or dilapidation
wrongly
B2
/ˈɹɔŋ.li/
without justice or fairness
X-ray
B2
/ˈɛks ˌɹeɪ/
take an x-ray of something or somebody
yacht
B2
/jɑːt/
A slick and light ship for making pleasure trips or racing on water, having sails but often motor-powered. At times used as a residence offshore on a dock.
yawn
B2
/jɔn/
utter a yawn, as from lack of oxygen or when one is tired
yearn
B2
/jɝn/
to have affection for
yield
B2
/jiːld/
end resistance, as under pressure or force
youthful
B2
/ˈjuːθfəl/
suggestive of youth
yummy
B2
/ˈjʌm.i/
extremely pleasing to the sense of taste
zebra
B2
/ˈzɛbɹə/
any of several fleet black-and-white striped African equines
zip
B2
/zɪp/
move very fast
zoom
B2
/zuːm/
A humming noise from something moving very fast.
Level C1 (913)
exterior
C1
/ɪkˈstɪɹiɚ/
situated in or suitable for the outdoors or outside of a building
cloak
C1
/ˈkloʊk/
to cover with or as if with a cloak
timid
C1
/ˈtɪmɪd/
people who are fearful and cautious
reluctantly
C1
/ɹɪˈlʌktəntli/
In a reluctant or hesitant manner.
concur
C1
/kəŋˈkɝ/
To agree (in action or opinion); to have a common opinion; to coincide; to correspond.
avid
C1
/ˈæv.ɪd/
marked by active interest and enthusiasm
marvel
C1
/ˈmɑɹvl̩/
be amazed at
enviable
C1
/ˈɛn.vɪ.ə.b(ə)l/
causing envy
organizational
C1
/ˌɔː(ɹ)ɡənɪˈzeɪʃənəl/
of or relating to an organization
psychiatrist
C1
/ˌsaɪˈkaɪ.ə.tɹɪst/
A medical doctor specializing in psychiatry.
psychiatric
C1
/ˌsaɪ.kiˈæt.ɹɪk/
relating to or used in or engaged in the practice of psychiatry
clinical
C1
/ˈklɪnɪkəl/
relating to a clinic or conducted in or as if in a clinic and depending on direct observation of patients
corps
C1
/kɔɹ/
a body of people associated together
forensic
C1
/fəˈɹɛn.zɪk/
used or applied in the investigation and establishment of facts or evidence in a court of law
juvenile
C1
/ˈd͡ʒuːvənaɪl/
of or relating to or characteristic of or appropriate for children or young people
jurisdiction
C1
/d͡ʒʊɹɪsˈdɪkʃən/
the right and power to interpret and apply the law
accustomed
C1
/əˈkʌs.təmd/
often followed by 'to,' in the habit of or adapted to
trauma
C1
/ˈtɹɔ.mə/
Any serious injury to the body, often resulting from violence or an accident.
traumatic
C1
/tɹɔˈmætɪk/
psychologically painful
constraint
C1
/kənˈstɹæɪnt/
Something that constrains; a restriction.
revealing
C1
/ɹɪˈvilɪŋ/
showing or making known
eccentric
C1
/ɛkˈsɛntɹɪk/
a person with particular interests and/or mannerisms
sanctity
C1
/ˈsæŋktɪti/
Something considered sacred.
conform
C1
/kənˈfɔɹm/
to adapt or conform oneself to new or different conditions
norms
C1
/ˈnɔrmz/
plural of norm
quirk
C1
/kwɝk/
a narrow groove beside a beading
oddity
C1
/ˈɑdɪti/
An odd or strange thing or opinion.
compel
C1
/kəmˈpɛl/
to necessitate or exact
compulsion
C1
/kəmˈpʌl.ʃən/
using force to cause something to occur
assertion
C1
/əˈsɜɹʃən/
Something which is asserted; a declaration; a statement asserted.
individuality
C1
/ˌɪndɪvɪd͡ʒuˈælɪti/
the quality of being individual
psyche
C1
/ˈsɑe.ki/
The human soul, mind, or spirit.
conformity
C1
/kənˈfɔɹmɪti/
acting according to certain accepted standards
unconventional
C1
/ˌənkənˈvɛnʃənəl/
not conforming to accepted rules or standards
congregate
C1
/ˈkɑːŋgrəˌgeɪt/
to come together, usually for a purpose
resent
C1
/ɹiˈzɛnt/
to feel bitter or indignant about
self-conscious
C1
/ˌsɛlfˈkɑːnʃəs/
excessively and uncomfortably conscious of your appearance or behavior
wary
C1
/ˈwɛɚ.i/
marked by keen caution and watchful prudence
stoke
C1
/stoʊk/
To poke, pierce, thrust.
dynamically
C1
in a forceful dynamic manner
hostess
C1
/ˈhoʊstɪs/
A female host.
perpetuate
C1
/pɚˈpɛt͡ʃəˌweɪt/
cause to continue or prevail
naturalness
C1
the likeness of a representation to the thing represented
exhibitionist
C1
/ˌɛksəˈbɪʃənɪst/
someone who deliberately behaves in such a way as to attract attention
isolate
C1
/ˈaɪ.sə.leɪt/
place or set apart
isolated
C1
/ˈaɪsəleɪtɪd/
not close together in time
refreshingly
C1
/riːˈfrɛʃɪŋli/
in a pleasantly novel manner
effortless
C1
/ˈɛfə(ɹ)tlɪs/
requiring or apparently requiring no effort
vegetation
C1
/ˌvɛd͡ʒəˈteɪʃən/
inactivity that is passive and monotonous, comparable to the inactivity of plant life
respite
C1
/ˈɹɛs.pɪt/
A brief interval of rest or relief.
suffice
C1
/ˈsʌ.fɪs/
To be enough or sufficient; to meet the need (of anything); to be adequate; to be good enough.
purity
C1
/ˈpjʊɹɪti/
The state or degree of being pure.
gruelling
C1
/ˈɡɹu.lɪŋ/
Very difficult or taxing; exhausting; backbreaking.
comprise
C1
/kəmˈpɹaɪz/
to be composed of
plaster
C1
/ˈpla.stə/
apply a plaster cast to
darkroom
C1
/ˈdɑːrˌkruːm/
a room in which photographs are developed
induct
C1
/ɪnˈdʌkt/
introduce or initiate
induction
C1
/ɪnˈdʌkʃən/
the act of bringing about something (especially at an early time)
fossil
C1
/ˈfɑsl̩/
The mineralized remains of an animal or plant.
geological
C1
/ˌd͡ʒi.əˈlɑdʒ.ɪk.əl/
of or relating to or based on geology
geologically
C1
with respect to geology
specimen
C1
/ˈspɛsɪmɪn/
a bit of tissue or blood or urine that is taken for diagnostic purposes
enormously
C1
/ɪˈnɔrməsli/
extremely, far beyond average
gem
C1
/d͡ʒɛm/
a crystalline rock that can be cut and polished for jewelry
explanatory
C1
/ɪkˈsplæn.ə.t(ɔː.)ɹi/
serving or intended to explain or make clear
vertical
C1
/ˈvɝ.tɪ.kəl/
of or relating to different levels in a hierarchy (as levels of social class or income group)
knowledgeable
C1
/ˈnɑ.lɪ.d͡ʒə.bəl/
thoroughly acquainted through study or experience
ordinarily
C1
/ɔɹdɪˈnɛɹɪli/
In accordance with normal custom or routine; as a matter of established occurrence.
formulate
C1
/ˈfɔː(ɹ)mjʊleɪt/
put into words or an expression
resin
C1
/ˈɹɛzɪn/
A viscous water-insoluble hydrocarbon exudate of certain plants, or such a substance as a component of a plant exudate; used in lacquers, varnishes and many other applications.
sacrifice
C1
/ˈsæk.ɹɪˌfaɪs/
a loss entailed by giving up or selling something at less than its value
cleanly
C1
/ˈklɛnli/
in a manner that minimizes dirt and pollution
endorsement
C1
/ɛnˈdɔrsmənt/
the act of endorsing
stretching
C1
/ˈstɹɛt͡ʃɪŋ/
The act by which something is stretched.
continuity
C1
/ˌkɑn.tɪˈn(j)u.ə.ti/
Lack of interruption or disconnection; the quality of being continuous in space or time.
shambles
C1
/ˈʃæmbəlz/
A scene of great disorder or ruin.
claustrophobic
C1
/ˌklɔstrəˈfoʊbɪk/
uncomfortably closed or hemmed in
claustrophobia
C1
/ˌklɔː.strəˈfoʊ.bi.ə/
The abnormal fear of closed, tight places.
headstrong
C1
/ˈhɛdˌstrɔŋ/
Determined to do as one pleases, and not as others want.
tact
C1
/tækt/
Sensitive mental touch; special skill or faculty; keen perception or discernment; ready power of appreciating and doing what is required by circumstances; the ability to say the right thing and avoid statements that will give offence or pain even if true.
tactful
C1
/ˈtæktfəl/
having or showing a sense of what is fitting and considerate in dealing with others
tactfully
C1
/ˈtæktfəli/
In a tactful manner.
blister
C1
/ˈblɪstɚ/
a flaw on a surface resulting when an applied substance does not adhere, as an air bubble in a coat of paint
sponsorship
C1
/ˈspɑːnsɝˌʃɪp/
The state or practice of being a sponsor.
ego
C1
/ˈiɡo/
The self, especially with a sense of self-importance.
saloon
C1
/səˈlun/
A tavern, especially in an American Old West setting.
beforehand
C1
/bɪˈfɔɹhænd/
At an earlier or preceding time.
slob
C1
/ˈslɑb/
A lazy and slovenly or obese person.
coverage
C1
/ˈkɐv.(ə.)ɹɪdʒ/
the extent to which something is covered
unplug
C1
/ʌnˈplʌɡ/
pull the plug of (electrical appliances) and render inoperable
gadget
C1
/ɡæd͡ʒ.ɪt/
A thing whose name cannot be remembered; thingamajig, doohickey.
rediscover
C1
/riːdɪˈskʌvɝ/
discover again
subtly
C1
/ˈsʌt.l̩.li/
in a subtle manner
brainwash
C1
/ˈbɹeɪnwɒʃ/
to persuade completely, often through coercion
brainwashing
C1
/ˈbreɪnˌwɑːʃɪŋ/
A form of indoctrination that forces people to abandon their beliefs in favour of another set of beliefs by conditioning through various forms of pressure or torture.
implicate
C1
/ˈɪmplɪkeɪt/
bring into intimate and incriminating connection
malfunction
C1
/mælˈfʌŋkʃən/
fail to function or function improperly
wayside
C1
/ˈweɪsaɪd/
edge of a way or road or path
expire
C1
/ɪkˈspaɪə(ɹ)/
lose validity
con
C1
/kɑn/
in opposition to a proposition, opinion, etc.
damply
C1
/ˈdæmpli/
in a damp manner
ghostly
C1
/ˈɡoʊstli/
resembling or characteristic of a phantom
carrier
C1
/ˈkæɹ.i.ɚ/
a self-propelled wheeled vehicle designed specifically to carry something
washtub
C1
/ˈwɑːʃˌtəb/
a tub in which clothes or linens can be washed
apt
C1
/ˈæpt/
mentally quick and resourceful
apt to
C1
portable
C1
/ˈpɔɹtəbəl/
of a motor designed to be attached to the outside of a boat's hull
ornamental
C1
/ˌɔɹ.nəˈmɛn.təl/
Serving as an ornament; having no purpose other than to make more beautiful.
placid
C1
/ˈplæs.ɪd/
(of a body of water) free from disturbance by heavy waves
placidly
C1
/ˈplæsɪdli/
in a placid and good-natured manner
unmanageable
C1
/ənˈmænɪdʒəbəl/
hard to control
appliance
C1
/əˈplaɪ.əns/
An implement, an instrument or apparatus designed (or at least used) as a means to a specific end, especially
relinquish
C1
/ɹɪˈlɪŋkwɪʃ/
part with a possession or right
tedious
C1
/ˈti.di.əs/
Boring, monotonous, time-consuming, wearisome, livelong.
tedium
C1
/ˈtiːdiːəm/
Boredom or tediousness; ennui.
exert
C1
/ɪɡˈzɝt/
put to use
extortion
C1
/ɪkˈstɔɹʃən/
unjust exaction (as by the misuse of authority)
alleviate
C1
/əˈli.vi.eɪt/
to provide physical relief, as from pain
elaborate
C1
/ɪˈlæb.(ə.)ɹət/
marked by complexity and richness of detail
elaboration
C1
/ɪˌlæbɝˈeɪʃən/
The act or process of producing or refining with labor; improvement by successive operations; refinement.
detest
C1
/dɪˈtɛst/
To dislike (someone or something) intensely; to loathe.
detestable
C1
/dɪˈtɛstəbl̩/
Stimulating disgust or detestation; offensive; shocking.
suds
C1
/sʌdz/
Lather; foam or froth formed by mixing soap and water.
agreeable
C1
/əˈɡɹiəbəl/
conforming to your own liking or feelings or nature
prowl
C1
/pɹaʊl/
move about in or as if in a predatory manner
speculate
C1
/ˈspɛk.jəˌleɪt/
To think, meditate or reflect on a subject; to consider, to deliberate or cogitate.
speculation
C1
/ˌspek.jəˈlæɪ.ʃən/
a hypothesis that has been formed by speculating or conjecturing, usually with little hard evidence
speculative
C1
/ˈspɛkjuləˌtɪv/
Characterized by speculation; based on guessing, unfounded opinions, or extrapolation.
peacock
C1
/ˈpikɑk/
A male peafowl, especially Pavo cristatus, notable for its brilliant iridescently ocellated tail.
disdain
C1
/dɪsˈdeɪn/
A feeling of contempt or scorn.
reenact
C1
/ɹi.ɪnækt/
enact or perform again
torment
C1
/ˈtɔː(ɹ)mɛnt/
a feeling of intense annoyance caused by being tormented
extravagance
C1
/ɪkˈstɹævəɡən(t)s/
excessive spending
exploitation
C1
/ˌɛksplɔɪˈteɪʃn̩/
an act that exploits or victimizes someone (treats them unfairly)
mechanism
C1
/ˈmik.ə.nɪ.zəm/
the technical aspects of doing something
hence
C1
/ˈhɛns/
from this time
offspring
C1
/ˈɔfspɹɪŋ/
something that comes into existence as a result
oblige
C1
/əˈblaɪd͡ʒ/
provide a service or favor for someone
collaborate
C1
/kəˈlæb.ə.ɹeɪt/
to work together on a common enterprise of project
collaborator
C1
/kəˈlæbəɹeɪtɚ/
an associate in an activity or endeavor or sphere of common interest
collaboration
C1
/kəˌlæbəˈɹeɪʃən/
act of working jointly
collaborative
C1
/kəˈlæb.ə.ɹə.tɪv/
accomplished by collaboration
showy
C1
/ˈʃoʊ.i/
marked by ostentation but often tasteless
wrangle
C1
/ˈɹæŋɡəl/
to quarrel noisily, angrily or disruptively
premise
C1
/ˈpɹem.ɪs/
set forth beforehand, often as an explanation
advantageous
C1
/ˌædvənˈteɪd͡ʒ(i)əs/
giving an advantage
parasite
C1
/ˈpæɹəˌsaɪt/
An organism that lives on or in another organism of a different species, deriving benefit from living on or in that other organism, while not contributing towards that other organism sufficiently to cover the cost to that other organism.
fanciful
C1
/ˈfænsɪfl̩/
indulging in or influenced by fancy
poise
C1
/pɔɪz/
be motionless, in suspension
customary
C1
/ˈkʌs.təˌmɛɹ.i/
in accordance with convention or custom
insightful
C1
/ɪnˈsaɪt.f(ə)l/
exhibiting insight or clear and deep perception
notable
C1
/ˈnoʊɾəbl̩/
widely known and esteemed
vicious
C1
/ˈvɪʃəs/
Savage and aggressive.
viciously
C1
/ˈvɪʃəsli/
in a vicious manner
withdrawn
C1
/wɪðˈdɹɔn/
Removed from circulation.
torturous
C1
/ˈtɔɹt͡ʃəɹəs/
extremely painful
depict
C1
/dɪˈpɪkt/
show in, or as in, a picture
depiction
C1
/dɪˈpɪk.ʃən/
A lifelike image of something, either verbal or visual.
upheaval
C1
/ʌpˈhi.vəl/
A state of violent disturbance and disorder, generally in politics or social conditions.
shortlist
C1
Alternative form of short list.
uneventful
C1
/ˌəniːˈvɛntfəl/
marked by no noteworthy or significant events
pertinent
C1
/ˈpɚtɪnənt/
having precise or logical relevance to the matter at hand
pertain to
C1
daydream
C1
/ˈdeɪdɹiːm/
absentminded dreaming while awake
protagonist
C1
/pɹoʊˈtæɡ.ə.nɪst/
An advocate or champion of a cause or course of action.
simplicity
C1
/sɪmˈplɪsɪti/
the quality of being simple or uncompounded
blockbuster
C1
/ˈblɑkˌbʌs.tɚ/
an unusually successful hit with widespread popularity and huge sales, especially a movie, play, recording, or novel
resonate
C1
/ˈɹez.əˌnæɪt/
sound with resonance
sequel
C1
/ˈsiːkwəl/
The events, collectively, which follow a previously mentioned event; the aftermath.
irony
C1
/ˈaɪ.ɹə.ni/
incongruity between what might be expected and what actually occurs
acidic
C1
/əˈsɪ.dɪk/
being or containing an acid
align
C1
/əˈlaɪn/
to place in a line or arrange so as to be parallel or straight
alignment
C1
/əˈlɑen.mənt/
The goals and values of an artificial intelligence, considered relative to human ethical standards.
manipulation
C1
/məˌnɪp.jəˈleɪ.ʃən/
exerting shrewd or devious influence especially for one's own advantage
suitor
C1
/ˈsutɚ/
One who pursues someone, especially a woman, for a romantic relationship or marriage; a wooer; one who falls in love with or courts someone.
deceit
C1
/dɪˈsiːt/
An act or practice intended to deceive; a trick.
alienate
C1
/ˈeɪ.li.ə.neɪt/
to arouse hostility or indifference in where there had formerly been love, affection, or friendliness
persuasively
C1
/pɝˈsweɪsɪvli/
in a persuasive manner
confinement
C1
/kənˈfaɪnmənt/
the state of being confined
minutiae
C1
/maɪˈn(j)uːʃ(ɪ)ˌiː/
plural of minutia
peasant
C1
/ˈpɛzənt/
A member of the lowly social class that toils on the land, constituted by small farmers and tenants, sharecroppers, farmhands and other laborers on the land where they form the main labor force in agriculture and horticulture.
inexplicable
C1
/ˌɪn.ɪkˈsplɪ.kə.bl̩/
incapable of being explained or accounted for
inexplicably
C1
/ˌɪnɪkˈsplɪkəbli/
In an inexplicable manner; for an unknown reason.
pigeon
C1
/ˈpə.dʒən/
A person hired to transport film footage out of a region where transport options are limited.
harass
C1
/ˈhæɹəs/
exhaust by attacking repeatedly
harassment
C1
/həˈɹæs.mənt/
a feeling of intense annoyance caused by being tormented
believably
C1
in a believable manner
readable
C1
/ˈɹiː.də.bəl/
Legible, possible to read or at least decipher.
cleverness
C1
/ˈklɛvɚnəs/
The property of being clever.
persecute
C1
/ˈpɝsəkjut/
cause to suffer
persecution
C1
/ˌpɝsəˈkjuʃən/
The act of persecuting, especially a specific group of people; an instance of persecution.
smug
C1
/smʌɡ/
marked by excessive complacency or self-satisfaction
smugly
C1
/ˈsmʌgli/
in a smug manner
ferocious
C1
/fəˈɹoʊʃəs/
marked by extreme and violent energy
ferociously
C1
/fɝˈoʊʃɪsli/
in a physically fierce manner
hostile
C1
/ˈhɑstəl/
troops belonging to the enemy's military forces
hostility
C1
/hɑˈstɪlɪti/
a hostile or very unfriendly disposition
dismay
C1
/dɪsˈmeɪ/
To cause to feel apprehension; great sadness, or fear; to deprive of energy.
methodical
C1
/mɪˈθɑdɪkəl/
characterized by method and orderliness
ruthless
C1
/ˈɹuːθləs/
without mercy or pity
ruthlessness
C1
/ˈruːθləsnəs/
The property of being ruthless.
clan
C1
/klæn/
Any group defined by family ties with some sort of political unity.
privileged
C1
/ˈpɹɪv(ɪ)lɪd͡ʒd/
blessed with privileges
crumble
C1
/ˈkɹʌmbəl/
to break or fall apart into fragments
crumb
C1
/kɹʌm/
a very small quantity of something
closeness
C1
/ˈkloʊs.nəs/
the spatial property resulting from a relatively small distance
rarity
C1
/ˈɹɛɹ.ə.ti/
Thinness; the property of having low density
evoke
C1
/ɪˈvoʊk/
call to mind
repel
C1
/ɹɪˈpɛl/
force or drive back
repellant
C1
highly offensive
aqua
C1
/əˈkwɑ/
A shade of colour, usually a mix of blue and green similar to the colour turquoise.
aquarium
C1
/əˈkwɛɹ.i.jəm/
a tank or pool or bowl filled with water for keeping live fish and underwater animals
insightfully
C1
In an insightful manner; with insight.
flashback
C1
/ˈflæʃ.bæk/
A similar recurrence of the effects of a hallucinogenic drug.
self-worth
C1
The value one assigns to oneself or one's abilities in self assessment.
cite
C1
/saɪt/
to advance evidence for
citation
C1
/ˌsaɪˈteɪʃən/
a short note recognizing a source of information or of a quoted passage
ecstatically
C1
/ɛkˈstætɪkli/
in an ecstatic manner
pleasurable
C1
/ˈplɛʒəɹəbəl/
That gives pleasure
substantially
C1
/səbˈstænʃəli/
in a strong substantial way
favorably
C1
/ˈfeɪvɝəbli/
showing approval
diversity
C1
/daɪˈvɜː(ɹ)sɪti/
noticeable heterogeneity
elitist
C1
/eɪˈliːtɪst/
Of or relating to elitism.
grumble
C1
/ˈɡɹʌmbl̩/
make complaining remarks or noises under one's breath
rumble
C1
/ˈrʌmbəl/
to utter or emit low dull rumbling sounds
neglectful
C1
/nɪˈglɛktfəl/
Tending to neglect; failing to take care of matters which require attention; forgetful.
roundup
C1
/ˈraʊnˌdəp/
the systematic gathering up of suspects by the police
conscientious
C1
/ˌkɑn.ʃiˈɛn.ʃəs/
characterized by extreme care and great effort
conscientiously
C1
/ˌkɑːntʃiːˈɛntʃəsli/
In a conscientious manner; attentively.
indefinite
C1
/ɪnˈdɛfɪnɪt/
not decided or not known
indefinitely
C1
/ɪnˈdɛfɪnɪtli/
In a manner that is not definite.
atmospheric
C1
/ˌætməsˈfɪɹɪk/
relating to or located in the atmosphere
fuse
C1
/fjuːz/
make liquid or plastic by heating
fusion
C1
/ˈfjuːʒən/
The act of merging separate things, or the result thereof.
robust
C1
/ɹoʊˈbʌst/
rough and crude
robustly
C1
/ˌroʊˈbʌstli/
in a robust manner
dismal
C1
/ˈdɪzməl/
Disappointingly inadequate.
dismally
C1
/ˈdɪzməli/
in a dreadful manner
crave
C1
/kɹeɪv/
to have an appetite or great desire for
craving
C1
/ˈkɹeɪ.vɪŋ/
A strong desire; yearning.
prospective
C1
/pɹəˈspɛktɪv/
of or concerned with or related to the future
swap
C1
/sʋap/
To exchange or give (something) in an non-normal exchange (for something else).
remotely
C1
/ɹɪˈmoʊtli/
to a remote degree
violet
C1
/ˈvaɪəlɪt/
A plant or flower of the genus Viola, especially the fragrant Viola odorata; (inexact) similar-looking plants and flowers.
bubbly
C1
/ˈbʌbli/
full of or showing high spirits
chaotically
C1
in a manner suggestive of chaos
apprehensive
C1
/ˌæpɹɪˈhɛnsɪv/
in fear or dread of possible evil or harm
settee
C1
/sɛˈtiː/
A long seat with a back, made to accommodate several persons at once; a sofa.
trampoline
C1
/ˌtɹæmpəˈliːn/
A gymnastic and recreational device consisting of a piece of taut, strong fabric or rubber stretched over a (usually steel) frame using many coiled springs as anchors.
stamina
C1
/ˈstæmənə/
The energy and strength for continuing to do something over a long period of time; power of sustained exertion, or resistance to hardship, illness etc.
ploy
C1
/plɔɪ/
A tactic, strategy, or scheme.
dither
C1
/ˈdɪðɚ/
an excited state of agitation
overalls
C1
/ˈoʊvəɹɔːlz/
Loose-fitting pants with supporting cross-straps and a panel of material in the chest (called a bib), often associated with farm work.
unison
C1
/ˈjunɪsən/
(music) two or more sounds or tones at the same pitch or in octaves
snail
C1
/sneɪl/
gather snails
bliss
C1
/blɪs/
Perfect happiness.
inexhaustible
C1
/ɪnɪɡˈzɔːstɪbl̩/
incapable of being entirely consumed or used up
acre
C1
/ˈeɪ.kɚ/
An English unit of land area (symbol: a. or ac.) originally denoting a day's ploughing for a yoke of oxen, now standardized as 4,840 square yards or 4,046.86 square metres.
heifer
C1
/ˈhɛfə(ɹ)/
A young female cow, (particularly) one over one year old but which has not calved.
ewe
C1
/juː/
A female sheep, as opposed to a ram.
adversary
C1
/ˈæd.vəɹˌsɛɹi/
An opponent or rival.
victorious
C1
/vɪkˈtɔːɹiəs/
experiencing triumph
victoriously
C1
in a victorious manner
profound
C1
/pɹəˈfaʊnd/
coming from deep within one
profoundly
C1
/pɹəˈfaʊndli/
With depth, meaningfully.
baldly
C1
/ˈbɔldli/
in a bald manner
bearded
C1
/ˈbɪɹdəd/
having a growth of hairlike awns
professionalism
C1
/pɹəˈfɛʃənəˌlɪzəm/
The status, methods, character or standards expected of a professional or of a professional organization, such as reliability, discretion, evenhandedness, and fair play.
artistically
C1
/ɑː(ɹ)ˈtɪstɪkli/
in an artistic manner
popularization
C1
/ˌpɑːpjəlɝəˈzeɪʃən/
the act of making something attractive to the general public
pendulum
C1
/ˈpɛnd͡ʒələm/
an apparatus consisting of an object mounted so that it swings freely under the influence of gravity
predecessor
C1
/ˈpɹiːdɪsɛsɚ/
One who precedes; one who has preceded another in any state, position, office, etc.; one whom another follows or comes after, in any office or position.
lapse
C1
/ˈlæps/
a break or intermission in the occurrence of something
ceaseless
C1
/ˈsiːsləs/
uninterrupted in time and indefinitely long continuing
ceaselessly
C1
/ˈsiːzləsli/
with unflagging resolve
climax
C1
/ˈklaɪ.mæks/
the decisive moment in a novel or play
climactic
C1
/ˌklaɪˈmæk.tɪk/
consisting of or causing a climax
anticlimactic
C1
/ˌæntiːklaɪˈmæktɪk/
coming after the climax especially of a dramatic or narrative plot
forfeit
C1
/ˈfɔɹ.fɪt/
a penalty for a fault or mistake that involves losing or giving up something
twitch
C1
/twɪt͡ʃ/
make an uncontrolled, short, jerky motion
intellect
C1
/ˈɪntəˌlɛkt/
The faculty of thinking, judging, abstract reasoning, and conceptual understanding; the cognitive faculty.
descent
C1
/dəˈsɛnt/
An instance of descending; act of coming down.
exodus
C1
/ˈɛksədəs/
A sudden departure of a large number of people.
immortalize
C1
/ɪˈmɔː(ɹ).təˌlaɪz/
make famous forever
genome
C1
/ˈd͡ʒiː.noʊm/
The complete genetic information (either DNA or, in some viruses, RNA) of an organism.
fraction
C1
/ˈfɹæk.ʃən/
A part of a whole, especially a comparatively small part.
faction
C1
/ˈfæk.ʃən/
A group of people, especially within a political organization, which expresses a shared belief or opinion different from people who are not part of the group.
physique
C1
/fəˈziːk/
The trained muscular structure of a person's body.
utensil
C1
/ˈju.tɛn.sɪl/
An instrument or device for domestic use, especially in the kitchen.
otter
C1
/ˈɑtɚ/
Archaic form of attar.
clammy
C1
/ˈklæmi/
unpleasantly cool and humid
dispense
C1
/dɪˈspens/
To issue, distribute, or give out.
dispensary
C1
/dɪˈspɛnsɝi/
clinic where medicine and medical supplies are dispensed
diverge
C1
/dɪˈvɝd͡ʒ/
move or draw apart
divergence
C1
/daɪˈvɜː(ɹ)d͡ʒəns/
the act of moving away in different direction from a common point
divergent
C1
/dɪˈvɝ.d͡ʒənt/
diverging from another or from a standard
superficial
C1
/ˌsu.pɚˈfɪʃ.əl/
of little substance or significance
superficially
C1
/ˈsuːpɝˌfɪʃəli/
in a superficial manner
aesthetic
C1
/ɛsˈθɛ.tɪk/
concerning or characterized by an appreciation of beauty or good taste
aesthetically
C1
/ɛsˈθɛtɪkli/
in a tasteful way
scrutinize
C1
/ˈskɹutn̩ˌaɪz/
to look at critically or searchingly, or in minute detail
scrutiny
C1
/ˈskɹuː.tɪ.ni/
the act of examining something closely, usually for mistakes
quip
C1
/kwɪp/
A smart, sarcastic turn or jest; a taunt; a severe retort or comeback; a gibe.
woo
C1
/wuː/
seek someone's favor
criteria
C1
/kɹaɪˈtɪɹ.i.ə/
plural of criterion
plausible
C1
/ˈplɑ.zɪ.b(ə)l̩/
apparently reasonable and valid, and truthful
plausibility
C1
/ˌplɔzɪˈbɪlɪti/
The quality of deserving applause, praiseworthiness; something worthy of praise.
plausibly
C1
/ˈplɔzəbli/
easy to believe on the basis of available evidence
instinctive
C1
/ɪnˈstɪŋktɪv/
Driven by impulse, spontaneous and without thinking.
instinctively
C1
/ɪnˈstɪŋktɪvli/
as a matter of instinct
stylistic
C1
/staɪˈlɪstɪk/
of or relating to style (especially in the use of language)
stylistically
C1
/staɪˈlɪstɪkli/
in a rhetorically stylistic manner
inheritance
C1
/ɪnˈhɛɹɪtəns/
any attribute or immaterial possession that is inherited from ancestors
inherent
C1
/ɪnˈhɪəɹənt/
in the nature of something though not readily apparent
inherently
C1
/ɪnˈhɛɹəntli/
in an inherent manner
spontaneous
C1
/spɑnˈteɪ.ni.əs/
happening or arising without apparent external cause
spontaneously
C1
/spɑnˈteɪ.ni.əs.li/
in a spontaneous manner
honk
C1
/hɑŋk/
the cry of a goose, or any sound resembling this
goose
C1
/ɡus/
flesh of a goose
innovate
C1
/ˈɪnəveɪt/
To alter, to change into something new; to revolutionize.
connoisseur
C1
/ˌkɑnəˈsɝ/
A specialist in a given field whose opinion is highly valued, especially in one of the fine arts or in matters of taste.
abstraction
C1
/æbˈstɹæk.ʃn̩/
The act of abstracting, separating, withdrawing, or taking away; withdrawal; the state of being taken away.
tantrum
C1
/ˈtæn.tɹəm/
a display of bad temper
discard
C1
/dɪsˈkɑɹd/
To throw away, to reject.
fatality
C1
/feɪˈtælɪti/
That which is decreed by fate or which is fatal; a fatal event.
stiffen
C1
/ˈstɪfən/
to become stiff or stiffer
wooded
C1
/ˈwʊdɪd/
covered with growing trees and bushes etc
flatter
C1
/ˈflætɚ/
To compliment someone, often (but not necessarily) insincerely and sometimes to win favour.
flattery
C1
/ˈflæt.ɚ.i/
Excessive praise or approval, which is often insincere and sometimes contrived to win favour.
aimless
C1
/ˈeɪm.ləs/
Without aim, purpose, or direction.
aimlessly
C1
/ˈeɪmləsli/
Without an aim, purpose or direction; in an aimless manner.
meaningless
C1
/ˈmiːnɪŋləs/
having no meaning or direction or purpose
meaninglessly
C1
In a meaningless manner; nonsensically.
candid
C1
/ˈkæn.dɪd/
openly straightforward and direct without reserve or secretiveness
candidly
C1
/ˈkændɪdli/
in a candid manner; frankly.
vitality
C1
/vaɪˈtælɪti/
the property of being able to survive and grow
provoke
C1
/pɹəˈvoʊk/
evoke or provoke to appear or occur
provocative
C1
/pɹəˈvɑ.kə.tɪv/
exciting sexual desire
provocatively
C1
/proʊˈvɑːkətɪvli/
in a provocative manner
clench
C1
/klɛnt͡ʃ/
to squeeze together tightly
haggle
C1
/ˈhægəl/
wrangle (over a price, terms of an agreement, etc.)
scorn
C1
/skɔɹn/
To feel or display contempt or disdain for something or somebody; to despise.
scornful
C1
/ˈskɔɹnfəl/
Showing scorn or disrespect; contemptuous; scathing; withering.
scornfully
C1
/ˈskɔɹnfəli/
In a scornful manner; contemptuously, derisively.
animatedly
C1
/ˈænɪˌmeɪtɪdli/
in an animated manner
obscure
C1
/əbˈskjʊə(ɹ)/
not clearly understood or expressed
obscurely
C1
/əbˈskjʊɹli/
in an obscure manner
elevate
C1
/ˈɛləveɪt/
To raise (something) to a higher position.
elevation
C1
/ˌɛlɪˈveɪʃn̩/
(ballet) the height of a dancer's leap or jump
tediously
C1
/ˈtiːdiːəsli/
In a tedious or wearisome manner.
succession
C1
/səkˈsɛʃən/
a group of people or things arranged or following in order
formality
C1
/fɔːrˈmælɪti/
compliance with formal rules
mountaineer
C1
/ˌmaʊn.tɪnˈɪɹ/
A person who lives in a mountainous area (often with the connotation that such people are outlaws or uncivilized).
pioneer
C1
/ˌpaɪ.əˈnɪɹ/
one the first colonists or settlers in a new territory
quest
C1
/kwɛst/
the act of searching for something
transatlantic
C1
/ˌtrænzətˈlæntɪk/
crossing the Atlantic Ocean
rudiments
C1
/ˈruːdɪmənts/
a statement of fundamental facts or principles
rudimentary
C1
/ˌɹuːdɪˈmɛntəɹi/
being in the earliest stages of development
immense
C1
/ɪˈmɛns/
Huge, gigantic, very large.
immensely
C1
/ɪˈmɛnsli/
Greatly; hugely; extremely; vastly; to a great extent.
advisory
C1
/ædˈvaɪz(ə)ɹi/
giving consultative information or advice
trying
C1
/ˈtɹaɪ.ɪŋ/
hard to endure
adrenaline
C1
/əˈdɹɛnəlɪn/
a catecholamine secreted by the adrenal medulla in response to stress, also known as epinephrine
tinker
C1
/ˈtɪŋkɚ/
try to fix or mend
lavatory
C1
/ˈlæv.ə.t(ɔ)ɹ.i/
A vessel or fixture for washing, particularly
pinnacle
C1
/ˈpɪnəkəl/
raise on or as if on a pinnacle
insecure
C1
/ɪnsəˈkjʊɹ/
lacking self-confidence or assurance
insecurely
C1
in a manner involving risk
reassure
C1
/ˌɹi.əˈʃʊɹ/
To assure anew; to restore confidence to; to free from fear or self-doubt.
reassurance
C1
/ˌriːəˈʃʊrəns/
The feeling of being reassured, of having confidence restored, of having apprehensions dispelled.
insensitive
C1
/ɪnˈsɛnsɪtɪv/
not responsive to physical stimuli
insensitively
C1
in an insensitive manner
profess
C1
/prəˈfɛs/
state insincerely
drawback
C1
/ˈdɹɔˌbæk/
the quality of being a hindrance
oversee
C1
/ˌoʊ.vɚˈsi/
watch and direct
overseer
C1
/ˈəʊvəˌsiːə(ɹ)/
One who oversees or supervises.
estimation
C1
/ˌɛs.təˈmeɪ.ʃən/
the respect with which a person is held
liaison
C1
/liˈeɪˌzɑn/
a channel for communication between groups
stressfully
C1
In a stressful way.
loom
C1
/lum/
come into view indistinctly, often threateningly
notwithstanding
C1
/ˌnɑtwɪθˈstændɪŋ/
Nevertheless, all the same.
structurally
C1
/ˈstrʌktʃɝəli/
with respect to structure
structural
C1
/ˈstɹʌk(t͡)ʃəɹəl/
affecting or involved in structure or construction
chauffer
C1
/ˈt͡ʃɔː.fə/
A small, portable stove.
sedentary
C1
/ˈsɛd.ən.tɛɹ.i/
requiring sitting or little activity
rapport
C1
/ɹæˈpɔɹ/
A relationship of mutual trust and respect; a close and harmonious relationship in which the people or groups concerned understand each other's feelings or ideas and communicate well.
consultation
C1
/ˌkɑnsəlˈteɪʃən/
a conference between two or more people to consider a particular question
consultancy
C1
/kənˈsʌltənsi/
the practice of giving expert advice within a particular field
retention
C1
/ɹɪˈtɛnʃən/
The act of retaining or something retained.
quarry
C1
/ˈk(w)ɔɹ.i/
a surface excavation for extracting stone or slate
specification
C1
/ˌspɛsɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/
An explicit set of requirements to be satisfied by a material, product, or service.
contractor
C1
/ˈkɑːnˌtræktɝ/
A person or company that builds or improves buildings or structures.
possessor
C1
/pəˈzɛsɝ/
Agent noun of possess; one who possesses
chill
C1
/tʃəl/
to depress or discourage
chilly
C1
/ˈtʃɪli/
not characterized by emotion
frosty
C1
/ˈfɹɔsti/
pleasantly cold and invigorating
frostily
C1
/ˈfɹɔs.tɪ.li/
without warmth or enthusiasm
unmanned
C1
/ʌnˈmænd/
lacking a crew
impersonal
C1
/ɪmˈpɝsənəl/
having no personal preference
impersonally
C1
in an impersonal manner
impersonate
C1
/ɪmˈpɜːsəneɪt/
assume or act the character of
impersonator
C1
/ˌɪmˈpɝːsəneɪtɝ/
someone who (fraudulently) assumes the appearance of another
impersonation
C1
/ˌɪmpɝsəˈneɪʃən/
imitating the mannerisms of another person
buzzer
C1
/ˈbʌzɚ/
One who, or that which, buzzes; an insect that buzzes.
desertion
C1
/dɪˈzɝʃən/
withdrawing support or help despite allegiance or responsibility
unoccupied
C1
/əˈnɑːkjəˌpaɪd/
not leased to or occupied by a tenant
stuffy
C1
/ˈstʌfi/
affected with a sensation of stoppage or obstruction
stuffily
C1
/ˈstʌfɪli/
in a stuffy manner
stuffiness
C1
dull and pompous gravity
gape
C1
/ˈɡeɪp/
To open the mouth wide, especially involuntarily, as in a yawn, anger, or surprise.
repute
C1
/ɹɪˈpjuːt/
Reputation, especially a good reputation.
toughness
C1
/ˈtʌfnəs/
impressive difficulty
plumbing
C1
/ˈplʌmɪŋ/
The pipes, together with the joints, tanks, stopcocks, taps, and other fixtures of a water, gas, or sewage system in a house or other building.
glum
C1
/ɡlʌm/
Despondent; moody; sullen.
glumly
C1
/ˈɡlʌmli/
In a glum manner.
gamely
C1
/ˈgeɪmli/
in a plucky manner
dissect
C1
/dɪˈsɛkt/
cut open or cut apart
dissection
C1
/dɪˈsɛkʃən/
Surgical removal.
commend
C1
/kəˈmɛnd/
to express approval of
commendation
C1
/ˌkɑmənˈdeɪʃən/
The act of commending; praise; favorable representation in words; recommendation.
thereby
C1
/ðɛɹˈbaɪ/
by that means or because of that
flick
C1
/flɪk/
a light sharp contact, usually with something flexible
flicker
C1
/ˈflɪkɚ/
move back and forth very rapidly
unenviable
C1
/əˈnɛnˌviːəbəl/
so undesirable as to be incapable of arousing envy
unenviably
C1
In an unenviable way.
allege
C1
/əˈlɛd͡ʒ/
to report or maintain
bribe
C1
/bɹaɪb/
to make illegal payments to in exchange for favors or influence
bribery
C1
/ˈbɹaɪbəɹi/
The activity of offering, giving, or accepting such bribes.
inclusion
C1
/ɪnˈkluːʒən/
any small intracellular body found within another (characteristic of certain diseases)
inclusive
C1
/ɪnˈkluːsɪv/
Including (almost) everything within its scope.
inclusively
C1
/ɪnˈkluːsɪv.li/
In an inclusive fashion.
unconvincing
C1
/ˌənkənˈvɪnsɪŋ/
not convincing
unconvincingly
C1
in an unconvincing manner
recharge
C1
/ɹiːˈtʃɑː(ɹ)dʒ/
charge anew
facilitation
C1
/fəˌsɪlɪˈteɪʃən/
the condition of being made easy (or easier)
conditional
C1
/kənˈdɪʃ.ə.nəl/
imposing or depending on or containing a condition
conditionally
C1
/kənˈdɪʃənəli/
subject to a condition
supple
C1
/ˈsʌpəl/
capable of moving or bending freely, specifically referring to persons' bodies
manicure
C1
/ˈmæ.nɪ.kjʊɹ/
trim carefully and neatly
pedicure
C1
/ˈpɛ.dɪ.kjʊɹ/
professional care for the feet and toenails
facial
C1
/ˈfeɪ.ʃəl/
of or concerning the face
bouquet
C1
/buːˈkeɪ/
A bunch of cut flowers.
refurbish
C1
/ɹiˈfɝbɪʃ/
make brighter and prettier
refurbishment
C1
/riːˈfɝːbɪʃmənt/
the state of being restored to its former good condition
grounds
C1
/ɡɹaʊndz/
dregs consisting of solid particles (especially of coffee) that form a residue
lethargy
C1
/ˈlɛθ.ə(ɹ).d͡ʒi/
A state of extreme torpor, sopor or apathy, especially with lack of emotion, energy or enthusiasm; (loosely) sluggishness, laziness.
lethargic
C1
/ləˈθɑɹd͡ʒɪk/
deficient in alertness or activity
lethargically
C1
without energy
stately
C1
/ˈsteɪtli/
Worthy of respect; dignified, regal.
conserve
C1
/ˈkɒnsɜː(ɹ)v/
to preserve with sugar
conservatory
C1
/kənˈsɝ.vəˌt(ɔ.)ɹi/
That which preserves from injury.
disquieting
C1
/dɪˈskwaɪətɪŋ/
causing mental discomfort
fiercely
C1
/ˈfɪɹsli/
in an emotionally fierce manner
grapefruit
C1
/ˈɡɹeɪpfɹut/
The tree of the species Citrus paradisi, a hybrid of Citrus maxima and sweet orange.
exotically
C1
In an exotic manner.
flask
C1
/flask/
A nuclear flask, a large, secure lead-lined container for the transport of nuclear material.
spacious
C1
/ˈspeɪʃ.əs/
Having plenty of space; roomy; capacious.
gourmet
C1
/ɡʊɹˈmeɪ/
Fine; of superior quality.
conjure
C1
/ˈkɑn.d͡ʒɚ/
To perform magic tricks.
creamy
C1
/ˈkɹiːmi/
of the color of cream
sauna
C1
/ˈsɔː.nə/
A room or a house designed for heat sessions.
remedial
C1
/ɹɪˈmi.di.əl/
tending or intended to rectify or improve
posture
C1
/ˈpɑst͡ʃɚ/
characteristic way of bearing one's body
sedate
C1
/səˈdeɪt/
cause to be calm or quiet as by administering a sedative to
sedately
C1
/sɪˈdeɪtli/
in a sedate manner
clutch
C1
/klʌt͡ʃ/
a coupling that connects or disconnects driving and driven parts of a driving mechanism
staggering
C1
/ˈstæɡəɹɪŋ/
Incredible, overwhelming, amazing.
dutiful
C1
/ˈduːtiːfəl/
willingly obedient out of a sense of duty and respect
dutifully
C1
/ˈduːtiːfəli/
With a regard to duty; in a dutiful manner.
calorie
C1
/ˈkæləɹi/
A non-SI unit of energy, equivalent to 4.184 kilojoules, that can raise the temperature of a kilogram of water by one degree Celsius. This is the unit normally used in food labeling.
fabulously
C1
/ˈfæb.jʊ.ləs.li/
In a fabulous manner.
premises
C1
/ˈpɹemɪsɪz/
land and the buildings on it
eclectic
C1
/ɛkˈlɛk.tɪk/
Selecting a mixture of what appears to be best of various doctrines, methods or styles.
eclectically
C1
In an eclectic manner.
revere
C1
/ɹə.viːɹ/
To regard someone or something with great awe or devotion.
recognizable
C1
/ˌrɛkəgˈnaɪzəbəl/
Able to be recognized.
recognizably
C1
/ˈrɛkəgˌnaɪzəbli/
to a recognizable degree
batter
C1
/ˈbætɚ/
to make a dent or impression in
unreliably
C1
in an unfaithful undependable unreliable manner
waterfront
C1
/ˈwɔtɝˌfrənt/
The land alongside a body of water.
amply
C1
/ˈæm.pli/
to an ample degree or in an ample manner
amplification
C1
/ˌæmplɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/
addition of extra material or illustration or clarifying detail
battered
C1
/ˈbætəɹd/
exhibiting symptoms resulting from repeated physical and emotional injury
comply
C1
/kəmˈplaɪ/
To yield assent; to accord; to acquiesce, agree, consent; to adapt oneself, to conform.
compliance
C1
/kəmˈplaɪ.əns/
An act of complying.
compliant
C1
/kəmˈplaɪənt/
disposed or willing to comply
compliantly
C1
in a compliant manner
blankness
C1
The characteristic of being blank.
exuberant
C1
/ɪɡˈzuːbəɹənt/
Very cheery and peppy; extremely cheerful, energetic and enthusiastic.
exuberance
C1
/ɪɡˈzub(ə)rən(t)s/
overflowing with eager enjoyment or approval
exuberantly
C1
in an exuberant manner
linear
C1
/ˈlɪni.əɹ/
Having the form of a line; straight or roughly straight; following a direct course.
linearly
C1
/ˈlɪniːɝli/
in a linear manner
flourish
C1
/ˈflɐɹ.ɪ̟ʃ/
a short lively tune played on brass instruments
anchored
C1
/ˈæŋkɝd/
Having the extremities turned back, like the flukes of an anchor. (Compare sarcelly, moline.)
domination
C1
/ˌdɑːməˈneɪʃən/
Control by means of superior ability, influence, position, or resources; prevailing force.
dominant
C1
/ˈdɑmənənt/
exercising influence or control
dominantly
C1
In a dominant manner.
interject
C1
/ɪn.tɚˈd͡ʒɛkt/
to insert between other elements
interjection
C1
/ˌɪn.tɚˈd͡ʒɛk.ʃən/
An exclamation or filled pause; a word or phrase with no particular grammatical relation to a sentence, often an expression of emotion.
gush
C1
/ˈɡʌʃ/
gush forth in a sudden stream or jet
gushing
C1
/ˈɡʌʃɪŋ/
flowing profusely
gushingly
C1
in a gushing manner
voracious
C1
/vɔːˈɹeɪ.ʃəs/
devouring or craving food in great quantities
voraciously
C1
in an eagerly voracious manner
sketchbook
C1
/ˈskɛt͡ʃˌbʊk/
A book of printed sketches.
prop
C1
/pɹɑp/
any movable articles or objects used on the set of a play or movie
imp
C1
/ˈɪmp/
To graft or implant (something other than a plant); to fix or set (something) in.
impish
C1
/ˈɪmpɪʃ/
naughtily or annoyingly playful
impishly
C1
in an appealing but bold manner
wicked
C1
/ˈwək.əd/
Evil or mischievous by nature; morally reprehensible.
wickedly
C1
/ˈwɪkɪdli/
in a wicked evil manner
macabre
C1
/məˈkɑb/
Representing or personifying death.
gusto
C1
/ˈɡʌstoʊ/
Enthusiasm; enjoyment, vigor.
tantamount
C1
/ˈtæntəˌmaʊnt/
Equivalent in meaning or effect; amounting to the same thing in practical terms, even if being technically distinct.
antics
C1
/ˈæntɪks/
plural of antic
relapse
C1
/ɹɪˈlæps/
deteriorate in health
impede
C1
/ɪmˈpiːd/
To get in the way of; to hinder.
impediment
C1
/ɪmˈpɛdɪmənt/
A hindrance; that which impedes or obstructs progress; impedance.
taut
C1
/tɔt/
pulled or drawn tight
tautly
C1
in a taut manner
jersey
C1
/ˈd͡ʒɝzi/
A shirt worn by a member of an athletic team, usually oversized, typically depicting the athlete's name and team number as well as the team's logotype.
startling
C1
/ˈstɑɹ.tl̩.ɪŋ/
so remarkably different or sudden as to cause momentary shock or alarm
startlingly
C1
/ˈstɑːrtlɪŋˌliː/
in a startling manner
slack
C1
/slæk/
flowing with little speed as e.g. at the turning of the tide
slackly
C1
In a slack manner.
unwavering
C1
/ˌənˈweɪvəɹɪŋ/
Not wavering.
unwaveringly
C1
In an unwavering manner.
removed
C1
/ɹɪˈmuːvd/
Separated in time, space, or degree.
buffoon
C1
/bəˈfuːn/
One who performs in a silly or ridiculous fashion; a clown or fool.
beguiling
C1
/bɪˈgaɪlɪŋ/
misleading by means of pleasant or alluring methods
beguilingly
C1
In a beguiling manner
blithely
C1
/ˈblaɪθli/
Without care, concern, or consideration.
stray
C1
/stɹeɪ/
an animal having no home or having wandered away from home
mythological
C1
/ˌmɪθəˈlɒd͡ʒɪkəl/
Of, or relating to myths or mythology.
mythology
C1
/mɪˈθɑ.lə.d͡ʒi/
The collection of myths of a people, concerning the origin of the people, history, deities, ancestors and heroes.
venerate
C1
/ˈvɛnəɹeɪt/
to regard with feelings of respect and reverence
veneration
C1
/ˌvɛnəˈɹeɪʃən/
Profound reverence, respect or awe.
ethical
C1
/ˈɛθɪkəl/
conforming to accepted standards of social or professional behavior
ethically
C1
/ˈɛθɪkəli/
In an ethical manner.
heroine
C1
/ˈhɪɹoʊɪn/
A female lead character.
refreshing
C1
/ɹəˈfɹɛʃɪŋ/
pleasantly new or different
zany
C1
/ˈzeɪni/
ludicrous, foolish, like a clown
devotee
C1
/ˌdɛv.əˈtiː/
An ardent enthusiast or admirer.
salve
C1
/sæ(l)v/
anything that remedies or heals or soothes
salvation
C1
/sælˈveɪ.ʃn̩/
saving someone or something from harm or from an unpleasant situation
salvage
C1
/ˈsælvɪd͡ʒ/
The similar rescue of property liable to loss; the property so rescued.
staccato
C1
/stəˈkɑːtoʊ/
in music, marked by or composed of disconnected parts or sounds
verve
C1
/vɝv/
an energetic style
motley
C1
/ˈmɑtli/
having sections or patches colored differently and usually brightly
preach
C1
/ˈpriːtʃ/
deliver a sermon
preacher
C1
/ˈpɹit͡ʃɚ/
Someone who preaches a worldview, philosophy, or religion, especially someone who preaches the gospel and especially a clergyman or clergywoman. In a religious context, usually used only to refer to Protestant Christian clergy.
justly
C1
/ˈdʒʌstli/
In a just or fair manner; rightfully.
wry
C1
/ɹaɪ/
bent to one side
wryly
C1
/ˈɹaɪli/
in a wry manner
poetess
C1
/ˈpoʊ.ɪˌtɛs/
A female poet.
confide
C1
/kənˈfaɪd/
to reveal in private
sentient
C1
/ˈsɛn.ʃi.ənt/
endowed with feeling and unstructured consciousness
sentiment
C1
/ˈsɛn.tɪ.mənt/
A general thought, feeling, or sense.
sentimental
C1
/ˌsɛntiˈmɛntl̩/
Characterized by sentiment, sentimentality or excess emotion; appealing to the emotions (especially tender emotions) rather than reason, morality, aesthetic taste, etc.
sentimentally
C1
in a sentimental manner
tangle
C1
/ˈtæŋ.ɡl̩/
something jumbled or confused
tangled
C1
/ˈtæŋ.ɡəld/
in a confused mass
untangle
C1
/ʌnˈtæŋ.ɡəl/
To remove tangles or knots from.
untangled
C1
not tangled
perceptive
C1
/pɚˈsɛptɪv/
of or relating to perception
perceptively
C1
in a perceptive manner
outset
C1
/ˈaʊtsɛt/
An onset; the beginning or initial stage of something.
tycoon
C1
/taɪˈkuːn/
A wealthy and powerful business person.
engross
C1
/ɪnˈɡɹəʊs/
To write (a document) in large, aesthetic, and legible lettering; to make a finalized copy of.
engrossing
C1
/ɛnˈɡɹoʊsɪŋ/
Utterly consuming one's time and attention.
detritus
C1
/dɪˈtɹaɪ.təs/
Organic waste material from decomposing dead plants or animals.
detriment
C1
/ˈdɛtɹɪmənt/
Harm, hurt, damage.
detrimental
C1
/ˌdɛtɹɪˈmɛntəl/
Causing damage or harm.
detrimentally
C1
In a detrimental manner.
domestically
C1
/dəˈmɛstɪkli/
with respect to home or family
domesticate
C1
/dəˈmɛ.stɪ.keɪt/
make fit for cultivation, domestic life, and service to humans
domestication
C1
/dəˌmɛstəˈkeɪʃən/
accommodation to domestic life
eccentrically
C1
In an eccentric manner.
render
C1
/ˈɹɛn.dɚ/
cause to become
rendering
C1
/ˈɹɛndəɹɪŋ/
Version; translation.
pathos
C1
/ˈpeɪˌθɑs/
a quality that arouses emotions (especially pity or sorrow)
tailor
C1
/ˈteɪlɚ/
A person who makes, repairs, or alters clothes professionally, especially suits and men's clothing.
personalize
C1
/ˈpɝ.sə.nəˌlaɪz/
make personal or more personal
personalization
C1
/ˌpɝs(ə)nəlaɪˈzeɪʃən/
The act of personalizing something, or adapting it for somebody's needs or tastes.
limitless
C1
/ˈlɪmətləs/
without limits in extent or size or quantity
apprentice
C1
/əˈpɹɛntɪs/
to be or work as an apprentice
apprenticeship
C1
/əˈpɹɛn.tɪs.ʃɪp/
The system by which a person learning a craft or trade is instructed by a master for a set time under set conditions.
precision
C1
/pɹəˈsəʒ.ən/
The state of being precise or exact; especially, both exact and accurate.
silhouette
C1
/ˌsɪ.lʊˈwɛt/
An illustrated outline filled in with a solid color(s), usually only black, and intended to represent the shape of an object without revealing any other visual details; a similar appearance produced when the object being viewed is situated in relative darkness with brighter lighting behind it; a profile portrait in black, such as a shadow appears to be.
nondescript
C1
/nɑndəˈskɹɪpt/
Without distinguishing qualities or characteristics.
negligible
C1
/ˈnɛɡlɪd͡ʒɪbəl/
Able to be neglected, ignored or excluded from consideration; too small or unimportant to be of concern.
negligent
C1
/ˈnɛɡ.lɪ.d͡ʒənt/
characterized by neglect and undue lack of concern
negligently
C1
/ˈnɛglɪdʒəntli/
in an irresponsible and/or otherwise unacceptable manner
principally
C1
/ˈprɪnsɪpli/
In a primary manner; pertaining to the principal of a matter.
altruism
C1
/ˈæl.tɹu.ɪz.əm/
Regard for others, both natural and moral without regard for oneself; devotion to the interests of others; brotherly kindness.
altruistic
C1
/ˌæl.tɹuˈɪs.tɪk/
Regardful of others; beneficent; unselfish
scenario
C1
/sɪˈnɛəɹioʊ/
a postulated sequence of possible events
voluntary
C1
/ˈvɑ.lənˌt(ɛ)ɹi/
controlled by individual volition
voluntarily
C1
/ˌvɑlənˈtɛɹɪli/
out of your own free will
reap
C1
/ˈɹiːp/
To gather (e.g. a harvest) by cutting.
paternal
C1
/pəˈtɜɹ.nəl/
related on the father's side
maternal
C1
/məˈtɝnəl/
characteristic of a mother
maternalistic
C1
showing maternal instincts
paternalistic
C1
/pəˌtɝːnəˈlɪstɪk/
of, pertaining to, characteristic of or practicing paternalism
provisions
C1
/pɹəˈvɪʒ.ənz/
a stock or supply of foods
injustice
C1
/ɪnˈd͡ʒʌs.tɪs/
Violation of the rights of another person or people.
impoverished
C1
/ɪmˈpɑvəɹɪʃt/
Having lost a component, an ingredient, a faculty or a feature; rendered poor in something; depleted.
unsustainable
C1
/ˌənsəˈsteɪnəbəl/
Not sustainable.
unsustainably
C1
/ˌənsəˈsteɪnəbli/
In an unsustainable manner
sustainable
C1
/səˈsteɪnəbəl/
Able to be produced or sustained for an indefinite period without damaging the environment, or without depleting a resource; renewable.
sustainably
C1
/səˈsteɪ.nə.bli/
In a sustainable manner.
bypass
C1
/ˈbaɪpæs/
to avoid something unpleasant or laborious
cynic
C1
/ˈsɪnɪk/
A person whose outlook is scornfully negative.
cynical
C1
/ˈsɪnɪkəl/
Of or relating to the belief that human actions are motivated only or primarily by base desires or selfishness.
cynically
C1
/ˈsɪnɪkəli/
in a cynical manner.
cynicism
C1
/ˈsɪnɪˌsɪzəm/
a cynical feeling of distrust
sarcasm
C1
/ˈsɑːɹˌkæzəm/
witty language used to convey insults or scorn
sarcastic
C1
/sɑɹˈkæs.tɪk/
Containing sarcasm.
sarcastically
C1
/sɑː(ɹ)ˈkæstɪkli/
in a sarcastic manner
misplace
C1
/mɪsˈpleɪs/
to place something where one cannot find it again
symptomatic
C1
/ˌsɪmp.təˈmæt.ɪk/
relating to or according to or affecting a symptom or symptoms
degrade
C1
/dɪˈɡɹeɪd/
To lower in value or social position.
degrading
C1
/dɪˈgreɪdɪŋ/
Causing or likely to cause someone to feel degraded.
degradation
C1
/ˌdɛgrəˈdeɪʃən/
changing to a lower state and/or less respected state
discourse
C1
/ˈdɪs.kɔːɹs/
Verbal exchange, conversation.
amid
C1
/əˈmɪd/
In the middle of; in the center of; surrounded by.
hedgehog
C1
/ˈhɛd͡ʒ.hɒɡ/
A small mammal of the subfamily Erinaceinae, characterized by their spiny back and often by the habit of rolling up into a ball when attacked, native to Afro-Eurasia.
nocturnal
C1
/nɑkˈtɝ.nəl/
belonging to or active during the night
hibernate
C1
/[ˈhɑɪbəˌnɛɪt]/
sleep during winter
hibernation
C1
/ˌhaɪ.bəɹˈneɪ.ʃən/
the act of retiring into inactivity
convict
C1
/kənˈvɪkt/
to find or declare guilty
conviction
C1
/kənˈvɪk.ʃən/
(criminal law) a final judgment of guilty in a criminal case and the punishment that is imposed
latent
C1
/ˈleɪ.tənt/
potentially existing but not presently evident or realized
snooze
C1
/snuːz/
To sleep, especially briefly; to nap, doze.
classy
C1
/ˈklæsi/
elegant and fashionable
wrench
C1
/ˈɹɪ̟nt͡ʃ/
a sharp strain on muscles or ligaments
reminisce
C1
/ˌrɛməˈnɪs/
To recall the past in a private moment, often fondly or nostalgically.
reminiscent
C1
/ˌɹɛməˈnɪsnt/
Suggestive of an earlier event or times.
intuit
C1
/ɪnˈtuɪt/
To know intuitively or by immediate perception.
intuition
C1
/ˌɪn.tuˈɪʃ.ən/
an impression that something might be the case
intuitive
C1
/ɪnˈt(j)uɪtɪv/
spontaneously derived from or prompted by a natural tendency
intuitively
C1
/ˌɪnˈtuːɪtɪvli/
in an intuitive manner
marginal
C1
/ˈmɑɹ.d͡ʒɪ.nəl/
at or constituting a border or edge
marginally
C1
/ˈmɑɹd͡ʒɪnəli/
in a marginal manner
crude
C1
/kɹuːd/
belonging to an early stage of technical development
crudely
C1
/ˈkɹudli/
in a crude or unrefined manner
strap
C1
/stɹæp/
to secure, especially a sprained joint, with a strap
strapping
C1
/ˈstræpɪŋ/
Having a sturdy muscular physique; robust.
scoff
C1
/skɔːf/
A derisive or mocking expression of scorn, contempt, or reproach.
fiddly
C1
/ˈfɪdli/
Requiring dexterity to operate.
fiddler
C1
/ˈfɪdələ(ɹ)/
One who fiddles; a cheat.
fiddle
C1
/ˈfɪdl̩/
play on a violin
unmusical
C1
not musical in nature
unmusically
C1
in an unmusical manner
repertory
C1
/ˈɹɛp.əɹˌtɔɹ.i/
the entire range of skills or aptitudes or devices used in a particular field or occupation
concerto
C1
/kənˈt͡ʃɛɹtoʊ/
A piece of music for one or more solo instruments and orchestra.
premier
C1
/pɹɪˈmɪəɹ/
preceding all others in time
fanatic
C1
/fəˈnæt.ɪk/
a person motivated by irrational enthusiasm for a cause or organization
fanatically
C1
/fəˈnæt.ɪk(.ə)li/
in a passionately fanatic manner
acoustically
C1
/əˈkuːstɪkli/
with respect to acoustics
acoustic
C1
/əˈkuː.stɪk/
of or relating to the science of acoustics
acoustics
C1
/əˈkuː.stɪks/
The science of sounds, teaching their nature, phenomena and laws.
compromised
C1
/ˈkɑːmprəˌmaɪzd/
That has been exposed to danger, risk, or discredit.
daunt
C1
/dɔnt/
To discourage, intimidate.
daunting
C1
/ˈdɔntɪŋ/
Discouraging; inspiring fear.
realist
C1
/ˈriːəlɪst/
An advocate of realism; one who believes that matter, objects etc. have real existence beyond our perception of them.
realism
C1
/ˈɹi.əlɪzəm/
the attribute of accepting the facts of life and favoring practicality and literal truth
recess
C1
/ˈɹiˌsɛs/
make a recess in
recessive
C1
/ɹɪˈsɛsɪv/
a gene that produces its characteristic phenotype only when its allele is identical
prolific
C1
/pɹəˈlɪf.ɪk/
bearing in abundance especially offspring
prolifically
C1
/proʊˈlɪfɪkli/
In a prolific manner, or to a prolific extent; abundantly.
proliferate
C1
/pɹəˈlɪf.əɹ.eɪt/
cause to grow or increase rapidly
fragmentation
C1
/ˌfɹæɡmənˈtæɪt͡ʃən/
the condition of a file that is broken up and stored in many different locations on a magnetic disk
astray
C1
/əˈstɹeɪ/
away from the right path or direction
duration
C1
/dʒʊˈɹeɪʃn̩/
continuance in time
durable
C1
/ˈdʊɹəbəl/
existing for a long time
likelihood
C1
/ˈlaɪklihʊd/
The probability of a specified outcome; the chance of something happening; probability; the state or degree of being probable.
naive
C1
/naɪˈiv/
of or created by one without formal training
naively
C1
/naɪˈivli/
in a naive manner
naivety
C1
/nɑːˈiːvti/
lack of sophistication or worldliness
impervious
C1
/ɪmˈpɝ.vi.əs/
not admitting of passage or capable of being affected
ludicrous
C1
/ˈluː.dɪ.kɹəs/
Idiotic or unthinkable, often to the point of being funny; amusing by being plainly incongruous or absurd.
ludicrously
C1
/ˈluːdɪkɹəsli/
In a ludicrous manner.
cost-effective
C1
Returning a benefit that justifies the initial investment; economical.
gruesome
C1
/ˈɡɹusəm/
Repellently frightful and shocking; ghastly, horrific.
gruesomely
C1
in a gruesome manner
envisage
C1
/ɛnˈvɪzɪd͡ʒ/
To conceive or see something within one's mind; to imagine or envision.
screenwriter
C1
/ˈskriːnˌraɪtɝ/
someone who writes screenplays
mingle
C1
/ˈmɪŋ.ɡəl/
to bring or combine together or with something else
churn
C1
/t͡ʃɝn/
a vessel in which cream is agitated to separate butterfat from buttermilk
buffer
C1
/ˈbʌfəɹ/
to add a buffer to a solution
irate
C1
/aɪˈɹeɪt/
feeling or showing extreme anger
irately
C1
in an irate manner
docile
C1
/ˈdɑ.səl/
willing to be taught or led or supervised or directed
docilely
C1
/ˈdɑ.səl.li/
Submissively or obediently.
fiend
C1
/fiːnd/
A devil or demon; a malignant or diabolical being; an evil spirit.
fiendish
C1
/ˈfiːndɪʃ/
Sinister; evil; like a fiend.
fiendishly
C1
/ˈfiːndɪʃli/
In a fiendish manner; evilly, wickedly.
transfix
C1
/trænsˈfɪks/
To render motionless, by arousing terror, amazement or awe.
gypsy
C1
/ˈd͡ʒɪp.si/
Alternative form of Gypsy (“member of the Romani people”).
temperament
C1
/ˈtɛm.pɚ.ə.mənt/
A person's usual manner of thinking, behaving or reacting.
temperamental
C1
/ˌtɛmp(ə)ɹəˈmɛntl̩/
subject to sharply varying moods
temperamentally
C1
/ˌtɛmprəˈmɛntəli/
by temperament
screenplay
C1
/ˈskɹiːnˌpleɪ/
A script for a movie or a television show; especially, the former specifically.
disillusionment
C1
/ˌdɪsɪˈluʒənmənt/
A feeling of disappointment, akin to depression, arising from the realization that something is not what it was expected or believed to be, possibly accompanied by philosophical angst from having one's beliefs challenged.
demise
C1
/dɪˈmaɪz/
Transmission by formal act or conveyance to an heir or successor; transference; especially, the transfer or transmission of the crown or royal authority to a successor.
raunchy
C1
/ˈɹɔːnt͡ʃi/
earthy and sexually explicit
raunchily
C1
In a raunchy manner, in a lewd way.
overdraft
C1
/ˈoʊvɚdɹæft/
The amount overdrawn.
synopsis
C1
/sɪˈnɑpsɪs/
A brief summary of the major points of a written work, either as prose or as a table; an abridgment or condensation of a work.
renown
C1
/ɹɪˈnaʊn/
Fame; celebrity; wide recognition.
contested
C1
/kənˈtɛstəd/
disputed or made the object of contention or competition
verandah
C1
/vəˈɹændə/
a porch along the outside of a building, sometimes partly enclosed
occupational
C1
/ɑkjuˈpeɪʃənəl/
of or relating to the activity or business for which you are trained
verdict
C1
/ˈvɝ.dɪkt/
A decision on an issue of fact in a civil or criminal case or an inquest.
ventilate
C1
/ˈvɛntɪleɪt/
to expose to cool or cold air so as to cool or freshen
ventilation
C1
/ˌvɛntɪˈleɪʃ(ə)n/
a mechanical system in a building that provides fresh air
occupant
C1
/ˈɑ.kjə.pənt/
A person who occupies an office or a position.
radiator
C1
/ˈreːdijeː(j)tɐ/
A device that lowers engine coolant temperature by conducting heat to the air, through metal fins.
homely
C1
/ˈhoʊmli/
lacking in physical beauty or proportion
bureaucratic
C1
/ˌbjʊɹəˈkɹætɪk/
of or relating to or resembling a bureaucrat or bureaucracy
bureaucratically
C1
with respect to bureaucracy
adjustable
C1
/əˈd͡ʒʌstəbəl/
capable of being regulated
fatigue
C1
/fəˈtiːɡ/
labor of a nonmilitary kind done by soldiers, such as cleaning, digging, or draining
muscular
C1
/ˈmʌs.kjə.lɚ/
having or suggesting great physical power or force
versatile
C1
/ˈvɝ.sə.təl/
able to move freely in all directions
versatility
C1
/ˌvɜɹ.səˈtɪl.ɪ.ti/
having a wide variety of skills
stimuli
C1
/ˈstɪm.jʊˌlaɪ̯/
plural of stimulus
uninspiring
C1
/ʌn.ɪnˈspaɪɹ.ɪŋ/
depressing to the spirit
mutually
C1
/ˈmjut͡ʃuəli/
in a mutual or shared manner
somber
C1
/ˈsɑmbɚ/
US standard spelling of sombre.
somberly
C1
/ˈsɑːmbɝli/
in a somber manner
clutter
C1
/ˈklʌtɚ/
A confused disordered jumble of things.
dislodge
C1
/dɪˈslɑːdʒ/
remove or force from a position of dwelling previously occupied
carpenter
C1
/ˈkɑɹpəntɚ/
to work as a woodworker
carpentry
C1
/ˈkɑːrpəntri/
A collection of timber connected by being framed together, as the pieces of a roof, floor, etc.; work done by a carpenter.
transit
C1
/ˈtɹæn.zət/
cause or enable to pass through
plummet
C1
/ˈplʌmət/
drop sharply
circulate
C1
/ˈsɝ.kjʊˌleɪt/
to cause to move around
circulation
C1
/ˌsɝkjʊˈleɪʃən/
free movement or passage (as of cytoplasm within a cell or sap through a plant)
demography
C1
/dɪˈmɑːgrəfi/
The particular demographic makeup of a population.
demographic
C1
/ˌdɛməˈgræfɪk/
of or relating to demography
demographically
C1
/ˌdɛməˈgræfɪkli/
In a demographic manner; in accordance with demographics.
phenomenal
C1
/fɪˈnɑmɪnəl/
of or relating to a phenomenon
phenomenally
C1
/fəˈnɑːmənəli/
to a phenomenal degree
prophet
C1
/ˈpɹɑ.fɪt/
Someone who speaks by divine inspiration.
prophetic
C1
/pɹəˈfɛtɪk/
foretelling events as if by supernatural intervention
paywall
C1
/ˈpeɪ.wɔl/
A system that restricts access to content with a purchase or a paid subscription.
firewall
C1
/ˈfaɪ(ə)ɹˌwɔl/
the application of maximum thrust
invoice
C1
/ˈɪnˌvɔɪs/
send an bill to
demolition
C1
/ɖᵻˈmɔ.lɪ.ʃən/
The process of demolishing or destroying buildings or other structures.
demo
C1
/ˈdɛm.oʊ/
a visual presentation showing how something works
gig
C1
/ˈgɪg/
a booking for musicians
socialization
C1
/ˌsoʊʃəlɪˈzeɪʃən/
the adoption of the behavior patterns of the surrounding culture
antiquity
C1
/ænˈtɪk.wə.ti/
Ancient times; faraway history; former ages.
antiquated
C1
/ˈæntɪˌkweɪtɪd/
old-fashioned, out of date
restoration
C1
/ɹɛstəˈɹeɪʃən/
some artifact that has been restored or reconstructed
restorative
C1
/ɹɪˈstɒɹətɪv/
Serving to restore.
rotate
C1
/ˈɹoʊ.teɪt/
plant or grow in a fixed cyclic order of succession
coupled
C1
/ˈkʌpəld/
connected by a link, as railway cars or trailer trucks
itinerary
C1
/aɪˈtɪnəˌɹɛɹi/
A route or proposed route of a journey.
charter
C1
/ˈt͡ʃɑɹtɚ/
A special privilege, immunity, or exemption.
terrain
C1
/təˈɹeɪn/
a piece of ground having specific characteristics or military potential
resilient
C1
/ɹɪˈzɪl.jənt/
Returning quickly to normal after damaging events or conditions. (of systems, organisms or people)
resilience
C1
/ɹɪˈzɪl.ɪ.əns/
The mental ability to recover quickly from depression, illness or misfortune.
enterprising
C1
/ˈɛntɝˌpraɪzɪŋ/
marked by imagination, initiative, and readiness to undertake new projects
integral
C1
/ˈɪntəɡɹəl/
the result of a mathematical integration
canoe
C1
/kəˈnuː/
to travel by canoe
magnetic
C1
/mæɡˈnɛt.ɪk/
determined by earth's magnetic fields
magnetism
C1
/ˈmægnəˌtɪzəm/
The property of being magnetic.
magnetically
C1
/mægˈnɛtɪkəli/
as if by magnetism
credible
C1
/ˈkɹɛdəbl̩/
appearing to merit belief or acceptance
credibly
C1
/ˈkɹɛdɪbli/
In a credible manner; believably.
credibility
C1
/kɹɛd.əˈbɪ.ɫɪ.ti/
A reputation impacting one's ability to be believed.
credential
C1
/kɹɪˈdɛnʃəl/
Pertaining to or serving as an introduction or recommendation (to someone).
acutely
C1
/əˈkjuːtli/
having a rapid onset
prohibitive
C1
/pɹəˈhɪbɪtɪv/
tending to discourage (especially of prices)
prohibitively
C1
/proʊˈhɪbətɪvli/
to a prohibitive degree
fissure
C1
/ˈfɪʃ.ɚ/
A long, narrow crack or opening made by breaking or splitting, especially in rock or earth.
pendulous
C1
/ˈpɛndʒələs/
Hanging from, or as if from, a support.
suspension
C1
/səˈspɛnʃən/
The act of suspending, or the state of being suspended.
anthropology
C1
/ˌænθɹəˈpɑləd͡ʒi/
the social science that studies the origins and social relationships of human beings
anthropologist
C1
/ˌæn.θɹoʊˈpɑl.ə.d͡ʒɪst/
An expert in anthropology.
squander
C1
/ˈskwɑn.dɚ/
To waste, lavish, splurge; to spend lavishly or profusely; to dissipate.
munch
C1
/ˈmʌntʃ/
a large bite
adjoin
C1
/əˈd͡ʒoɪn/
to attach or add
adjoining
C1
/əˈd͡ʒoɪ.nɪŋ/
Being in contact at some point or line; joining to.
wizened
C1
/ˈwɪzənd/
Withered; lean and wrinkled by shrinkage as from age or illness.
graft
C1
/ɡɹæft/
cause to grow together parts from different plants
orchard
C1
/ˈɔɹ.t͡ʃɚd/
A garden or an area of land for the cultivation of fruit or nut trees.
seedling
C1
/ˈsiːdlɪŋ/
A young plant grown from seed.
tract
C1
/tɹækt/
An area or expanse.
folktale
C1
/ˈfoʊkteɪl/
a tale circulated by word of mouth among the common folk
sprout
C1
/spɹaʊt/
put forth and grow sprouts or shoots
hypocrisy
C1
/hɪˈpɑkɹəsi/
The contrivance of a false appearance of virtue or goodness, while concealing real character or inclinations, especially with respect to religious and moral beliefs; hence in general sense, dissimulation, pretence, sham.
hypocrite
C1
/ˈhɪ.pə.kɹɪt/
Someone who practices hypocrisy, who pretends to hold beliefs, or whose actions are not consistent with their claimed beliefs.
hypocritical
C1
/hɪpəˈkɹɪtɪkəl/
professing feelings or virtues one does not have
hypocritically
C1
in a hypocritical manner
midwife
C1
/ˈmɪd.waɪf/
A person, usually a woman, who is trained to assist women in childbirth, but who is not a physician.
commercially
C1
/kəˈmɝːʃəli/
in a commercial manner
uniformity
C1
/ˌjunɪˈfɔɹməti/
the quality of lacking diversity or variation, even to the point of boredom.
numb
C1
/nʌm/
not showing human feeling or sensitivity, when followed by 'to'
tastebud
C1
/ˈteɪstbʌd/
an oval sensory end organ on the surface of the tongue
amateur
C1
/ˈæ.mə.t͡ʃɚ/
engaged in as a pastime
retrace
C1
/ɹiːˈtɹeɪs/
to go back over again
insubordinate
C1
/ˌɪnsəˈbɔrdəˌneɪt/
not submissive to authority
insubordination
C1
/ˌɪnsəˌbɔrdəˈneɪʃən/
The quality or state of being insubordinate; disobedience to lawful authority; specifically, an employee's failure or refusal to comply with a request or an assignment given by his/her supervisor.
insubordinately
C1
In an insubordinate manner.
subordinate
C1
/səˈbɔɹdɪnət/
(of a clause) unable to stand alone syntactically as a complete sentence
primitively
C1
in a primitive style or manner
embark
C1
/ɪmˈbɑɹk/
set out on an enterprise or subject of study
expedite
C1
/ˈɛk.spɪˌdaɪt/
process fast and efficiently
contextual
C1
/ˌkɑːnˈtɛksˌtʃuːəl/
relating to or determined by or in context
contextually
C1
in a manner dependent on context
whilst
C1
/ʍaɪlst/
Often preceded by the: During the time; meanwhile.
maneuver
C1
/məˈnuvɚ/
a deliberate coordinated movement requiring dexterity and skill
riveting
C1
/ˈrɪvɪtɪŋ/
Commanding the attention of spectators.
plunge
C1
/plʌnd͡ʒ/
cause to be immersed
debut
C1
/deɪˈbjuː/
the act of beginning something new
turmoil
C1
/ˈtɝːˌmɔɪl/
A state of great disorder or uncertainty.
scathing
C1
/ˈskeɪðɪŋ/
marked by harshly abusive criticism
unscathing
C1
convoluted
C1
/ˌkɑnvəˈlutəd/
Having numerous overlapping coils or folds; convolute.
undaunted
C1
/ənˈdɔntɪd/
resolutely courageous
gutsy
C1
/ˈgʌtˈsiː/
From the gut; deep and often coarse.
deprivation
C1
/ˌdɛprəˈveɪʃən/
The act of depriving, dispossessing, or bereaving.
farce
C1
/fɑɹs/
A motion picture or play featuring this style of humor.
portray
C1
/poːˈtɹæ̝ɪ̯/
portray in words
portrayal
C1
/ˌpɔɹˈtɹeɪ.əl/
The result of portraying; a representation, description, or portrait.
elusive
C1
/ɪˈl(j)u.sɪv/
skillful at eluding capture
elude
C1
/ɪˈljuːd/
to avoid or try to avoid fulfilling, answering, or performing duties, questions, or issues
incisor
C1
/ɪnˈsaɪ.zə(ɹ)/
a tooth for cutting or gnawing
incision
C1
/ɪnˈsɪʒən/
the cutting of or into body tissues or organs, especially by a surgeon as part of an operation
chisel
C1
/ˈt͡ʃɪzəl/
to carve with a chisel
chiselled
C1
Alternative form of chiseled.
gnaw
C1
/nɔ/
bite or chew on with the teeth
elongate
C1
/əˈlɔŋˌɡeɪt/
Elongated, extended, lengthened; (especially biology) having a long and slender form.
telltale
C1
/ˈtɛlteɪl/
One who divulges private information with intent to hurt others.
cavity
C1
/ˈkæv.ɪt.i/
in anatomy, a natural hollow or sinus within the body
rustle
C1
/ˈɹʌsəl/
take illegally
glean
C1
/ɡlin/
To collect (fruit, grain, or other produce) from a field, an orchard, etc., after the main gathering or harvest.
niche
C1
/niʃ/
a position particularly well suited to the person who occupies it
somersault
C1
/ˈsʊməˌsɒlt/
an acrobatic feat in which the feet roll over the head, either forward or backward, and return
exhilarate
C1
/ɪɡˈzɪləˌɹeɪt/
To cheer, to cheer up, to gladden, to make happy, to elate.
exhilarating
C1
/ɪgˈzɪlɝˌeɪtɪŋ/
making lively and cheerful
exhilaration
C1
/ɪgˌzɪlɝˈeɪʃən/
the feeling of lively and cheerful joy
physicality
C1
Physical attributes.
hack
C1
/hæk/
a saddle horse used for transportation rather than sport etc
lust
C1
/ˈlɜst/
A feeling of strong desire, especially such a feeling driven by sexual arousal.
unsettling
C1
/ənˈsɛtəlɪŋ/
That makes one troubled or uneasy; disquieting or distressing.
unsettle
C1
/ʌnˈsɛtəl/
To make upset or uncomfortable
suburban
C1
/səˈbɜː(ɹ)bən/
relating to or characteristic of or situated in suburbs
suburbia
C1
/səˈbɝ.bi.ə/
The suburbs as a whole and all that characterizes or pertains to them; (sometimes derogatory) the suburbs as encapsulated or represented by the typical characteristics or qualities of the people living there, especially complacency, conformity, conservativeness, dullness, etc.
dramatist
C1
/ˈdɹæmətɪst/
someone who writes plays
characterization
C1
/ˌkæɹəktəɹəˈzeɪʃən/
the act of describing distinctive characteristics or essential features
quirky
C1
/ˈkwɝːki/
something strange or odd, but in an endearing way
sprawl
C1
/spɹɔl/
To sit with the limbs spread out.
ingenuity
C1
/ˌɪnd͡ʒəˈn(j)uːəti/
the property of being ingenious
panorama
C1
/ˌpæn.əˈɹæm.ə/
a picture or series of pictures representing a continuous scene, which is wider than a typical photograph, often representing many degrees of viewing angle in one picture
panoramic
C1
/ˌpænəˈɹæmɪk/
A panoramic image.
benign
C1
/bɪˈnɑen/
pleasant and beneficial in nature or influence
benignly
C1
/bəˈnaɪnli/
in a benign manner
explosively
C1
/ˌɛkˈsploʊsɪvli/
suddenly and rapidly
bequeath
C1
/bɪˈkwiːθ/
to leave or give by will after one's death
legacy
C1
/ˈleɪɡəsi/
Something inherited from a predecessor or the past.
synthetic
C1
/sɪnˈθɛtɪk/
of a proposition whose truth value is determined by observation or facts
synthetically
C1
/sɪnˈθɛtɪkli/
by synthesis
lackluster
C1
/ˈlæklʌstə(ɹ)/
lacking luster or shine
elastic
C1
/ɪˈlæstɪk/
a narrow band of elastic rubber used to hold things, such as papers, together
appall
C1
/əˈpɔːl/
to fill with apprehension or alarm
appalling
C1
/əˈpɔːlɪŋ/
causing consternation
appallingly
C1
/ʌˈpɑlɪŋli/
to an appalling extent
pounce
C1
/paʊns/
A type of fine powder, as of sandarac, or cuttlefish bone, sprinkled over wet ink to dry the ink after writing or on rough paper to smooth the writing surface.
abound
C1
/əˈbaʊnd/
to be abundant or plentiful
sap
C1
/sæp/
Vitality.
monotonous
C1
/məˈnɑtənəs/
sounded or spoken in a tone unvarying in pitch
monotonously
C1
in a monotonous manner
monotony
C1
/məˈnɑtəni/
the quality of wearisome constancy, routine, and lack of variety
turn to
C1
ingenious
C1
/ɪnˈd͡ʒiːnjəs/
Of a person, displaying genius or brilliance; inventive.
plaque
C1
/plak/
A small card representing an amount of money, used for betting in casinos; a sort of gaming chip.
neutralize
C1
/ˈnutɹəˌlaɪz/
make chemically neutral
neutralization
C1
/ˌnuːtɹəlaɪˈzeɪʃən/
action intended to keep a country politically neutral or exclude it from a possible war
salivate
C1
/ˈsæləveɪt/
produce saliva
cessation
C1
/sɛˈseɪʃən/
a stopping
remorse
C1
/ɹɪˈmɔɹs/
A feeling of regret or sadness for doing wrong or sinning.
remorseless
C1
/rɪˈmɔrsləs/
Unyielding or relentless.
remorsefully
C1
in a rueful manner
remorselessly
C1
Without remorse; in a remorseless manner.
inexcusable
C1
/ˌɪnɪksˈkjuːzəbəl/
not excusable
inexcusably
C1
/ˌɪnɪksˈkjuːzəbli/
in an unpardonable manner or to an unpardonable degree
unassisted
C1
/ˌənəˈsɪstɪd/
Not assisted; without assistance
heighten
C1
/ˈhaɪ̯.tən/
become more extreme
fixture
C1
/ˈfɪks.t͡ʃɚ/
Something that is fixed in place, especially a permanent appliance or other item of personal property that is considered part of a house and is sold with it; compare fitting, furnishing.
bulk
C1
/bʌlk/
the property of something that is great in magnitude
bulky
C1
/ˈbʌlki/
Being large in size, mass, or volume; big, fat or muscular.
bulk up
C1
digitalize
C1
/ˈdi-jə-tə-ˌlīz/
Synonym of digitize.
digitalization
C1
/ˌdɪdʒɪtəlaɪˈzeɪʃən/
Synonym of digitization.
mark-up
C1
Alternative spelling of markup.
complementary
C1
/ˌkɑmplɪˈmɛnt(ə)ɹi/
of words or propositions so related that each is the negation of the other
complimentary
C1
/ˌkɑmplɪˈmɛnt(ə)ɹi/
conveying or resembling a compliment
staple
C1
/ˈsteɪpəl/
necessary or important, especially regarding food or commodities
wares
C1
/wɛɹz/
Goods or services that are for sale.
testament
C1
/ˈtes.tə.mənt/
a profession of belief
succulent
C1
/ˈsʌkjələnt/
Juicy or lush.
succulently
C1
In a succulent way.
tranquil
C1
/ˈtɹæŋ.kwɪl/
Free from emotional or mental disturbance.
tranquility
C1
/træŋˈkwɪlɪti/
a disposition free from stress or emotion
spartan
C1
/ˈspɑː(ɹ)tən/
resolute in the face of pain or danger or adversity
peninsula
C1
/pəˈnɪn.sə.lə/
A piece of land projecting into water from a larger land mass.
billiards
C1
/ˈbɪl.jɚdz/
A two-player cue sport played with two cue balls and one red ball, on a snooker sized table.
Level C2 (875)
exude
C2
/ɪɡˈzud/
release (a liquid) in drops or small quantities
headmistress
C2
/ˈhɛdˌmɪstrəs/
a woman headmaster
mien
C2
/miːn/
Demeanor; facial expression or attitude, especially one which is intended by its bearer.
timidity
C2
/tɪˈmɪdɪti/
The state of being timid; shyness.
unravel
C2
/ˌʌnˈɹævəl/
become undone
concurrence
C2
/kənˈkɝːəns/
An instance of simultaneous occurrence.
unpromising
C2
/ənˈprɔmɪsɪŋ/
unlikely to bring about favorable results or enjoyment
teem
C2
/tiːm/
To be stocked to overflowing.
corpse
C2
/koɹps/
A dead body, especially that of a human as opposed to an animal.
constrained
C2
/kənˈstɹeɪnd/
Kept within close bounds; confined.
indignant
C2
/ɪnˈdɪɡ.nənt/
angered at something unjust or wrong
indignantly
C2
/ˌɪnˈdɪgnəntˌliː/
in an indignant manner
eccentricity
C2
/ˌɛk.sɛnˈtɹɪs.ɪ.ti/
a ratio describing the geometric shape of a conic section
locomotive
C2
/ˌloʊkəˈmoʊtɪv/
The power unit of a train that pulls the coaches or wagons.
locomotion
C2
/ˌloʊ.kəˈmoʊ.ʃən/
Self-powered motion by which a whole organism changes its location through walking, running, jumping, crawling, swimming, brachiating or flying.
individualism
C2
/ˌɪndɪvɪˈduːəˌlɪzəm/
The tendency for a person to act without reference to others, particularly in matters of style, fashion or mode of thought.
enthuse
C2
/ɛnˈθuz/
To show enthusiasm.
belligerent
C2
/bəˈlɪd͡ʒ.ə.ɹənt/
engaged in war
belligerence
C2
/bəˈlɪdʒɝəns/
The state of being belligerent; aggressive inclination to war.
stoicism
C2
/ˈstoʊɪsɪzəm/
A real or pretended indifference to pleasure or pain; insensibility; impassiveness.
recluse
C2
/ɹɪˈkluːs/
Sequestered; secluded, isolated.
reclusive
C2
/rɪˈkluːsɪv/
providing privacy or seclusion
metalled
C2
Surfaced, tarred, covered in stone or crushed rock (usually tar-coated).
oblique
C2
/oʊˈbliːk/
slanting or inclined in direction or course or position--neither parallel nor perpendicular nor right-angled
facsimile
C2
/fækˈsɪməli/
A copy or reproduction.
shamble
C2
/ˈʃæmbl̩/
To walk while shuffling or dragging the feet.
whir
C2
/wɝ/
sound of something in rapid motion
blight
C2
/ˈblaɪt/
to cause to suffer a blight
puritanical
C2
/pjɚ.ɪˈtæn.ɪ.kl̩/
Of or pertaining to the Puritans, or to their doctrines and practice.
brood
C2
/bɹuːd/
to sit on eggs
disdainful
C2
/dɪsˈdeɪnfəl/
having or showing arrogant superiority to and disdain of those one views as unworthy
zoologist
C2
/zoʊˈɑləd͡ʒɪst/
a specialist in the branch of biology dealing with animals
zoology
C2
/zoʊˈɑləd͡ʒi/
the branch of biology that studies animals
encumbrance
C2
/ɪnˈkʌm.bɹəns/
Something that encumbers; a burden that must be carried.
encumber
C2
/ɪnˈkʌmbə(ɹ)/
To load down something with a burden.
hypothesis
C2
/[haɪˈpʰɑθəsɪs]/
A tentative conjecture explaining an observation, phenomenon or scientific problem and that can be tested by further observation, investigation, or experimentation.
hypothesize
C2
/haɪˈpɑ.θəˌsaɪz/
To assume or assert tentatively on uncertain grounds.
hypothetical
C2
/ˌhaɪpəˈθɛtɪkəl/
a hypothetical possibility, circumstance, statement, proposal, situation, etc.
parasitic
C2
/ˌpɛɹ.əˈsɪt.ɪk/
relating to or caused by parasites
plumage
C2
/ˈpljuːmɪd͡ʒ/
Layer or collection of feathers covering a bird’s body; feathers used ornamentally; feathering.
utilitarian
C2
/juˌtɪləˈtɛɹi.ən/
having a useful function
predilection
C2
/ˌpɹɛ.dəˈlɛk.ʃn̩/
a predisposition in favor of something
commensurate
C2
/kəˈmɛnsəɹət/
corresponding in size or degree or extent
commensurately
C2
/kəˈmɛnsɝətli/
In a commensurate manner; so as to be equal or proportionate.
vindicate
C2
/ˈvɪn.dɪˌkeɪt/
to show to be right by providing justification or proof
vindication
C2
/vɪndɪˈkeɪʃən/
the act of vindicating or defending against criticism or censure etc
parable
C2
/ˈpæɹ.ə.bəl/
(New Testament) any of the stories told by Jesus to convey his religious message
minster
C2
/ˈmɪnstɚ/
A monastic church.
wrack
C2
/ɹæk/
the destruction or collapse of something
ironic
C2
/aɪˈɹɑ.nɪk/
characterized by often poignant difference or incongruity between what is expected and what actually is
callous
C2
/ˈkæləs/
emotionally hardened
callously
C2
/ˈkæləsli/
in a callous way
derelict
C2
/ˈdɛɹəˌlɪk(t)/
failing in what duty requires
materialism
C2
/məˈtɪɹiəlɪzəm/
Constant concern over material possessions and wealth; a great or excessive regard for worldly concerns.
materialistic
C2
/məˌtɪəɹ.i.əˈlɪs.tɪk/
a noticeable focus on and/or admiration for consumer goods, particularly expensive luxury items, or wealth in general
ferocity
C2
/fəˈɹɑsɪti/
The condition of being ferocious.
evokingly
C2
recitation
C2
/ˌɹɛsəˈteɪʃən/
a public instance of reciting or repeating (from memory) something prepared in advance
equable
C2
/ˈɛkwəbəl/
not easily irritated
extant
C2
/ˈɛk.stənt/
Still in existence; not having disappeared.
denounce
C2
/diˈnaʊns/
speak out against
denunciation
C2
/dɪˌnənsiːˈeɪʃən/
The act of denouncing; an accusation made in public
echo
C2
/ˈɛkoʊ/
an imitation or repetition
requisition
C2
/ˌɹɛkwɪˈzɪʃən/
an official form on which a request in made
substantiate
C2
/səbˈstænʃiˌeɪt/
solidify, firm, or strengthen
inscrutable
C2
/ˌɪnˈskɹuːtəbl̩/
Difficult or impossible to comprehend, fathom, or interpret.
stratosphere
C2
/ˈstrætəsˌfɪr/
The region of the uppermost atmosphere where the temperature increases along with the altitude due to the absorption of solar ultraviolet radiation by ozone.
indulgence
C2
/ɪnˈdʌl.d͡ʒəns/
the remission by the pope of the temporal punishment in purgatory that is still due for sins even after absolution
indulgently
C2
in an indulgent manner
laudatory
C2
/ˈlɔdəˌtɔri/
full of or giving praise
laud
C2
/lɔd/
Glorification or praise.
glitz
C2
/ɡlɪts/
Garish, brilliant showiness.
glitzy
C2
/ˈɡlɪtsi/
Brilliantly showy.
automate
C2
/ˈɔ.təˌmeɪt/
to make automatic, control or operate automatically
apprehend
C2
/ˌæpɹɪˈhend/
to get the meaning of something
athleticism
C2
/æθˈlɛtɪsɪzəm/
intense energy
acreage
C2
/ˈeɪkərɪdʒ/
an area of ground used for some particular purpose such as building or farming
affectation
C2
/ˌæfɛkˈteɪʃən/
An attempt to assume or exhibit what is not natural or real; false display; artificial show.
imposition
C2
/ˌɪm.pəˈzɪʃən/
an uncalled-for burden
stipulate
C2
/ˈstɪpjuˌleɪt/
give a guarantee or promise of
stipulation
C2
/ˌstɪp.jəˈleɪ.ʃən/
Something that is stated or stipulated as a condition of an agreement.
allot
C2
/əˈlɑt/
to give out
allotment
C2
/əˈlɔt.mɛnt/
The act of allotting.
anticlimactically
C2
In an anticlimactic manner.
forfeiture
C2
/ˈfɔɹfɪt͡ʃɚ/
Any loss occasioned by one's own actions.
blitz
C2
/blɪts/
in American football, a tactic whereby defensive players try to break through the offensive line
primeval
C2
/pɹaɪ̯ˈmi.vəl/
Belonging to the first ages.
tenacity
C2
/təˈnæsəti/
The quality or state of being tenacious, or persistence of purpose; tenaciousness.
tenacious
C2
/təˈneɪʃəs/
sticking together
tenaciously
C2
/təˈneɪʃəsli/
In a tenacious manner.
genomic
C2
Of or pertaining to a genome.
genomically
C2
With reference to a genome
capacious
C2
/kəˈpeɪʃəs/
large in capacity
utilization
C2
/ˌjuːtələˈzeɪʃən/
the state of having been made use of
unequivocal
C2
/ˌʌnɪˈkwɪvəkəl/
clearly defined or formulated
unequivocally
C2
/ˌʌnɪˈkwɪvək(ə)li/
in an unambiguous manner
spontaneity
C2
/ˌspɑːntəˈniːəti/
the quality of being spontaneous and coming from natural feelings without constraint
provocation
C2
/ˌpɹɑvəˈkeɪʃən/
needed encouragement
portraiture
C2
/ˈpɔː(ɹ)tɹɪtjʊə(ɹ)/
A portrait; a likeness; a painted resemblance; hence, that which is copied from some example or model.
circumnavigate
C2
/ˌsɝ.kəmˈnæv.ɪ.ɡeɪt/
To travel completely around somewhere or something, especially by sail.
circumnavigation
C2
traveling around something (by ship or plane)
liaise
C2
/liːˈeɪz/
to act between parties with a view to reconciling differences
contractual
C2
/kənˈtræktʃuːəl/
relating to or part of a binding legal agreement
contractually
C2
/kənˈtræktʃuːəli/
by virtue of a contract
abject
C2
/ˈæbˌd͡ʒɛkt/
showing humiliation or submissiveness
sheaf
C2
/ʃiːf/
A quantity of the stalks and ears of wheat, rye, or other grain, bound together; a bundle of grain or straw.
articulation
C2
/ɑɹˌtɪk.jəˈleɪ.ʃən/
expressing in coherent verbal form
spurious
C2
/ˈspjʊɹ.i.əs/
intended to deceive
spuriously
C2
in a false and spurious manner
calorific
C2
/ˌkæləˈɹɪf.ɪk/
heat-generating
fabulate
C2
To tell invented stories, often those that involve fantasy, such as fables.
fabulation
C2
The act or result of fabulating; a fabrication.
octogenarian
C2
/ˌɑktəd͡ʒɪˈnɛɹiən/
Synonym of eightysomething: a person between 80 and 89 years old.
voracity
C2
/vəˈɹæ.sə.ti/
extreme gluttony
brandish
C2
/ˈbɹændɪʃ/
to move or swing back and forth as in excitement or anger, especially a weapon
repose
C2
/ɹəˈpoʊz/
freedom from activity, especially work, strain or responsibility
unencumbered
C2
/ˌʌnɪnˈkʌmbɚd/
free of encumbrance
buffoonery
C2
/bəˈfuːnəɹi/
The behavior of a buffoon; foolishness, silliness.
gauche
C2
/ɡoʊʃ/
lacking social polish
domesticity
C2
/ˌdoʊˌmɛˈstɪsəti/
domestic activities or life
accrue
C2
/əˈkɹu/
to grow by addition
proliferation
C2
/pɹəˌlɪf.əˈɹæɪ.ʃən/
a rapid increase in number (especially a rapid increase in the number of deadly weapons)
blandishment
C2
/ˈblæn.dɪʃ.mənt/
Often in the plural form blandishments: a flattering speech or action designed to influence or persuade.
anthropological
C2
/æn.θɹə.pəˈlɑd͡ʒikəl/
of or concerned with the science of anthropology
anthropologically
C2
In a manner which pertains to anthropology.
carbonize
C2
/ˈkɑɹ.bən.aɪz/
To turn something to carbon, especially by heating it; to scorch or blacken.
monastic
C2
/məˈnæstɪk/
Of or relating to monasteries or monks.
midwifery
C2
/ˈmɪdˌwaɪfəɹi/
assisting women at childbirth
adornment
C2
/əˈdɔːnm(ə)nt/
A decoration; that which adorns.
conjecture
C2
/kənˈd͡ʒɛk.t͡ʃɚ/
to believe especially on uncertain or tentative grounds
malleable
C2
/ˈmæl.iː.ə.bəl/
Flexible, liable to change.
malleability
C2
/ˌmæliːəˈbɪləti/
the property of being physically malleable
ore
C2
/oɹ/
a monetary subunit in Denmark and Norway and Sweden
gale
C2
/ɡeɪl/
A very strong wind, more than a breeze, less than a storm; number 7 through to 9 winds on the 12-step Beaufort scale.
promenade
C2
/pɹɑməˈneɪd/
take a leisurely walk
testimonial
C2
/tɛstɪˈmoʊni.əl/
expressing admiration or appreciation
distill
C2
/dɪˈstɪl/
to give off a liquid
distillation
C2
/ˌdɪstɪˈleɪʃən/
The substance extracted by distilling.
informant
C2
/ɪnˈfɔɹmənt/
One who relays confidential information to someone, especially to the police; an informer.
vis-a-vis
C2
/ˈviːzəvi/
Alternative spelling of vis-à-vis.
overlay
C2
/ˌoʊvɚˈleɪ/
to kill by lying on
nostalgia
C2
/nɑˈstæld͡ʒə/
A longing for home or familiar surroundings; homesickness.
nostalgic
C2
/nɔˈstældʒɪk/
Of, having, or relating to nostalgia.
nostalgically
C2
in a nostalgic manner
grievance
C2
/ˈɡɹiː.vəns/
A wrong or hardship suffered, which is the grounds of a complaint.
residue
C2
/ˈɹɛzɪdjuː/
A form of complex number, proportional to the contour integral of a meromorphic function along a path enclosing one of its singularities.
residual
C2
/ɹɪˈzɪd͡ʒ.ʊəl/
relating to or indicating a remainder
physiological
C2
/ˌfɪz.i.əˈlɑ.d͡ʒɪ.kəl/
of or relating to the biological study of physiology
physiologically
C2
/ˌfɪziːəˈlɑːdʒɪkli/
In accordance with the science of physiology.
methodology
C2
/ˌmɛθ.əˈdɑ.lə.d͡ʒi/
The study of methods used in a field.
methodological
C2
/ˌmɛθ.ə.dəˈlɑ.d͡ʒɪ.kəl/
relating to the methodology of some discipline
methodologically
C2
in a methodical manner
proportional
C2
/prəˈpɔrʃənəl/
At a constant ratio (to). Two magnitudes (numbers) are said to be proportional if the second varies in a direct relation arithmetically to the first. Symbol: ∝.
proportionally
C2
/pɹəˈpɔɹʃənəli/
In proportion; in due degree; adapted relatively.
habitation
C2
/ˌhæb.ɪˈtæɪ.ʃən/
the act of dwelling in or living permanently in a place
inartistic
C2
Lacking in artistic ability.
ornate
C2
/ɔɹˈneɪt/
Elaborately ornamented, often to excess.
modernism
C2
/ˈmɑːdɝˌnɪzəm/
Any of several styles of art, architecture, literature, philosophy, etc., that flourished in the 20th century.
presuppose
C2
/ˌpɹiːsəˈpəʊz/
require as a necessary antecedent or precondition
presupposition
C2
/ˌpriːsəpəˈzɪʃən/
An assumption made beforehand; a preliminary conjecture or speculation.
centralized
C2
/ˈsɛntrəˌlaɪzd/
drawn toward a center or brought under the control of a central authority
transmitter
C2
/trænˈsmɪtɝ/
set used to broadcast radio or TV signals
regulatory
C2
/ˈɹɛɡ.jə.ləˌtɔ.ɹi/
restricting according to rules or principles
archival
C2
/ˌɑɹˈkaɪv(ə)l/
Of or pertaining to an archive or archiving.
diffuse
C2
/dɪˈfjuz/
lacking conciseness
egalitarian
C2
/ɪˌɡæl.ɪˈtɛɹ.i.ən/
Characterized by social equality and equal rights for all people.
hindsight
C2
/ˈhaɪn(d)saɪt/
understanding the nature of an event after it has happened
materialize
C2
/məˈtɪɹiəlaɪz/
To take physical form, to appear seemingly from nowhere.
materialization
C2
The conversion of something into a physical form.
disperse
C2
/dɪˈspɝs/
separate (light) into spectral rays
dispersal
C2
/dɪˈspɝːsəl/
The act or result of dispersing or scattering; dispersion.
stabilize
C2
/sʈɛb(ɪ)ˈlaɪz/
make stable and keep from fluctuating or put into an equilibrium
pervasive
C2
/pɚˈveɪ.sɪv/
Manifested throughout; pervading, permeating, penetrating or affecting everything.
pervasiveness
C2
/pɝˈveɪsɪvnɪs/
the quality of filling or spreading throughout
autonomous
C2
/ɔˈtɑnəməs/
existing as an independent entity
autonomously
C2
/ˌɔˈtɑːnoʊməsli/
In an autonomous or self-governing manner.
outmoded
C2
/ˌaʊtˈmoʊdəd/
Unfashionable.
notoriously
C2
/noʊˈtɔriːəsli/
to a notorious degree
notoriety
C2
/noʊ.tɚ.aɪ.ə.ti/
An infamous or notorious condition or reputation.
menial
C2
/ˈmiːni.əl/
Of or relating to work normally performed by a servant.
insular
C2
/ˈɪnsəlɚ/
suggestive of the isolated life of an island
antidote
C2
/ˈæn.tɪ.doʊt/
a remedy that stops or controls the effects of a poison
postural
C2
/ˈpɑst͡ʃəɹəl/
of or relating to or involving posture
posturing
C2
/ˈpɑːstʃɝɪŋ/
The assumption of an exaggerated pose or attitude.
revelatory
C2
/[ˈɹɛvələtoɹi]/
Of, pertaining to, or in the nature of a revelation.
prostrate
C2
/ˈpɹɑstɹeɪt/
render helpless or defenseless
haphazard
C2
/(ˌ)hæpˈhæz.ɚd/
marked by great carelessness
haphazardly
C2
/hæpˈhæzɚdli/
In a haphazard manner; in a random, chaotic, and incomplete manner.
deficient
C2
/dɪˈfɪʃənt/
inadequate in amount or degree
deficiently
C2
/dɪˈfɪʃəntli/
In a deficient manner.
delicatessen
C2
/ˌdɛlɪkəˈtɛsən/
Delicacies; exotic or expensive foods.
muscle-bound
C2
having stiff muscles as the result of excessive exercise
posit
C2
/ˈpɑzɪt/
to put something somewhere firmly
cocoon
C2
/kəˈkuːn/
to retreat as if into a cocoon, as from an unfriendly environment
chrysalis
C2
/ˈkɹɪsəlɪs/
A butterfly pupa or the pupal stage of the butterfly lifestyle; (originally) any pupal stage of any insect wherein the pupa is largely inactive and takes no food.
ignominious
C2
/ɪɡ.nəˈmɪ.ni.əs/
Causing or marked by disgrace or dishonour; disgraceful, dishonourable; also (loosely), humiliating, shameful.
ignominiously
C2
/ˌɪɡ.nəˈmɪ.ni.əs.li/
In a manner which is ignominious (“especially of a person: deserving of disgrace or dishonour; contemptible, despicable; (generally) causing or marked by disgrace or dishonour; disgraceful, dishonourable; also (loosely), humiliating, shameful”).
euphoria
C2
/juˈfo.ɹi.ə/
An excited state of joy; a feeling of intense happiness.
euphoric
C2
/juˈfɔɹɪk/
Feeling great well-being or elation or intense happiness; characterized by euphoria
euphorically
C2
In a euphoric manner.
relegate
C2
/ˈɹɛlɪˌɡeɪt/
refer to another person for decision or judgment
succumb
C2
/səˈkʌm/
To yield to an overpowering force or overwhelming desire.
treacherous
C2
/ˈtɹɛt͡ʃəɹəs/
tending to betray
treacherously
C2
in a disloyal and faithless manner
treachery
C2
/ˈtɹɛt͡ʃəɹi/
Deliberate, often calculated, disregard for trust or faith.
maggot
C2
/ˈmæɡət/
A worthless person.
palate
C2
/pəˈleʈ/
A person's ability to distinguish between and appreciate different flavors.
palatable
C2
/ˈpælətəbəl/
acceptable to the taste or mind
hermit
C2
/ˈhɝmɪt/
A recluse; someone who lives alone and shuns human companionship.
hermetic
C2
/hə(ɹ)ˈmɛtɪk/
One who follows/worships Hermes.
irrelevancy
C2
/ˌɪˈrɛləvənsi/
A thing that is irrelevant—having no bearing on the subject of discussion.
mariner
C2
/ˈmæɹɪnɚ/
Synonym of sailor, particularly one on a maritime vessel.
rift
C2
/ɹɪft/
a gap between cloud masses
helm
C2
/ˈhɛlm/
a position of leadership
autopilot
C2
/ˈɔtoʊˌpaɪlət/
A mechanical, electrical, or hydraulic system used to guide a vehicle without assistance from a human being.
eminence
C2
/ˈɛmɪnəns/
high status importance owing to marked superiority
eminent
C2
/ˈɛmɪnənt/
Noteworthy, remarkable, great.
preeminent
C2
/priːˈɛmənənt/
Exceeding others in quality or rank; of outstanding excellence, extremely notable or important.
unsuspected
C2
/ˌənsəˈspɛktɪd/
not suspected or believed likely
paralyzingly
C2
In a paralyzing manner.
glory in
C2
decentralize
C2
/diˈsɛntɹəˌlaɪz/
To cause to change from being concentrated at one point or site to being distributed across several.
preoccupation
C2
/ˌpɹiɑkjʊˈpeɪʃən/
The state of being preoccupied or an idea that preoccupies the mind; enthrallment.
prolong
C2
/pɹoʊˈlɔŋ/
To lengthen in time; to extend the duration of.
drudgery
C2
/ˈdrʌdʒɝi/
Exhausting, menial, and tedious work.
pressurize
C2
/ˈpɹɛʃəɹaɪz/
To coerce, put under duress; to pressure.
pressurization
C2
/ˌprɛʃɝɪˈzeɪʃən/
The act or process of increasing pressure within a volume of space.
intermediary
C2
/ˌɪn(t)ɚˈmidiˌɛɹi/
An agent acting as a mediator between sides to facilitate agreement or cooperation.
hotelier
C2
/hoʊˈtɛl.i.əɹ/
Someone who owns or runs a hotel.
denote
C2
/dɪˈnoʊt/
have as a meaning
denotation
C2
/ˌdiː.noʊˈteɪ.ʃən/
The primary, surface, literal, or explicit meaning of a signifier such as a word, phrase, or symbol; that which a word denotes, as contrasted with its connotation; the aggregate or set of objects of which a word may be predicated.
profitability
C2
/ˌpɹɑ.fɪ.təˈbɪl.ɪ.ti/
The quality or state of being profitable; capacity to make a profit.
jargon
C2
/ˈd͡ʒɑɹ.ɡən/
specialized technical terminology characteristic of a particular subject
declination
C2
/ˌdɛklɪˈneɪʃən/
A refusal.
vocational
C2
/voʊˈkeɪʃənəl/
That provides a special skill rather than academic knowledge.
spatial
C2
/ˈspæɪ.ʃəl/
pertaining to or involving or having the nature of space
spatially
C2
with regard to space
integration
C2
/ˌɪn.təˈɡɹeɪ.ʃən/
The act or process of making whole or entire.
extracurricular
C2
/ˌɛkstɹəkəˈɹɪkjʊlə(ɹ)/
outside the regular academic curriculum
encompass
C2
/ɪnˈkʌmpəs/
To include within its scope; to circumscribe or go round so as to surround; to enclose; to contain.
all-encompassing
C2
broad in scope or content
accountability
C2
/əˌkaʊn.təˈbɪl.ə.ti/
The state of being accountable; liability to be called on to render an account or give an explanation; liability to be held responsible or answerable for something.
frolic
C2
/ˈfɹɑlɪk/
play boisterously
minefield
C2
/ˈmaɪnˌfild/
A matter or situation presenting multiple risks, dangers, complications or difficulties.
side-step
C2
abundantly
C2
/əˈbʌn.dn̩t.li/
in an abundant manner
anarchic
C2
/əˈnɑɹ.kɪk/
without law or control
crystallization
C2
/ˌkɹ̠ɪstəlaɪˈzeɪʃən/
The body formed by crystallizing.
prescriptive
C2
/pɹəˈskɹəptəv/
pertaining to giving directives or rules
slab
C2
/slæb/
A large, flat piece of solid material; a solid object that is large and flat.
retrospective
C2
/ˌɹɛt.ɹə(ʊ)ˈspɛk.tɪv/
concerned with or related to the past
retrospection
C2
memory for experiences that are past
wordage
C2
Words collectively, considered in a mass sense.
brevity
C2
/ˈbɹɛvəti/
The quality of being brief in duration.
uncanny
C2
/ʌnˈkæni/
Strange, and mysteriously unsettling (as if supernatural); weird.
tactic
C2
/ˈtæktɪk/
A maneuver, or action calculated to achieve some end.
tactical
C2
/ˈtæktɪk(ə)l/
of or pertaining to tactic or tactics
tactically
C2
/ˈtæktɪkəli/
with regard to tactics
gambit
C2
/ˈɡæmbɪt/
An opening in chess in which material is sacrificed to gain an advantage.
babble
C2
/ˈbæb.(ə)l/
to divulge confidential information or secrets
bauble
C2
/[ˈbɒbəɫ]/
A cheap showy ornament or piece of jewellery; a gewgaw.
correlate
C2
/ˈkɔɹəleɪt/
to bring into a mutual, complementary, or reciprocal relation
correlation
C2
/ˌkɔɹ.əˈleɪ.ʃən/
a statistic representing how closely two variables co-vary
combustion
C2
/kəmˈbʌs.t͡ʃən/
a state of violent disturbance and excitement
painstaking
C2
/ˈpeɪnˌsteɪkɪŋ/
characterized by extreme care and great effort
painstakingly
C2
/ˈpeɪnˌsteɪkɪŋli/
in a fastidious and painstaking manner
contraption
C2
/kənˈtræpʃən/
Any object.
mesh
C2
/mɛʃ/
A structure made of connected strands of metal, fiber, or other flexible/ductile material, with evenly spaced openings between them.
enabler
C2
/ɛˈneɪbəlɝ/
One who or that which helps something to happen.
fluctuate
C2
/ˈflʌkt͡ʃu.eɪt/
be unstable
fluctuation
C2
/flʌkt͡ʃuːˈeɪʃən/
the quality of being unsteady and subject to changes
lyricist
C2
/ˈlɪɹ.ɪsɪst/
a person who writes the words for songs
lyrical
C2
/ˈlɪɹɪkəl/
expressing deep emotion
lyrically
C2
/ˈlɪrɪkli/
in a lyrical manner
bona fide
C2
moribund
C2
/ˈmɔrəbənd/
Approaching death; about to die; dying; expiring.
perch
C2
/pɝt͡ʃ/
sit, as on a branch
solicit
C2
/səˈlɪsɪt/
make a solicitation or petition for something desired
philanthropy
C2
/fɪˈlæn.θɹə.pi/
Benevolent altruism with the intention of increasing the well-being of humankind.
philanthropist
C2
/fəˈlænθrəpəst/
A person or institution who seeks to improve the world, especially by monetary gifts.
philanthropic
C2
/ˌfɪl.ənˈθɹɑ.pɪk/
of or relating to or characterized by philanthropy
philanthropically
C2
in a philanthropic manner
precocious
C2
/pɹəˈkəʊʃəs/
appearing or developing early
precociously
C2
in a precocious manner
wordsmith
C2
/ˈwɝdˌsmɪθ/
One who uses words skilfully.
connote
C2
/kəˈnoʊt/
To signify beyond its literal or principal meaning.
connotation
C2
/ˌkɑnəˈteɪʃən/
A meaning of a word or phrase that is suggested or implied, as opposed to a denotation, or literal meaning. A characteristic of words or phrases, or of the contexts that words and phrases are used in.
herald
C2
/ˈhɛɹ.əld/
a person who announces important news
philistine
C2
/ˈfɪlɪˌstaɪn/
A non-Semitic person from ancient Philistia, a region in the southwest Levant in the Middle East.
innuendo
C2
/ˌɪnjuˈɛndəʊ/
A derogatory hint or reference to, or (often sexual) insinuation about, a person or thing.
induce
C2
/ɪnˈduːs/
cause to arise
inducement
C2
/ɪnˈdusmənt/
act of bringing about a desired result
anthology
C2
/ænˈθɑləd͡ʒi/
A collection of literary works, such as poems or short stories, especially a collection from various authors.
lament
C2
/ləˈmɛnt/
a mournful poem
lamentation
C2
/ˌlæm.ənˈteɪ.ʃən/
The act of lamenting.
conduit
C2
/ˈkɒnd(j)ʊɪt/
a passage, such as a pipe or tunnel, through which water or electric wires can pass
chronology
C2
/kɹəˈnɑl.ə.d͡ʒi/
An arrangement of events into chronological order; called a timeline when involving graphical elements.
chronologically
C2
/ˌkɹɒnəˈlɒdʒɪkli/
with respect to chronology
equilibrium
C2
/ˌiːkwəˈlɪbriːəm/
The condition of a system in which competing influences are balanced, resulting in no net change.
rebound
C2
/ˈɹi.baʊnd/
a reaction to a crisis or setback or frustration
proposition
C2
/ˌpɹɑpəˈzɪʃən/
a task to be dealt with
flagging
C2
/ˈflæɡɪŋ/
a walk of flagstones
electrode
C2
/ˌɪˈlɛktroʊd/
The terminal through which electric current passes between metallic and nonmetallic parts of an electric circuit.
caffeinate
C2
/ˈkæfɪˌneɪt/
To drink caffeinated beverages in order to increase one's energy or wakefulness or to enhance physical or mental performance.
cosmic
C2
/ˈkɑz.mɪk/
of or from or pertaining to or characteristic of the cosmos or universe
interlude
C2
/ˈɪntə(ɹ)luːd/
perform an interlude
beneficiary
C2
/ˌbɛn.ɪˈfɪʃ.ɚ.i/
having or arising from a benefice
recuperate
C2
/ɹɪˈk(j)uːpəˌɹeɪt/
regain or make up for
recuperation
C2
/rɪˌkuːpɝˈeɪʃən/
Process by which radical or subversive ideas are co-opted by mainstream society.
recuperative
C2
/rɪˈkuːpɝətɪv/
promoting recuperation
cultish
C2
Resembling or characteristic of a cult.
seismic
C2
/ˈsaɪzmɪk/
Related to, or caused by an earthquake or other vibration of the Earth.
irrevocably
C2
/ɪˈɹɛ.və.kə.bli/
In an irrevocable manner; in a manner which prevents the ability to be reverted, repealed, or undone.
irrevocable
C2
/iˈɹɛvəkəbəl/
incapable of being retracted or revoked
slither
C2
/ˈslɪð.ɚ/
To move about smoothly and from side to side.
unnerve
C2
/ʌnˈnɜː(ɹ)v/
To deprive of nerve, force, or strength; to weaken; to enfeeble. Compare enervate.
unnerving
C2
/ˈʌnˈnɜːvɪŋ/
Causing a deprivation of courage, strength, confidence, etc.
unnervingly
C2
/ˈʌnˈnɜːvɪŋlɪ/
To an unnerving degree
protrude
C2
/pɹəˈtɹud/
To cause (something) to extend above, beyond, or from a boundary or surface; to cause (something) to project or stick out.
protrusion
C2
/pɹəˈtɹuːʒən/
The act of protruding.
qualitative
C2
/ˈkwɑ.ləˌteɪ.tɪv/
involving distinctions based on qualities
procedural
C2
/pɹəˈsiːd͡ʒ(ə)ɹəl/
of or relating to procedure
demystify
C2
/diːˈmɪstəˌfaɪ/
make less mysterious or remove the mystery from
demystification
C2
The removal of mystery or confusion surrounding a topic or idea.
proprietary
C2
/pɹəˈpɹaɪ.əˌtɛɹ.i/
Of or relating to property or ownership.
proprietorial
C2
Characteristic of or behaving like a proprietor or owner (of a thing); possessive.
floodgates
C2
/ˈflʌdˌgeɪts/
plural of floodgate
imperceptible
C2
/ˌɪmpɝˈsɛptɪbəl/
impossible or difficult to perceive by the mind or senses
imperceptibly
C2
/ˌɪmpɝˈsɛptɪbli/
in an imperceptible manner or to an imperceptible degree
hapless
C2
/ˈhæplɪs/
deserving or inciting pity
catastrophically
C2
with unfortunate consequences
wayward
C2
/ˈweɪwə(ɹ)d/
Given to a wilful, perverse deviation from the expected norm; tending to stray.
blurb
C2
/blɝ(ː)b/
a promotional statement, as found on the dust jackets of books
provincial
C2
/prəˈvɪnʃəl/
characteristic of the provinces or their people
indolent
C2
/ˈɪndələnt/
(of tumors, e.g.) slow to heal or develop and usually painless
indolently
C2
in an indolent manner
indolence
C2
/ˈɪndl̩əns/
Habitual laziness or sloth.
taste-maker
C2
someone who popularizes a new fashion
deviant
C2
/ˈdiːviːənt/
a person whose behavior upsets other people (pejorative)
deviantly
C2
engender
C2
/ɛnˈd͡ʒɛn.dɚ/
To beget (of a man); to bear or conceive (of a woman).
emolument
C2
/əˈmɑljəmənt/
compensation received by virtue of holding an office or having employment (usually in the form of wages or fees)
munificence
C2
/mjuːˈnɪfɪsəns/
The quality of being munificent; generosity.
posterity
C2
/pɑːˈstɛrəti/
all of the offspring of a given progenitor
venomous
C2
/ˈvɛnəməs/
marked by deep ill will
venomously
C2
/ˈvɛnəməsli/
in a very malevolent manner
choreography
C2
/ˌkɔɹiˈɑɡɹəfi/
The art of creating, arranging and recording the dance movements of a work, such as a ballet.
choreographical
C2
choreographic
archetype
C2
/ˈɑɹkɪtaɪp/
An original model of which all other similar concepts, objects, or persons are merely copied, derivative, emulated, or patterned.
archetypal
C2
/ˈɑɹkɪtaɪpəl/
representing or constituting an original type after which other similar things are patterned
dissension
C2
/dɪˈsɛnʃən/
Strong disagreement; a contention or quarrel; discord.
exalted
C2
/ɪɡˈzɔːltɪd/
Praised, honored.
exaltedly
C2
In an exalted manner.
adept
C2
/əˈdɛpt/
having or showing knowledge and skill and aptitude
hitherto
C2
/ˈhɪðəɹˌtu/
Up to this or that time.
angst
C2
/ˈæŋ(k)st/
Emotional turmoil; painful sadness; anguish.
angsty
C2
/ˈæŋ(k)sti/
Fraught with angst.
drabness
C2
The characteristic of being drab.
melodious
C2
/məˈloʊdi.əs/
containing or constituting or characterized by pleasing melody
melodiously
C2
in a musical manner, usually with a strong melody
magpie
C2
/ˈmæɡˌpaɪ/
Someone who displays a magpie-like quality such as hoarding or stealing objects.
melancholy
C2
/ˈmɛl.ənˌkɑ.li/
characterized by or causing or expressing sadness
meteorology
C2
/ˌmiːti.əˈɹɑləd͡ʒi/
the earth science dealing with phenomena of the atmosphere, especially weather
meteorological
C2
/ˌmitiəɹəˈlɑd͡ʒɪkl̩/
of or pertaining to atmospheric phenomena, especially weather and weather conditions
brink
C2
/bɹɪŋk/
The edge, margin, or border of a steep place, as of a precipice; a bank or edge.
unsurpassed
C2
/ˌənsɝˈpæst/
Not exceeded by others.
loiter
C2
/ˈlɔɪtɚ/
be about
topple
C2
/ˈtɑpl̩/
To push or throw over.
intrinsic
C2
/ɪnˈtɹɪn.zɪk/
situated within or belonging solely to the organ or body part on which it acts
intrinsically
C2
/ˌɪnˈtrɪnsɪkəli/
In an intrinsic manner; internally; essentially.
merit
C2
/ˈmɛɹɪt/
any admirable quality or attribute
promotable
C2
Able to be promoted; eligible for promotion.
clinch
C2
/klɪnt͡ʃ/
to settle conclusively
anonymity
C2
/ˌænəˈnɪmɪti/
The quality or state of being anonymous (nameless or unidentified).
splinter
C2
/ˈsplɪn.tɚ/
a small thin sharp bit or wood or glass or metal
reproach
C2
/ɹɪˈpɹoʊt͡ʃ/
a mild rebuke or criticism
disseminate
C2
/dɪˈsemɪˌnæɪt/
To become widespread.
dissemination
C2
/dɪˌsɛmɪˈneɪʃən/
The act of disseminating, or the state of being disseminated; diffusion for propagation and permanence; a scattering or spreading abroad, as of ideas, beliefs, etc.
dissemble
C2
/dɪˈsɛmbəl/
To disguise or conceal something.
mangle
C2
/ˈmæŋ.ɡ(ə)l/
press with a mangle
bereft
C2
/bəˈɹɛft/
sorrowful through loss or deprivation
bereftly
C2
solipsism
C2
/ˈsɒlɪpsɪzəm/
Self-absorption, an unawareness of the views, needs or desires of others; self-centeredness; egoism.
soliloquize
C2
/səˈlɪləˌkwaɪz/
Of a character: to perform a soliloquy, to talk to oneself.
mutinous
C2
/ˈmjuːtɪnəs/
consisting of or characterized by or inciting to mutiny
mutinously
C2
In a mutinous manner.
prissy
C2
/ˈpɹɪsi/
Prim and fussy; too precise; overparticular.
reptilian
C2
/ɹɛpˈtɪljən/
Of or relating to the members of the class Reptilia (reptiles).
diminish
C2
/dɪˈmɪnɪʃ/
To make smaller.
undiminishing
C2
Not diminishing.
contagion
C2
/kənˈteɪd͡ʒən/
the communication of an attitude or emotional state among a number of people
homestead
C2
/ˈhoʊmˌstɛd/
A house together with surrounding land and buildings, especially on a farm; the property comprising these.
computerize
C2
/kəmˈpjuːtɝˌaɪz/
to store in a computer
incumbent
C2
/ɪnˈkʌmbənt/
currently holding an office
recumbent
C2
lying down
nonchalant
C2
/ˌnɑn.ʃəˈlɑnt/
Casually calm and relaxed.
nonchalantly
C2
/ˈnɑːnʃəˈlɑːntli/
In a nonchalant manner.
mesmeric
C2
/mɛzˈmɛɹɪk/
Of or relating to mesmerism or mesmerization.
stultify
C2
/ˈstʌltɪfaɪ/
prove to be of unsound mind or demonstrate someone's incompetence
stultifyingly
C2
In a stultifying manner.
wallow
C2
/ˈwɑːloʊ/
an indolent or clumsy rolling about
ponderous
C2
/ˈpɑn.dɚ.əs/
having great mass and weight and unwieldiness
ponderously
C2
in a heavy ponderous manner
lassitude
C2
/ˈlæsɪˌtud/
Lethargy or lack of energy; fatigue, languor, listlessness
vicinity
C2
/vəˈsɪnəti/
a surrounding or nearby region
ebb
C2
/ɛb/
fall away or decline
wane
C2
/ˈweɪn/
grow smaller
antediluvian
C2
/ˌæn.ti.dəˈlu.vi.ən/
so extremely old as seeming to belong to an earlier period
ostensible
C2
/ɑˈstɛns.ɪ.bəl/
Apparent, evident; meant for open display.
ostensibly
C2
/ɑˈstɛn.sə.bli/
Seemingly, apparently, on the surface; supposedly, according to representations or implications made by someone (especially when their motives are suspected by others).
interlocking
C2
/ˈɪntɝˌlɑːkɪŋ/
the act of interlocking or meshing
undemonstrative
C2
/ˌʌn dəˈmɒn stɹə tɪv/
Not given to showing emotion or feelings; reserved or distant.
undemonstratively
C2
In an undemonstrative manner.
menace
C2
/ˈmɛnɪs/
express a threat either by an utterance or a gesture
menacing
C2
/ˈmɛnɪsɪŋ/
Synonym of threatening in its various senses.
menacingly
C2
/ˈmɛnəsɪŋli/
in a menacing manner
calamity
C2
/kəˈlæmɪti/
an event resulting in great loss and misfortune
calamitous
C2
/kəˈlæmətəs/
Causing or involving calamity; disastrous.
calamitously
C2
In a calamitous manner.
nigh
C2
/naɪ/
Near, close by.
austere
C2
/ɔˈstiɹ/
Grim or severe in manner or appearance.
austerely
C2
/ɔˈstiɹli/
in an austere fashion
austerity
C2
/ɔˈstɛɹɪti/
Severity of manners or life; extreme rigor or strictness; harsh discipline.
idiosyncrasy
C2
/ˌɪdiəˈsɪŋkɹəsi/
A behavior or way of thinking that is characteristic of a person or a group.
idiosyncratic
C2
/ˌɪd.i.oʊ.sɪŋˈkɹæt.ɪk/
peculiar to the individual
idiomatic
C2
/ˌɪd.iː.əˈmæt.ɪk/
of or relating to or conforming to idiom
idiomatically
C2
in an idiomatic manner
kinetic
C2
/kɪˈnɛtɪk/
supplying motive force
kinetically
C2
In a kinetic manner.
unmediated
C2
Not mediated
mediate
C2
/ˈmidieɪt/
acting through or dependent on an intervening agency
mediation
C2
/ˌmidiˈeɪʃən/
the act of intervening for the purpose of bringing about a settlement
unharried
C2
Not harried; free of harassment
figuratively
C2
/fɪgˈjʊrətɪvli/
in a figurative sense
exorcism
C2
/ˈɛk.sɔɹˌsɪ.zəm/
The ritual act of driving out evil spirits from persons, places or things that are possessed by them.
exorcist
C2
/ˈɛk.sɔɹˌsɪst/
someone who practices exorcism
mundanity
C2
/mʌnˈdænɪti/
mundaneness; the characteristic of being mundane
mediocrity
C2
/mi.dɪˈɑk.ɹɪ.ti/
The condition of being mediocre; having only an average degree of quality, skills etc.; no better than standard.
dubiously
C2
/ˈdub.i.əs.li/
In a dubious manner.
curate
C2
/ˈkjʊɹɪt/
An assistant barman.
curator
C2
/kjʊəˈɹeɪtə(ɹ)/
A person who manages, administers or organizes a collection, either independently or employed by a museum, library, archive or zoo.
antithesis
C2
/ænˈtɪθ.ɪ.sɪs/
exact opposite
antithetical
C2
/ˌæntɪˈθɛtɪkəl/
sharply contrasted in character or purpose
parameter
C2
/pəˈɹæm.ə.tɚ/
A value kept constant during an experiment, equation, calculation, or similar, but varied over other versions of the experiment, equation, calculation, etc.
detract
C2
/dɪˈtrækt/
To take away; to withdraw or remove.
interrogate
C2
/ɪnˈtɛɹ.əˌɡeɪt/
To question or quiz, especially in a thorough or aggressive manner.
interrogation
C2
/ɪnˌteɹ.əˈɡeɪ.ʃən/
The act of interrogating or questioning; an examination by questions; an inquiry.
interrogative
C2
/ˌɪn.təˈɹɑ.ɡə.tɪv/
relating to verbs in the so-called interrogative mood
interrogatively
C2
with curiosity
perverse
C2
/pɚˈvɝs/
marked by a disposition to oppose and contradict
perversity
C2
/pə(ɹ)ˈvɜː(ɹ)sɪti/
deliberately deviating from what is good
opaque
C2
/oʊˈpeɪk/
Neither reflecting nor emitting light.
opacity
C2
/oʊˈpæsɪti/
The state or quality of being opaque, not allowing light to pass through.
remit
C2
/ɹiˈmɪt/
the topic that a person, committee, or piece of research is expected to deal with or has authority to deal with
remittance
C2
/ɹɪˈmɪtəns/
The act of sending money to someone.
recourse
C2
/ˈɹiːkɔɹs/
act of turning to for assistance
pedestal
C2
/ˈpɛdɪstəl/
a position of great esteem and supposed superiority
lurid
C2
/ˈlʊɹɪd/
shining with an unnatural red glow as of fire seen through smoke
luridly
C2
in a lurid manner
fallacy
C2
/ˈfɛl.ə.si/
Deceptive or false appearance; that which misleads the eye or the mind.
rife
C2
/ˈraɪf/
Widespread, common, prevalent, current (mainly of unpleasant or harmful things).
mercenary
C2
/ˈmɝ.sə.ˌnɛɹ.i/
One motivated by gain, especially monetary.
polysyllabic
C2
/ˌpɔ.lɪ.sɪˈlæ.bɪk/
Having more than one syllable; having multiple or many syllables.
syllabic
C2
/sɪˈlæb.ɪk/
(of speech sounds) forming the nucleus of a syllable
superfluous
C2
/suˈpɝflu.əs/
In excess of what is required or sufficient.
superfluously
C2
in a superfluous manner
snippet
C2
/ˈsnɪpɪt/
A small part of something, such as a song or fabric; sample.
practitioner
C2
/pɹækˈtɪʃənəɹ/
A person who practices a profession or art, especially law or medicine.
ephemeral
C2
/ɛˈfɛ.mə.ɹəl/
lasting a very short time
ephemera
C2
/ɪˈfɛməɹə/
plural of ephemeron
ephemerality
C2
The state or condition of being ephemeral; transience.
summarily
C2
/səˈmɛɹɪli/
In a summary manner.
infallibly
C2
/ɪnˈfæl.ɪ.bli/
In an infallible manner.
infallible
C2
/ɪnˈfæl.ɪ.bl̩/
incapable of failure or error
infallibility
C2
/ɪnˌfæləˈbɪləti/
The property of being infallible; the ability to never make a mistake.
depravity
C2
/dəˈpɹævɪti/
The state or condition of being depraved; moral debasement.
depraved
C2
/diːˈpreɪvd/
deviating from what is considered moral or right or proper or good
deprecate
C2
/ˈdɛp.rɪˌkeɪt/
belittle or make light of
deprecatingly
C2
In a deprecating manner.
revile
C2
/ɹəˈvaɪl/
To attack (someone) with abusive language.
revulsion
C2
/ɹɪˈvʌlʃən/
A strong pulling or drawing back; withdrawal.
meager
C2
/ˈmiɡɚ/
deficient in amount or quality or extent
arcane
C2
/ɑɹˈkeɪn/
requiring secret or mysterious knowledge
arcanely
C2
In an arcane way.
porten
C2
divination
C2
/ˌdɪvɪˈneɪʃən/
the art or gift of prophecy (or the pretense of prophecy) by supernatural means
flit
C2
/flɪt/
a secret move, to avoid paying debts
hitch
C2
/hɪt͡ʃ/
A fastener or connection point, as for a trailer.
prone
C2
/pɹoʊn/
lying on the stomach, face down
scavenger
C2
/ˈskævəndʒɝ/
Someone who scavenges, especially one who searches through rubbish for food or useful things.
vermin
C2
/ˈvɝmɪn/
Any of various common types of small insects or other animals which cause harm and annoyance.
totemic
C2
/təʊˈtɛmɪk/
relating to totemism
emulate
C2
/ˈɛm.jə.leɪt/
To copy or imitate, especially a person.
emulation
C2
/ˌɛm.juˈleɪ̯.ʃən/
The endeavor or desire to equal or excel someone else in qualities or actions.
avian
C2
/ˈeɪvi.ən/
pertaining to or characteristic of birds
vestigial
C2
/vɛˈstɪd͡ʒɪəl/
not fully developed in mature animals
vestigially
C2
In a vestigial manner.
brouhaha
C2
/ˈbruˌhɑˌhɑ/
A stir; a fuss or uproar.
magnate
C2
/ˈmæɡneɪt/
Powerful industrialist; captain of industry.
magnanimous
C2
/mægˈnænəməs/
Noble and generous in spirit.
magnanimously
C2
/mæɡˈnænɪməsli/
in a magnanimous manner, generously
magnanimity
C2
/ˌmæɡnəˈnɪmɪti/
The quality of being magnanimous; kindness of nature; generosity.
whirlwind
C2
/ˈ(h)wɝlwɪnd/
A windstorm of limited extent, such as a tornado, dust devil, or waterspout, characterized by an inward spiral motion of the air with an upward current in the center; a vortex of air.
secular
C2
/ˈsɛkjələɹ/
of or relating to clergy not bound by monastic vows
secularly
C2
In a secular fashion.
euphemism
C2
/ˈjuː.fəˌmɪz.əm/
The use of a word or phrase to replace another one that is more offensive, blunt or vulgar.
euphemistic
C2
/ˌjuːfəˈmɪstɪk/
substituting a mild term for a harsher or distasteful one
euphemistically
C2
/ˌjuːfəˈmɪstɪkli/
in a euphemistic manner
condensation
C2
/kənˌɖɛnˌse.ʃən/
The state of being condensed.
redundancy
C2
/ɹɪˈdʌndən(t)si/
the attribute of being superfluous and unneeded
redundantly
C2
In a redundant manner.
colloquial
C2
/kəˈloʊ.kwi.əl/
characteristic of informal spoken language or conversation
colloquium
C2
/kəˈləʊkwiəm/
A colloquy; a meeting for discussion.
colloquially
C2
/kəˈloʊ.kwi.əli/
with the use of colloquial expressions
allusion
C2
/əˈlu.ʒən/
An indirect reference; a hint; a reference to something supposed to be known, but not explicitly mentioned.
allude
C2
/əˈlud/
to make a more or less disguised reference to
disparage
C2
/dɪsˈpæɹɪd͡ʒ/
express a negative opinion of
disparaging
C2
/dɪˈspɛrɪdʒɪŋ/
Insulting, ridiculing.
disparagingly
C2
/dɪˈspɛrɪdʒɪŋli/
in a disparaging manner
disparagement
C2
The act of disparaging, of belittling.
huddle
C2
/ˈhʌdəl/
a disorganized and densely packed crowd
topography
C2
/təˈpɑɡɹəfi/
A figurative landscape; a structure of interrelated ideas, etc.
topographical
C2
concerned with topography
topographically
C2
with regard to topography
confabulate
C2
/kənˈfæbjʊleɪt/
to unconsciously replace fact with fantasy in one's memory
confabulation
C2
/kənˌfæbjəˈleɪʃən/
A casual conversation; a chat.
surrealist
C2
Of, or relating to the modernist art movement surrealism; (by extension) having a similar surreal aesthetic or narrative.
surrealism
C2
/sɝˈiːlɪzəm/
a 20th century movement of artists and writers (developing out of dadaism) who used fantastic images and incongruous juxtapositions in order to represent unconscious thoughts and dreams
contrive
C2
/kənˈtɹaɪv/
To invent by an exercise of ingeniosity; to devise
malice
C2
/ˈmælɪs/
Intention to harm or deprive in an illegal or immoral way. Desire to take pleasure in another's misfortune.
malicious
C2
/məˈlɪʃəs/
having the nature of or resulting from malice
maliciously
C2
/məˈlɪʃɪsli/
In a malicious manner, or for malicious reasons.
cinematography
C2
/ˌsɪnɪməˈtɑːgrəfi/
the act of making a film
cinematographer
C2
/ˌsɪnɪməˈtɑːgrəfɝ/
One who exhibits motion pictures; a projectionist.
maverick
C2
/ˈmævəɹɪk/
Unbranded.
diligently
C2
/ˈdɪləd͡ʒən(t)li/
In a diligent manner, with appropriate effort, carefully.
turret
C2
/ˈtɝ.ɪt/
A little tower, frequently a merely ornamental structure at one of the corners of a building or castle.
impressionistic
C2
/ˌɪmˌprɛʃəˈnɪstɪk/
of or relating to or based on an impression rather than on facts or reasoning
impressionistically
C2
In an impressionistic manner.
snobbery
C2
/ˈsnɑːbɝi/
Synonym of snobby.
parochial
C2
/pəˈɹoʊki.əl/
narrowly restricted in outlook or scope
gravitate
C2
/ˈɡɹævɪteɪt/
move due to the pull of gravitation
gravitational
C2
/ˌɡɹævɪˈteɪʃənəl/
Pertaining to, or caused by, gravity or gravitation.
gravitationally
C2
/ˌgrævəˈteɪʃnəli/
with respect to gravitation
consternation
C2
/ˌkɑn.stɚˈneɪ.ʃən/
Amazement or horror that confounds the faculties, and incapacitates for reflection; terror, combined with amazement; dismay.
haughty
C2
/ˈhɔti/
Conveying in demeanour the assumption of superiority; disdainful, supercilious.
haughtily
C2
/ˈhɔtɪli/
in a haughty manner
axiom
C2
/ˈæk.si.əm/
A seemingly self-evident or necessary truth which is based on assumption; a principle or proposition which cannot actually be proved or disproved.
axiomatic
C2
/ˌæk.si.əˈmæt.ɪk/
evident without proof or argument
attrition
C2
/əˈtɹɪʃən/
a wearing down to weaken or destroy
enduringly
C2
in an enduring manner
reissue
C2
/riːˈɪʃuː/
issue (a new version of)
sulphur
C2
/ˈsʌlfɝ/
treat with sulphur in order to preserve
sulphuric
C2
of or relating to or containing sulfur
moor
C2
/mʊə/
secure with cables or ropes
solitary
C2
/ˈsɑlɪˌtɛɹi/
confinement of a prisoner in isolation from other prisoners
solitariness
C2
/sɑːləˈtɛriːnɪs/
The state or quality of being solitary.
solitude
C2
/ˈsɑlɪˌtud/
Aloneness; the state of being alone, solitary, or by oneself.
adhere
C2
/ædˈhɪɹ/
to follow through or carry out a plan without deviation
adhesion
C2
/ædˈhiːʒən/
Persistent attachment or loyalty.
proscribe
C2
/pɹəˈskɹaɪb/
To forbid or prohibit.
proscription
C2
/pɹəˈskɹɪp.ʃən/
Decree of condemnation toward one or more persons, especially in the Roman antiquity.
crony
C2
/ˈkɹoʊni/
A close friend.
dribble
C2
/ˈdɹɪ.bɫ̩/
propel, 'Carry the ball'
ingrate
C2
/ˈɪnɡɹeɪt/
Ungrateful.
prise
C2
/pɹaɪz/
To force (open) with a lever; to pry.
rickety
C2
/ˈrɪkəti/
inclined to shake as from weakness or defect
consign
C2
/kənˈsaɪn/
to give over to another for care or safekeeping
consignment
C2
/kənˈsaɪnmənt/
A collection of goods to be sent, in transit or having been sent.
fete
C2
/feɪt/
A festival open to the public, the proceeds from which are often given to charity.
dole out
C2
opulent
C2
/ˈɒpjʊlənt/
Luxuriant, and ostentatiously magnificent.
opulence
C2
/ˈɒp.jʊl.əns/
Ostentatious display of wealth and luxury; plushness.
opulently
C2
in a sumptuous and opulent manner
plutocrat
C2
/ˈpluːtəˌkræt/
someone who exercises power by virtue of wealth
averse
C2
/əˈvɝːs/
Having a repugnance or opposition of mind.
edify
C2
/ˈɛdɪfaɪ/
To build, construct.
edification
C2
/ˌɛdɪfɪˈkeɪʃən/
The act of edifying, or the state of being edified or improved; a building process, especially morally, emotionally, or spiritually.
sterility
C2
/stɝˈɪlɪti/
the state of being unable to produce offspring
rhetoric
C2
/ɹɪˈtɒɹɪk/
loud and confused and empty talk
rhetorical
C2
/ɹɪˈtɔɹɪkəl/
given to rhetoric, emphasizing style at the expense of thought
rhetorically
C2
/rəˈtɔrɪkli/
in the manner of a rhetorical question that doesn't require an answer
flighty
C2
/ˈflaɪti/
guided by whim and fancy
flightiness
C2
the trait of acting unpredictably and more from whim or caprice than from reason or judgment
brimstone
C2
/ˈbɹɪmstoʊn/
The sulfur of hell; hell, damnation.
impeccable
C2
/ɪmˈpɛkəbəl/
Perfect, without faults, flaws or errors
impeccably
C2
/ˌɪmˈpɛkəbli/
flawlessly
romp
C2
/ɹɑmp/
win easily
romper
C2
/ˈɹɑmpɚ/
Someone who romps or frolics.
meticulous
C2
/mɪˈtɪkjɪlɪs/
marked by precise accordance with details
meticulously
C2
/məˈtɪkjələsli/
in a meticulous manner
ingratiate
C2
/ɪnˈɡɹeɪ.ʃi.eɪt/
To bring oneself into favour with someone by flattering or trying to please them; to insinuate oneself; to worm one's way in.
ingratiating
C2
/ˌɪŋˈgreɪʃiːˌeɪtɪŋ/
calculated to please or gain favor
ingratiatingly
C2
in a flattering and ingratiating manner
shimmer
C2
/ˈʃɪm.ɚ/
a weak and tremulous light
hull
C2
/hʌl/
remove the hulls from
cull
C2
/kʊl/
to remove something that has been rejected
swivel
C2
/ˈswɪvəl/
A piece, such as a ring or hook, attached to another piece by a pin, in such a manner as to permit rotation about the pin as an axis.
quiver
C2
/ˈkwɪvɚ/
A container for arrows, crossbow bolts or darts, such as those fired from a bow, crossbow or blowgun.
sandwiched
C2
/ˈsænˌdwɪtʃt/
simple past and past participle of sandwich
mottled
C2
/ˈmɑt əld/
Colored in patches; spotted.
epoxy
C2
/ɪˈpɑk.si/
glue with epoxy
angular
C2
/ˈæŋ.ɡjə.lɚ/
measured by an angle or by the rate of change of an angle
angularity
C2
A stiff, cranky, crotchety manner or behaviour.
dampen
C2
/ˈdæmpən/
To lessen; to dull; to make less intense (said of emotions and non-physical things).
buccaneer
C2
/ˌbʌkəˈnɪɚ/
to live like a buccaneer
conglomerate
C2
/kənˈɡlɑm.ɚ.ɪt/
composed of heterogeneous elements gathered into a mass
cay
C2
/kiː/
Obsolete spelling of quay (“structure for loading vessels”).
singe
C2
/sɪnd͡ʒ/
burn superficially or lightly
cordon
C2
/ˈkɔː(ɹ)dən/
Synonym of cordon off.
fabled
C2
/ˈfeɪbəld/
celebrated in fable or legend
infernal
C2
/ɪnˈfɝnəl/
being of the underworld
infernally
C2
extremely
presentational
C2
of or relating to a presentation (especially in psychology or philosophy)
embed
C2
/ɪmˈbɛd/
attach to, as a journalist to a military unit when reporting on a war
plume
C2
/ˈplum/
anything that resembles a feather in shape or lightness
happenstance
C2
/ˈhæpənˌstæns/
The chance or random quality of an event or circumstance.
reconcile
C2
/ˈɹɛkənˌsaɪl/
To restore a friendly relationship; to bring back or return to harmony.
reconciliation
C2
/ˌɹɛkənˌsɪliˈeɪʃ(ə)n/
getting two things to correspond
conciliatory
C2
/kənˈsɪl.i.əˌtɔɹ.i/
Willing to conciliate, or to make concessions.
conciliation
C2
/kənˌsɪliːˈeɪʃən/
the state of manifesting goodwill and cooperation after being reconciled
preconception
C2
/ˌpɹikənˈsɛpʃən/
an opinion formed beforehand without adequate evidence
baroque
C2
/bəˈɹoʊk/
having elaborate symmetrical ornamentation
virginal
C2
/ˈvɜː(ɹ)d͡ʒɪnəl/
untouched or undefiled
spire
C2
/ˈspaɪ.ɚ/
A young shoot of a plant; a spear.
elephantine
C2
/ɛl.əˈfæn.tin/
Of, relating to, resembling, or characteristic of elephants.
condone
C2
/kənˈdoʊn/
To forgive, excuse or overlook (something that is considered morally wrong, offensive, or generally disliked).
commodity
C2
/kəˈmɑdəti/
Anything movable (a good) that is bought and sold.
commode
C2
/kəˈməʊd/
A chair containing a chamber pot.
unobtrusive
C2
/ˌʌnəbˈtɹusɪv/
not obtrusive or undesirably noticeable
unobtrusively
C2
/ˌʌn.əbˈtɹuː.sɪv.li/
in an unobtrusive manner
unobtrusiveness
C2
the quality of not sticking out in an unwelcome way
compellingly
C2
/kəmˈpɛlɪŋli/
In a compelling manner.
hauntingly
C2
/ˈhɔntɪŋli/
In a haunting manner.
brim
C2
/ˈbrɪm/
to fill as much as possible
authenticity
C2
/ɑθɛnˈtɪsɪti/
The quality of being genuine or not corrupted from the original, of having the same origin (or attribution, commitment, intention, etc.) as claimed.
scholarly
C2
/ˈskɑːlɝli/
characteristic of scholars or scholarship
cognitive
C2
/ˈkɑɡ.nɪ.tɪv/
of or being or relating to or involving cognition
artifact
C2
/ˈɑɹtɪfækt/
An object made or shaped by human hand or labor.
preservationist
C2
/ˌprɛzɝˈveɪʃənɪst/
A person who advocates for the preservation of natural or man-made landmarks.
qualm
C2
/kwɑ(l)m/
uneasiness about the fitness of an action
besiege
C2
/bəˈsiːd͡ʒ/
to harass, as with questions or requests
cloister
C2
/ˈklɔɪstɚ/
residence that is a place of religious seclusion, such as a monastery, featuring a courtyard with covered walks
cloistered
C2
/ˈklɔɪstɝd/
providing privacy or seclusion
annex
C2
/əˈnɛks/
an addition that extends a main building
resuscitate
C2
/ɹɪˈsʌsɪˌteɪt/
To restore consciousness, vigor, or life to.
resuscitation
C2
/rɪˌsəsɪˈteɪʃən/
the act of reviving a person and returning them to consciousness
ravish
C2
/ˈɹæ.vɪʃ/
To seize and carry away by violence; to snatch by force.
fabricate
C2
/ˈfæb.ɹɪ.keɪt/
put together out of artificial or natural components or parts
fabrication
C2
/fæbɹɪˈkeɪʃən/
the act of making something (a product) from raw materials
patchy
C2
/ˈpæt͡ʃi/
irregular or uneven in quality, texture, etc.
patchily
C2
In a patchy manner.
resounding
C2
/riːˈsaʊndɪŋ/
That causes reverberation.
resoundingly
C2
/rɪˈzaʊndɪŋli/
in a resounding manner
resound
C2
/ɹəˈzaʊnd/
ring or echo with sound
ordain
C2
/ɔɹˈdeɪn/
appoint to a clerical posts
inchoate
C2
/ɪnˈkoʊət/
Recently started but not fully formed yet; just begun; only elementary or immature.
inchoately
C2
In an inchoate way.
elated
C2
/ɪˈleɪtɪd/
Extremely happy and excited; delighted; pleased, euphoric.
elation
C2
/ɪˈleɪʃən/
A feeling of joy and pride.
hysteria
C2
/hɪˈstɛɹiə/
Behavior exhibiting excessive or uncontrollable emotions, in a wide range from joy to panic but usually including anxiety or fear.
hysterical
C2
/hɪˈstɛɹɪkəl/
marked by excessive or uncontrollable emotion
hysterically
C2
/ˌhɪˈstɛrɪkli/
in a hysterical manner
jarring
C2
/[d͡ʒɑːrɪŋ]/
making or causing a harsh and irritating sound
suffuse
C2
/səˈfjuːz/
cause to spread or flush or flood through, over, or across
totter
C2
/ˈtɑtɚ/
move without being stable, as if threatening to fall
pyre
C2
/ˈpaɪɚ/
A funeral pile; a combustible heap on which corpses are burned.
contemptuous
C2
/kənˈtɛmp.t͡ʃu.əs/
Showing contempt; expressing disdain; showing a lack of respect.
contemptuously
C2
/kənˈtɛmp.t͡ʃu.əs.li/
In a disrespectful or discourteous manner; condescendingly.
forlorn
C2
/fɚˈlɔɹn/
marked by or showing hopelessness
forlornly
C2
in a forlorn manner
rebuke
C2
/ɹiˈbjuːk/
an act or expression of criticism and censure
abhorrent
C2
/æbˈhɔɹ.ənt/
offensive to the mind
abhor
C2
/æbˈhɔɹ/
to find repugnant
abhorrently
C2
/æbˈhɔɹ.ənt.li/
In a manner, or to a degree, that is abhorrent; with abhorrence.
aberration
C2
/ˌæb.əˈɹeɪ.ʃn̩/
The act of wandering; deviation from truth, moral rectitude; abnormal; divergence from the straight, correct, proper, normal, or from the natural state.
emulsify
C2
/ɪˈmʊlsɪfaɪ/
cause to become an emulsion
emulsification
C2
The process by which an emulsion is formed.
emulsifier
C2
/ɪˈmʌlsəˌfaɪɝ/
A substance that helps an emulsion form, or helps keep an emulsion from separating.
additive
C2
/ˈæd.ɪ.tɪv/
characterized or produced by addition
confection
C2
/kənˈfɛkʃən/
A food item prepared very sweet, frequently decorated in fine detail, and often preserved with sugar, such as a candy, sweetmeat, fruit preserve, pastry, or cake.
proximal
C2
/ˈprɑːksəməl/
situated nearest to point of attachment or origin
vandalize
C2
/ˈvændəlaɪz/
destroy wantonly, as through acts of vandalism
vandal
C2
/ˈvændəl/
someone who willfully destroys or defaces property
feign
C2
/feɪn/
to make believe with the intent to deceive
paradoxical
C2
/ˌpɛɹəˈdɑːksɪkəl/
seemingly contradictory but nonetheless possibly true
paradoxically
C2
/ˌpɛɹəˈdɑksɪkli/
in a paradoxical manner
laryngitis
C2
/lɛɹɪnˈd͡ʒaɪtɪs/
An inflammation of the larynx, typically resulting in hoarseness.
stringent
C2
/ˈstɹɪn.d͡ʒənt/
Strict; binding strongly; making strict requirements; restrictive; rigid; severe.
astringent
C2
/əˈstɹɪn.d͡ʒənt/
tending to draw together or constrict soft organic tissue
stringently
C2
/ˈstrɪndʒəntli/
in a stringent manner
standing
C2
/ˈstændɪŋ/
of fluids, not moving or flowing
economize
C2
/iˈkɑnəmaɪz/
use cautiously and frugally
breadwinner
C2
/ˈbɹɛdˌwɪnɚ/
The primary income-earner in a household.
cosset
C2
/ˈkɑsɪt/
To treat like a pet; to overly indulge.
counsel
C2
/ˈkaʊn.səl/
to give advice to
misdemeanor
C2
/ˌmɪsdəˈmiːnɝ/
Any act of misbehavior.
aptitude
C2
/ˈæptɪˌtjuːd/
Natural ability to acquire knowledge or skill.
torrential
C2
/tɔˈɹɛn.t͡ʃəl/
pouring in abundance
banish
C2
/ˈbænɪʃ/
to drive away
banishment
C2
/ˈbænɪʃmənt/
the state of being banished, ostracized,or otherwise excluded from society by general consent
knack
C2
/næk/
a special way of doing something
fruition
C2
/fɹuˈɪʃən/
The fulfillment of something worked for.
tantalize
C2
/ˈtæntəlaɪz/
To tease (someone) by offering or showing them something desirable but leaving them unsatisfied.
tantalizingly
C2
/ˈtæntəˌlaɪzɪŋli/
in a tantalizing manner
maelstrom
C2
/ˈmeɪlˌstɹɔm/
A large and violent whirlpool.
vortex
C2
/ˈvɔɹtɛks/
a powerful circular current of water, usually the result of conflicting tides
depressive
C2
/dɪˈprɛsɪv/
someone suffering psychological depression
shoal
C2
/ʃəʊl/
Shallow.
scroll
C2
/skɹoʊl/
Spirals or sprays in the shape of an actual plant.
collide
C2
/kəˈlaɪd/
to crash together with violent impact
collider
C2
/kəˈlaɪdɚ/
A model of the shape of an object for purposes of collision detection.
edifice
C2
/ˈɛdəfəs/
An abstract structure, such as a school of thought, an argument, a theoretical position, etc.
thicket
C2
/ˈθɪkɪt/
something so dense as to be impenetrable
leaven
C2
/ˈlev.ən/
an influence that works subtly to lighten or modify something
leavening
C2
/ˈlɛvənɪŋ/
an influence that works subtly to lighten or modify something
ethos
C2
/ˈiθɑs/
(anthropology) the distinctive spirit of a culture or an era
interweave
C2
/ˌɪntəɹˈwiv/
interlace by or as if by weaving
burgeoning
C2
/ˈbɝ.d͡ʒə.nɪŋ/
That buds, grows or expands; developing.
indiscrete
C2
/ɪndɪsˈkɹiːt/
not divided or divisible into parts
indiscretion
C2
/ˌɪndɪsˈkɹɛʃən/
The quality or state of being indiscreet; lack of discretion
telescopic
C2
/ˌtɛləˈskɔpɪk/
having parts that slide one within another
telescopically
C2
in a telescopic manner
amorphous
C2
/əˈmɔ(ɹ)fəs/
without real or apparent crystalline form
amorphously
C2
In an amorphous manner.
hamper
C2
/ˈhæm.pɚ/
prevent the progress or free movement of
deterrent
C2
/dɪˈtɝənt/
tending to deter
selectivity
C2
/sɪˌlɛkˈtɪvəti/
The quality of being selective, or extent to which something is selective.
fractious
C2
/ˈfɹæk.ʃəs/
easily irritated or annoyed
mystique
C2
/mɪˈstiːk/
An aura of heightened interest, meaning or mystery surrounding a person or thing.
assimilate
C2
/əˌsɪmˌleʈ/
to become similar to one's environment
assimilation
C2
/əˌsɪməˈleɪʃən/
The act of assimilating or the state of being assimilated.
intersperse
C2
/ˌɪntɚˈspɝs/
place at intervals in or among
verbatim
C2
/vɝˈbeɪ.tɪm/
using exactly the same words
verily
C2
/ˈvɛɹ.əl.i/
in truth, or truthfully
veritable
C2
/ˈvɛ.ɹɪ.tə.bl/
used as an intensifier
verisimilitude
C2
/ˌvɛrəsəˈmɪləˌtuːd/
the appearance of truth or resemblance to reality
artifice
C2
/ˈɑː(ɹ)tɪfɪs/
A crafty but underhanded deception.
unfeasible
C2
/ʌnˈfi.zə.bəl/
not capable of being carried out or put into practice
unfeasibly
C2
In an unfeasible manner; not feasibly; to a degree that is impossible or impractical.
behest
C2
/bɪˈhɛst/
A command, bidding; sometimes also, an authoritative request; now usually in the phrase at the behest of and at one's behest.
virtuoso
C2
/ˌvɝ.t͡ʃuˈoʊ.soʊ/
having or revealing supreme mastery or skill
virtuosity
C2
/ˌvɜː(ɹ)tjuˈɒsɪti/
a technical skill, fluency, or style exhibited by a virtuoso
crippling
C2
/ˈkrɪpəlɪŋ/
that cripples or disables or incapacitates
nascent
C2
/ˈnæɪ.sənt/
being born or beginning
smattering
C2
/ˈsmætɚɪŋ/
A shallow or superficial knowledge of a subject.
corpus
C2
/ˈkɔɹpəs/
a collection of writings
wheeze
C2
/ʍiːz/
(Briticism) a clever or amusing scheme or trick
neophyte
C2
/ˈniː.əˌfaɪt/
A beginner; a person who is new to a subject, skill, or belief.
coax
C2
/koʊks/
To wheedle or persuade (a person, organisation, animal etc.) gradually or by use of flattery to do something.
formidably
C2
/ˈfɔrmədəbli/
in a formidable manner
squint
C2
/skwɪnt/
cross one's eyes as if in strabismus
hoist
C2
/hɔɪst/
raise or haul up with or as if with mechanical help
flatout
C2
buzzard
C2
/ˈbʌzəɹd/
In North America, a curmudgeonly or cantankerous man; an old person; a mean, greedy person.
bogus
C2
/ˈboʊ.ɡəs/
Counterfeit or fake; not genuine.
derision
C2
/dɝˈɪʒən/
Act of treating with disdain.
derisive
C2
/dɪˈraɪsɪv/
Expressing or characterized by derision; mocking; ridiculing.
derisively
C2
/dɝˈɪsɪvli/
in a disrespectful and mocking manner
truism
C2
/tɹuːizəm/
A self-evident or obvious truth.
prurient
C2
/ˈpɹʊɹ.i.ənt/
Uneasy with desire; itching; especially, having a lascivious anxiety or propensity; lustful.
prurience
C2
/ˈpɹʊəɹiəns/
The quality of being prurient.
tetchy
C2
/ˈtɛt͡ʃi/
Synonym of touchy: easily annoyed or irritated, peevish, testy, irascible; also (figurative) extremely sensitive, difficult to manage, use, or work.
agile
C2
/ˈæd͡ʒ.ɑel/
moving quickly and lightly
agility
C2
/əˈd͡ʒɪl.ə.ti/
The quality of being agile; the power of moving the limbs quickly and easily; quickness of motion
aghast
C2
/əˈɡæst/
Terrified; struck with amazement; showing signs of terror or horror.
dwarfism
C2
/ˈdwɔɹfɪzəm/
The condition of being a dwarf (person of short stature).
etch
C2
/ɛt͡ʃ/
make an etching of
etching
C2
/ˈɛt͡ʃ.ɪŋ/
The image created by this process.
rapture
C2
/ˈɹæpt͡ʃɚ/
a state of being carried away by overwhelming emotion
rapturous
C2
/ˈɹæp.t͡ʃəɹ.əs/
Full of rapture.
rapturously
C2
in an ecstatic manner
ad lib
C2
ad-lib
C2
/ˈædˈlɪb/
with little or no preparation or forethought
improvisational
C2
/ɪmˌpɹɑvəˈzeɪʃənəl/
Having the nature of an improvisation.
acrobatics
C2
/ˌækrəˈbætɪks/
A spectacular display of agility.
acrobatically
C2
In an acrobatic manner.
acrobatic
C2
/ˌækɹəˈbætɪk/
vigorously active
arduous
C2
/ˈɑɹ.d͡ʒu.əs/
Needing or using up much energy; testing powers of endurance.
ardor
C2
/ˈɑːɹdɚ/
feelings of great warmth and intensity
arduously
C2
in an arduous manner
counterproductive
C2
/ˌkaʊntəpɹəˈdʌktɪv/
More of a hindrance than a help.
counterproductively
C2
In a counterproductive way.
proverbial
C2
/prəˈvɝːbiːəl/
widely known and spoken of
instantaneous
C2
/ɪnstənˈteɪni.əs/
occurring with no delay
instantaneously
C2
/ˌɪnstənˈtæniːəsli/
Without any delay; in an instantaneous manner.
mull over
C2
ruminate
C2
/ˈɹumɪneɪt/
chew the cuds
rumination
C2
/ˌɹuːmɪˈneɪʃən/
especially in regard to ruminants, chewing the cud
ruminant
C2
/ˈɹuːmɪnənt/
related to or characteristic of animals of the suborder Ruminantia or any other animal that chews a cud
ruminative
C2
/ˈruməˌneɪdɪv/
Causing rumination or prone to it; thoughtful.
armory
C2
/ˈɑːrmɝi/
a collection of resources
apostle
C2
/əˈpɑsl̩/
an ardent early supporter of a cause or reform
blubber
C2
/ˈblʌbəɹ/
to cry or whine with snuffling
blubbery
C2
/ˈblʌbəɹi/
Having the characteristics of blubber.
trifle
C2
/ˈtɹaɪfəl/
An English dessert made from a mixture of thick custard, fruit, sponge cake, jelly and whipped cream.
eke out
C2
paramount
C2
/ˈpæɹəˌmaʊnt/
Highest, supreme; also, chief, leading, pre-eminent.
squirm
C2
/skwɝm/
To twist one's body with snakelike motions.
squirmy
C2
/ˈskwɝmi/
That squirms, writhes or wriggles.
floe
C2
/floʊ/
a flat mass of ice, smaller than an ice field, floating at sea
embody
C2
/ɪmˈbɑdi/
To represent in a physical or concrete form; to incarnate or personify.
embodiment
C2
/ɛmˈbɑːdiːmənt/
a concrete representation of an otherwise nebulous concept
wistful
C2
/ˈwɪstfəl/
showing pensive sadness
wistfully
C2
/ˈwɪstfəli/
in a wistful manner
mercantile
C2
/ˈmɝ.kənˌtaɪl/
relating to or characteristic of trade or traders
skew
C2
/skju/
having an oblique or slanting direction or position
subsist
C2
/səbˈsɪst/
To survive on a minimum of resources.
subsistence
C2
/səbˈsɪstəns/
minimal (or marginal) resources for subsisting
subsidy
C2
/ˈsɐbsɪdi/
a grant paid by a government to an enterprise that benefits the public
subsidize
C2
/ˈsʌbsɪˌdaɪz/
support through subsidies
legion
C2
/ˈli.d͡ʒən/
Numerous; vast; very great in number.
confrontational
C2
/ˌkɒnfɹənˈteɪʃənˈəl/
Pertaining to a confrontation; characterized by, or given to initiating hostile encounter; in-your-face.
confrontationally
C2
In a confrontational way.
bout
C2
/ˈbaʊt/
a period of illness
gout
C2
/ɡaʊt/
An extremely painful inflammation of joints, especially of the big toe, caused by a metabolic defect resulting in the accumulation of uric acid in the blood and the deposition of urates around the joints.
hinder
C2
/ˈhɪndɚ/
put at a disadvantage
hindrance
C2
/ˈhɪndɹəns/
Something which hinders: something that holds back or causes problems with something else.
myriad
C2
/ˈmɪriːəd/
a large indefinite number
histrionic
C2
/ˌhɪs.triˈɑ.nɪk/
Of or relating to actors or acting.
histrionically
C2
In a histrionic manner.
marketability
C2
/ˌmɑːrkɪtəˈbɪlɪti/
The likelihood that something will sell; market appeal.
tacit
C2
/ˈtæsɪt/
Implied, but not made explicit, especially through silence.
tacitly
C2
/ˈtæsɪtli/
In a tacit manner; done in silence or implied.
taciturn
C2
/ˈtæsɪtɝn/
Silent; temperamentally untalkative; disinclined to speak.
taciturnity
C2
The trait of being taciturn.
surreptitious
C2
/səˌɹɛpˈtɪʃəs/
Stealthy, furtive, well hidden, covert (especially movements).
surreptitiously
C2
/ˌsɝːəpˈtɪʃəsli/
in a surreptitious manner
allegory
C2
/ˈæləˌɡɔɹi/
a story which can be interpreted to reveal a hidden meaning, usually a moral or political one.
allegorical
C2
/ˌæl.ɪˈɡɔɹ.ɪ.kəl/
used in or characteristic of or containing allegory
seedy
C2
/ˈsiːdi/
morally degraded
punitive
C2
/ˈpju.nɪ.tɪv/
inflicting punishment
punitively
C2
In a punitive manner.
milieu
C2
/mɪlˈju/
An environment or setting; a medium; environs
self-aggrandizement
C2
/ˈsɛlˈfægrənˌdaɪzmənt/
Behaviour which increases one's own wealth or power, or which is intended to create an appearance of importance.
unadulterated
C2
/ˌənəˈdʌltɝˌeɪtɪd/
not mixed with impurities
adulterate
C2
/əˈdʌltəɹət/
to corrupt, debase, or make impure by adding a foreign or inferior substance
patronize
C2
/ˈpeɪtɹənaɪz/
To act as a patron of; to defend, protect, or support.
patronizing
C2
/ˈpeɪtrəˌnaɪzɪŋ/
characteristic of those who treat others with condescension, like a behaviour or characteristic
patronizingly
C2
In a patronizing manner.
cogent
C2
/ˈkoʊd͡ʒn̩t/
powerfully persuasive
cogently
C2
/ˈkəʊ.dʒn̩t.li/
In a cogent manner.
incongruous
C2
/ɪnˈkɑn.ɡɹu.əs/
lacking in harmony or compatibility or appropriateness
incongruously
C2
/ˌɪŋˈkɔŋruːəsli/
in an incongruous manner
incongruity
C2
/ɪnkɑŋˈɡɹuɪti/
The state of being incongruous, or lacking congruence.
deaden
C2
/ˈdɛdən/
lessen the momentum or velocity of
attuned
C2
/əˈtuːnd/
Brought into harmony; harmonized.
attributive
C2
/əˈtɹɪ.bju.tɪv/
Modifying another word, typically a noun, while in the same phrase.
ecotourism
C2
/ˌɛkoʊˈtʊɹɪzəm/
Responsible (sustainable) travel to natural areas supporting the fauna, flora, and local economy.
farcical
C2
/ˈfɑː(ɹ)sɪkəl/
Resembling a farce; ludicrous; absurd.
incise
C2
/ɪnˈsaɪz/
To cut in or into with a sharp instrument; to carve; to engrave.
incipient
C2
/ˌɪnˈsɪpiːənt/
In an initial stage; beginning, starting, coming into existence.
echolocation
C2
/ˌɛkoʊloʊˈkeɪʃən/
The use of echoes to detect objects as observed in bats and other natural creatures.
echolocate
C2
To locate by means of echolocation.
reverb
C2
/ˈɹiːˌvɜː(ɹ)b/
An electronic effect which simulates echoes or reverberations in the sound signal being processed.
reverberation
C2
/ɹiˈvɜː(ɹ)bəɹeɪʃən/
A violent oscillation or vibration.
reverberate
C2
/ɹəˈvɜɹbəˌɹeɪt/
treat, process, heat, melt, or refine in a reverberatory furnace
ingenuous
C2
/ɪnˈd͡ʒɛn.ju.əs/
Demonstrating childlike simplicity.
ingenuously
C2
/ɪnˈdʒɛnjuːəsli/
In an ingenuous manner; frankly, straightforwardly.
impresario
C2
/ˌɪmpɹɪˈsɑːɹɪəʊ/
a sponsor who books and stages public entertainments
elasticity
C2
/ɪ.læsˈtɪs.ɪ.ti/
The sensitivity of changes in a quantity with respect to changes in another quantity.
synthesis
C2
/ˈsənθəsəs/
The formation of something complex or coherent by combining simpler things.
salivary
C2
/ˈsælɪˌvɛɹi/
of or relating to saliva
hypnotherapy
C2
/ˌhɪpnoʊˈθɛɹəpi/
Treatment of disease by means of hypnotism.
wholly
C2
/ˈhoʊ.li/
to a complete degree or to the full or entire extent
remorseful
C2
/ɹɪˈmɔː(ɹ)sfʊl/
Feeling or filled with remorse.
remonstrate
C2
/ˈɹɛ.mən.stɹeɪt/
To object with in critical fashion; to express disapproval (with, against).
remonstrance
C2
/ɹɪˈmɒnstɹəns/
A remonstration; disapproval; a formal, usually written, objection or protest.
unexcused
C2
not excused
unexceptionally
C2
In an unexceptional manner.
unexceptional
C2
/ˌʌnɪkˈsɛpʃənəl/
Not exceptional.
inexorable
C2
/ɪnˈɛksɚəb(ə)l/
Impossible to prevent or stop; inevitable.
inexorably
C2
/ɪnˈɛk.sə.ɹə.bli/
in an inexorable manner
inexorability
C2
The quality or state of being inexorable.
tranquilize
C2
/ˈtɹeɪ̯ŋkwɪlaɪ̯z/
to cause to be calm or quiet as by administering a sedative to