English Vocabulary
Pick a CEFR level (A1–C2) — A1 is the friendliest place to start — and browse its words grouped by topic: travel, food, the body, emotions, and more. Each word shows its meaning, example sentences, and US/UK pronunciation.
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8956 words
Grammar & Function Words (69)
whereupon
C2+
/ˌ(h)wɛrəˈpɑn/
immediately after which or as a consequence of which
qua
C2+
/kwɑː/
formal: in the capacity or character of; considered specifically as
leastwise
C2+
/ˈliːstˌwaɪz/
at least; in any case or if nothing else; informal or dialectal
nobbut
C2+
/ˈnɒbət/
Northern English dialect: only; merely; nothing but
whichway
C2+
/ˈwɪtʃˌweɪ/
dialectal: where or in which direction
aught
C2+
/ɔt/
anything at all; the slightest thing
condemnation
C2+
/ˌkɑndɛmˈneɪʃən/
the expression of strong disapproval or a formal sentence
atomy
C2+
/ˈætəmi/
a tiny particle or diminutive being; an atom or mote
apropos
C2+
/ˌæprəˈpoʊ/
relevant to the matter; with reference to
mid
C2+
/mɪd/
in the middle part of; central
ex
C2+
/ɛks/
(informal) a former spouse or partner
sith
C2+
/sɪθ/
archaic word for since or seeing that
amidst
C2+
/əˈmɪdst/
in the middle of; surrounded by
fromward
C2+
/ˈfrʌmwɚd/
away from; directed away (archaic)
howso
C2+
/ˈhaʊsoʊ/
in whatever way; however (archaic)
parole
C2+
/pəˈroʊl/
early conditional release of a prisoner before a sentence ends
sithe
C2+
/saɪð/
an archaic form of 'since'; also a dialectal variant of scythe
speck
C2+
/spɛk/
a tiny spot or particle
afore
C2+
/əˈfɔr/
before, in place or time (archaic or dialectal)
attainder
C2+
/əˈteɪndɚ/
the legal forfeiture of rights and property following a sentence of death or outlawry
barring
C2+
/ˈbɑrɪŋ/
except for; apart from the possibility of
betwixt
C2+
/bɪˈtwɪkst/
between (archaic or literary)
circa
C2+
/ˈsɚkə/
approximately; used with dates to indicate an estimate
doomsman
C2+
/ˈdumzmən/
archaic term for a judge or one who pronounces sentence
Numbers & Quantity (217)
one-billionth
C2+
/ˌwʌn ˈbɪl.jənθ/
one of a billion equal parts; the quantity 0.000000001 or 10 to the power of negative nine
barrowful
C2+
/ˈbæroʊfʊl/
the amount that a barrow, especially a wheelbarrow, can hold
beggarly
C2+
/ˈbɛɡɚli/
meanly poor or contemptibly small in amount
slender
C2+
/ˈslɛndɚ/
gracefully thin; slight or scanty in amount
aggregate
C2+
/ˈæɡrɪɡət/
a whole formed by combining elements; total; (verb) to gather into a mass
quantifier
C2+
/ˈkwɑntɪˌfaɪɚ/
a word or symbol expressing quantity, such as 'all' or 'some'
tally
C2+
/ˈtæli/
a running count or record, or to correspond
twofold
C2+
/ˈtuˌfoʊld/
having two parts, or twice as great
equivocal
C2+
/ɪˈkwɪvəkəl/
open to more than one interpretation; ambiguous
consecutively
C2+
/kənˈsɛkjətɪvli/
one after another in unbroken succession
disown
C2+
/dɪsˈoʊn/
to refuse to acknowledge or claim as one's own
modicum
C2+
/ˈmɑdɪkəm/
a small or moderate amount of something
titter
C2+
/ˈtɪtɚ/
to give a short, half-suppressed laugh
amass
C2+
/əˈmæs/
to gather or accumulate in great quantity
bucketful
C2+
/ˈbʌkɪtˌfʊl/
the amount a bucket holds; a large quantity
enumerate
C2+
/ɪˈnumərˌeɪt/
to name or list things one by one
fabricator
C2+
/ˈfæbrɪˌkeɪtər/
one who constructs or manufactures; one who invents falsehoods
haul
C2+
/hɔl/
to pull or drag with effort, or a quantity acquired or transported
jot
C2+
/dʒɑt/
to write briefly; also, a very small amount
nativity
C2+
/nəˈtɪvəti/
the occasion or circumstances of one's birth
outlay
C2+
/ˈaʊtˌleɪ/
an amount of money spent on something
outstrip
C2+
/ˌaʊtˈstrɪp/
to move faster than or surpass in performance or quantity
toleration
C2+
/ˌtɑləˈreɪʃən/
the allowance or acceptance of beliefs or behavior one dislikes
affecter
C2+
/əˈfɛktər/
one who puts on a pretense or affects a manner
Space, Position & Direction (497)
knee-deep
C2+
/ˌniːˈdiːp/
reaching as high as the knees, or submerged up to the knees
thither
C2+
/ˈðɪðɚ/
to or toward that place
akimbo
C2+
/əˈkɪm.boʊ/
with the hands on the hips and the elbows turned outward
spread-eagle
C2+
/ˈsprɛdˌiːɡəl/
a representation of an eagle with its wings and legs extended
stock-still
C2+
/ˌstɑːkˈstɪl/
completely motionless
underlie
C2+
/ˌʌn.dɚˈlaɪ/
to lie beneath something
upperworld
C2+
/ˈʌpɚˌwɝld/
the surface world, contrasted with an underground, submarine, or underworld realm
afront
C2+
/əˈfrʌnt/
archaic or dialectal: in front or face to face
serry
C2+
/ˈsɛri/
archaic or literary: to crowd or press people or things closely together, especially in ranks or rows
neckdeep
C2+
/ˌnɛkˈdiːp/
reaching, submerged, or covered up to the neck
embay
C2+
/ɛmˈbeɪ/
to enclose, shelter, or surround as if within a bay
anigh
C2+
/əˈnai/
archaic or dialectal: near or close by
accord
C2+
/əˈkɔɹd/
an agreement or harmony between parties; to grant or be consistent
depress
C2+
/dɪˈprɛs/
to make sad and dispirited, or to press down
ignorable
C2+
/ɪɡˈnɔɹəbəl/
able to be disregarded or left unnoticed
agitate
C2+
/ˈædʒəˌteɪt/
to stir up or disturb; to campaign vigorously
crest
C2+
/krɛst/
the top of a hill or wave; a heraldic emblem; to reach the top
infinite
C2+
/ˈɪnfɪnɪt/
limitless or endless in space, extent, or magnitude
composite
C2+
/kəmˈpɑzɪt/
made up of distinct parts; a thing formed from several elements
dwell
C2+
/dwɛl/
to live in a place; to linger on a thought or topic
compass
C2+
/ˈkʌmpəs/
an instrument showing direction; range or scope; (verb) to encompass or achieve
decompose
C2+
/ˌdikəmˈpoʊz/
to decay, or to break down into component parts
fateful
C2+
/ˈfeɪtfəl/
having far-reaching, often disastrous consequences
fell
C2+
/fɛl/
fierce, cruel, or deadly; (also) to cut down
Time (218)
vesperal
C2+
/ˈvɛspərəl/
of, occurring in, or suggestive of the evening
breakfast-time
C2+
/ˈbrɛkfəstˌtaɪm/
the customary or appointed time for eating breakfast
antediluvial
C2+
/ˌæntɪdɪˈluviəl/
belonging to the period before the biblical flood; extremely ancient
anachronistic
C2+
/əˌnækrəˈnɪstɪk/
belonging to a period other than the one portrayed; out of its time
archaic
C2+
/ɑrˈkeɪɪk/
belonging to an earlier period; old-fashioned or no longer in use
eld
C2+
/ɛld/
old age or antiquity; former times (archaic)
henceforth
C2+
/ˌhɛnsˈfɔrθ/
from this time on; from now onward
singly
C2+
/ˈsɪŋɡli/
one at a time; individually or separately
tarry
C2+
/ˈtæri/
to linger or delay; (separately) covered with tar
contingency
C2+
/kənˈtɪndʒənsi/
a future event that is possible but not certain; a provision for such
fleeting
C2+
/ˈfliːtɪŋ/
lasting only a very short time; passing swiftly
reminiscence
C2+
/ˌrɛməˈnɪsəns/
a recollection of a past experience; an account of such
antecedent
C2+
/ˌæntɪˈsiːdənt/
a thing that comes before another; (adj) preceding in time or order
broke
C2+
/broʊk/
having no money; (verb) past tense of break
henceforward
C2+
/hɛnsˈfɔrwɚd/
from this time on; henceforth
henceforwards
C2+
/hɛnsˈfɔrwɚdz/
from this time on; henceforth
musing
C2+
/ˈmjuzɪŋ/
a period of reflective or dreamy thought
transience
C2+
/ˈtrænʃəns/
the state of lasting only for a short time
duly
C2+
/ˈduli/
in the proper way or at the proper time; as expected
fling
C2+
/flɪŋ/
to throw forcefully; a brief period of indulgence or romance
forslow
C2+
/fərˈsloʊ/
(archaic) to delay, neglect, or be slow about
illustrious
C2+
/ɪˈlʌstriəs/
well known and admired for past achievements
jiff
C2+
/dʒɪf/
a very short period of time; a moment
seasonable
C2+
/ˈsizənəbəl/
suitable to the season, or opportune in timing
People & Society (675)
middle-class
C2+
/ˈmɪdəlˈklæs/
belonging to the socioeconomic group between the working class and the upper class
mandel
C2+
/ˈmændəl/
a surname or given name, especially in Germanic and Jewish usage
demander
C2+
a person or group that demands or asks for something
Koryak
C2+
/ˈkɔːriˌæk/
a member of an Indigenous people of the northern Kamchatka Peninsula and neighboring parts of the Russian Far East
unpeople
C2+
/ʌnˈpiːpəl/
to remove the inhabitants from a place or cause it to become deserted
Kalmyk
C2+
/kælˈmɪk/
a member of a traditionally Buddhist Oirat Mongol people living chiefly in Kalmykia near the northwestern Caspian Sea
ace
C2+
/eɪs/
a person who excels at something, or a playing card marked with a single pip
ass
C2+
/æs/
a donkey, or a foolish or stupid person
hereafter
C2+
/hɪɹˈæftɚ/
from now on or after this; the life after death
bitch
C2+
/bɪtʃ/
a female dog; (vulgar) a spiteful person or to complain
comfortless
C2+
/ˈkʌmfɚtləs/
without comfort, consolation, or ease
sober
C2+
/ˈsoʊbɚ/
not drunk; serious, solemn, or restrained
babe
C2+
/beɪb/
a baby or young child; an inexperienced person; an attractive person
blitheness
C2+
/ˈblaɪðnəs/
carefree cheerfulness or lighthearted indifference
flake
C2+
/fleɪk/
a small thin fragment; an unreliable person; to peel off
beleaguer
C2+
/bɪˈliɡɚ/
to surround with troops; to beset with difficulties or harassment
chum
C2+
/tʃʌm/
a close friend; (verb) to bait water with fish remains to attract fish
desist
C2+
/dɪˈsɪst/
to cease or stop doing something
bowelless
C2+
/ˈbaʊəlləs/
lacking compassion or pity; without bowels of mercy (archaic)
controller
C2+
/kənˈtroʊlɚ/
a person or device that directs or regulates something
crackpot
C2+
/ˈkrækpɑt/
an eccentric or foolish person with strange ideas
elder
C2+
/ˈɛldɚ/
older, or a senior and respected member of a group
geriatric
C2+
/ˌdʒɛriˈætrɪk/
relating to old people and their health care
jerk
C2+
/dʒɜrk/
a sudden sharp movement, or a contemptible person
Family & Relationships (73)
da
C2+
/dɑ/
father (dialectal or informal)
fertile
C2+
/ˈfɜrtəl/
capable of producing abundant growth or offspring; productive
gull
C2+
/ɡʌl/
a seabird of the family Laridae; also, to deceive or cheat someone
kin
C2+
/kɪn/
one's family and relations collectively
sire
C2+
/ˈsaɪɚ/
a male parent of an animal, or a respectful address to a king
avuncular
C2+
/əˈvʌŋkjələr/
kind and genial in the manner of an uncle
chore
C2+
/tʃɔr/
a routine or tedious task, especially a household one
crossbreed
C2+
/ˈkrɔsˌbrid/
to breed from two different varieties; the offspring so produced
matrimony
C2+
/ˈmætrɪmoʊni/
the state or ceremony of being married; marriage
adder
C2+
/ˈædɚ/
a small venomous snake of the viper family
affinity
C2+
/əˈfɪnəti/
a natural attraction, kinship, or close relationship
ancestry
C2+
/ˈænsɛstri/
one's family or ethnic descent; lineage
annul
C2+
/əˈnʌl/
to declare invalid or void, especially a law or marriage
auntie
C2+
/ˈænti/
an aunt (affectionate or familiar form)
bae
C2+
/beɪ/
a romantic partner or sweetheart (slang)
beget
C2+
/bɪˈɡɛt/
to father offspring; to give rise to
consort
C2+
/ˈkɑnsɔrt/
a spouse, especially of a reigning monarch; to associate with
dysfunction
C2+
/dɪsˈfʌŋkʃən/
abnormal or impaired functioning of a system, organ, or relationship
empress
C2+
/ˈɛmprəs/
a female sovereign ruler of an empire, or the wife of an emperor
fatherling
C2+
/ˈfɑðərlɪŋ/
a little or dear father (an archaic affectionate term)
fecundity
C2+
/fɪˈkʌndɪti/
the ability to produce abundant offspring or fruit; fertility
fertility
C2+
/fərˈtɪlɪti/
the ability to produce offspring or abundant vegetation
granddaddy
C2+
/ˈɡrænˌdædi/
a grandfather; the oldest or largest example of its kind
helpmeet
C2+
/ˈhɛlpˌmit/
a helpful companion or partner, especially a spouse
Emotions & Feelings (281)
whew
C2+
/hjuː/
used to express relief, exhaustion, or the release of tension
cerebral
C2+
/səˈɹi.bɹəl/
involving intelligence rather than emotions or instinct
populist
C2+
/ˈpɑ.pjə.lɪst/
A person who advocates populism (a movement against ruling elites who are presumed not to act in the interests of the ordinary citizen).
spoony
C2+
/ˈspuːni/
dated: foolishly or excessively sentimental in love
timorous
C2+
/ˈtɪmɝəs/
timid by nature or revealing timidity
gladsome
C2+
/ˈɡlæd.səm/
full of, expressing, or causing joy; cheerful and joyous
horror-struck
C2+
/ˈhɔɹ.ɚˌstrʌk/
suddenly overwhelmed or immobilized by horror
infatuate
C2+
/ɪnˈfætʃuˌeɪt/
to fill someone with an intense but unreasoning and often short-lived attraction or admiration, usually used in the passive
enamour
C2+
/ɪˈnæmɚ/
to fill someone with love, admiration, or delight, now usually used in the passive as enamoured of or with
enamor
C2+
/ɪˈnæmɚ/
To cause to be in love.
fantods
C2+
/ˈfæntɒdz/
informal, usually in the fantods: a state of nervous agitation, uneasiness, irritability, or fidgeting
cheerless
C2+
/ˈtʃɪɹləs/
gloomy and dreary, lacking joy or comfort
excite
C2+
/ɪkˈsaɪt/
to arouse strong feeling or activity in someone or something
condole
C2+
/kənˈdoʊl/
to express sympathy or sorrow for another's grief
dispassionate
C2+
/dɪsˈpæʃənət/
not influenced by strong emotion; calm and impartial
fearful
C2+
/ˈfɪɹfəl/
feeling or causing fear; dreadful
crestfallen
C2+
/ˈkrɛstˌfɔlən/
sad and disappointed after a defeat or letdown
afflict
C2+
/əˈflɪkt/
to cause persistent pain or suffering to someone
awaken
C2+
/əˈweɪkən/
to wake from sleep or to rouse a feeling or awareness
bleak
C2+
/blik/
bare, cold, and cheerless; offering little hope
dejected
C2+
/dɪˈdʒɛktɪd/
sad and dispirited; low in spirits
forlornness
C2+
/fɚˈlɔɹnnəs/
the state of being abandoned, lonely, and miserable
despondency
C2+
/dɪˈspɑndənsi/
a state of deep dejection and loss of hope
frightful
C2+
/ˈfraɪtfəl/
causing fear or horror; dreadful or extreme
Describing People (249)
deposition
C2+
/ˌdɛp.əˈzɪʃ.ən/
The removal of someone from office.
ethereal
C2+
/ɪˈθɪɚ.i.əl/
characterized by unusual lightness and delicacy
rationalize
C2+
/ˈɹæʃənəlaɪz/
remove irrational quantities from
go-getter
C2+
/ˈɡoʊˌɡɛt.ɚ/
an energetic, enterprising, and ambitious person who acts decisively to achieve success
solder
C2+
/ˈsɑd.ɚ/
an alloy, usually of lead and tin, used when melted to join two metal surfaces
regale
C2+
/ɹɪˈɡeɪl/
To please or entertain (someone), especially with stories, tales or jokes.
exploitative
C2+
/ɪkˈsplɔɪtətɪv/
In the nature of exploitation; acting to exploit someone or something
chucklehead
C2+
/ˈtʃʌkl̩ˌhɛd/
informal, disparaging: a stupid, foolish, or clumsy person
burnish
C2+
/ˈbɝnɪʃ/
to polish and make shiny
dyspeptic
C2+
/ˌdɪˈspɛptɪk/
A dyspeptic person.
ill-natured
C2+
/ˌɪlˈneɪtʃɚd/
habitually unkind, irritable, or difficult in temperament
detraction
C2+
/dɪˈtɹækʃən/
the act of discrediting or detracting from someone's reputation, especially by slander
hobbledehoy
C2+
/ˈhɑː.bəl.diˌhɔɪ/
an awkward, gawky, or ill-mannered adolescent boy
beetle-browed
C2+
/ˈbiː.təl.braʊd/
having heavy, bushy, or projecting eyebrows
unhesitating
C2+
/ʌnˈhɛzɪˌteɪtɪŋ/
done quickly and firmly, without hesitation
missish
C2+
/ˈmɪs.ɪʃ/
dated and usually disapproving: affectedly prim, prudish, or overly proper in a way stereotypically associated with a young unmarried woman
mullet-headed
C2+
/ˈmʌlɪtˌhɛdɪd/
dated informal, disparaging: foolish, dull-witted, or slow to notice what is happening
callipygous
C2+
/ˌkæl.ɪˈpɪ.d͡ʒəs/
rare: having shapely or attractively proportioned buttocks
ill-kempt
C2+
/ˌɪlˈkɛmpt/
untidy, poorly groomed, or disheveled in appearance
womanhater
C2+
/ˈwʊm.ənˌheɪ.tɚ/
a person who hates, despises, or is strongly prejudiced against women; a misogynist
conformable
C2+
/kənˈfɔɹməbəl/
corresponding in form or character; compliant
bland
C2+
/blænd/
lacking strong flavour, interest, or distinctive character
debase
C2+
/dɪˈbeɪs/
to lower in quality, value, character, or dignity
reckless
C2+
/ˈrɛkləs/
acting without thought for danger or consequences
Describing Qualities (2,203)
ahem
C2+
/əˈhɛm/
To cough or clear one's throat so as to draw attention.
half-hour
C2+
/ˈhæˌfaʊɝ/
The time of thirty minutes past any particular hour.
pilgrimage
C2+
/ˈpɪlɡɹɪmɪd͡ʒ/
A journey made to a sacred place, or a religious journey.
man-made
C2+
/ˈmænˌmeɪd/
not of natural origin
rabble
C2+
/ˈɹæbəl/
The mass of common people; the lowest class of populace.
self-defence
C2+
/ˌsɛlfdɪˈfɛns/
the act of defending yourself
three-dimensional
C2+
/ˌθriːzdɪˈmɛnʃənəl/
Lifelike.
self-preservation
C2+
/ˌsɛlfˌpɹɛzɜˈɹ.veɪ.ʃən/
The instinctive behaviour that protects oneself from harm.
broken-down
C2+
/ˌbroʊkənˈdaʊn/
no longer working because of mechanical failure
non-existent
C2+
/ˌnɑːnəgˈzɪstənt/
Alternative spelling of nonexistent.
self-interest
C2+
/ˌsɛlˈfɪntəˌrɛst/
One's personal interest or advantage, especially when pursued without regard for others.
one-legged
C2+
/ˈwʌnˌlɛɡəd/
having only one leg or only one functioning leg
parasol
C2+
/ˈpɛɹəˌsɑl/
To protect with, or as if with, a parasol; to shade.
afire
C2+
/əˈfaɪɚ/
lighted up by or as by fire or flame
self-contained
C2+
/ˈsɛlfkənˈteɪnd/
constituting a complete and independent unit in and of itself
contra
C2+
/ˈkɑntɹə/
Contrary to something.
half-dozen
C2+
/ˈhæfˌdəzən/
denoting a quantity consisting of six items or units
chock-full
C2+
/ˌtʃɑːkˈfʊl/
completely full or crowded, usually followed by of
banality
C2+
/bəˈnælɪti/
The quality of being banal.
sectarian
C2+
/sɛkˈtɛɹi.ən/
belonging to or characteristic of a sect
afeard
C2+
/əˈfɪə(ɹ)d/
Afraid.
gormless
C2+
/ˈɡɔːmləs/
British informal: lacking intelligence, sense, or initiative
canty
C2+
/ˈkænti/
lively; cheerful; merry; brisk
above-mentioned
C2+
/əˈbʌvˌmɛnʃn̩d/
mentioned or named earlier in the same text
Communication (230)
hmm
C2+
/hm̩/
a sound used to show that someone is thinking, hesitating, doubtful, or mildly interested
ta-ta
C2+
/təˈtɑ/
informal: goodbye
tch
C2+
/ǀ/
a representation of the dental click used to show disapproval or disgust; tut, tsk
humph
C2+
/hʌmf/
a closed-mouth grunt expressing doubt, annoyance, contempt, or disapproval
rebus
C2+
/ˈɹibəs/
An arrangement of pictures, symbols, or words representing phrases or words, especially as a word puzzle.
pall
C2+
/pɔl/
a heavy, fine canvas, especially one laid over a coffin or tomb
speer
C2+
/spɪɹ/
in Scots and northern English, to ask, inquire, or seek information
flippant
C2+
/ˈflɪpənt/
Showing disrespect through a casual attitude, levity, and a lack of due seriousness; pert.
heigh
C2+
/heɪ/
an exclamation used to attract attention, urge someone on, or express surprise
coda
C2+
/ˈkoʊ.də/
The optional final sound of a syllable or word, occurring after its nucleus and usually composed of one or more consonants.
sere
C2+
/sɪ(ə)ɹ/
Without moisture; dry.
tête-à-tête
C2+
/ˌteɪt.əˈteɪt/
a private conversation or meeting between two people
haw-haw
C2+
/ˈhɔˌhɔ/
a loud, coarse, or affected laugh
pooh-pooh
C2+
/ˌpuːˈpuː/
to dismiss an idea, concern, or suggestion as foolish or unimportant, often contemptuously
glower
C2+
/ˈɡloʊə(ɹ)/
An angry glare or stare.
yawp
C2+
/jɔp/
to utter a loud, harsh, or coarse cry
formule
C2+
/ˈfɔː(ɹ)mjuːl/
formula (model)
maunder
C2+
/ˈmɔndɚ/
To speak in a disorganized or desultory manner; to babble or prattle.
peroration
C2+
/pɛɹəˈɹeɪʃən/
the concluding section of an oration
bullyrag
C2+
/ˈbʊliˌræɡ/
to intimidate or dominate someone by bullying
superscribe
C2+
/ˌsuːpɚˈskraɪb/
to write an address, title, or other words on the outside or upper part of something
threap
C2+
/θriːp/
chiefly northern British or Scots: to scold, chide, argue with, or rebuke someone
blunt
C2+
/blʌnt/
having a dull edge or point; direct and tactless in speech
assent
C2+
/əˈsɛnt/
agreement or approval; to express agreement
Mind & Cognition (173)
dialogue
C2+
/ˈdaɪəˌlɔɡ/
A conversation or other form of discourse between two or more individuals.
whereabouts
C2+
/ˌ(h)wɛəɹəˈbaʊts/
the general location where something is
rum
C2+
/ɹʌm/
A spirit distilled from various preparations of sugarcane, particularly fermented cane sugar and molasses.
shovel
C2+
/ˈʃʊv.əl/
dig with or as if with a shovel
revolt
C2+
/ɹɪˈvoʊlt/
make revolution
unseen
C2+
/ʌnˈsiːn/
Not seen or discovered; invisible.
vista
C2+
/ˈvɪstə/
the visual representation of a region
frenzy
C2+
/ˈfɹɛnzi/
A state of wild activity or panic.
clockwork
C2+
/ˈklɑkwɝk/
A mechanism powered by a coiled spring and regulated by some form of escapement; the power is transmitted through toothed gearwheels and used to drive a mechanical clock, toy, or other device.
muller
C2+
/ˈmʌləɹ/
A machine that mixes clay and sand under a roller for use in preparing a mould for metal casting.
wreath
C2+
/ɹiθ/
Something twisted, intertwined, or curled.
pied
C2+
/paɪd/
Decorated or colored in blotches.
unwelcome
C2+
/ənˈwɛlkəm/
not welcome
minion
C2+
/ˈmɪnjən/
A loyal servant of another, usually a more powerful being.
tentative
C2+
/ˈtɛntətɪv/
unsettled in mind or opinion
optimum
C2+
/ˈɑptɪməm/
most desirable possible under a restriction expressed or implied
short-sighted
C2+
/ˌʃɔrtˈsaɪtəd/
Near-sighted; myopic; unable to focus on distant objects.
forethought
C2+
/ˈfɔː(ɹ)θɔːt/
Thinking beforehand or in advance, planning; prior or previous consideration.
self-knowledge
C2+
/ˌsɛlfˈnɑl.ɪdʒ/
Knowledge or insight into one's own character, abilities, feelings, or motivations; self-understanding.
coiffure
C2+
/kwɑˈfjʊɚ/
To style or arrange hair.
piebald
C2+
/ˈpaɪ.bɔld/
Spotted or blotched, especially in black and white.
telepathist
C2+
/təˈlɛpəθɪst/
a person believed to receive or transmit thoughts directly without using the known senses
indubitable
C2+
/ɪnˈdubɪtəbəl/
Clearly true; providing no possibility of doubt.
preconceive
C2+
/ˌpriːkənˈsiːv/
to form an idea, opinion, or expectation before having sufficient evidence or experience
Senses & Perception (164)
whinner
C2+
/ˈhwɪnər/
dialectal: to whine or cry in a weak, high-pitched manner
rat-tat
C2+
/ˈrætˌtæt/
a rapid series of short, sharp knocks or tapping sounds
guggle
C2+
/ˈɡʌɡəl/
to make the bubbling or gurgling sound of liquid flowing through a narrow opening
dour
C2+
/dʊɹ/
stern, gloomy, or forbidding in manner or appearance
forbidding
C2+
/fɚˈbɪdɪŋ/
unfriendly or threatening in appearance; grim
fondle
C2+
/ˈfɑndəl/
to touch or stroke gently and affectionately
ken
C2+
/kɛn/
range of knowledge or sight; to know or perceive
apparition
C2+
/ˌæpəˈrɪʃən/
a ghostly figure or a sudden striking appearance
conspicuous
C2+
/kənˈspɪkjuəs/
clearly visible or attracting notice; striking
meek
C2+
/miːk/
quiet, gentle, and submissive
aroma
C2+
/əˈroʊmə/
a distinctive, usually pleasant smell
bleary
C2+
/ˈblɪri/
(of eyes or vision) dim, blurred, or tired-looking
delectable
C2+
/dɪˈlɛktəbəl/
delicious; highly pleasing to the taste or senses
vulgar
C2+
/ˈvʌlɡɚ/
lacking refinement or good taste; coarse
ching
C2+
/tʃɪŋ/
an imitation of a ringing metallic sound; slang for money
daybreak
C2+
/ˈdeɪˌbreɪk/
the first appearance of light in the morning; dawn
refined
C2+
/rɪˈfaɪnd/
elegant and cultured in taste or manner; freed from impurities
unrefined
C2+
/ˌʌnrɪˈfaɪnd/
not processed or purified; coarse in manner or taste
abash
C2+
/əˈbæʃ/
to make someone feel embarrassed or ashamed
baffle
C2+
/ˈbæfəl/
to confuse or perplex; a device that restrains flow or sound
behold
C2+
/bɪˈhoʊld/
to see or observe, especially something remarkable
cheery
C2+
/ˈtʃɪri/
bright and pleasant; cheerful
din
C2+
/dɪn/
a loud, prolonged, confused noise
emit
C2+
/ɪˈmɪt/
to discharge or send out, as light, sound, or gas
Education & Learning (67)
enlighten
C2+
/ɪnˈlaɪtən/
to give greater knowledge or understanding to someone
ethics
C2+
/ˈɛθɪks/
moral principles governing conduct, or the study thereof
familiarity
C2+
/fəˌmɪliˈærɪti/
close acquaintance with or knowledge of something
imbibe
C2+
/ɪmˈbaɪb/
to drink, especially alcohol; to absorb ideas or knowledge
learned
C2+
/ˈlɝnɪd/
having or showing deep, extensive knowledge from study
provost
C2+
/ˈproʊvoʊst/
a senior academic administrator; the head of certain colleges
don
C2+
/dɑn/
to put on a garment; also a university teacher or distinguished man
pervert
C2+
/pɚˈvɝt/
to distort or corrupt from the original or proper course
politic
C2+
/ˈpɑləˌtɪk/
prudent and shrewd in pursuing a sensible course; expedient
regimen
C2+
/ˈrɛdʒəmən/
a prescribed course of diet, exercise, or treatment
tutelage
C2+
/ˈtuːtəlɪdʒ/
instruction or guardianship under a teacher or protector
deviate
C2+
/ˈdiviˌeɪt/
to depart from an established course, standard, or norm
disclaim
C2+
/dɪsˈkleɪm/
to renounce or deny any claim to, knowledge of, or responsibility for
doctorate
C2+
/ˈdɑktərət/
the highest academic degree awarded by a university
errant
C2+
/ˈɛrənt/
straying from the proper course or standards; wandering
indoctrinate
C2+
/ɪnˈdɑktrɪneɪt/
to teach someone to accept a set of beliefs uncritically
instructive
C2+
/ɪnˈstrʌktɪv/
useful in providing knowledge or information; enlightening
preceptor
C2+
/prɪˈsɛptər/
a teacher or instructor, especially a tutor or mentor
prognosis
C2+
/prɑɡˈnoʊsɪs/
a forecast of the likely course of a disease or situation
sophistication
C2+
/səˌfɪstɪˈkeɪʃən/
refined worldly knowledge, or complexity of design
academism
C2+
/əˈkædəˌmɪzəm/
adherence to traditional academic conventions or doctrines
antiquary
C2+
/ˈæntəˌkwɛri/
a student or collector of antiquities
bursary
C2+
/ˈbɝsəri/
a grant or scholarship awarded to a student; a treasury office
canalize
C2+
/ˈkænəˌlaɪz/
to convert into or direct through a channel; to channel into a fixed course
Work & Careers (75)
inventress
C2+
/ɪnˈvɛntrəs/
dated: a woman who invents; a female inventor
shopboy
C2+
/ˈʃɑːpˌbɔɪ/
historical: a boy or young male assistant employed in a shop
porkman
C2+
/ˈpɔrkmən/
a person who produces and sells pork.
undertaking
C2+
/ˌʌndɚˈteɪkɪŋ/
a task or project, especially a difficult one; a formal pledge
avocation
C2+
/ˌævəˈkeɪʃən/
a hobby or minor occupation pursued alongside one's main vocation
accede
C2+
/ækˈsid/
to agree to a request, or to assume an office
derivative
C2+
/dɪˈrɪvətɪv/
imitative of others' work; a thing based on another source
firing
C2+
/ˈfaɪərɪŋ/
the act of discharging a weapon, dismissing staff, or baking pottery
incompatible
C2+
/ˌɪnkəmˈpætəbəl/
unable to exist or work together harmoniously
abridgment
C2+
/əˈbrɪdʒmənt/
a shortened version of a written work; a condensation
accession
C2+
/ækˈsɛʃən/
the attainment of a rank, office, or throne
botch
C2+
/bɑtʃ/
to spoil through clumsiness; a bungled piece of work
bungle
C2+
/ˈbʌŋɡəl/
to carry out clumsily or incompetently; a botched job
hustle
C2+
/ˈhʌsəl/
to move or work energetically; to push or jostle
journeyman
C2+
/ˈdʒɜrnimən/
a trained worker qualified in a trade; a competent but unremarkable performer
managerial
C2+
/ˌmænəˈdʒɪriəl/
relating to the work or skills of a manager
absenteeism
C2+
/ˌæbsənˈtiɪzəm/
the habitual practice of being absent from work or duty
bishopric
C2+
/ˈbɪʃəprɪk/
the office or diocese of a bishop
depose
C2+
/dɪˈpoʊz/
to remove from office or power; to testify under oath
entropy
C2+
/ˈɛntrəpi/
a measure of disorder or of energy unavailable for work in a system
fag
C2+
/fæɡ/
a tiring or tedious task; (British informal) a cigarette
furtherance
C2+
/ˈfɜrðərəns/
the advancement or promotion of a plan or interest
hobo
C2+
/ˈhoʊboʊ/
a migratory worker or homeless vagrant, especially one riding trains
insinuate
C2+
/ɪnˈsɪnjuˌeɪt/
to suggest indirectly; to introduce or work in subtly
Business & Commerce (49)
payable
C2+
/ˈpeɪəbl̩/
a liability account showing how much is owed for goods and services purchased on credit
hereamong
C2+
/ˌhɪrəˈmʌŋ/
among these things or persons; in this company (archaic)
recompense
C2+
/ˈrɛkəmpɛns/
compensation or reward for loss, effort, or service
proprietor
C2+
/prəˈpraɪətɚ/
the owner of a business or property
speciality
C2+
/ˌspɛʃiˈæləti/
a pursuit, product, or skill in which one specializes
adulterator
C2+
/əˈdʌltəreɪtər/
one who debases a product by adding inferior substances
gainless
C2+
/ˈɡeɪnləs/
bringing no profit or advantage; unprofitable
biologic
C2+
/ˌbaɪəˈlɑdʒɪk/
relating to biology; a medical product derived from living organisms
butchery
C2+
/ˈbʊtʃəri/
brutal and indiscriminate killing; the trade of a butcher
disinvest
C2+
/ˌdɪsɪnˈvɛst/
to withdraw or reduce an investment in a company or sector
gainful
C2+
/ˈɡeɪnfəl/
providing money or profit; remunerative
officiate
C2+
/əˈfɪʃieɪt/
to perform official duties, especially at a ceremony or religious service
phantasy
C2+
/ˈfæntəsi/
imagination or a product of it; fantasy (archaic spelling)
solitarily
C2+
/ˈsɑləˌtɛrɪli/
in a solitary manner; alone and without company
strategical
C2+
/strəˈtidʒɪkəl/
relating to strategy; strategic
strategically
C2+
/strəˈtidʒɪkli/
in a way that relates to or shows strategy
subsidiary
C2+
/səbˈsɪdiɛri/
a company controlled by another; of secondary importance
tryout
C2+
/ˈtraɪˌaʊt/
a test of the suitability of a performer, athlete, or product
biz
C2+
/bɪz/
informal term for business or a particular trade or industry
caravanserai
C2+
/ˌkærəˈvænsəˌraɪ/
an inn with a central court for caravans along Eastern trade routes
commercialism
C2+
/kəˈmɝʃəˌlɪzəm/
emphasis on profit or marketing, often at the expense of other values
dealing
C2+
/ˈdilɪŋ/
conduct or transactions in business or relations
declarer
C2+
/dɪˈklɛrər/
one who declares; in bridge, the player who plays the contract
embargo
C2+
/ɪmˈbɑrɡoʊ/
an official ban on trade or commerce with a country
Money & Finance (107)
goldmine
C2+
/ˈɡoʊldˌmaɪn/
a mine from which gold ore is extracted
provident
C2+
/ˈpɹɒvɪdənt/
providing carefully for the future
profundity
C2+
/pɹəˈfʌndɪti/
the quality of being physically deep
eightpence
C2+
/ˈeɪt.pəns/
the monetary sum of eight pence, especially in historical British currency
rouleau
C2+
/ruːˈloʊ/
a small roll, especially a roll of coins wrapped in paper
spondulicks
C2+
/spɑːnˈduːlɪks/
dated slang: money or available funds
aggrandize
C2+
/əˈɡrændaɪz/
to increase the power, wealth, or reputation of someone or something
lavish
C2+
/ˈlævɪʃ/
luxuriously abundant, or to give in great quantity
canny
C2+
/ˈkæni/
shrewd, careful, and quick-witted, especially in money matters
creditable
C2+
/ˈkrɛdətəbəl/
deserving credit or praise; reasonably good
destitute
C2+
/ˈdɛstəˌtut/
extremely poor and lacking the basic necessities of life
remuneration
C2+
/rɪˌmjunəˈreɪʃən/
money paid for work or a service; payment
aby
C2+
/əˈbaɪ/
to pay the penalty for; to atone for
kitty
C2+
/ˈkɪti/
a pool of money contributed by a group; informally, a kitten or cat
miserly
C2+
/ˈmaɪzɚli/
extremely reluctant to spend money; stingy
pelf
C2+
/pɛlf/
money or wealth, especially when regarded as ill-gotten or contemptible
riches
C2+
/ˈrɪtʃɪz/
abundant wealth or valuable possessions
barter
C2+
/ˈbɑːrtɚ/
to exchange goods or services without using money
comptroller
C2+
/kənˈtroʊlɚ/
a controller, especially one supervising financial accounts
delinquent
C2+
/dɪˈlɪŋkwənt/
failing in duty or guilty of an offense; overdue in payment
divest
C2+
/daɪˈvɛst/
to deprive or rid of something; to sell off assets or holdings
flog
C2+
/flɑɡ/
to beat with a whip or stick; informally, to sell persistently
mammon
C2+
/ˈmæmən/
wealth regarded as an evil influence or object of devotion
pocketbook
C2+
/ˈpɑkətˌbʊk/
a wallet or purse, or one's financial resources
Shopping & Services (45)
touter
C2+
/ˈtaʊtɚ/
a person who solicits customers or promotes something in an insistent or obtrusive way
bespeak
C2+
/bɪˈspiːk/
to be evidence of; to order or reserve in advance
burglarize
C2+
/ˈbɝɡləˌraɪz/
to break into a building unlawfully in order to steal
outright
C2+
/ˈaʊtˌraɪt/
wholly and completely; without reservation
receptacle
C2+
/rɪˈsɛptəkəl/
a container used to hold or store something
chasten
C2+
/ˈtʃeɪsən/
to discipline or subdue in order to correct or improve
chippy
C2+
/ˈtʃɪpi/
irritable and quarrelsome; or a British fish-and-chip shop
chronicle
C2+
/ˈkrɑnɪkəl/
a factual written account of events in order of occurrence
commandment
C2+
/kəˈmændmənt/
a divine rule or authoritative order
disordered
C2+
/dɪsˈɔrdɚd/
lacking order or arrangement; in a state of confusion
alphabetic
C2+
/ˌælfəˈbɛtɪk/
arranged in or relating to the order of the alphabet
alphabetize
C2+
/ˈælfəbəˌtaɪz/
to arrange in alphabetical order
arsenal
C2+
/ˈɑrsənəl/
a store or collection of weapons and military equipment
auxesis
C2+
/ɔɡˈzisɪs/
rhetorical amplification arranging ideas in ascending order of importance; growth by cell enlargement
countermine
C2+
/ˈkaʊntɚˌmaɪn/
to thwart an enemy's mine by digging a counter-tunnel; to counter a hostile scheme
disarrange
C2+
/ˌdɪsəˈreɪndʒ/
to disturb the order or arrangement of; to throw into disorder
disorganization
C2+
/dɪsˌɔrɡənəˈzeɪʃən/
lack of order or systematic arrangement; confusion
disruptive
C2+
/dɪsˈrʌptɪv/
causing disturbance or upheaval; radically altering an established order
exportation
C2+
/ˌɛkspɔrˈteɪʃən/
the act of sending goods abroad for sale
hoard
C2+
/hɔrd/
to accumulate and hide away a store of something
injunction
C2+
/ɪnˈdʒʌŋkʃən/
a court order requiring or forbidding an action; an authoritative command
permutation
C2+
/ˌpɜrmjəˈteɪʃən/
an arrangement of items in a particular order, or one of several variations
precedence
C2+
/ˈprɛsɪdəns/
priority in importance, order, or rank
provider
C2+
/prəˈvaɪdɚ/
one who supplies something or supports a family
House & Home (61)
unprofessional
C2+
/ˌənprəˈfɛʃənəl/
not characteristic of or befitting a profession or one engaged in a profession
unprepared
C2+
/ˌənpriːˈpɛrd/
Not prepared; caught by surprise.
tumble-down
C2+
/ˈtʌmbəlˌdaʊn/
dilapidated, ramshackle, or in such poor condition that collapse seems likely
chairback
C2+
/ˈtʃɛrˌbæk/
the upright rear part of a chair that supports the sitter's back
doghole
C2+
/ˈdɔɡˌhoʊl/
derogatory: a mean, cramped, or squalid dwelling or place considered fit only for dogs
girandole
C2+
/ˈdʒɪrənˌdoʊl/
an ornamental branched candlestick or wall light, often mounted against a mirror
washpan
C2+
/ˈwɑːʃˌpæn/
a broad, shallow pan or basin used to hold water for washing
loghouse
C2+
/ˈlɔːɡˌhaʊs/
a house built from horizontally laid logs; a log cabin
closet
C2+
/ˈklɑzət/
a small enclosed storage room; to shut away in private
mat
C2+
/mæt/
a piece of coarse fabric for the floor; also to become tangled
bakehouse
C2+
/ˈbeɪkˌhaʊs/
a building or room in which bread is baked; a bakery
perennial
C2+
/pəˈrɛniəl/
lasting or recurring through many years; a plant living for years
senate
C2+
/ˈsɛnət/
a legislative or governing assembly, especially an upper house
bedchamber
C2+
/ˈbɛdˌtʃeɪmbɚ/
a private room used for sleeping; a bedroom
bridewell
C2+
/ˈbraɪdwɛl/
(archaic) a prison or house of correction
cathedra
C2+
/kəˈθidrə/
the official chair or throne of a bishop or professor
flooring
C2+
/ˈflɔrɪŋ/
the material used to make the floor of a room
gutter
C2+
/ˈɡʌtɚ/
a channel along a roof or roadside for carrying off rainwater
gymnasium
C2+
/dʒɪmˈneɪziəm/
a room or building equipped for physical exercise or sports
lounge
C2+
/laʊndʒ/
a room for relaxing; to recline or loll idly
moggy
C2+
/ˈmɑɡi/
a cat, especially a non-pedigree or ordinary house cat
barroom
C2+
/ˈbɑrˌrum/
a room or establishment with a bar serving alcoholic drinks
bedfast
C2+
/ˈbɛdˌfæst/
confined to bed by illness; bedridden
biologically
C2+
/ˌbaɪəˈlɑdʒɪkli/
in a way relating to biology or living organisms
Food & Drink (123)
mincemeat
C2+
/ˈmɪnˌsmiːt/
a spiced fruit mixture used especially in mince pies
unanswerable
C2+
/ˌəˈnænsɝəbəl/
impossible to answer
vol-au-vent
C2+
/ˌvɔː.loʊˈvɑ̃ː/
a light, hollow puff-pastry case filled with a savory mixture such as meat, fish, mushrooms, or vegetables in sauce
cornpone
C2+
/ˈkɔrnˌpoʊn/
chiefly Southern US: a simple cornbread, traditionally made without milk or eggs and baked or fried
floury
C2+
/ˈflaʊəri/
high in starch and tending to become dry, soft, and crumbly when cooked
oniony
C2+
/ˈʌnjəni/
Resembling an onion or onions, especially in terms of smell.
ingurgitate
C2+
/ɪnˈɡɝdʒəteɪt/
rare: to swallow food or drink greedily or in large quantities
chaud-froid
C2+
/ˌʃoʊˈfrwɑː/
a prepared dish of meat, poultry, game, or fish cooked hot, then served cold under a decorative jellied sauce
luncher
C2+
/ˈlʌn.tʃər/
a person who is eating or habitually eats lunch, especially at a restaurant or gathering
bait
C2+
/beɪt/
food or a lure used to entice prey; to torment or provoke
cheesy
C2+
/ˈtʃiːzi/
cheaply sentimental or tacky; resembling cheese
flush
C2+
/flʌʃ/
to redden or rinse with water; a reddening; level and even; abundantly supplied
bhang
C2+
/bæŋ/
a preparation of cannabis leaves used as a drink or smoked
coddle
C2+
/ˈkɑdəl/
to treat with excessive care, or to cook gently in water
cordial
C2+
/ˈkɔrdʒəl/
warm and friendly; a sweet fruit-flavored drink
foodstuff
C2+
/ˈfudˌstʌf/
any substance used or suitable as food
gridiron
C2+
/ˈɡrɪdˌaɪərn/
a framework of metal bars for grilling food, or an American football field
liquor
C2+
/ˈlɪkər/
an alcoholic drink, especially a distilled spirit
luncheon
C2+
/ˈlʌntʃən/
a formal or ceremonious midday meal
beest
C2+
/bist/
the first milk of a cow after calving (colostrum); archaic 'art'
booze
C2+
/buz/
alcoholic drink; to drink alcohol heavily
chive
C2+
/tʃaɪv/
a slender herb of the onion family used to flavor food
devour
C2+
/dɪˈvaʊɚ/
to eat hungrily or greedily; to consume completely
dine
C2+
/daɪn/
to eat dinner, especially a formal or substantial meal
Clothing & Appearance (86)
cravat
C2+
/kɹəˈvæt/
a broad band or scarf worn around the neck
trousering
C2+
/ˈtraʊ.zɚ.ɪŋ/
cloth suitable for making trousers, especially material sold or discussed for that purpose
accoutred
C2+
/əˈkuːtɚd/
Dressed; clothed.
watchguard
C2+
/ˈwɑtʃˌɡɑrd/
historical: a chain, cord, or ribbon securing a pocket watch to its wearer's clothing
heavy-lidded
C2+
/ˌhɛv.iˈlɪd.ɪd/
having eyelids that appear unusually heavy, partly closed, or drooping
dentelle
C2+
/dɛnˈtɛl/
lace or lacework, especially as an article of dress
blackavised
C2+
/ˈblækəˌvaɪzd/
archaic: dark-complexioned or swarthy in appearance
staylace
C2+
/ˈsteɪˌleɪs/
a lace used to fasten a pair of stays or a corset
chaste
C2+
/tʃeɪst/
abstaining from illicit sexual conduct; pure or restrained in style
apparel
C2+
/əˈpærəl/
clothing or attire; to clothe or adorn
clothe
C2+
/kloʊð/
to provide with or dress in garments
dandy
C2+
/ˈdændi/
a man overly concerned with elegant dress; excellent
cag
C2+
/kæɡ/
British informal, a lightweight waterproof jacket; a cagoule
dapper
C2+
/ˈdæpɚ/
neat and trim in dress and appearance
fray
C2+
/freɪ/
a noisy quarrel or fight; to wear or unravel at the edges
bedizen
C2+
/bɪˈdaɪzən/
to dress or adorn gaudily and showily
despoil
C2+
/dɪˈspɔɪl/
to plunder or strip of possessions, valuables, or beauty by force
exhaustedness
C2+
/ɪɡˈzɔstɪdnəs/
the state of being completely worn out or drained of energy
fuzz
C2+
/fʌz/
a mass of fine, fluffy fibers or hair; to make blurred
inelegant
C2+
/ɪnˈɛlɪɡənt/
lacking grace, refinement, or style
nappy
C2+
/ˈnæpi/
a baby's diaper; or (of hair) tightly curled and frizzy
naturalism
C2+
/ˈnætʃərəˌlɪzəm/
a style or doctrine depicting things as they really are in nature
nonuniformity
C2+
/ˌnɑnˌjunɪˈfɔrmɪti/
the state of not being uniform or consistent throughout
philosophic
C2+
/ˌfɪləˈsɑfɪk/
relating to philosophy; calm and rational in the face of difficulty
Travel (12)
posthouse
C2+
/ˈpoʊsthaʊs/
historical: an inn or relay station where post horses were exchanged and riders or travelers could lodge
terminus
C2+
/ˈtɝmənəs/
the end point of a route, line, or journey
baggagemaster
C2+
/ˈbæɡɪdʒˌmæstɚ/
a railway official in charge of passengers' luggage
dispatch
C2+
/dɪsˈpætʃ/
to send off promptly to a destination or for a purpose
fifo
C2+
/ˈfaɪfoʊ/
first in, first out: a method of ordering or processing items by arrival
importation
C2+
/ˌɪmpɔrˈteɪʃən/
the act or process of bringing goods into a country from abroad
layover
C2+
/ˈleɪˌoʊvər/
a period of waiting between connecting legs of a journey
seafaring
C2+
/ˈsiˌfɛrɪŋ/
engaged in or relating to travel by sea
starship
C2+
/ˈstɑrˌʃɪp/
a spacecraft designed for interstellar travel
tripper
C2+
/ˈtrɪpɚ/
a person who goes on a trip or excursion, especially a tourist
posta
C2+
/ˈpoʊ.stə/
historical, in Spanish America: a staging post or outpost on a travel or communication route, with a relay of horses and often a small staff or guard
Gladstone bag
C2+
/ˈɡlæd.stən ˌbæɡ/
a stiff-sided travelling bag with a hinged frame that opens flat into two equal compartments
Transportation (68)
hulk
C2+
/hʊlk/
a large abandoned ship, wreck, or shell
madrina
C2+
/mɑːˈdriːnə/
in South American pack travel, a steady mare or other animal wearing a bell and leading a troop of mules
spaceworthy
C2+
/ˈspeɪsˌwɝði/
fit, reliable, and safe enough to be launched into or travel through space
sleighbell
C2+
/ˈsleɪbɛl/
a small hollow bell, typically containing a loose pellet, attached to a sleigh or harness so that it jingles during travel
unmaneuverable
C2+
/ˌʌn.məˈnuː.vɚ.ə.bəl/
difficult or impossible to steer, turn, position, or control effectively
curb
C2+
/kɜrb/
to restrain or keep in check; a raised edge along a street
aft
C2+
/æft/
at, near, or toward the stern of a ship or tail of an aircraft
automobile
C2+
/ˈɔtəməˌbil/
a self-propelled passenger road vehicle; a car
bogie
C2+
/ˈboʊɡi/
a swiveling wheeled undercarriage on a railway vehicle
boxcar
C2+
/ˈbɑksˌkɑr/
an enclosed railroad freight car
conveyance
C2+
/kənˈveɪəns/
a means of transport, or the transfer of property
forestay
C2+
/ˈfɔrˌsteɪ/
a rope or stay supporting a ship's foremast from the bow
poop
C2+
/pup/
excrement; or the raised deck at the stern of a ship
streetcar
C2+
/ˈstritˌkɑr/
a passenger vehicle running on rails along city streets; a tram
taxicab
C2+
/ˈtæksiˌkæb/
a car licensed to carry passengers for a fare; a taxi
undecked
C2+
/ʌnˈdɛkt/
not adorned or decorated; of a boat, having no deck
barge
C2+
/bɑrdʒ/
a flat-bottomed boat for carrying freight on rivers and canals
berth
C2+
/bɜrθ/
a place for a ship to dock; a sleeping bunk on a ship or train
eject
C2+
/ɪˈdʒɛkt/
to force out or expel suddenly; to bail out of an aircraft
overpass
C2+
/ˈoʊvɚˌpæs/
a bridge carrying one road or path over another
planar
C2+
/ˈpleɪnɚ/
lying in or relating to a single plane; flat
sleeper
C2+
/ˈslipɚ/
one who sleeps, a sleeping car, or an unexpected success
st
C2+
/sənt/
abbreviation for saint or street
accelerator
C2+
/əkˈsɛləreɪtɚ/
a device or thing that increases speed, especially a car's gas pedal
Verbs of Movement (119)
scutter
C2+
/ˈskʌtə(ɹ)/
A hasty run.
outfly
C2+
/aʊtˈflaɪ/
to fly better, faster, or further than.
lollop
C2+
/ˈlɒləp/
informal: to move with a clumsy, rolling, or bouncing motion, usually at an unhurried pace
debouch
C2+
/dɪˈbuːʃ/
to emerge from a narrow or enclosed place into a wider, open area
upheave
C2+
/ʌpˈhiːv/
literary or dated: to lift or force something upward powerfully, or to rise in that way
footpace
C2+
/ˈfʊtˌpeɪs/
A walking pace or step.
heave
C2+
/hiv/
to lift or throw with great effort; to rise and fall
daring
C2+
/ˈdɛrɪŋ/
boldly adventurous; willingness to take risks
bumble
C2+
/ˈbʌmbəl/
to move or act in a clumsy, blundering way
extinguish
C2+
/ɪkˈstɪŋɡwɪʃ/
to put out a fire or light; to bring to an end
blunder
C2+
/ˈblʌndɚ/
a careless mistake; (verb) to make such a mistake or move clumsily
coalesce
C2+
/ˌkoʊəˈlɛs/
to come together to form one whole
impenetrable
C2+
/ɪmˈpɛnətrəbəl/
impossible to pass through, enter, or understand
bewreck
C2+
/bɪˈrɛk/
to ruin or bring to ruin
immotile
C2+
/ɪˈmoʊtəl/
incapable of movement; not motile
interchange
C2+
/ˈɪntɚˌtʃeɪndʒ/
a mutual exchange; a junction where roads meet and cross
ambulatory
C2+
/ˈæmbjələtɔːri/
relating to or able to walk; a covered walkway
clump
C2+
/klʌmp/
a compact cluster or mass; to walk with a heavy tread
disassemble
C2+
/ˌdɪsəˈsɛmbəl/
to take apart into separate pieces
forerunner
C2+
/ˈfɔrˌrʌnər/
a predecessor or early sign of something to come
lug
C2+
/lʌɡ/
to carry or drag with great effort; also a projecting handle
lurch
C2+
/lɜrtʃ/
to make a sudden, unsteady movement
astir
C2+
/əˈstɝ/
in a state of motion, excitement, or activity
audacious
C2+
/ɔˈdeɪʃəs/
showing bold or daring willingness to take risks
Sports & Fitness (32)
stiff-arm
C2+
/ˈstɪfˌɑrm/
a push made with a fully extended arm, especially to fend off an opponent in sport
outjump
C2+
/ˌaʊtˈdʒʌmp/
to jump better than; particularly higher than, or further than.
flex
C2+
/flɛks/
to bend a joint or muscle; informally, to show off
deuce
C2+
/dus/
a playing card or die showing two; (in tennis) a tied score
triumphant
C2+
/traɪˈʌmfənt/
having won a victory or success; exultant over it
dunk
C2+
/dʌŋk/
to dip into liquid; to thrust a basketball downward through the hoop
goalie
C2+
/ˈɡoʊli/
a player who guards the goal in sports; a goalkeeper
hurdle
C2+
/ˈhɝdəl/
a barrier to be jumped in a race, or an obstacle to be overcome
incapable
C2+
/ɪnˈkeɪpəbəl/
lacking the ability, capacity, or fitness to do something
jock
C2+
/ˈdʒɑk/
an enthusiastic athlete, especially a male one (informal)
nil
C2+
/nɪl/
nothing; zero, especially as a score
olympian
C2+
/oʊˈlɪmpiən/
majestic, lofty, or aloof; relating to Mount Olympus or the Olympic Games
rugger
C2+
/ˈrʌɡɚ/
an informal British term for the game of rugby
solitaire
C2+
/ˈsɑləˌtɛr/
a single-player card game, or a single gem set alone
sporty
C2+
/ˈspɔrti/
interested in or suited to sport; stylishly athletic
bagatelle
C2+
/ˌbæɡəˈtɛl/
a trifle, or a short light piece of music or a tabletop ball game
batsman
C2+
/ˈbætsmən/
a player who bats, especially in cricket
clubhouse
C2+
/ˈklʌbˌhaʊs/
a building used by the members of a club or team
coachfellow
C2+
/ˈkoʊtʃˌfɛloʊ/
a horse harnessed alongside another to the same coach; a yokefellow
cocker
C2+
/ˈkɑkɚ/
to pamper or indulge; also a breed of spaniel used to flush game
competitiveness
C2+
/kəmˈpɛtətɪvnəs/
the quality of being able to compete successfully or eager to win
footy
C2+
/ˈfʊti/
informal term for football (soccer or Australian rules)
ingratiatory
C2+
/ɪnˈɡreɪʃiəˌtɔri/
intended to win favor or approval; ingratiating
mitt
C2+
/mɪt/
a padded glove, especially one used in baseball
Health & Medicine (83)
hoarse
C2+
/hɔɹs/
rough and harsh in voice or sound
ashen
C2+
/ˈæʃ.ən/
anemic looking from illness or emotion
incarnadine
C2+
/ɪnˈkɑɹnəˌdiːn/
Of a red colour.
declivity
C2+
/dɪˈklɪvɪti/
An inward curve of the exoskeleton of an insect, such as between body segments; a segment of an insect's body where the exoskeleton curves inward.
rheumy
C2+
/ˈɹumi/
especially of the eyes, watery or affected by a mucous discharge
palliate
C2+
/ˈpælieɪt/
To relieve the symptoms of; to ameliorate.
opium-eater
C2+
/ˈoʊpiəm ˌiːtər/
historical: a person who habitually consumes opium, especially for intoxication; an opium user or addict
qualmish
C2+
/ˈkwɑːmɪʃ/
Affected with qualms; queasy, nauseous
aggrieve
C2+
/əˈɡriv/
to cause distress or injury to someone, especially by unjust treatment
damnify
C2+
/ˈdæmnɪfaɪ/
to cause loss or injury to, especially in legal contexts
cannabis
C2+
/ˈkænəbɪs/
a plant whose dried parts are used as a drug and for fiber
diseased
C2+
/dɪˈzizd/
affected by or suffering from disease; unhealthy
medic
C2+
/ˈmɛdɪk/
a person trained to give medical treatment, especially in the field
therapeutic
C2+
/ˌθɛrəˈpjutɪk/
relating to the healing or curing of disease; soothing
atonement
C2+
/əˈtoʊnmənt/
reparation or amends made for a wrong or injury
curative
C2+
/ˈkjʊrətɪv/
able to cure disease; a remedy
operable
C2+
/ˈɑpərəbəl/
able to be used or operated; suitable for surgery
redress
C2+
/rɪˈdrɛs/
remedy or compensation for a wrong or grievance
sawbones
C2+
/ˈsɔboʊnz/
a slang term for a surgeon or doctor
ailment
C2+
/ˈeɪlmənt/
a minor illness or bodily disorder
algid
C2+
/ˈældʒɪd/
cold or chilly, especially of the body during illness
convalescence
C2+
/ˌkɑnvəˈlɛsəns/
the gradual recovery of health after illness
gaunt
C2+
/ɡɔnt/
lean and haggard, especially from illness or hardship
grippe
C2+
/ɡrɪp/
influenza; a feverish respiratory illness (dated)
The Human Body (111)
colonel
C2+
/ˈkɝ.nl̩/
A commissioned officer in an armed military organization, typically the highest rank before flag officer ranks (generals). It is generally found in armies, air forces or naval infantry (marines).
chapel
C2+
/ˈt͡ʃɛp.əl/
a service conducted in a place of worship that has its own altar
inwards
C2+
/ˈɪnwɚdz/
toward the center or interior
convex
C2+
/ˈkɑn.vɛks/
Curved or bowed outward like the outside of a bowl, circle, or sphere.
yawl
C2+
/jɔl/
A fore-and-aft rigged sailing vessel with two masts, main and mizzen, the mizzen stepped abaft the rudder post.
left-handedness
C2+
/ˌleftˈhæn.dɪd.nəs/
the tendency or preference to use the left hand rather than the right for skilled actions
teethe
C2+
/tiːð/
to grow or cut teeth
risorius
C2+
/ɹɪˈsɔɹ.i.əs/
A narrow band of facial muscle arising from the fascia over the masseter and inserting into the tissues at the corner of the mouth, which it draws laterally, as is used when smiling.
naris
C2+
/ˈner.ɪs/
either external opening of the nose or either corresponding opening into the nasal cavity; a nostril
vasomotor
C2+
/ˌveɪzoʊˈmoʊtər/
relating to the nerves and muscles that cause the blood vessels to constrict or dilate
irid
C2+
/ˈaɪrɪd/
archaic: the iris, or colored ring surrounding the pupil of the eye
eclipse
C2+
/ɪˈklɪps/
the obscuring of one celestial body by another; to outshine
fracture
C2+
/ˈfræktʃɚ/
a break or crack, especially in bone or rock
backbone
C2+
/ˈbækboʊn/
the spine; the chief support or strength of something
bodily
C2+
/ˈbɑdəli/
relating to the body; as a whole physical entity
butt
C2+
/bʌt/
the thicker or blunt end of something; to strike with the head
canonical
C2+
/kəˈnɑnɪkəl/
conforming to an accepted rule, standard, or authoritative body of texts
chappy
C2+
/ˈtʃæpi/
marked by cracks or chaps in the skin; British informal for a fellow
corporeal
C2+
/kɔrˈpɔriəl/
relating to a material body; physical rather than spiritual
fillip
C2+
/ˈfɪləp/
a stimulus or boost; a quick flick of a finger
kicking
C2+
/ˈkɪkɪŋ/
striking with the foot; informally, lively or still active
sect
C2+
/sɛkt/
a group with distinct beliefs that has separated from a larger body
stricture
C2+
/ˈstrɪktʃɚ/
a severe criticism, or an abnormal narrowing of a passage in the body
abdomen
C2+
/ˈæbdəmən/
the part of the body containing the digestive organs; the belly
Technology & Computing (35)
searchlight
C2+
/ˈsɝːtʃˌlaɪt/
To scan or sweep across like a searchlight.
detectaphone
C2+
/dɪˈtɛktəfoʊn/
a sensitive microphone able to record conversations covertly even through a wall.
cipher
C2+
/ˈsaɪfər/
a secret code; a zero; a nonentity; to encode or do arithmetic
clasp
C2+
/klæsp/
to grasp or hold tightly; a fastening device
contrivance
C2+
/kənˈtraɪvəns/
a cleverly made device or scheme; an artificial or strained arrangement
jack
C2+
/dʒæk/
a device for raising heavy objects; also, to raise or boost
maze
C2+
/meɪz/
a network of confusing paths; to bewilder
blower
C2+
/ˈbloʊɚ/
a device that produces a current of air; (British slang) a telephone
emulator
C2+
/ˈɛmjəˌleɪtər/
hardware or software that imitates another system, or one who emulates
executable
C2+
/ˈɛksɪkjutəbəl/
able to be carried out or run, especially a computer program file
lookup
C2+
/ˈlʊkˌʌp/
the act of searching for information in a reference or database
algorithm
C2+
/ˈælɡəˌrɪðəm/
a step-by-step procedure for solving a problem or computation
bot
C2+
/bɑt/
a software program that runs automated tasks; also a botfly larva
coder
C2+
/ˈkoʊdɚ/
a person who writes computer programs or converts data into code
codify
C2+
/ˈkɑdəˌfaɪ/
to arrange laws or rules into a systematic code
committer
C2+
/kəˈmɪtɚ/
one who commits something, such as code changes or an act
compiler
C2+
/kəmˈpaɪlɚ/
one who compiles; a program that translates source code into machine code
decidable
C2+
/dɪˈsaɪdəbəl/
able to be decided; in logic, solvable by an algorithm
digitally
C2+
/ˈdɪdʒɪtəli/
by means of digital technology; or with the fingers
digitize
C2+
/ˈdɪdʒɪˌtaɪz/
to convert information into digital form
fastener
C2+
/ˈfæsənɚ/
a device that holds or joins things together
flasher
C2+
/ˈflæʃɚ/
a device or thing that flashes, such as a blinking light
gripper
C2+
/ˈɡrɪpɚ/
a device or part that grips or holds firmly
igniter
C2+
/ɪɡˈnaɪtɚ/
a device that sets fire to or starts the combustion of something
Media & Publishing (25)
tentpole
C2+
/ˈtɛntˌpoʊl/
a pole that supports a tent
belles-lettres
C2+
/ˌbɛlˈlɛtrə/
literature valued primarily for beauty, style, and imaginative expression rather than for practical information
scoop
C2+
/skup/
a utensil for lifting loose material, or an exclusive news story
tattle
C2+
/ˈtætəl/
to report another's wrongdoing; to gossip idly
dob
C2+
/dɑb/
chiefly British to inform on or report someone for wrongdoing
marginalia
C2+
/ˌmɑrdʒɪˈneɪliə/
notes written in the margins of a book or manuscript
announcer
C2+
/əˈnaʊnsɚ/
a person who introduces programs or reads news on radio or television
ascribe
C2+
/əˈskraɪb/
to attribute something to a cause, source, or author
autocab
C2+
/ˈɔtoʊˌkæb/
a taxicab, especially one summoned by an automated radio system
bookpress
C2+
/ˈbʊkprɛs/
a press used in bookbinding, or a cupboard or case for storing books
clipsheet
C2+
/ˈklɪpˌʃit/
a sheet of press items or news clippings issued for reprinting
finis
C2+
/ˈfɪnɪs/
the end, especially printed at the close of a book or film
intelligencer
C2+
/ɪnˈtɛlɪdʒənsɚ/
one who conveys news or secret information; an informer or spy (archaic)
mag
C2+
/mæɡ/
(informal) a magazine; also a magneto or ammunition magazine
newspaperman
C2+
/ˈnuzˌpeɪpərˌmæn/
a man who writes for or owns a newspaper; a male journalist
newspaperwoman
C2+
/ˈnuzˌpeɪpərˌwʊmən/
a woman who writes for or owns a newspaper; a female journalist
periodical
C2+
/ˌpɪriˈɑdɪkəl/
a magazine or journal published at regular intervals
preface
C2+
/ˈprɛfəs/
an introduction to a book; to introduce or precede with remarks
pressman
C2+
/ˈprɛsmən/
a person who operates a printing press, or a newspaper journalist
wireless
C2+
/ˈwaɪɚ.ləs/
operating without connecting wires, or (chiefly British) a radio
sourcebook
C2+
/ˈsɔrsˌbʊk/
a book that collects primary documents, readings, or reference material on a particular subject
leaderette
C2+
/ˌliːdərˈɛt/
chiefly British and dated: a short newspaper editorial or a brief paragraph within an editorial
noveldom
C2+
/ˈnɑvəldəm/
the realm of novels, novelists, or fictional narrative considered collectively
goosequill
C2+
/ˈɡuːsˌkwɪl/
a large feather from a goose prepared for use as a writing pen
Art & Music (54)
renaissance
C2+
/ˈɹɛnəˌsɑns/
Any similar artistic or intellectual revival.
temperance
C2+
/ˈtɛmpəɹəns/
Habitual moderation in regard to the indulgence of the natural appetites and passions; restrained or moderate indulgence.
treble
C2+
/ˈtɹɛbəl/
three times as great or many
unearth
C2+
/ʌnˈɜː(ɹ)θ/
bring to light
pursuant
C2+
/pɚˈsu.ənt/
That pursues.
saturate
C2+
/ˈsatjʊɹeɪt/
To cause to become completely permeated with, or soaked (especially with a liquid).
self-styled
C2+
as claimed by and for yourself often without justification
mendicant
C2+
/ˈmɛn.dɪ.kənt/
practicing beggary
suppliant
C2+
/ˈsʌpliənt/
humbly entreating
factitious
C2+
/fækˈtɪʃəs/
not produced by natural forces
macerate
C2+
/ˈmæs.ə.ɹeɪt/
soften, usually by steeping in liquid, and cause to disintegrate as a result
emaciate
C2+
/ɪˈmeɪ̯.ʃiˌeɪ̯t/
grow weak and thin or waste away physically
maculate
C2+
/ˈmækjʊleɪt/
To spot; to stain; to blur.
first-nighter
C2+
/ˌfɝːstˈnaɪtɚ/
a person who regularly attends the opening nights of plays or other theatrical productions
duet
C2+
/duˈɛt/
a musical composition or performance for two performers
bop
C2+
/bɑp/
to hit lightly; to dance to popular music; a style of jazz
graphical
C2+
/ˈɡræfɪkəl/
relating to visual art or to vivid, detailed depiction
accompaniment
C2+
/əˈkʌmpənimənt/
something that accompanies, especially music supporting a soloist
docent
C2+
/ˈdoʊsənt/
a guide who leads tours and explains exhibits at a museum or gallery
suspire
C2+
/səˈspaɪər/
to breathe out or sigh; to draw breath
thespian
C2+
/ˈθɛspiən/
an actor or actress; relating to drama and the theatre
cakewalk
C2+
/ˈkeɪkˌwɔk/
something easily accomplished; a strutting dance of African American origin
joss
C2+
/ˈdʒɑs/
a Chinese idol or cult image; luck or fortune
abstractionist
C2+
/æbˈstrækʃənɪst/
an artist who works in abstract forms rather than representation
Entertainment & Leisure (34)
tic-tac-toe
C2+
/ˌtɪk.tækˈtoʊ/
a game in which two players alternately mark a three-by-three grid and try to complete a row of three matching symbols
phantasmagoria
C2+
/ˌfæntæzməˈɡɔːɹi.ə/
a shifting sequence of strange or fantastic images
bo-peep
C2+
/ˌboʊˈpiːp/
an old name for peekaboo, or an act of appearing suddenly and hiding again
seven-up
C2+
/ˌsɛvənˈʌp/
a traditional American card game related to all fours in which seven points constitute a game
bash
C2+
/bæʃ/
to strike violently; (noun) a heavy blow or a lively party
ridicule
C2+
/ˈrɪdɪkjuːl/
mockery or derision; (verb) to make fun of contemptuously
divertisement
C2+
/dɪˈvɜrtɪsmənt/
an amusement or diversion; an entertainment (archaic)
restless
C2+
/ˈrɛstləs/
unable to rest or relax; constantly moving or uneasy
chiller
C2+
/ˈtʃɪlɚ/
a machine for cooling, or a frightening story or film
commencement
C2+
/kəˈmɛnsmənt/
a beginning, or a graduation ceremony
coronation
C2+
/ˌkɔrəˈneɪʃən/
the ceremony of crowning a sovereign
defection
C2+
/dɪˈfɛkʃən/
the act of abandoning a cause, party, or country
festivity
C2+
/fɛˈstɪvɪti/
joyful celebration; the activities of a feast or party
merriment
C2+
/ˈmɛrimənt/
gaiety and fun; lively cheerfulness
unbend
C2+
/ʌnˈbɛnd/
to straighten; to relax from formality or stiffness
unwind
C2+
/ʌnˈwaɪnd/
to undo something wound; to relax after tension or stress
decompress
C2+
/ˌdikəmˈprɛs/
to release from pressure or compression; to relax and unwind
gleek
C2+
/ɡlik/
a jest or gibe; to make a joke at someone's expense (archaic)
jest
C2+
/ˈdʒɛst/
a joke or playful remark; to speak or act in fun
afoul
C2+
/əˈfaʊl/
in collision or entanglement, especially with rules or another party
bicentennial
C2+
/ˌbaɪsɛnˈtɛniəl/
a two-hundredth anniversary or its celebration
celluloid
C2+
/ˈsɛljəˌlɔɪd/
a transparent flammable plastic once used for film and photographic stock
cinematic
C2+
/ˌsɪnəˈmætɪk/
relating to or having the qualities of cinema or film
feastful
C2+
/ˈfistfəl/
festive; characterized by feasting and celebration
Science & Research (73)
poker
C2+
/ˈpoʊkɚ/
One who pokes.
slate
C2+
/slet/
designate or schedule
malignant
C2+
/məˈlɪɡnənt/
Harmful, malevolent, injurious.
extort
C2+
/ɪkˈstɔː(ɹ)t/
obtain by coercion or intimidation
causeway
C2+
/ˈkɔːz.weɪ/
to provide with a causeway
unattainable
C2+
/ˌɐnəˈtæɪnəbəl/
impossible to achieve
infrasound
C2+
/ˈɪnfrəˌsaʊnd/
sound waves having a frequency below the human audible range (below about 20 Hz).
well-nigh
C2+
/ˌwɛlˈnaɪ/
Almost, nearly.
fulgurite
C2+
/ˈfʌlɡjəraɪt/
a glassy, often branching tube or crust formed when lightning fuses sand, soil, or rock
antihydrogen
C2+
/ˌæn.tiˈhaɪ.drə.dʒən/
the antimatter counterpart of hydrogen, whose atom consists of a positron bound to an antiproton
arachnologist
C2+
/əˌrækˈnɑːlədʒɪst/
a scientist who specializes in the study of spiders and other arachnids
fecundate
C2+
/ˈfɛkənˌdeɪt/
formal: to make an organism, egg, or reproductive structure fertile; to fertilize or impregnate
germplasm
C2+
/ˈdʒɝːmˌplæzəm/
the hereditary material of a species or breeding line, especially as transmitted through reproductive cells
mu-meson
C2+
/ˈmjuː ˌmez.ɑːn/
dated, the former name for the muon, used when that particle was mistakenly classified as a meson rather than a lepton
pi-meson
C2+
/ˈpaɪ ˌmez.ɑːn/
a pion, any of three unstable spin-zero mesons with positive, negative, or zero charge, formed from combinations of up and down quarks and antiquarks
interplanetarian
C2+
/ˌɪntərˌplænəˈtɛriən/
relating to travel, communication, or events between planets; interplanetary
ebullient
C2+
/ɪˈbʊljənt/
cheerful and full of energy; exuberant
languid
C2+
/ˈlæŋɡwɪd/
displaying a pleasant lack of energy or a relaxed slowness
notional
C2+
/ˈnoʊʃənəl/
existing only in theory or as a supposition; hypothetical
obligate
C2+
/ˈɑbləɡeɪt/
to bind legally or morally; in biology, restricted to one mode of life
sluggish
C2+
/ˈslʌɡɪʃ/
slow-moving, inactive, or lacking energy
enervate
C2+
/ˈɛnɚveɪt/
to weaken or drain of energy, strength, or vitality
lackadaisical
C2+
/ˌlækəˈdeɪzɪkəl/
lacking enthusiasm, energy, or determination
torpid
C2+
/ˈtɔrpɪd/
sluggish, inactive, or mentally dull; lacking energy
Mathematics & Measurement (107)
cord
C2+
/kɔɹd/
a line made of twisted fibers or threads
mattress
C2+
/ˈmætɹɪs/
A form of lagging, in particular for boilers.
laurel
C2+
/ˈlɔɹ.əl/
An evergreen shrub of species Laurus nobilis, having aromatic leaves of a lanceolate shape, with clusters of small, yellowish white flowers in their axils.
cuckoo
C2+
/ˈkuku/
Any of various birds, of the family Cuculidae within the order Cuculiformes, famous for laying its eggs in the nests of other species; but especially a common cuckoo (Cuculus canorus), that has a characteristic two-note call.
arc
C2+
/ɑɹk/
to an arch or curve
platinum
C2+
/ˈplæt.ɪn.əm/
Very expensive, or of very high quality
frantic
C2+
/ˈfɹæn.tɪk/
Insane, mentally unstable.
misconduct
C2+
/mɪskənˈdʌkt/
Behavior that is considered to be unacceptable.
space-time
C2+
/ˈspeɪˌstaɪm/
the four-dimensional coordinate system (3 dimensions of space and 1 of time) in which physical events are located
sphinx
C2+
/ˈsfɪŋks/
A creature with the head of a person and the body of an animal, commonly a lion.
self-control
C2+
/ˌsɛlf kənˈtɹoʊl/
The ability to control one's desires and impulses.
first-rate
C2+
/ˌfɝːˈstreɪt/
quite well, healthy, or ready-to-go
census
C2+
/ˈsɛnsəs/
to conduct a census
canton
C2+
/ˈkæntən/
A division of a political unit.
one-sided
C2+
/ˌwənˈsaɪdəd/
Partial or biased in favour of one faction or demographic group.
digit
C2+
/ˈdɪd͡ʒɪt/
one of the elements that collectively form a system of numeration
effeminate
C2+
/ɪˈfɛmɪnət/
Of a boy or man, exhibiting behavior or mannerisms considered typical of a woman or unmasculine.
lyre
C2+
/ˈlaɪ.ɚ/
to play the lyre
zigzag
C2+
/ˈzɪɡ.zæɡ/
in a zigzag course or on a zigzag path
vermilion
C2+
/vɚˈmɪl.jən/
A vivid red synthetic pigment made of mercury sulfide, cinnabar.
womanly
C2+
/ˈwʊmənli/
befitting or characteristic of a woman especially a mature woman
vestibule
C2+
/ˈvɛ.stəˌbjul/
A small entrance hall, antechamber, passage, or room between the outer door and the main hall, lobby, or interior of a building.
oblong
C2+
/ˈɑblɔŋ/
longer in one direction than across
self-consciousness
C2+
/ˌsɛlfˈkɑnʃəsnəs/
The awareness of the self as an entity.
Nature & Landscape (82)
marsh
C2+
/mɑɹʃ/
low wet land, often with grasses or reeds
ditchwater
C2+
/ˈdɪtʃˌwɔtɚ/
stagnant, usually dirty water collected in a roadside or field ditch
connatural
C2+
/kəˈnætʃərəl/
innate or belonging by nature; of the same nature
vale
C2+
/veɪl/
a valley, especially in literary or poetic usage
apogee
C2+
/ˈæpədʒiː/
the highest point; the point farthest from Earth in an orbit
brow
C2+
/braʊ/
the forehead, or the edge of a hill or cliff
dale
C2+
/deɪl/
a broad open valley, especially in northern England
immanent
C2+
/ˈɪmənənt/
existing or operating within; inherent and pervading the natural world
indeterminate
C2+
/ˌɪndɪˈtɜrmɪnət/
not exactly known, established, or fixed in nature or extent
innately
C2+
/ɪˈneɪtli/
in a way that is inborn or natural rather than learned
metamorphosis
C2+
/ˌmɛtəˈmɔrfəsɪs/
a complete change of form or nature, as a caterpillar into a butterfly
propensity
C2+
/prəˈpɛnsəti/
a natural inclination or tendency to behave in a particular way
strained
C2+
/streɪnd/
showing signs of tension or effort; not relaxed or natural
transmute
C2+
/trænzˈmjut/
to change in form, nature, or substance into something else
axiomatical
C2+
/ˌæksiəˈmætɪkəl/
self-evident; of the nature of an axiom
cataclysmal
C2+
/ˌkætəˈklɪzməl/
of the nature of a cataclysm; catastrophically destructive
excavation
C2+
/ˌɛkskəˈveɪʃən/
the act of digging out earth, or a site so dug
flair
C2+
/flɛr/
a natural talent or stylish distinctiveness
geologic
C2+
/ˌdʒiəˈlɑdʒɪk/
relating to the structure or history of the earth
holding
C2+
/ˈhoʊldɪŋ/
land, property, or assets owned or controlled by someone
inclination
C2+
/ˌɪnkləˈneɪʃən/
a natural tendency, leaning, or preference toward something
lethe
C2+
/ˈliθi/
forgetfulness or oblivion, after the mythical river of the dead
mound
C2+
/maʊnd/
a rounded heap or pile of earth or other material
observatory
C2+
/əbˈzɝvətɔri/
a building equipped for observing astronomical or natural phenomena
Animals (127)
spit
C2+
/ˈspɪt/
expel saliva, phlegm, or sputum from the mouth
pierce
C2+
/pɪɹs/
make a hole into
buffalo
C2+
/ˈbʌf.ə.loʊ/
any of several Old World animals resembling oxen including, e.g., water buffalo
spear
C2+
/spɪɹ/
pierce with a spear
lantern
C2+
/ˈlæ̝ntɚn/
An open structure of light material set upon a roof, to give light and air to the interior.
mast
C2+
/mæst/
The fruit of forest-trees (beech, oak, chestnut, pecan, etc.), especially if having fallen from the tree, used as fodder for pigs and other animals.
jackal
C2+
/ˈd͡ʒækəl/
an Old World nocturnal canine mammal closely related to the dog
walrus
C2+
/ˈwɑl.ɹəs/
A large Arctic marine mammal related to seals and having long tusks, tough, wrinkled skin, and four flippers, Odobenus rosmarus.
dun
C2+
/dʌn/
of a dull greyish brown to brownish grey color
full-grown
C2+
/ˈfʊlˌɡɹoʊn/
Fully developed in a broader sense; complete, at one’s height.
good-natured
C2+
/ɡʊdˈneɪtʃəd/
having an easygoing and cheerful disposition
squalid
C2+
/ˈskwɒlɪd/
Extremely dirty and unpleasant.
varmint
C2+
/ˈvɑɹmɪnt/
a troublesome wild pest, especially around farms
man-eater
C2+
/ˈmænˌiːtɚ/
an animal that has killed and eaten humans, especially a tiger, lion, crocodile, or shark
well-to-do
C2+
/ˌwɛltəˈdu/
Rich, prosperous, financially stable and comfortable.
looking-glass
C2+
/ˈlʊkɪŋ ˌɡlæs/
Synonym of mirror (“smooth surface that reflects light so as to give an image of what is in front of it”).
devilfish
C2+
/ˈdɛvəlˌfɪʃ/
any of several large or striking marine animals, especially an octopus or manta ray
vinchuca
C2+
/vɪnˈtʃuːkə/
a blood-feeding South American triatomine bug, especially Triatoma infestans, that may transmit the parasite causing Chagas disease
toxodon
C2+
/ˈtɑksəˌdɑn/
a large extinct herbivorous South American mammal of the genus Toxodon, a member of the hoofed-mammal order Notoungulata
birdcatcher
C2+
/ˈbɝdˌkætʃɚ/
a person who catches or traps wild birds
dimorphodon
C2+
/daɪˈmɔrfəˌdɑn/
an extinct long-tailed pterosaur of the genus Dimorphodon, known from the Early Jurassic period
babirusa
C2+
/ˌbɑːbiˈruːsə/
a wild pig of the Indonesian genus Babyrousa, whose adult males have long upper canine teeth that curve upward through the snout
necrophagous
C2+
/neˈkrɑːfəɡəs/
feeding on dead or decaying animal matter
ousel
C2+
/ˈuːzəl/
a blackbird or related thrush, especially in older or regional usage
Plants & Agriculture (78)
amen
C2+
/(ˌ)ɑːˈmɛn/
Certainly; verily.
errand
C2+
/ˈɛɹənd/
A journey undertaken to accomplish some task.
meadow
C2+
/ˈmɛd.oʊ̯/
A field or pasture; a piece of land either intentionally cultivated with grass or (especially) naturally covered with grass, especially one that is intended to be mown for hay or to be grazed.
scalp
C2+
/skælp/
the skin that covers the top of the head
inter
C2+
/ɪnˈtɚ/
To bury in a grave.
akin
C2+
/ʌˈkɪn/
Of persons, of the same kin; related by blood.
wigwam
C2+
/ˈwɪɡwɑːm/
Any more or less similar dwelling used by indigenous people in other parts of the world.
ombu
C2+
/ɑːmˈbuː/
a massive, fast-growing South American plant, Phytolacca dioica, with a broad trunk of soft water-rich tissue and a wide evergreen crown
cowpath
C2+
/ˈkaʊˌpæθ/
a path made or regularly used by cows, especially between pasture and barnyard
alerce
C2+
/əˈlɝːsə/
a very large, long-lived evergreen tree of southern Chile and Argentina, Fitzroya cupressoides, valued for its durable reddish wood
muckheap
C2+
/ˈmʌkˌhiːp/
a pile of manure, refuse, or other decaying farmyard waste
ergotism
C2+
/ˈɜrɡəˌtɪzəm/
poisoning caused by eating fungus-infected grain, causing convulsions or gangrene
beray
C2+
/bɪˈreɪ/
to befoul, defile, or soil thoroughly
besmirch
C2+
/bɪˈsmɝtʃ/
to soil or to damage someone's reputation or honor
enlarge
C2+
/ɛnˈlɑrdʒ/
to make or grow larger; to expand
befilth
C2+
/bɪˈfɪlθ/
to make filthy; to soil thoroughly
bemud
C2+
/bɪˈmʌd/
to soil or bespatter with mud
bloomer
C2+
/ˈblumər/
a stupid mistake; also a plant that flowers
buttercup
C2+
/ˈbʌtərˌkʌp/
a yellow-flowered wild plant of the genus Ranunculus
eradicative
C2+
/ɪˈrædɪkeɪtɪv/
tending or serving to eradicate or root out completely
soy
C2+
/sɔɪ/
the soybean plant or products made from it
ananas
C2+
/əˈnænəs/
a pineapple, or the plant bearing it
chaff
C2+
/tʃæf/
the husks of grain separated from the seed; worthless matter; to tease
engraft
C2+
/ɛnˈɡræft/
to insert a shoot into another plant, or to fix firmly into something
Weather & Climate (39)
rime
C2+
/ɹaɪm/
a white frost of ice crystals on a cold surface
unsunned
C2+
/ʌnˈsʌnd/
not exposed to or reached by sunlight
brisk
C2+
/brɪsk/
quick and energetic; pleasantly cool and invigorating
dank
C2+
/dæŋk/
unpleasantly damp, cold, and humid
balmy
C2+
/ˈbɑmi/
pleasantly warm and mild, of weather
blizzard
C2+
/ˈblɪzɚd/
a severe snowstorm with high winds and reduced visibility
clement
C2+
/ˈklɛmənt/
mild and merciful; pleasant in weather
deluge
C2+
/ˈdɛljudʒ/
a great flood or overwhelming flow of something
flurry
C2+
/ˈflɜri/
a sudden brief burst of activity, snow, or excitement
glacial
C2+
/ˈɡleɪʃəl/
relating to ice or glaciers; extremely cold or slow
inclement
C2+
/ɪnˈklɛmənt/
unpleasantly cold, wet, or stormy, of weather
chilled
C2+
/tʃɪld/
made cold, especially pleasantly so
droughty
C2+
/ˈdraʊti/
characterized by drought; dry and parched
frosted
C2+
/ˈfrɔstɪd/
covered with frost; given a matte or icy surface
hydrometeor
C2+
/ˌhaɪdroʊˈmitiɚ/
any atmospheric water in liquid or solid form, such as rain, snow, or fog
inundation
C2+
/ˌɪnənˈdeɪʃən/
a flood; an overwhelming abundance of something
neve
C2+
/neɪˈveɪ/
granular snow that has not yet compacted into glacial ice; an expanse of such snow
precipitation
C2+
/prɪˌsɪpɪˈteɪʃən/
rain, snow, or other water falling from the sky; hasty action
ashcake
C2+
/ˈæʃˌkeɪk/
a cornmeal cake baked in hot ashes or embers
baking
C2+
/ˈbeɪkɪŋ/
the act of cooking by dry oven heat; intensely hot
chilliness
C2+
/ˈtʃɪlinəs/
a state of being cold, or coldness of manner
entwine
C2+
/ɛnˈtwaɪn/
to twist or wind together so as to intertwine
fogbow
C2+
/ˈfɑɡboʊ/
a faint whitish arc like a rainbow formed by fog droplets
fogginess
C2+
/ˈfɑɡinəs/
the state of being obscured by fog or of being mentally unclear
Environment & Ecology (14)
contamination
C2+
/kənˌtæməˈneɪʃən/
the act or state of making something impure or polluted
taint
C2+
/teɪnt/
to contaminate or corrupt; a trace of contamination
conservationist
C2+
/ˌkɑnsɚˈveɪʃənɪst/
a person who advocates protection of the environment and wildlife
ecologic
C2+
/ˌikəˈlɑdʒɪk/
relating to ecology or the relationship of organisms to their environment
environmentalism
C2+
/ɛnˌvaɪrənˈmɛntəlɪzəm/
concern for and advocacy of the protection of the natural environment
hothouse
C2+
/ˈhɑtˌhaʊs/
a heated greenhouse for growing delicate plants; a forcing environment
matrix
C2+
/ˈmeɪtrɪks/
an environment in which something develops; a rectangular array of numbers
acclimatize
C2+
/əˈklaɪmətaɪz/
to become accustomed to a new climate or environment
adaptedness
C2+
/əˈdæptɪdnəs/
the state of being well suited to an environment or purpose
autotype
C2+
/ˈɔtoʊˌtaɪp/
a photographic carbon printing process, or a facsimile so produced
charcoal
C2+
/ˈtʃɑrˌkoʊl/
a black porous form of carbon made by heating wood without air
chokedamp
C2+
/ˈtʃoʊkˌdæmp/
suffocating carbon-dioxide-laden air in a mine
co-adaptation
C2+
/ˌkoʊˌædæpˈteɪʃən/
mutual or coordinated adaptation between species, organs, traits, or genes
nullipore
C2+
/ˈnʌləˌpɔːr/
historical biology: a lime-secreting coralline alga, formerly classified among animals or treated as a distinct group of simple sea plants
Places & Geography (41)
constituent
C2+
/kənˈstɪtʃuənt/
a component part of something, or a voter in a district
bucolic
C2+
/bjuˈkɑlɪk/
relating to the pleasant aspects of rural or pastoral life
chapiter
C2+
/ˈtʃæpɪtɚ/
the capital or uppermost part of a column or pillar
deport
C2+
/dɪˈpɔrt/
to expel a foreigner from a country, typically on legal grounds
environs
C2+
/ɪnˈvaɪrənz/
the surrounding area or district of a place
principality
C2+
/ˌprɪnsɪˈpælɪti/
a state or territory ruled by a prince
constabulary
C2+
/kənˈstæbjəˌlɛri/
the police force of a district or country
dominion
C2+
/dəˈmɪnjən/
sovereignty or control; a territory under a single ruler
incursion
C2+
/ɪnˈkɜrʒən/
a sudden invasion or raid into another's territory
independency
C2+
/ˌɪndɪˈpɛndənsi/
the state of independence; a self-governing territory or church polity
metropolis
C2+
/məˈtrɑpəlɪs/
a large, important city, often a regional capital
municipality
C2+
/mjuˌnɪsəˈpæləti/
a town or district with its own local self-government
nationally
C2+
/ˈnæʃənəli/
with respect to the whole nation; throughout a country
riding
C2+
/ˈraɪdɪŋ/
an administrative or electoral district, especially in Canada
unannexed
C2+
/ˌʌnəˈnɛkst/
not annexed or joined; not incorporated into a larger territory
annexation
C2+
/ˌænɛkˈseɪʃən/
the act of incorporating territory into an existing state
arcadia
C2+
/ɑrˈkeɪdiə/
an idealized region of rural peace and simple, pastoral contentment
areal
C2+
/ˈɛriəl/
of or relating to an area or surface region
babylon
C2+
/ˈbæbəlɑn/
an ancient Mesopotamian city, often used for a place of luxury or corruption
calaboose
C2+
/ˈkæləˌbus/
a local jail or lockup
collaborationism
C2+
/kəˌlæbəˈreɪʃəˌnɪzəm/
cooperation with an enemy occupying one's country
continental
C2+
/ˌkɑntəˈnɛntəl/
relating to a continent, especially mainland Europe
councilman
C2+
/ˈkaʊnsəlmən/
a male member of a town or city council
councilwoman
C2+
/ˈkaʊnsəlˌwʊmən/
a female member of a town or city council
Law & Government (278)
labyrinth
C2+
/ˈlæb.ə.ɹɪnθ/
A maze-like structure built by Daedalus in Knossos, containing the Minotaur.
litigation
C2+
/ˌlɪtɪˈɡeɪ̯ʃən/
The conduct of a lawsuit.
prelude
C2+
/ˈpɹeɪl(j)uːd/
An introductory or preliminary performance or event.
verboten
C2+
/ˌfəɹˈboʊt(ə)n/
excluded from use or mention
urbane
C2+
/ɜɹˈbeɪn/
Of a person (usually a man): having refined manners; courteous, polite, suave.
self-government
C2+
/ˈsɛlfˈgʌvɝnmənt/
The governance of a region by its own populace; autonomy.
fungible
C2+
/ˈfʌndʒɪbəl/
Any fungible item.
comity
C2+
/ˈkɒmɪti/
Courtesy and considerate behaviour towards others; social harmony.
defalcate
C2+
/ˈdɛfəɫkeɪt/
appropriate property entrusted to one's care fraudulently to one's own use
prepense
C2+
/pɹɪˈpɛns/
planned or considered beforehand; premeditated, chiefly in the legal phrase malice prepense
perquisition
C2+
/ˌpɝkwəˈzɪʃən/
A thorough inquiry or search.
authorization
C2+
/ˌɔθɚrɪˈzeɪʃən/
official permission or sanction to do something
authoritarian
C2+
/əˌθɔrɪˈtɛriən/
favouring strict obedience to authority over personal freedom
dormant
C2+
/ˈdɔrmənt/
temporarily inactive or in a state of suspended development
abeyant
C2+
/əˈbeɪənt/
temporarily suspended or in a state of latency
contentedness
C2+
/kənˈtɛntɪdnəs/
the state of being satisfied and at ease
crestfallenness
C2+
/ˈkrɛstˌfɔlənnəs/
the state of being dejected or dispirited
delightedness
C2+
/dɪˈlaɪtɪdnəs/
the state of being greatly pleased or joyful
vexation
C2+
/vɛkˈseɪʃən/
the state of being annoyed or frustrated; a cause of such
abasement
C2+
/əˈbeɪsmənt/
the act of humbling or degrading; a state of humiliation
aloneness
C2+
/əˈloʊnnəs/
the state of being alone; solitude
commotion
C2+
/kəˈmoʊʃən/
a state of confused and noisy disturbance
licit
C2+
/ˈlɪsɪt/
permitted by law; lawful
observance
C2+
/əbˈzɜrvəns/
the keeping of a law, custom, or ritual
Politics & International Affairs (25)
serenity
C2+
/səˈɹɛnɪti/
The state of being serene; calmness; peacefulness.
preamble
C2+
/ˈpriˌæmb(ə)l/
To speak or write a preamble; to provide a preliminary statement or set of remarks.
restive
C2+
/ˈɹɛstɪv/
impatient especially under restriction or delay
sagacious
C2+
/səˈɡeɪʃəs/
skillful in statecraft or management
juvenescence
C2+
the state of being a youth
crusade
C2+
/kruˈseɪd/
a vigorous campaign for a cause or against an evil
politico
C2+
/pəˈlɪtɪˌkoʊ/
a politician or person engaged in party politics (often disparaging)
adulter
C2+
/əˈdʌltɚ/
to corrupt or debase by adding a foreign substance; to adulterate
democratical
C2+
/ˌdɛməˈkrætɪkəl/
of or relating to democracy; democratic
envoy
C2+
/ˈɛnvɔɪ/
a messenger or diplomatic representative
identic
C2+
/aɪˈdɛntɪk/
identical, especially of diplomatic notes worded the same by several powers
nationalism
C2+
/ˈnæʃənəlɪzəm/
devotion to one's nation, often with the belief in its superiority or independence
signatory
C2+
/ˈsɪɡnəˌtɔri/
a party who has signed an agreement or treaty
antinational
C2+
/ˌæntiˈnæʃənəl/
opposed to the nation or its interests; unpatriotic
colonialism
C2+
/kəˈloʊniəˌlɪzəm/
the policy of one nation controlling and exploiting another territory
democratist
C2+
/dɪˈmɑkrətɪst/
an advocate or supporter of democracy
ethicopolitical
C2+
/ˌɛθɪkoʊpəˈlɪtɪkəl/
relating to both ethics and politics together
expansionism
C2+
/ɪkˈspænʃəˌnɪzəm/
a policy of extending a nation's territory or economic influence
fanaticism
C2+
/fəˈnætɪˌsɪzəm/
excessive, uncritical zeal, especially in religion or politics
ideologic
C2+
/ˌaɪdiəˈlɑdʒɪk/
of or relating to ideology or a system of ideas
jacobinic
C2+
/ˌdʒækəˈbɪnɪk/
of or characteristic of radical revolutionary politics
ministerial
C2+
/ˌmɪnəˈstɪriəl/
relating to a government minister or to the clergy
multipartisan
C2+
/ˌmʌltiˈpɑrtəzən/
involving or supported by several political parties
pourparler
C2+
/ˌpʊr.pɑːrˈleɪ/
an informal or preliminary discussion held before formal negotiations
Crime & Justice (38)
safecracking
C2+
/ˈseɪfˌkræk.ɪŋ/
the practice of defeating a safe's or vault's security mechanisms in order to open it, especially illegally
snitcher
C2+
/ˈsnɪtʃɚ/
an informer who secretly reports another person's wrongdoing to the police or another authority
purloiner
C2+
/pərˈlɔɪnər/
a person who steals or takes something dishonestly
sham
C2+
/ʃæm/
a fraud or pretence; fake; to feign
delinquency
C2+
/dɪˈlɪŋkwənsi/
minor crime or a failure to meet an obligation
justiciary
C2+
/dʒʌˈstɪʃiˌɛri/
an officer who administers justice, or relating to the administration of justice
nocent
C2+
/ˈnoʊsənt/
harmful or injurious; guilty
punition
C2+
/pjuˈnɪʃən/
the act of punishing; punishment
castigation
C2+
/ˌkæstɪˈɡeɪʃən/
severe criticism or punishment
unjust
C2+
/ʌnˈdʒʌst/
not fair or in accordance with justice
chastisement
C2+
/ˈtʃæstəzmənt/
severe punishment or rebuke
childlike
C2+
/ˈtʃaɪldˌlaɪk/
having the innocent or trusting qualities of a child
committal
C2+
/kəˈmɪtəl/
the act of consigning, as to prison, custody, or the grave
dovelike
C2+
/ˈdʌvlaɪk/
resembling a dove; gentle, innocent, or peaceable
lenient
C2+
/ˈliniənt/
merciful or tolerant, especially in punishment
abscond
C2+
/əbˈskɑnd/
to depart secretly and hurriedly, especially to avoid arrest or with stolen funds
admissible
C2+
/ædˈmɪsəbəl/
acceptable or allowable, especially as evidence in court
bastille
C2+
/bæˈstil/
a fortress or prison
criminate
C2+
/ˈkrɪməˌneɪt/
to accuse of or charge with a crime; to incriminate
crimination
C2+
/ˌkrɪməˈneɪʃən/
the act of accusing someone of a crime; an accusation
damnation
C2+
/dæmˈneɪʃən/
condemnation to eternal punishment in hell
exploratory
C2+
/ɪkˈsplɔrətɔri/
relating to or carried out for the purpose of investigation
fraudful
C2+
/ˈfrɔdfəl/
full of fraud; deceitful or treacherous
fraudulent
C2+
/ˈfrɔdʒələnt/
obtained, done, or characterized by deception or fraud
War & Conflict (67)
maid
C2+
/meɪd/
An adult or adolescent female servant or cleaner (short for maidservant). (In feudal times this could be anyone from a high-ranking assistant to a low-ranking cleaner.)
cannon
C2+
/ˈkæn.ən/
a large heavy gun for firing metal balls or shells
ransom
C2+
/ˈɹæn.səm/
Money paid for the freeing of a hostage.
gin
C2+
/d͡ʒɪn/
trap with a snare
dungeon
C2+
/ˈdʌn.d͡ʒən/
An underground prison or vault, typically built underneath a castle.
staircase
C2+
/ˈstɛɹˌkeɪs/
a way of access, upward and downward, consisting of a set of steps
bein
C2+
/biːn/
Wealthy; well-to-do.
self-respect
C2+
/ˌsɛlfrɪˈspɛkt/
The knowledge of one's own worth.
hammock
C2+
/ˈhæmək/
A swinging couch or bed, usually made of netting or canvas about six feet (1.8 meters) wide, suspended by clews or cords at the ends.
craven
C2+
/ˈkɹeɪ.vən/
Unwilling to fight; lacking even the rudiments of courage; extremely cowardly.
amiss
C2+
/əˈmɪs/
in an improper or mistaken or unfortunate manner
idly
C2+
/ˈaɪd(ə)lɪ/
in an idle manner
influx
C2+
/ˈɪnˌflʌks/
A flow inward or into something; a coming in.
cower
C2+
/ˈkaʊɚ/
To crouch or cringe, or to avoid or shy away from something, in fear.
north-east
C2+
/ˌnɔrˈθiːst/
to, toward, or in the northeast
calico
C2+
/ˈkæ.lɪ.koʊ/
having sections or patches colored differently and usually brightly
pare
C2+
/pɛɹ/
to decrease gradually or bit by bit
aide-de-camp
C2+
/ˌeɪd.dəˈkæmp/
a military officer serving as a confidential assistant to a senior officer or head of state
pince-nez
C2+
/pænsˈneɪ/
Templeless eyeglasses that clip to the bridge of the nose.
sighter
C2+
/ˈsaɪ.tɚ/
a preliminary or practice shot used to test aim, range, or conditions
jezail
C2+
/dʒəˈzeɪl/
a long-barreled Afghan matchlock or flintlock musket, often fired from a forked rest
savage
C2+
/ˈsævɪdʒ/
fierce, violent, or uncontrolled; (verb) to attack ferociously
peaceable
C2+
/ˈpisəbəl/
inclined to avoid conflict; peaceful in disposition
enlist
C2+
/ɪnˈlɪst/
to enroll in the armed forces, or to secure someone's help
Religion & Belief (98)
Jove
C2+
/dʒoʊv/
Jupiter, the chief god in Roman mythology, especially in literary references
nosferatu
C2+
/ˌnɑːsfəˈrɑːtuː/
a vampire, especially one represented as an undead and malignant creature
grimly
C2+
/ˈɡɹɪmli/
in a grim implacable manner
paean
C2+
/ˈpi.ən/
To sing a paean; to praise.
philander
C2+
/fɪˈlændəɹ/
To woo women; to play the male flirt.
predestinate
C2+
/pɹɪˈdɛstənət/
determined or arranged beforehand, especially by fate or divine will
pew-opener
C2+
/ˈpjuːˌoʊpənɚ/
historically, a church attendant who opened enclosed or reserved pews and showed worshippers to their seats
lotus-eater
C2+
/ˈloʊtəsˌiːtɚ/
in Greek mythology, one of a people whose lotus fruit made visitors forget their homes and lose the desire to leave
pre-Adamite
C2+
/ˌpriːˈæd.ə.maɪt/
a hypothetical person or member of a race believed to have existed before the biblical Adam
cerement
C2+
/ˈsɪr.mənt/
a shroud or waxed cloth in which a dead body is wrapped for burial, often used in the plural
lych-gate
C2+
/ˈlɪtʃˌɡeɪt/
a roofed gateway to a churchyard where a coffin traditionally rested before a funeral service
celestial
C2+
/səˈlɛstʃəl/
relating to the sky or heavens, or to heaven in a divine sense
hallow
C2+
/ˈhæloʊ/
to make holy or to honor as sacred
consecrate
C2+
/ˈkɑnsəˌkreɪt/
to make or declare sacred; to dedicate solemnly
abjure
C2+
/æbˈdʒʊr/
to solemnly renounce or reject a belief or claim
hallowed
C2+
/ˈhæloʊd/
regarded as holy or greatly revered
ineffable
C2+
/ɪnˈɛfəbəl/
too great or sacred to be expressed in words
earthly
C2+
/ˈɜrθli/
relating to the material world rather than the spiritual; worldly
eremite
C2+
/ˈɛrəˌmaɪt/
a religious recluse; a hermit (literary)
espouse
C2+
/ɪˈspaʊz/
to adopt or support a cause, belief, or way of life
fallacious
C2+
/fəˈleɪʃəs/
based on a mistaken belief or unsound reasoning
godlike
C2+
/ˈɡɑdˌlaɪk/
resembling or having the qualities of a god; divine or supremely excellent
irreligious
C2+
/ˌɪrɪˈlɪdʒəs/
indifferent or hostile to religion
perfidy
C2+
/ˈpɝfədi/
deceitfulness; treachery or breach of faith
Culture & History (32)
Anglo-Saxon
C2+
/ˌæŋ.ɡloʊˈsæk.sən/
a member of the Germanic-speaking peoples who settled in England from the fifth century and whose kingdoms preceded Norman rule
souteneur
C2+
/ˌsuː.təˈnɝː/
A man who protects, and commonly compels, a prostitute of any gender and lives off the earnings; a pimp. Originally a Parisian term, but since adopted into other languages such as English
nombril
C2+
/ˈnɑːmbrəl/
heraldry: the point midway between the center and the bottom of an escutcheon
lapidation
C2+
/ˌlæpɪˈdeɪʃən/
the act of pelting with stones
acculturation
C2+
/əˌkʌltʃəˈreɪʃən/
adoption of the cultural traits of another group
patronage
C2+
/ˈpeɪtrənɪdʒ/
support or custom given by a patron, or the power to grant appointments
pogrom
C2+
/ˈpoʊɡrəm/
an organized massacre, especially of an ethnic group
babylonian
C2+
/ˌbæbəˈloʊniən/
of ancient Babylon or its people, language, or culture
classicism
C2+
/ˈklæsəˌsɪzəm/
adherence to the principles of ancient Greek and Roman art and culture
conventionalism
C2+
/kənˈvɛnʃənəˌlɪzəm/
adherence to convention or established custom
decadence
C2+
/ˈdɛkədəns/
moral or cultural decline marked by self-indulgence
donjon
C2+
/ˈdɑndʒən/
the great central tower or keep of a medieval castle
ethnical
C2+
/ˈɛθnɪkəl/
of or relating to ethnic groups or races; ethnic
habitually
C2+
/həˈbɪtʃuəli/
as a regular practice or custom
hellenic
C2+
/hɛˈlɛnɪk/
relating to ancient or modern Greece, its people, or culture
imperially
C2+
/ɪmˈpɪriəli/
in a manner befitting an emperor or empire; majestically
nontraditional
C2+
/ˌnɑntrəˈdɪʃənəl/
not following tradition or convention
tithing
C2+
/ˈtaɪðɪŋ/
the practice of paying a tithe; a historical group of ten households
traditionalism
C2+
/trəˈdɪʃənəˌlɪzəm/
adherence to tradition, especially in opposition to change
unconventionally
C2+
/ˌʌnkənˈvɛnʃənəli/
in a way that departs from accepted custom or practice
through-stone
C2+
/ˈθruːˌstoʊn/
a flat horizontal tombstone or grave slab, especially in Scottish and northern English usage
death-sark
C2+
/ˈdɛθˌsɑːrk/
a shirt or garment put on a dead body for burial; a shroud
syssitia
C2+
/sɪˈsɪt.i.ə/
historical communal meals or dining groups for male citizens and youths in ancient Greece, especially in Sparta and Crete
logographer
C2+
/loʊˈɡɑɡrəfɚ/
an early ancient Greek prose writer who recorded genealogies, legends, local histories, or accounts of peoples and places
Materials & Substances (87)
flannel
C2+
/ˈflænəl/
A soft cloth material originally woven from wool, today often combined with cotton or synthetic fibers.
mendelevium
C2+
/ˌmɛn.dəˈli.vi.əm/
a synthetic radioactive metallic chemical element with atomic number 101 and symbol Md
lambswool
C2+
/ˈlæmz.wʊl/
soft wool or woolen fabric from the first shearing of young sheep
lawny
C2+
/ˈlɔni/
made of or resembling lawn, a fine, lightweight linen or cotton fabric
linsey-woolsey
C2+
/ˌlɪnziˈwʊlzi/
a coarse, sturdy fabric woven with a linen or cotton warp and a woolen weft
cherty
C2+
/ˈtʃɝːti/
containing, resembling, or composed largely of chert, a hard fine-grained siliceous rock
rutherfordium
C2+
/ˌɹʌðəɹˈfɔːɹdiəm/
a synthetic radioactive chemical element with atomic number 104 and symbol Rf
spilth
C2+
/spɪlθ/
Spillage; spilled material
orrisroot
C2+
/ˈɔɹ.ɪsˌɹuːt/
the dried, fragrant rhizome of certain irises, especially Iris pallida and Iris germanica
repellent
C2+
/rɪˈpɛlənt/
causing disgust or aversion; a substance that drives something away
alloy
C2+
/ˈælɔɪ/
a metal made by combining two or more elements
condense
C2+
/kənˈdɛns/
to make denser or more concise; to change from gas to liquid
inhalation
C2+
/ˌɪnhəˈleɪʃən/
the act of breathing air or another substance into the lungs
wring
C2+
/rɪŋ/
to squeeze and twist something to force out liquid
precipitate
C2+
/prɪˈsɪpɪteɪt/
to cause to happen suddenly; hasty; a solid separated from a solution
boracic
C2+
/bəˈræsɪk/
of or containing boric acid; British rhyming slang for penniless
dematerialization
C2+
/diˌmətɪriəˌləˈzeɪʃən/
the process of losing or seeming to lose material form or substance
immaterial
C2+
/ˌɪməˈtɪriəl/
unimportant or irrelevant; also, having no physical substance
runny
C2+
/ˈrʌni/
more liquid than is usual or expected; tending to flow
textile
C2+
/ˈtɛkstaɪl/
a type of cloth or woven fabric
adhesive
C2+
/ədˈhiːsɪv/
a substance used to stick objects together; sticky
admix
C2+
/ədˈmɪks/
to mingle or blend one substance with another
beefy
C2+
/ˈbifi/
muscular, brawny, or substantially solid
dilute
C2+
/daɪˈlut/
to make a liquid thinner or weaker by adding water or another substance
Tools, Machines & Construction (43)
rivet
C2+
/ˈɹɪvət/
a metal pin fastened by hammering one end flat
rat-trap
C2+
/ˈrætˌtræp/
a trap designed to catch or kill rats, typically by snapping shut
vomitorium
C2+
/ˌvɑː.məˈtɔːr.i.əm/
architecture: a passage or entrance through or behind tiers of seats in a theater, amphitheater, or stadium, designed to let crowds enter or leave rapidly
turnscrew
C2+
/ˈtɝnˌskru/
a screwdriver or similar device for turning screws; now chiefly dated
uncock
C2+
/ʌnˈkɑk/
to lower or release the cock or hammer of a firearm from the firing position
dancette
C2+
/dænˈsɛt/
architecture: a molding or group of moldings arranged in a zigzag or chevron pattern
jerry-builder
C2+
/ˈd͡ʒɛɹiˌbɪldɚ/
a builder who puts up cheap, poorly made buildings, often quickly and for speculative profit
unroof
C2+
/ʌnˈruːf/
to remove or tear the roof from a building or other covered structure
thible
C2+
/ˈθaɪbəl/
Northern English and Scots: a stick used for stirring porridge or other food
sawblade
C2+
/ˈsɔːˌbleɪd/
the toothed cutting blade of a hand saw or powered sawing machine
bolthead
C2+
/ˈboʊltˌhɛd/
the enlarged head of a bolt, shaped to be turned or to hold the bolt in place
chopper
C2+
/ˈtʃɑpɚ/
a helicopter, or a tool for chopping
reconstruct
C2+
/ˌrikənˈstrʌkt/
to build again or to piece together how something happened
crystalline
C2+
/ˈkrɪstəlɪn/
having the structure or clarity of crystal; transparent
sturdy
C2+
/ˈstɝdi/
strongly and solidly built; robust
barrack
C2+
/ˈbærək/
a building housing soldiers; also to jeer or to shout support
intricate
C2+
/ˈɪntrɪkət/
very complicated or detailed in structure or arrangement
schematic
C2+
/skɪˈmætɪk/
represented in a simplified diagram showing structure or workings
shack
C2+
/ʃæk/
a roughly built hut or cabin
inbuilt
C2+
/ˈɪnˌbɪlt/
existing as an integral, built-in part of something
rig
C2+
/rɪɡ/
to manipulate dishonestly, or to assemble equipment and apparatus
underframework
C2+
/ˈʌndərˌfreɪmwɜrk/
an underlying supporting framework or structure
violoncello
C2+
/ˌviːələnˈtʃɛloʊ/
the full formal name for the cello, a bowed string instrument
archway
C2+
/ˈɑrtʃˌweɪ/
a curved structure forming a passage or entrance beneath an arch
Energy & Industry (22)
scarce
C2+
/skɛrs/
insufficient in supply; rarely found
throttle
C2+
/ˈθrɑːtəl/
to choke or strangle; to control the flow of fuel or power
electrify
C2+
/ɪˈlɛktrəˌfaɪ/
to charge with electricity; to thrill or excite intensely
potence
C2+
/ˈpoʊtəns/
power, potency, or strength
complemental
C2+
/ˌkɑmpləˈmɛntəl/
serving to complete or supply what is lacking; complementary
dictatorial
C2+
/ˌdɪktəˈtɔriəl/
having unlimited power; domineering and overbearing in manner
disenable
C2+
/ˌdɪsɪˈneɪbəl/
to deprive of power or ability; to disable
energize
C2+
/ˈɛnɚdʒaɪz/
to give vitality and enthusiasm to; to supply with energy
potentate
C2+
/ˈpoʊtənˌteɪt/
a ruler with great power; a monarch or sovereign
autocratic
C2+
/ˌɔtəˈkrætɪk/
ruling with absolute power; domineering
glut
C2+
/ɡlʌt/
an excessive supply; to supply or fill to excess
clout
C2+
/klaʊt/
influence or power; informally, a heavy blow
communism
C2+
/ˈkɑmjəˌnɪzəm/
a system advocating communal ownership of the means of production
conduction
C2+
/kənˈdʌkʃən/
the transmission of heat, electricity, or signals through a medium
economizer
C2+
/ɪˈkɑnəˌmaɪzɚ/
a device that saves energy or fuel, especially in a boiler
fetish
C2+
/ˈfɛtɪʃ/
an object of irrational devotion, or an item believed to hold magic power
juju
C2+
/ˈdʒudʒu/
a charm or fetish believed to hold magical power
merciful
C2+
/ˈmɝsɪfəl/
showing compassion or forgiveness toward those in one's power
supercharge
C2+
/ˈsupɚtʃɑrdʒ/
to increase the power or energy of something dramatically
throne
C2+
/θroʊn/
the ceremonial seat of a monarch; royal power itself
volition
C2+
/voʊˈlɪʃən/
the faculty or power of using one's will; a deliberate choice
wellspring
C2+
/ˈwɛl.sprɪŋ/
a source of continual supply, especially of something abstract
Safety & Risk (41)
cave-in
C2+
/ˈkeɪvˌɪn/
the sudden collapse of earth, rock, a roof, or another enclosing structure
watchout
C2+
/ˈwɑtʃˌaʊt/
the act or state of keeping watch for danger, trouble, or something expected
peril
C2+
/ˈpɛrəl/
serious and immediate danger; to imperil
deleterious
C2+
/ˌdɛləˈtɪriəs/
causing harm or damage, especially gradually
innocuous
C2+
/ɪˈnɑkjuəs/
not harmful or offensive; harmless
injurious
C2+
/ɪnˈdʒʊriəs/
causing or likely to cause harm or damage
mishap
C2+
/ˈmɪsˌhæp/
an unlucky accident, usually minor
admonition
C2+
/ˌædməˈnɪʃən/
a gentle but earnest warning or rebuke
nocuous
C2+
/ˈnɑkjuəs/
harmful, noxious, or poisonous
overreach
C2+
/ˌoʊvərˈritʃ/
to extend or exert oneself beyond a safe or proper limit
perilous
C2+
/ˈpɛrələs/
full of danger or risk
admonishment
C2+
/ædˈmɑnɪʃmənt/
a gentle or earnest reproof or warning
beshield
C2+
/bɪˈʃild/
to shield, protect, or cover as with a shield
dangersome
C2+
/ˈdeɪndʒɚsəm/
fraught with danger; perilous
disastrously
C2+
/dɪˈzæstrəsli/
in a way that causes great damage, ruin, or failure
imprudent
C2+
/ɪmˈprudənt/
lacking caution or foresight; unwise
jeopardy
C2+
/ˈdʒɛpərdi/
danger of loss, harm, or failure; legal risk of conviction
mischance
C2+
/mɪsˈtʃæns/
bad luck or an unfortunate accident
noxious
C2+
/ˈnɑkʃəs/
harmful, poisonous, or very unpleasant
poisonously
C2+
/ˈpɔɪzənəsli/
in a venomous or toxically harmful manner
polluted
C2+
/pəˈlutɪd/
contaminated with harmful or unclean substances
undamaging
C2+
/ʌnˈdæmɪdʒɪŋ/
not causing damage or harm
wreak
C2+
/riːk/
to cause or inflict (harm, damage, or vengeance)
admonitory
C2+
/ədˈmɑnɪˌtɔri/
giving or conveying a warning or gentle reproof
Social Issues & Human Rights (18)
self-immolation
C2+
/ˌsɛlf ˌɪməˈleɪʃən/
The act of setting oneself on fire, especially as a form of protest.
tort
C2+
/tɔrt/
a wrongful act causing harm for which civil liability may arise
humanitarianism
C2+
/hjuˌmænɪˈtɛriəˌnɪzəm/
the practice or doctrine of promoting human welfare and reducing suffering
penury
C2+
/ˈpɛnjəri/
extreme poverty or destitution
remonstration
C2+
/ˌrɛmənˈstreɪʃən/
a forceful protest or objection
acquiesce
C2+
/ˌækwiˈɛs/
to accept or comply reluctantly without protest
acquiescence
C2+
/ˌækwiˈɛsəns/
reluctant acceptance or passive agreement without protest
activism
C2+
/ˈæktɪvɪzəm/
the practice of vigorous campaigning to bring about social or political change
apartheid
C2+
/əˈpɑrtaɪt/
a system of institutionalized racial segregation and discrimination
inequation
C2+
/ˌɪnɪˈkweɪʒən/
a mathematical statement that two quantities are not equal; an inequality
necessitous
C2+
/nəˈsɛsətəs/
lacking the means of subsistence; needy or poverty-stricken
nonforfeiture
C2+
/ˌnɑnˈfɔrfətʃər/
the retention of value or rights that would otherwise be forfeited
permissive
C2+
/pərˈmɪsɪv/
allowing freedom of behavior; lenient or tolerant
remonstratingly
C2+
/rɪˈmɑnstreɪtɪŋli/
in a manner expressing protest or earnest objection
trammel
C2+
/ˈtræməl/
a restraint or hindrance; to restrict or impede freedom
unequality
C2+
/ˌʌnɪˈkwɑləti/
lack of equality; disparity
woke
C2+
/woʊk/
alert to social injustice and discrimination, or the past tense of wake
unemancipable
C2+
/ˌʌnɪˈmænsəpəbəl/
incapable of being emancipated, freed, or released from control
Ethics & Social Judgment (105)
feasible
C2+
/ˈfi.zə.bəl/
Able to be done in practice.
remiss
C2+
/ɹəˈmɪs/
At fault; failing to fulfill responsibility, duty, or obligations.
principled
C2+
/ˈpɹɪnsɪpəld/
based on or manifesting objectively defined standards of rightness or morality
leastways
C2+
/ˈliːstˌweɪz/
at least
novitiate
C2+
/nəˈvɪʃi.ət/
The period during which a novice of a religious order undergoes training.
ill-intentioned
C2+
/ˌɪl ɪnˈtɛnʃənd/
having harmful, dishonest, or malevolent intentions
esteemable
C2+
/ɪˈstiːməbəl/
worthy of esteem, respect, or admiration
machinate
C2+
/ˈmækɪneɪt/
arrange by systematic planning and united effort
discountenance
C2+
/dɪsˈkaʊntənəns/
formal or dated: to disapprove of something and discourage, withhold support from, or refuse to tolerate it
censure
C2+
/ˈsɛnʃɚ/
to express formal or severe disapproval of someone or something
esteem
C2+
/ɪˈstim/
respect and admiration felt for a person or thing
abase
C2+
/əˈbeɪs/
to lower in rank, dignity, or esteem; to humble
belaud
C2+
/bɪˈlɔd/
to praise extravagantly or excessively
bepraise
C2+
/bɪˈpreɪz/
to praise greatly or lavishly (archaic)
demean
C2+
/dɪˈmin/
to lower in dignity or status; to debase
disrespect
C2+
/ˌdɪsrɪˈspɛkt/
lack of respect or courtesy; to treat with rudeness
extol
C2+
/ɪkˈstoʊl/
to praise enthusiastically and highly
absolve
C2+
/əbˈzɑlv/
to free someone from blame, guilt, or obligation
estimable
C2+
/ˈɛstɪməbəl/
worthy of great respect or esteem
propriety
C2+
/prəˈpraɪɪti/
conformity to accepted standards of behaviour or morals
blameworthy
C2+
/ˈbleɪmˌwɝði/
deserving of blame or censure
equitable
C2+
/ˈɛkwɪtəbəl/
fair and impartial; just in dealing with all parties
commendable
C2+
/kəˈmɛndəbəl/
deserving praise or approval
confound
C2+
/kənˈfaʊnd/
to confuse or to prove wrong
Cause, Change & Process (211)
offset
C2+
/ˈɔf.sɛt/
produce by offset printing
causal
C2+
/ˈkɔ.zəl/
Of, relating to, or being a cause of something; causing.
polarize
C2+
/ˈpoʊ.lə.ɹaɪz/
To cause to have a polarization.
draggle
C2+
/ˈdræɡəl/
to make or become wet, dirty, or bedraggled by trailing through mud or water
counteractant
C2+
/ˌkaʊntɚˈæktənt/
a thing that counteracts, offsets, or reduces the effect of something else
pullulate
C2+
/ˈpʊl.jəˌleɪt/
formal: to multiply, breed, or increase rapidly and abundantly
ruinate
C2+
/ˈɹuːɪneɪt/
To reduce to ruins; to destroy.
uglify
C2+
/ˈʌɡ.lɪ.faɪ/
to make a person, place, or thing ugly or less attractive
attemper
C2+
/əˈtɛmpər/
archaic: to moderate, soften, or adjust something by blending it with another quality
dissimilate
C2+
/dɪˈsɪmɪleɪt/
rare: to make two or more things unlike, or to become less similar
aggravate
C2+
/ˈæɡrəˌveɪt/
to make a problem worse, or to annoy someone
darken
C2+
/ˈdɑɹkən/
to make or become dark or gloomy
resistant
C2+
/rɪˈzɪstənt/
able to withstand or opposing the effect of something
annihilate
C2+
/əˈnaɪəˌleɪt/
to destroy completely or reduce to nothing
decrement
C2+
/ˈdɛkrəmənt/
a reduction or decrease in amount; to reduce by steps
ameliorate
C2+
/əˈmiljəˌreɪt/
to make better or more tolerable; to improve
efficacious
C2+
/ˌɛfɪˈkeɪʃəs/
effective in producing a desired result
augment
C2+
/ɔɡˈmɛnt/
to make greater by adding to; to increase
changeable
C2+
/ˈtʃeɪndʒəbəl/
liable to change; able to be altered or varied
consequential
C2+
/ˌkɑnsəˈkwɛnʃəl/
following as a result or important in effect
entail
C2+
/ɪnˈteɪl/
to involve something as a necessary consequence
futile
C2+
/ˈfjutəl/
incapable of producing any useful result; pointless
potency
C2+
/ˈpoʊtənsi/
the power or strength of something to produce an effect
alteration
C2+
/ˌɔltəˈreɪʃən/
a change or modification to something
Abstract Ideas (196)
metaphysics
C2+
/ˌmɛtəˈfɪzɪks/
the branch of philosophy studying being and reality
pre-Socratic
C2+
/ˌpɹiːsəˈkɹætɪk/
relating to Greek philosophy before Socrates or independent of his influence
matter-of-factness
C2+
/ˌmæt.ɚ.əvˈfækt.nəs/
The state or quality of being matter-of-fact
otiose
C2+
/ˈoʊʃiˌoʊs/
serving no practical purpose; futile or idle
earmark
C2+
/ˈɪrmɑrk/
to set aside funds or resources for a particular purpose
intentional
C2+
/ɪnˈtɛnʃənəl/
done on purpose; deliberate
nonsensical
C2+
/nɑnˈsɛnsɪkəl/
having no meaning or making no sense
potentiality
C2+
/pəˌtɛnʃiˈæləti/
latent capacity for development or achievement
abnormality
C2+
/ˌæbnɔrˈmæləti/
an abnormal feature, characteristic, or occurrence
entirety
C2+
/ɪnˈtaɪərti/
the whole of something; completeness
manifestation
C2+
/ˌmænəfɛˈsteɪʃən/
an event or sign that shows something clearly
ornamentation
C2+
/ˌɔrnəmɛnˈteɪʃən/
decorative details added to something for adornment
postulate
C2+
/ˈpɑstʃəˌleɪt/
to assume the existence of something as a basis for reasoning
booty
C2+
/ˈbuti/
valuable goods seized as plunder; loot
butty
C2+
/ˈbʌti/
a sandwich (British, dialectal)
conformance
C2+
/kənˈfɔrməns/
compliance with rules, standards, or specifications
forsooth
C2+
/fɔrˈsuθ/
indeed; in truth (archaic, now often used ironically)
rendition
C2+
/rɛnˈdɪʃən/
a performance or interpretation of something, or a translation
abnegation
C2+
/ˌæbnɪˈɡeɪʃən/
the renunciation or denial of something, especially self-interest
afterlife
C2+
/ˈæftɚlaɪf/
existence believed to follow death
devastation
C2+
/ˌdɛvəˈsteɪʃən/
severe and widespread destruction or ruin
intimacy
C2+
/ˈɪntəməsi/
close familiarity or personal closeness
mannerism
C2+
/ˈmænərɪzəm/
a habitual and distinctive gesture or way of speaking
peculiarity
C2+
/pɪˌkjuliˈærəti/
an odd or distinctive trait or characteristic
Actions & Processes (602)
get-out
C2+
/ˈɡɛtˌaʊt/
US informal, in like all get-out: to an extreme degree or with great speed or force
unloosen
C2+
/ˌʌnˈluː.sən/
to loosen or unfasten something that is tied, fixed, or held tightly
unstop
C2+
/ʌnˈstɑp/
to clear a blockage from an opening, pipe, or passage
unsling
C2+
/ʌnˈslɪŋ/
to remove something from a slung or hanging position
chouse
C2+
/t͡ʃaʊ̯s/
To cheat, to trick.
undig
C2+
/ʌnˈdɪɡ/
To undo the process of digging; to fill up (a hole or grave) or bury again (something unearthed).
besprinkle
C2+
/bɪˈsprɪŋkəl/
literary: to scatter drops, grains, or small particles over something; to sprinkle all over
unwrinkle
C2+
/ʌnˈrɪŋkəl/
To remove wrinkles from.
crimple
C2+
/ˈkrɪmpəl/
literary or archaic: to wrinkle, crinkle, curl, or crumple; to become wrinkled or curled
begird
C2+
/bɪˈɡɝd/
To bind with a band or girdle; to gird.
transportal
C2+
/tɹænˈspɔɹtəl/
the act or process of carrying something from one place to another; transport or conveyance; now rare
chivy
C2+
/ˈtʃɪv.i/
to chase, harry, or drive someone or something about persistently
unstring
C2+
/ʌnˈstrɪŋ/
to remove the string or strings from a bow, musical instrument, or similar object
snoozle
C2+
/ˈsnuːzəl/
regional: to nuzzle or push affectionately with the nose
desolate
C2+
/ˈdɛsələt/
deserted, bleak, and devoid of comfort or inhabitants
chuck
C2+
/tʃʌk/
to throw something carelessly, or to pat affectionately under the chin
compact
C2+
/kəmˈpækt/
closely and neatly packed together; an agreement or covenant
abet
C2+
/əˈbɛt/
to encourage or assist someone in a wrongdoing
abide
C2+
/əˈbaɪd/
to tolerate or endure; to remain or dwell
allowable
C2+
/əˈlaʊəbəl/
permissible within set rules or limits
dere
C2+
/dɪɹ/
to harm or injure (archaic/dialectal); also dialectal for dear
affront
C2+
/əˈfrʌnt/
an open insult or deliberate act of disrespect
apprise
C2+
/əˈpraɪz/
to inform or notify someone of something
bewray
C2+
/bɪˈreɪ/
to reveal or betray, especially unintentionally (archaic)
Word Formation & Derivatives (11)
moon-face
C2+
/ˈmuːnˌfeɪs/
a conspicuously round, full face resembling the disk of the moon
carrion
C2+
/ˈkæriən/
the decaying flesh of dead animals
changeling
C2+
/ˈtʃeɪndʒlɪŋ/
a child secretly substituted for another in folklore, esp. by fairies
dayspring
C2+
/ˈdeɪˌsprɪŋ/
literary or archaic term for dawn or daybreak
shortcoming
C2+
/ˈʃɔrtˌkʌmɪŋ/
a fault or failure to meet a standard; a defect
anglewing
C2+
/ˈæŋɡəlˌwɪŋ/
a butterfly with jagged, angular wing margins, of the genus Polygonia
casing
C2+
/ˈkeɪsɪŋ/
a protective outer cover or shell enclosing something
gadling
C2+
/ˈɡædlɪŋ/
a vagabond or idle wanderer; a spike on a gauntlet
keeping
C2+
/ˈkipɪŋ/
care, custody, or harmony with something
showing
C2+
/ˈʃoʊɪŋ/
a display, exhibition, or performance of something
woolgathering
C2+
/ˈwʊlˌɡæð.ɚ.ɪŋ/
absent-minded daydreaming or aimless musing
Register & Style (145)
susceptible
C2+
/səˈseptɪbl̩/
(often followed by `of' or `to') yielding readily to or capable of
devoid
C2+
/dɪˈvɔɪd/
Completely without; having none of.
crikey
C2+
/ˈkɹaɪ.ki/
informal, chiefly British and Australian: used to express surprise, amazement, alarm, or emphasis
begone
C2+
/biːˈɡɒn/
archaic or literary: a forceful command to go away
parody
C2+
/ˈpæɹədi/
To make a parody of something.
prologue
C2+
/ˈpɹoʊlɔɡ/
One who delivers a prologue.
assertive
C2+
/əˈsɝtɪv/
aggressively self-assured
dissolution
C2+
/ˌdɪsəˈluʃən/
Disintegration, or decomposition into fragments.
prithee
C2+
/ˈprɪði/
archaic: please; used to introduce or strengthen a request or question
cripes
C2+
/kɹaɪps/
a mild, old-fashioned exclamation of surprise, alarm, annoyance, or disbelief
forage
C2+
/ˈfoɹɪd͡ʒ/
wander and feed
oho
C2+
/oʊˈhoʊ/
an exclamation expressing surprise, discovery, or triumphant realization
petulant
C2+
/ˈpɛt͡ʃʊlənt/
Childishly irritable.
corrosion
C2+
/kəˈɹoʊʒən/
The gradual destruction or undermining of something.
egad
C2+
/iˈɡæd/
archaic: a mild exclamation expressing surprise, emphasis, outrage, or contempt
mannered
C2+
/ˈmænɝd/
having unnatural mannerisms
palatial
C2+
/pəˈleɪʃəl/
suitable for or like a palace
avast
C2+
/əˈvæst/
a nautical command to stop, cease, or hold fast
goo-goo
C2+
/ˈɡuːˌɡuː/
informal: lovingly sentimental or amorous, especially in the phrase goo-goo eyes
storied
C2+
/ˈstɔːɹid/
having an illustrious past
unimpeachable
C2+
/ˌənɪmˈpiːtʃəbəl/
beyond doubt or reproach
irreverent
C2+
/ˌɪˈrɛvɝənt/
showing lack of due respect or veneration
hotly
C2+
/ˈhɑːtli/
In a heated manner; intensely or vehemently.
proclivity
C2+
/pɹoʊˈklɪvɪti/
a natural inclination
General Vocabulary (138)
knobble
C2+
/ˈnɒb.əl/
a small knob
apex
C2+
/ˈeɪpɛks/
the highest point or culmination of something
kismet
C2+
/ˈkɪzmɛt/
destiny or fate
beau
C2+
/boʊ/
a woman's male admirer or boyfriend; a dandy
crux
C2+
/krʌks/
the decisive or most important point at issue
dusk
C2+
/dʌsk/
the darker stage of twilight before night
pastime
C2+
/ˈpæstaɪm/
an activity done regularly for enjoyment
throe
C2+
/θroʊ/
a sharp pang or spasm, especially in struggle or agony
acme
C2+
/ˈækmi/
the highest point of achievement or perfection
dame
C2+
/deɪm/
a woman of rank or, in British usage, a titled honorific equal to a knight
ellipsis
C2+
/ɪˈlɪpsɪs/
the omission of words, or the mark (…) indicating such omission
feck
C2+
/fɛk/
vigor or effectiveness; worth (Scots and Irish dialect)
hiatus
C2+
/haɪˈeɪtəs/
a pause or gap in a sequence, series, or activity
interpunct
C2+
/ˈɪntɚˌpʌŋkt/
a centered dot (·) used to separate words or mark a division
lingo
C2+
/ˈlɪŋɡoʊ/
the specialized vocabulary or jargon of a particular group
paragon
C2+
/ˈpærəˌɡɑn/
a model of excellence or perfection
amplitude
C2+
/ˈæmplɪtuːd/
the extent or magnitude of something; the range of a wave
brat
C2+
/bræt/
a badly behaved or spoiled child
cockscomb
C2+
/ˈkɑksˌkoʊm/
the crest of a rooster; a jester's cap; a vain conceited man
lemma
C2+
/ˈlɛmə/
a subsidiary proposition proved as a step toward a theorem; a headword
ado
C2+
/əˈduː/
fuss, trouble, or commotion over something trivial
aphrodisia
C2+
/ˌæfrəˈdɪziə/
sexual desire or arousal
apocalypse
C2+
/əˈpɑkəlɪps/
a catastrophic event; a revelation of the end of the world
cantrip
C2+
/ˈkæntrɪp/
a magic spell or mischievous trick