English vocabulary by CEFR level | The Missing Workbook

abandon B1

/əˈbæn.dən/ to stop maintaining or insisting on

able B1

/[ˈeɪ̯.bw]/ (usually followed by `to') having the necessary means or skill or know-how or authority to do something

abnormal B1

/ˌæbˈnɔɹ.ml̩/ much greater than the normal

aboard B1

/əˈbɔɹd/ on first or second or third base

aborigine B1

/ˌæb.əˈɹɪd͡ʒ.ə.ni/ An Aboriginal person from Australia (descending from, or a member of, one of the indigenous people(s) before British colonisation), Aboriginal Australian.

absence B1

/ˈæb.s(ə)n̩s/ the state of being absent

absent B1

/ˈæb.sn̩t/ nonexistent

absolute B1

/ˈæb.səˌlut/ perfect or complete or pure

absolutely B1

/ˌæb.səˈlut.li/ Independently; viewed without relation to other things or factors.

absorb B1

/æbˈsɔɹb/ to cause to become one with

abstract B1

/ˈæbˌstɹækt/ dealing with a subject in the abstract without practical purpose or intention

abundance B1

/əˈbʌn.dn̩s/ the property of a more than adequate quantity or supply

abundant B1

/əˈbʌn.dənt/ present in great quantity

academic B1

/əˈkæɖ.ə.mɪk/ hypothetical or theoretical and not expected to produce an immediate or practical result

academy B1

/əˈkad.ə.mɪ/ a secondary school, which is usually private

accent B1

/ˈæk.sɛnt/ distinctive manner of oral expression

acceptance B1

/əkˈsɛp.təns/ the act of taking something that is offered

access B1

/ˈækˌsɛs/ the act of approaching or entering

accessible B1

/əkˈsɛs.ɪ.bəl/ capable of being reached

accessory B1

/əˈsɛs.(ə.)ɹi/ aiding and abetting in a crime

accidental B1

/ˌæk.sɪˈdɛn.tl̩/ Happening by chance, or unexpectedly; taking place not according to the usual course of things; by accident, unintentional.

accidentally B1

/ˌæk.sɪˈdɛnt(ə)li/ without advance planning

accompany B1

/əˈkʌm.pə.ni/ to perform a musical accompaniment

accomplish B1

/əˈkɑm.plɪʃ/ to achieve or complete successfully

according to B1

accountant B1

/əˈkaʊn.tənt/ One whose profession includes organizing, maintaining and auditing the records of another. The records are usually, but not always, financial records.

accuracy B1

/ˈæk.jɚ.ə.si/ the quality of being near to the true value

accurate B1

/ˈæk.jə.ɹɪt/ conforming exactly or almost exactly to fact or to a standard or performing with total accuracy

accurately B1

/ˈæk.jə.ɹɪt.li/ with few mistakes

accuse B1

/əˈkjuz/ to bring an accusation against

accustom B1

/əˈkʌs.təm/ to make psychologically or physically used to something

ache B1

/ˈeɪk/ a dull, persistent, moderately intense pain

achievement B1

/əˈt͡ʃiːv.mənt/ The act of achieving or performing; a successful performance; accomplishment.

acknowledge B1

/əkˈnɑ.lɪd͡ʒ/ to accept someone to be what is claimed or accept his power and authority

acknowledgment B1

/əkˈnɑ.lɪd͡ʒ.mənt/ a short note recognizing a source of information or of a quoted passage

acquaintance B1

/ʌˈkweɪn.təns/ a person with whom you are acquainted

acquire B1

/əˈkwaɪɚ/ to come to have or undergo a change of physical features and attributes

active B1

/ˈæk.tɪv/ characterized by energetic activity

actress B1

/ˈæk.tɹɪs/ A female who performs on the stage or in films.

ad B1

/ˌeɪˈdi/ Initialism of Anno Domini (borrowed from Latin); in the year of our Lord.

adapt B1

/əˈdæpt/ to adapt or conform oneself to new or different conditions

addressee B1

/ˌædɹɛˈsiː/ A person or entity to whom discourse is directed, or the words referring to such an entity.

administration B1

/ədˌmɪn.əˈstɹeɪ.ʃən/ the persons or committees or departments etc., who make up a body for the purpose of administering something

admiration B1

/ˌædmɝˈeɪʃən/ a favorable judgment

admission B1

/ədˈmɪʃən/ the act of admitting someone to enter

adopt B1

/əˈdɑpt/ to take into one's family

adorable B1

/əˈdoɹ.əˌbəl/ Befitting of being adored; cute or loveable.

advance B1

/ədˈvæns/ increase in price or value

adverb B1

/ˈæd.vɜɹb/ A word that modifies a verb, adjective, other adverbs, or various other types of words, phrases, or clauses.

adverbial B1

/ædˈvɝbi.əl/ of or relating to or functioning as an adverb

advert B1

/ˈædvɜɹt/ to make a reference to

advertise B1

/ˈædvɚtaɪz/ to call attention to

adviser B1

/ædˈvaɪ.zɚ/ an expert who gives advice

aerobics B1

/əˈɹoʊbɪks/ exercise that increases the need for oxygen

affect B1

/əˈfɛkt/ to act physically on

affection B1

/əˈfɛk.ʃən/ a positive feeling of liking

afford B1

/əˈfoɹd/ to be able to spare or give up

afterward B1

/ˈæf.tɚ.wɚd/ happening at a time subsequent to a reference time

afterwards B1

/ˈæf.tɚ.wɚdz/ At a later or succeeding time; after that;

agenda B1

/əˈd͡ʒɛn.də/ A temporally organized plan for matters to be attended to.

aggressive B1

/əˈɡɹɛs.ɪv/ having or showing determination and energetic pursuit of your ends

agreement B1

/əˈɡɹiːmənt/ compatibility of observations

agricultural B1

/ˌæɡ.ɹɪˈkʌl.tʃə.ɹəl/ relating to rural matters

agriculture B1

/ˈæɡ.ɹɪˌkʌl.tʃɚ/ The art or science of cultivating the ground, including the growing and harvesting of crops, and the rearing and management of livestock.

aid B1

/ˈeɪd/ a resource

aim B1

/eɪm/ to have an ambitious plan or a lofty goal

air conditioning B1

air force B1

airline B1

/ˈɛɹˌlaɪn/ A company that flies airplanes to transport people and goods.

alcohol B1

/ˈæl.kə.hɔl/ a liquor or brew containing alcohol as the active agent

alcoholic B1

/ˌæl.kəˈhɔ.lɪk/ addicted to alcohol

alike B1

/əˈlaɪk/ in a like manner

allergic B1

/əˈlɝ.d͡ʒɪk/ having an allergy or peculiar or excessive susceptibility, especially to a specific factor

allowance B1

/əˈlaʊəns/ the act of allowing

aloud B1

/əˈlaʊd/ With a loud voice, or great noise; loudly; audibly.

alphabet B1

/ˈæl.fəˌbɛt/ The set of letters used when writing in a language.

alternative B1

/ɔːlˈtɜː.nə.tɪv/ necessitating a choice between mutually exclusive possibilities

altogether B1

/ɔl.tuˈɡɛð.ɚ/ with everything included or counted

amazed B1

/əˈmeɪzd/ filled with the emotional impact of overwhelming surprise or shock

amazing B1

/əˈmeɪzɪŋ/ inspiring awe or admiration or wonder

ambitious B1

/æmˈbɪʃ.əs/ requiring full use of your abilities or resources

ambulance B1

/ˈæm.bjə.ləns/ An emergency vehicle designed for transporting seriously ill or injured people to a hospital.

amount B1

/əˈmaʊnt/ the relative magnitude of something with reference to a criterion

amusing B1

/əˈmjuːzɪŋ/ arousing or provoking laughter

analysis B1

/əˈnæl.ə.sɪs/ Decomposition into components in order to study (a complex thing, concept, theory, etc.).

analyze B1

/ˈæn.əˌlaɪz/ to subject to psychoanalytic treatment

anger B1

/ˈæ̝ŋɡɚ/ to make angry

angle B1

/ˈæŋ.ɡəl/ to present with a bias

animated B1

/ˈæn.ɪ.meɪ.tɪd/ having life or vigor or spirit

animation B1

/ˌæn.ɪˈmeɪ.ʃən/ The act of animating, or giving life or spirit.

announce B1

/əˈnaʊn(t)s/ to announce publicly or officially

announcement B1

/əˈnaʊns.mənt/ a formal public statement

annoyance B1

/əˈnɔɪ.əns/ That which annoys.

annoyed B1

/əˈnɔɪd/ Troubled, irritated by something unwanted or unliked (an annoyance); vexed.

annual B1

/ˈæn.ju.əl/ completing its life cycle within a year

annually B1

/ˈæn.ju.ə.li/ without missing a year

ant B1

/[ɛənt]/ Any of various insects in the family Formicidae in the order Hymenoptera, typically living in large colonies composed almost entirely of flightless females.

anti B1

/ˈæn.taɪ/ a person who is opposed (to an action or policy or practice etc.)

antique B1

/ˌænˈtik/ out of fashion

antonym B1

/ˈæn.təˌnɪm/ a word that expresses a meaning opposed to the meaning of another word, in which case the two words are antonyms of each other

anxiety B1

/ˌæŋ(ɡ)ˈzaɪ.ɪ.ti/ An unpleasant state of mental uneasiness, nervousness, apprehension and obsession or concern about some uncertain event.

anxiously B1

/ˈæŋ(k).ʃəs.li/ with anxiety or apprehension

anyhow B1

/ˈɛn.i.haʊ/ in any way whatsoever

ape B1

/eɪp/ to represent in or produce a caricature of

apology B1

/əˈpɑ.lə.d͡ʒi/ a poor example

apparent B1

/əˈpæɹ.ənt/ clearly revealed to the mind or the senses or judgment

appeal B1

/əˈpil/ (law) a legal proceeding in which the appellant resorts to a higher court for the purpose of obtaining a review of a lower court decision and a reversal of the lower court's judgment or the granting of a new trial

appetite B1

/ˈæp.əˌtaɪt/ a feeling of craving something

applaud B1

/əˈplɔd/ to express approval of

applause B1

/əˈplɔz/ The act of applauding; approbation and praise publicly expressed by the clapping of hands, stamping or tapping of the feet, acclamation, huzzas, or other means; marked commendation.

application B1

/əp.lɪˈke.ʃən/ the action of putting something into operation

appoint B1

/əˈpɔɪnt/ to furnish

appreciation B1

/əˌpɹi.ʃiˈeɪ.ʃən/ an increase in price or value

approach B1

/əˈpɹoʊt͡ʃ/ to make advances to someone, usually with a proposal or suggestion

approval B1

/əˈpɹuvəl/ a message expressing a favorable opinion

approve B1

/əˈpruːv/ to judge to be right or commendable

approximately B1

/əˈpɹɑk.sɪ.mət.li/ (of quantities) imprecise but fairly close to correct

architect B1

/ˈɑɹ.kɪˌtɛkt/ A professional who designs buildings or other structures, or who prepares plans and superintends construction.

arise B1

/əˈɹaɪz/ to get up and out of bed

arithmetic B1

/əˈɹɪθmətɪk/ relating to or involving arithmetic

army B1

/ˈɑɹ.mi/ A large, highly organized military force, concerned mainly with ground (rather than air or naval) operations.

arrange B1

/əˈɹeɪnd͡ʒ/ to configure or arrange something attractively

arrangement B1

/əˈɹeɪnd͡ʒmənt/ the spatial property of the way in which something is placed

arrest B1

/əˈɹɛst/ the act of apprehending, especially apprehending a criminal

arrival B1

/əˈɹaɪ.vl̩/ the act of arriving at a certain place

arrow B1

/ˈæɹoʊ/ A projectile consisting of a shaft, a point and a tail with stabilizing fins that is shot from a bow.

artist B1

/ˈɑɹ.tɪst/ Artistic.

artistic B1

/ɑɹˈtɪs.tɪk/ satisfying aesthetic standards and sensibilities

ashamed B1

/əˈʃeɪmd/ Feeling shame or guilt.

aside B1

/əˈsaɪd/ in a different direction

aspect B1

/ˈæspɛkt/ Any specific feature, part, or element of something.

aspirin B1

/ˈæsp(ɪ)ɹɪn/ A tablet containing this substance.

assign B1

/əˈsaɪn/ to select something or someone for a specific purpose

assignment B1

/əˈsaɪn.mənt/ the act of distributing something to designated places or persons

assist B1

/əˈsɪst/ in sports, the act of enabling another player to make a good play

assistance B1

/əˈsɪstəns/ Aid; help; the act or result of assisting.

associate B1

/əˈsoʊʃieɪt/ any event that usually accompanies or is closely connected with another

assume B1

/əˈsjuːm/ to take on titles, offices, duties, or responsibilities

astronomer B1

/əˈstɹɑ.nə.mɚ/ One who studies astronomy, the stars or the physical universe; a scientist whose area of research is astronomy or astrophysics.

athletic B1

/æθˈlɛtɪk/ vigorously active

Atlantic B1

/ætˈlæn.tɪk/ relating to or bordering the Atlantic Ocean

atmosphere B1

/ˈætməsˌfɪɹ/ the mass of air surrounding the Earth

atomic B1

/əˈtɑː.mɪk/ of or relating to or comprising atoms

attach B1

/əˈtæt͡ʃ/ to be connected or attached

attachment B1

/əˈtæt͡ʃmənt/ faithful support for a cause or political party or religion

attain B1

/əˈteɪn/ to reach a point in time, or a certain state or level

attend B1

/əˈtɛnd/ to give heed to

attract B1

/əˈtɹækt/ to exert a force on a body causing it to approach or prevent it from moving away

attraction B1

/əˈtrækʃən/ The tendency to attract.

authority B1

/əˈθɔɹədi/ official permission or approval

auxiliary B1

/ɔɡˈzɪl.(jə).ɹi/ functioning in a supporting capacity

available B1

/əʋ(ɛ)ˈle.bᵻl/ obtainable or accessible and ready for use or service

avenue B1

/ˈæv.əˌn(j)u/ a line of approach

aware B1

/əˈwɛɚ/ Vigilant or on one's guard against danger or difficulty.

awareness B1

/əˈwɛɚ.nəs/ having knowledge of

awesome B1

/ˈɔ.səm/ Causing awe or terror; inspiring wonder or excitement.

awkward B1

/ˈaːk.wɐd/ causing inconvenience

babysit B1

/ˈbeɪ.bi.sɪt/ To watch or tend someone else's child for a period of time, often for money.

babysitter B1

/ˈbeɪ̯biˌsɪtɚ/ A person who cares for one or more babies or children for a short period of time in place of their legal guardians.

backache B1

/ˈbækeɪk/ an ache localized in the back

backpack B1

/ˈbæk.pæk/ to hike with a backpack

backpacker B1

/ˈbækˌpækɝ/ A traveler whose luggage consists of a backpack; especially, such a traveler who uses hostels, public transport, and other inexpensive services.

backpacking B1

/ˈbækˌpækɪŋ/ carrying something in a pack on the back

bacon B1

/ˈbeɪ.kən/ Cured meat from the sides, belly, or back of a pig.

baggage B1

/ˈbæɡɪd͡ʒ/ Portable cases, large bags, and similar equipment for manually carrying, pushing, or pulling personal items while traveling

baker B1

/ˈbeɪ.kɚ/ A person who bakes and sells bread, cakes and similar items.

bakery B1

/ˈbeɪ.kə.ɹi/ Baked goods.

balance B1

/ˈbæləns/ harmonious arrangement or relation of parts or elements within a whole (as in a design)

bald B1

/bɑːld/ lacking hair on all or most of the scalp

bandage B1

/ˈbændɪd͡ʒ/ to dress by covering or binding

bang B1

/ˈbæŋ/ directly on target

bank account B1

bare B1

/bɛɚ/ completely unclothed

barely B1

/ˈbɛɹ.li/ only a very short time before

bark B1

/bɑɹk/ to tan a skin with bark tannins

barman B1

/ˈbɑɹmæn/ A man who works in a bar.

barrel B1

/ˈbæɹəl/ any of various units of capacity

basement B1

/ˈbeɪsmənt/ A floor of a building below ground level.

basin B1

/ˈbeɪsən/ a natural depression in the surface of the land often with a lake at the bottom of it

basis B1

/ˈbæɪ.sɪs/ the fundamental assumptions from which something is begun or developed or calculated or explained

bathe B1

/beɪð/ the act of swimming

battle B1

/ˈbætl̩/ a hostile meeting of opposing military forces in the course of a war

beard B1

/bɪɹd/ to go along the rim, like a beard around the chin

beast B1

/ˈbiːst/ An animal, especially a large or dangerous land vertebrate.

beat B1

/biːt/ a stroke or blow

beautifully B1

/ˈbjuːtɪf(ə)li/ in a pleasing or beautiful manner

beaver B1

/ˈbivɚ/ a man's hat with a tall crown

because of B1

bedside B1

/ˈbɛdˌsaɪd/ space by the side of a bed, especially the bed of a sick or dying person

behalf B1

/bɪˈhæf/ as the agent of or on someone's part (usually expressed as 'on behalf of' rather than 'in behalf of')

behave B1

/bɪˈheɪv/ to act in a certain manner

belief B1

/bɪˈliːf/ Mental acceptance of a claim as true.

beloved B1

/bɪˈlʌvd/ Much loved, dearly loved.

beneath B1

/bɪˈniːθ/ Below or underneath.

benefit B1

/ˈbɛn.ə.fɪt/ something that aids or promotes well-being

bent B1

/ˈbɛnt/ of metal e.g.

bet B1

/ˈbɛt/ the act of gambling

bilingual B1

/baɪˈlɪŋ.ɡwəl/ using or knowing two languages

bin B1

/bɪn/ to store in a container

biochemistry B1

/ˌbaɪəʊˈkɛmɪstɹi/ The chemistry of those compounds that occur in living organisms, and the processes that occur in their metabolism and catabolism; the study of such chemistry.

biography B1

/baɪˈɑɡɹəfi/ A person's life story, especially one published.

biology B1

/baɪˈɑ.lə.d͡ʒi/ characteristic life processes and phenomena of living organisms

bishop B1

/ˈbɪʃəp/ a chess piece that can be moved diagonally over unoccupied squares of the same color

bitter B1

/ˈbɪ.tɚ/ extremely and sharply

bleed B1

/ˈbliːd/ to lose blood from one's body

blend B1

/blɛnd/ a new word formed by joining two others and combining their meanings

bless B1

/blɛs/ to give a benediction to

blessing B1

/ˈblɛs.ɪŋ/ the formal act of approving

blind B1

/ˈblaɪ̯nd/ unable or unwilling to perceive or understand

blog B1

/blɔɡ/ a shared on-line journal where people can post diary entries about their personal experiences and hobbies

blogger B1

/ˈblɔ.ɡəɹ/ A contributor to a blog (from weblog) or online journal.

blush B1

/blʌʃ/ to turn red in the face, as if in embarrassment or shame

boast B1

/boʊst/ to show off

bold B1

/ˈbɒld/ fearless and daring

boldly B1

/ˈboʊldli/ with boldness, in a bold manner

bomb B1

/bɑm/ to throw explosives at or attack with explosives

bond B1

/bɑnd/ the property of sticking together, as of glue and wood, or the joining of surfaces of different composition

booking B1

/ˈbʊkɪŋ/ employment for performers or performing groups that lasts for a limited period of time

boom B1

/bum/ a sudden happening that brings good fortune, as a sudden opportunity to make money

boot B1

/but/ to cause to load an operating system and start the initial processes

border B1

/ˈbɔə.də/ a strip forming the outer edge of something

bore B1

/boɹ/ to make a hole, especially with a pointed power or hand tool

boredom B1

/ˈbɔɹ.dəm/ The state of being bored.

bounce B1

/baʊns/ to hit something so that it bounces

bound B1

/ˈbæʊ̯nd/ confined by bonds

bow B1

/ˈboʊ̯/ front part of a vessel or aircraft

boxing B1

/ˈbɑːksɪŋ/ A sport where two opponents punch each other with gloved fists to head and torso; the object being to score more points by the end of the match or by knockout, or technical knockout.

bracelet B1

/ˈbreɪslət/ A band or chain worn around the wrist as jewelry/jewellery or an ornament.

brainstorming B1

/ˈbreɪnˌstɔrmɪŋ/ a group problem-solving technique in which members spontaneously share ideas and solutions

brand-new B1

/ˈbrændˌnuː/ conspicuously new

brass B1

/bɹas/ A class of wind instruments, usually made of metal (such as brass), that use vibrations of the player's lips to produce sound; a band or the section of an orchestra that features such instruments.

bravely B1

/ˈbɹeɪvli/ in a courageous manner

breakthrough B1

/ˈbɹeɪk.θɹuː/ Characterized by major progress or overcoming some obstacle.

breast B1

/bɹɛst/ the front of the trunk from the neck to the abdomen

breath B1

/bɹeθ/ the process of taking in and expelling air during breathing

breathless B1

/ˈbɹɛθləs/ not breathing or able to breathe except with difficulty

breed B1

/bɹiːd/ a special type

breeding B1

/ˈbɹiːdɪŋ/ producing offspring or set aside especially for producing offspring

brick B1

/ˈbɹɪk/ A hardened rectangular block of mud, clay etc., used for building.

brief B1

/bɹiːf/ concise and succinct

briefly B1

/ˈbɹiːfli/ for a short time

brightly B1

/ˈbɹaɪtli/ In a bright manner.

broad B1

/bɹɔd/ showing or characterized by broad-mindedness

broadcast B1

/ˈbɹɔːdkast/ to cause to become widely known

broccoli B1

/ˈbɹɑ.kə.li/ A plant, Brassica oleracea var. italica, of the cabbage family, Brassicaceae; especially, the tree-shaped flower and stalk that are eaten as a vegetable.

bronze B1

/bɹɑnz/ of the color of bronze

brotherhood B1

/ˈbɹʌð.ɚˌhʊd/ The state of being brothers or a brother (also figuratively).

bubble B1

/ˈbʌb.l̩/ an impracticable and illusory idea

buddy B1

/ˈbʌd.i/ A friend or casual acquaintance.

builder B1

/ˈbɪl.dəɹ/ a person who creates a business or who organizes and develops a country

bull B1

/ˈbʊl/ a serious and ludicrous blunder

bullet B1

/ˈbʊl.ɪt/ Ammunition for a sling or slingshot which has been manufactured for such use.

bulletin B1

/ˈbʊl.ə.tən/ to make public by bulletin or written statement

bump B1

/bʌmp/ an impact as from a collision

bunch B1

/bʌnt͡ʃ/ a grouping of a number of similar things

burden B1

/ˈbɝdn̩/ an onerous or difficult concern

bureau B1

/ˈbjʊ.ɹoʊ/ An administrative unit of government; office.

burglar B1

/ˈbɝɡlɚ/ A person who breaks in to premises with the intent of committing theft.

burning B1

/ˈbɝnɪŋ/ the act of burning something

burst B1

/bɝst/ a sudden flurry of activity (often for no obvious reason)

bust B1

/bʌst/ lacking funds

butcher B1

/ˈbʊt͡ʃɚ/ to kill animals, usually for food consumption

buyer B1

/ˈbaɪ.ɚ/ A person who makes one or more purchases.

cabbage B1

/ˈkɛb.əd͡ʒ/ to make off with belongings of others

cabin B1

/ˈkæbɪn/ A small dwelling characteristic of the frontier, especially when built from logs with simple tools and not constructed by professional builders, but by those who meant to live in it.

cage B1

/keɪd͡ʒ/ to confine in a cage

calculate B1

/ˈkælkjʊleɪt/ to specifically design a product, event, or activity for a certain public

calculation B1

/ˌkælkjəˈleɪʃn̩/ The result of calculating.

calculator B1

/ˈkæl.kjə.leɪ.tə(ɹ)/ A mechanical or electronic device that performs mathematical calculations; (now usually) an electronic one specifically.

calf B1

/kæf/ A young cow or bull of any bovid, such as domestic cattle or buffalo.

caller B1

/ˈkɔlɚ/ the person who convenes a meeting

calm B1

/kɑm/ (of weather) free from storm or wind

calmness B1

/ˈkɑ(l)mnəs/ steadiness of mind under stress

camel B1

/ˈkæm(ə)l/ A mammalian beast of burden, much used in desert areas, of the genus Camelus.

campsite B1

/ˈkæmpˌsaɪt/ a site where people on holiday can pitch a tent

canal B1

/kəˈnɛl/ A tubular channel within the body or within a plant.

cancel B1

/ˈkæn.sl̩/ to make invalid for use

cancer B1

/ˈkæːnsə/ A disease in which the cells of a tissue undergo uncontrolled (and often rapid) proliferation.

candle B1

/ˈkændəl/ stick of wax with a wick in the middle

canned B1

/kænd/ Preserved in cans.

canteen B1

/kænˈtin/ A small cafeteria or snack bar, especially one in a military establishment, school, or place of work.

capable B1

/ˈkeɪ.bə.bəl/ (usually followed by `of') having capacity or ability

capacity B1

/kəˈpæ.sɪ.ti/ a specified function

capsule B1

/ˈkæps(ə)l/ a pill in the form of a small rounded gelatinous container with medicine inside

capture B1

/ˈkɛp.(t)ʃɘː/ to succeed in representing or expressing something intangible

career B1

/kəˈɹɪɹ/ the general progression of your working or professional life

careless B1

/kɛɹ.ləs/ effortless and unstudied

carelessly B1

/ˈkɛɹləsli/ without care or concern

carelessness B1

/ˈkɛɹləsnəs/ Lack of care; the state or quality of being careless.

carpet B1

/ˈkɑɹ.pət/ a natural object that resembles or suggests a carpet

carriage B1

/ˈkæɹ.ɪd͡ʒ/ The act of conveying; carrying.

carton B1

/ˈkɑɹtn̩/ a box made of cardboard

cashpoint B1

An automated teller machine.

casual B1

/ˈkæʒ(u)əl/ marked by blithe unconcern

categorize B1

/ˈkætəɡəˌɹaɪz/ to place into or assign to a category

category B1

/ˈkæ.tɪˌɡɔ.ɹi/ A group, often named or numbered, to which items are assigned based on similarity or defined criteria.

cattle B1

/ˈkætəl/ domesticated bovine animals as a group regardless of sex or age

caution B1

/ˈkɔʃ(ə)n/ judiciousness in avoiding harm or danger

cautious B1

/ˈkɔːʃəs/ showing careful forethought

cave B1

/keɪv/ to hollow out as if making a cave or opening

CD-ROM B1

/siː.diːˈɹɒm/ compact disk - read only memory: an optical disc containing data that can be read (but not changed) by a computer

celebrity B1

/səˈlɛb.ɹɪ.ɾi/ a widely known person

cell B1

/sɛl/ the basic structural and functional unit of all organisms

central B1

/ˈsɛntɹ(ə)l/ Being in the centre.

central heating B1

ceremony B1

/ˈsɛɹ.əˌmoʊ.ni/ any activity that is performed in an especially solemn elaborate or formal way

certainty B1

/ˈsɝtn̩ti/ something that is certain

challenging B1

/ˈt͡ʃæl.ɪn.d͡ʒɪŋ/ stimulating interest or thought

champion B1

/ˈt͡ʃæmpjən/ holding first place in a contest

channel B1

/ˈt͡ʃænəl/ a way of selling a company's product either directly or via distributors

chaos B1

/ˈkeɪ.ɑs/ Any state of disorder; a confused or amorphous mixture or conglomeration.

characteristic B1

/ˌkæɹ(ə)ktəˈɹɪstɪk/ typical or distinctive

characterize B1

/ˈkɛɹəktəɹaɪz/ to describe or portray the character or the qualities or peculiarities of

charge B1

/t͡ʃɑɹd͡ʒ/ an impetuous rush toward someone or something

chariot B1

/ˈt͡ʃæɹiət/ A two-wheeled horse-drawn cart, used in Bronze Age and Early Iron Age warfare.

charity B1

/ˈt͡ʃɛɹəti/ An organization, the objective of which is to carry out a charitable purpose.

charm B1

/t͡ʃɑɹm/ something believed to bring good luck

chase B1

/t͡ʃeɪs/ to cut a groove into

chat show B1

check-in counter B1

The act of checking in at a hotel, airport, etc.

check-in desk B1

checkout B1

/ˈt͡ʃɛkˌaʊt/ the latest time for vacating a hotel room

cheerful B1

/ˈt͡ʃɪɹfl̩/ Noticeably happy and optimistic.

chemist B1

/ˈkɛmɪst/ A person who specializes in the science of chemistry, especially at a professional level.

chemistry B1

/ˈkɛm.ɪ.stɹi/ the way two individuals relate to each other

cherish B1

/ˈtʃɛrɪʃ/ To treat with affection, care, and tenderness; to nurture or protect with care.

chest of drawers B1

chewing gum B1

chief B1

/t͡ʃiːf/ The leader or head of a tribe, organisation, business unit, or other group.

choir B1

/kwaɪɚ/ A group of people who sing together; a company of people who are trained to sing together.

choke B1

/t͡ʃoʊk/ to breathe with great difficulty, as when experiencing a strong emotion

Christian B1

/ˈkɹɪʃt͡ʃən/ relating to or characteristic of Christianity

chronological B1

/ˌkɹɑnəˈlɑd͡ʒɪkəl/ relating to or arranged according to temporal order

chuckle B1

/ˈt͡ʃʌkəl/ To communicate through chuckling.

circular B1

/ˈsɝ.kjə.lɚ/ an advertisement, usually printed on a page or in a leaflet, intended for wide distribution

circus B1

/ˈsɝkəs/ a performance given by a traveling company of acrobats, clowns, and trained animals

citizenship B1

/ˈsɪtɪzənˌʃɪp/ conduct as a citizen

civil B1

/ˈsɪvəl/ of or in a condition of social order

civilization B1

/ˌsɪv.ə.laɪˈzeɪ.ʃən/ a society in an advanced state of social development (e.g., with complex legal and political and religious organizations)

classical B1

/ˈklɛs.ɪ.kəl/ of or pertaining to or characteristic of the ancient Greek and Roman cultures

classify B1

/ˈklæs.əˌfaɪ/ to arrange or order by classes or categories

cliff B1

/klɪf/ a steep high face of rock

climate B1

/ˈklaɪ.mɪt/ the weather in some location averaged over some long period of time

climber B1

/ˈklaɪmɚ/ Someone or something that climbs (such as a mountain climber).

clinic B1

/ˈklɪn.ɪk/ A meeting for the diagnosis of problems, or training, on a particular subject.

clip B1

/klɪp/ a sharp slanting blow

closely B1

/ˈkləʊsliː/ in a close relation or position in time or space

coal B1

/kɒl/ to take in coal

coastal B1

/ˈkoʊstəl/ located on or near or bordering on a coast

cod B1

/kɑd/ to fool or hoax

coffin B1

/ˈkɔfɪn/ to place into a coffin

collapse B1

/kɵˈlæps/ a natural event caused by something suddenly falling down or caving in

collar B1

/ˈkɑ.ləɹ/ the act of apprehending (especially apprehending a criminal)

columnist B1

/ˈkɑ.ləm.nɪst/ A regular writer of a column, such as in a magazine or newspaper.

combination B1

/ˌkɑmbɪˈneɪʃən/ a group of people (often temporary) having a common purpose

combine B1

/kəmˈbaɪn/ to put or add together

comedian B1

/kəˈmiː.di.ən/ An entertainer who performs in a humorous manner, especially by telling jokes.

comedy B1

/ˈkɑmədi/ a light, amusing play with a happy ending

comet B1

/ˈkɒmɪt/ A small Solar System body consisting mainly of volatile ice, dust and particles of rock whose very eccentric solar orbit periodically brings it close enough to the Sun that the ice vaporises to form an atmosphere, or coma, which may be blown by the solar wind to produce a visible tail.

comfort B1

/ˈkʊm.fət/ assistance, such as that provided to an enemy or to a known criminal

comma B1

/[ˈkɑ.mə ~ ˈkɑ.mʌ]/ The punctuation mark ⟨,⟩ used to indicate a set of parts of a sentence or between elements of a list.

command B1

/kəˈmænd/ availability for use

comment B1

/ˈkɒm.ɛnt/ a written explanation or criticism or illustration that is added to a book or other textual material

commercial B1

/kəˈmɝ.ʃəl/ connected with or engaged in or sponsored by or used in commerce or commercial enterprises

commit B1

/kəˈmɪt/ to give entirely to a specific person, activity, or cause

common sense B1

commonly B1

/ˈkɑmənli/ As a rule; frequently; usually.

companion B1

/kəmˈpæn.jən/ a friend who is frequently in the company of another

comparison B1

/kəmˈpɛɹ.ɪ.sən/ the act of examining resemblances

compete B1

/kəmˈpiːt/ To be in battle or in a rivalry with another for the same thing, position, or reward; to contend.

competitive B1

/kəmˈpɛtɪtɪv/ showing a fighting disposition

competitor B1

/kəmˈpɛt.ɪ.tɚ/ A person or organization against whom one is competing.

complement B1

/ˈkɑmpləmənt/ something added to complete or embellish or make perfect

completely B1

/kəmˈpliːtli/ In a complete manner; thoroughly.

complex B1

/kɑmˈplɛks/ a conceptual whole made up of complicated and related parts

complicate B1

/ˈkɑmplɪkeɪt/ to make more complicated

complicated B1

/ˈkɑm.plɪˌkeɪ.tɪd/ difficult to analyze or understand

compliment B1

/ˈkɑmpləmənt/ to say something to someone that expresses praise

compose B1

/kəmˈpoʊz/ to make up plans or basic details for

composition B1

/ˌkɑːmpəˈzɪʃən/ something that is created by arranging several things to form a unified whole

compound B1

/ˈkɑmˈpaʊnd/ composed of more than one part

compromise B1

/ˈkɑmpɹəˌmaɪz/ an accommodation in which both sides make concessions

concentration B1

/ˌkɑn.sənˈtɹeɪ.ʃən/ The act, process or ability of concentrating; the process of becoming concentrated, or the state of being concentrated.

concept B1

/ˈkɑn.sɛpt/ Understanding retained in the mind, from experience, reasoning and imagination; a generalization (generic, basic form), or abstraction (mental impression), of a particular set of instances or occurrences (specific, though different, recorded manifestations of the concept).

concerned B1

/kənˈsɝnd/ feeling or showing worry or solicitude

conclude B1

/kənˈkluːd/ to bring to a close

conclusion B1

/kənˈkluːʒən/ an intuitive assumption

conduct B1

/ˈkɑndʌkt/ to lead, as in the performance of a composition

confidence B1

/ˈkɑn.fɪ.dəns/ a secret that is confided or entrusted to another

confirm B1

/kənˈfɝm/ to establish or strengthen as with new evidence or facts

confirmation B1

/ˌkɑn.fəɹˈmeɪ.ʃən/ additional proof that something that was believed (some fact or hypothesis or theory) is correct

conflict B1

/ˈkɑn.flɪkt/ an open clash between two opposing groups (or individuals)

confusing B1

/kənˈfjuːzɪŋ/ causing confusion or disorientation

confusion B1

/kənˈfjuːʒən/ a mistake that results from taking one thing to be another

congratulate B1

/kənˈɡɹæt͡ʃ.ʊˌleɪt/ to express congratulations

connect B1

/kəˈnɛkt/ to make a logical or causal connection

connection B1

/kəˈnɛkʃ(ə)n/ shifting from one form of transportation to another

conquer B1

/ˈkɑŋkɚ/ to put down by force or authority

conscious B1

/ˈkɑn.ʃəs/ intentionally conceived

consequently B1

/ˈkɑːnsɪˌkwɛntli/ because of the reason given

conservation B1

/ˌkɑnsə(ɹ)ˈveɪʃən/ Wise use of natural resources.

conservative B1

/kənˈsɝvətɪv/ avoiding excess

considerable B1

/kənˈsɪdəɹəbl̩/ large or relatively large in number or amount or extent or degree

consideration B1

/kənˌsɪd.əˈɹeɪ.ʃən/ kind and considerate regard for others

consonant B1

/ˈkɑn.sə.nənt/ A letter representing the sound of a consonant.

constantly B1

/ˈkɑnstənʔli/ without interruption

constitute B1

/ˈkɑnstɪt(j)uːt/ to compose or represent

constitution B1

/ˌkɑn.stɪˈtu.ʃ(ə)n/ the act of forming or establishing something

construct B1

/ˈkɑn.stɹʌkt/ to reassemble mentally

construction B1

/kənˈstɹʌkʃən/ drawing a figure satisfying certain conditions as part of solving a problem or proving a theorem

consume B1

/kənˈsum/ to engage fully

consumer B1

/kənˈsumɚ/ One who, or that which, consumes.

consumption B1

/kənˈsʌmp.ʃən/ (economics) the utilization of economic goods to satisfy needs or in manufacturing

contain B1

/kənˈteɪn/ to hold back, as of a danger or an enemy

content B1

/kənˈtɛnt/ satisfied or showing satisfaction with things as they are

continual B1

/kənˈtɪnjuəl/ Recurring in steady, rapid succession.

continually B1

/kənˈtɪnjuəli/ seemingly without interruption

continuous B1

/kənˈtɪn.juː.əs/ continuing in time or space without interruption

continuously B1

/kənˈtɪnjuəsli/ at every point

contrary B1

/ˈkɑntɹɛɹi/ resistant to guidance or discipline

contribute B1

/kənˈtɹɪb.jut/ To give something that is or becomes part of a larger whole.

contribution B1

/ˌkɑntɹɪˈbjuʃən/ the part played by a person in bringing about a result

controversial B1

/ˌkɑn.tɹəˈvɝ.ʃəl/ marked by or capable of arousing controversy

convey B1

/kənˈveɪ/ to serve as a means for expressing something

convince B1

/kənˈvɪns/ to make someone agree, understand, or realize the truth or validity of something

copyright B1

/ˈkɑpiˌɹaɪt/ to secure a copyright on a written work

correction B1

/kəˈɹɛkʃən/ treatment of a specific defect

cotton B1

/ˈkɑt.n̩/ to take a liking to

cough B1

/kɔf/ to exhale abruptly, as when one has a chest cold or congestion

council B1

/ˈkaʊn.səl/ a meeting of people for consultation

counseling B1

/ˈkaʊnsəlɪŋ/ something that provides direction or advice as to a decision or course of action

counter B1

/ˈkaʊn.tɚ/ in the opposite direction

countless B1

/ˈkaʊntləs/ A huge and uncountable number of; too many to count; innumerable.

county B1

/ˈkuːntɪ/ (United Kingdom) a region created by territorial division for the purpose of local government

courage B1

/ˈkʌ.ɹɪd͡ʒ/ The quality of being confident, not afraid or easily intimidated, but without being incautious or inconsiderate.

courageous B1

/kəˈɹeɪd͡ʒəs/ Of a person, displaying or possessing courage.

courgette B1

/kʊɚˈʒɛt/ small cucumber-shaped vegetable marrow

craft B1

/ˈkɹäːft/ people who perform a particular kind of skilled work

crash B1

/kɹæʃ/ the act of colliding with something

creator B1

/kɹiːˈæ̝ɪ̯təː/ Something or someone which creates or makes something.

criminal B1

/ˈkɹɪm.ə.nəl/ guilty of crime or serious offense

crisis B1

/ˈkɹɑesɪs/ a crucial stage or turning point in the course of something

critic B1

/ˈkrɪtɪk/ A person who appraises the works of others.

critical B1

/ˈkɹɪt.ɪ.kəl/ marked by a tendency to find and call attention to errors and flaws

crop B1

/kɹɑp/ the output of something in a season

crossing B1

/ˈkɹɔsɪŋ/ a voyage across a body of water, traditionally across the Atlantic Ocean

crossroads B1

/ˈkrɔsˌroʊdz/ a point where a choice must be made

crow B1

/kɹoʊ/ the cry of a cock, or an imitation of it

cruel B1

/ˈkɹuːəl/ Intentionally causing or reveling in pain and suffering; merciless, heartless.

crush B1

/kɹʌʃ/ to break into small pieces

cucumber B1

/ˈkjuˌkʌmbɚ/ A vine in the gourd family, Cucumis sativus.

cultivate B1

/ˈkʌltɪveɪt/ To grow plants, notably crops.

cultural B1

/ˈkʌlt͡ʃ(ə)ɹəl/ of or relating to the arts and manners that a group favors

cure B1

/kjɔː(r)/ to provide a remedy for or make healthy again

curiosity B1

/ˌkjʊɹ.iˈɑ.sə.ti/ Inquisitiveness; the tendency to ask and learn about things by asking questions, investigating, or exploring.

curious B1

/ˈkjʊɹ.i.əs/ eager to investigate and learn or learn more (sometimes about others' concerns)

curiously B1

/ˈkjʊɹ.i.əs.li/ in a manner differing from the usual or expected

curly B1

/ˈkɝli/ hair having curls or waves

currency B1

/ˈkʌɹ.ən.si/ general acceptance or use

current B1

/kəˈrɛɳʈ/ occurring in or belonging to the present time

currently B1

/ˈkʌɹ ənt.li/ At this moment, at present, now.

curriculum B1

/kəˈɹɪk.jə.ləm/ The set of courses, coursework, and content offered at a school or university.

curtain B1

/ˈkɜɹt(ə)n/ any barrier to communication or vision

curve B1

/kɚv/ to bend or cause to bend

cushion B1

/ˈkʉʃən/ to protect from impact

customs B1

/ˈkʌs.təmz/ The duties or taxes imposed on imported or exported goods.

CV B1

Initialism of cardiovascular.

cycle B1

/ˈsaɪ.kəl/ a periodically repeated sequence of events

daisy B1

/ˈdeɪzi/ Something splendid; a doozy.

damage B1

/ˈdæmɪd͡ʒ/ inflict damage upon

damaged B1

/ˈdæmɪd͡ʒd/ harmed or injured or spoiled

damp B1

/dæmp/ slightly wet

dangerously B1

/ˈdeɪndʒɝəsli/ in a dangerous manner

dare B1

/dɛ(ə)ɹ/ a challenge to do something dangerous or foolhardy

darkness B1

/ˈdɑɹknɪs/ an unilluminated area

dating B1

/ˈdeɪtɪŋ/ A form of romantic courtship typically between two individuals with the aim of assessing the other's suitability as a partner in an intimate relationship or as a spouse.

daze B1

/deɪz/ the feeling of distress and disbelief that you have when something bad happens accidentally

dazzle B1

/ˈdæzəl/ amaze or bewilder, as with brilliant wit or intellect or skill

deadline B1

/ˈdɛdˌlaɪn/ A time limit in the form of a date on or before which something must be completed.

deadly B1

/ˈdɛdli/ of an instrument of certain death

deaf B1

/dɛf/ people who have severe hearing impairments

dealer B1

/ˈdiːlɝ/ a seller of illicit goods

debris B1

/dəˈbɹiː/ Rubble, wreckage, scattered remains of something destroyed.

debt B1

/dɛt/ the state of owing something, especially money

decision B1

/dɪˈsɪʒn̩/ the act of making up your mind about something

declaration B1

/ˌdek.ləˈɹæɪ.ʃən/ unsworn statement that can be admitted in evidence in a legal transaction

declare B1

/dɪˈklɛɚ/ state firmly

decline B1

/dɪˈklaɪn/ show unwillingness towards

decrease B1

/dɪˈkɹiːs/ a change downward

dedicate B1

/ˈdɛdəˌkeɪt/ inscribe or address by way of compliment

deed B1

/diːd/ a legal document signed, sealed and delivered to effect a transfer of property and to show the legal right to possess it

defeat B1

/dɪˈfiːt/ an unsuccessful ending to a struggle or contest

defend B1

/dɪˈfɛnd/ be the defense counsel for someone in a trial

defender B1

/dɪˈfɛndɝ/ A lawyer who represents defendants, especially a public defender; a defense attorney (US) or defence counsel (UK).

defense B1

/ˈdiːˌfɛns/ An argument in support or justification of something.

deficiency B1

/dɪˈfɪʃənsi/ Inadequacy or incompleteness.

define B1

/dɪˈfaɪn/ determine the nature of

definite B1

/ˈdɛfɪnɪt/ known for certain

definite article B1

definitely B1

/ˈdɛfənətli/ Without question and beyond doubt.

definition B1

/ˌdɛf.ɪˈnɪʃ.ən/ clarity of outline

delete B1

/dɪˈliːt/ remove or make invisible

delicate B1

/ˈdɛl.ɪ.kɪt/ easily broken or damaged or destroyed

delight B1

/dəˈlaɪt/ a feeling of extreme pleasure or satisfaction

delighted B1

/dɪˈlaɪtəd/ Greatly pleased.

delightful B1

/dəˈlaɪt.fl̩/ greatly pleasing or entertaining

deliver B1

/dɪˈlɪv.ɚ/ utter an exclamation or noise of some sort

delivery B1

/dɪˈlɪv.(ə.)ɹi/ the act of delivering or distributing something like goods or mail

demand B1

/dɪˈmænd/ the act of demanding

democracy B1

/dɪˈmɑ.kɹə.si/ Rule by the people, especially as a form of government; either directly or through elected representatives (representative democracy).

democratic B1

/ˌdɛm.əˈkɹæt.ɪk/ representing or appealing to or adapted for the benefit of the people at large

demonstrate B1

/ɖᵻˈmɔns.ʈreʈ/ establish the validity of something, as by an example, explanation or experiment

demonstration B1

/ɖe.mɔːns.ʈreː.ʃən/ a show of military force or preparedness

deny B1

/dəˈnaɪ/ To disallow or reject.

depart B1

/dɪˈpɑɹt/ To leave.

department B1

/dɪˈpɑɹtmənt/ a specialized sphere of knowledge

departure B1

/dɪˈpɑːrtʃɝ/ The act of departing or something that has departed.

dependent B1

/dɪˈpɛndənt/ relying on or requiring a person or thing for support, supply, or what is needed

deposit B1

/dɪˈpɑ.zɪt/ money given as security for an article acquired for temporary use

depressed B1

/dɪˈprɛst/ filled with melancholy and despondency

depressing B1

/dɪˈpɹɛsɪŋ/ causing sad feelings of gloom and inadequacy

depression B1

/dəˈpɹɛʃn̩/ pushing down

deprive B1

/dɪˈpɹaɪv/ Used with “of”, to take something away from (someone) and keep it away; to deny someone something.

depth B1

/dɛpθ/ the attribute or quality of being deep, strong, or intense

derive B1

/dɪˈɹaɪv/ come from

deserve B1

/dɪˈzɝv/ be worthy or deserving

designer B1

/dɪˈzaɪnɚ/ a person who devises plots or intrigues

desire B1

/dɪˈzaɪɹ/ an inclination to want things

despair B1

/dɪˈspɛɚ/ the feeling that everything is wrong and nothing will turn out well

desperate B1

/ˈdɛs.p(ə.)ɹət/ (of persons) dangerously reckless or violent as from urgency or despair

despite B1

/dɪˈspaɪt/ contemptuous disregard

destination B1

/ˌdɛstəˈneɪʃən/ The place set for the end of a journey, or to which something is sent; place or point aimed at.

destruction B1

/dɪsˈtɹʌkʃən/ The act of destroying.

destructive B1

/dɪˈstɹʊktɪv/ causing destruction or much damage

detective B1

/dɪˈtɛktɪv/ A police officer tasked with collecting evidence and information in order to solve a crime; an investigator.

determination B1

/dɪˌtɝːməˈneɪʃən/ the act of determining the properties of something, usually by research or calculation

determine B1

/dɪˈtɝmɪn/ To set the boundaries or limits of.

devastate B1

/ˈdev.ə.stæɪt/ overwhelm or overpower

devastating B1

/ˈdɛvəˌsteɪtɪŋ/ Causing devastation.

development B1

/ˈɖɛʋᵊ.ləp.mᵻnʈ/ act of improving by expanding or enlarging or refining

device B1

/dɪˈvaɪs/ any clever maneuver

devotion B1

/dɪˈvoʊʃən/ religious observance or prayers

diagram B1

/ˈdaɪəˌgræm/ A plan, drawing, sketch or outline to show the function or operation of something, or to show the relationships between the parts of a whole.

dial B1

/ˈdaɪəl/ choose by means of a dial

dialog B1

/ˈdaɪəlɑɡ/ Uncommon spelling of dialogue.

diameter B1

/daɪˈæmɪdɚ/ The length of such a line.

diaper B1

/ˈdaɪ(ə)pɚ/ An absorbent garment worn around the crotch that retains the wearer's urine and feces, often worn by a baby or young child who is not yet toilet trained, or by an adult who is incontinent or wets the bed, or under extreme working conditions without access to a toilet; a nappy.

differ B1

/ˈdɪfɚ/ be of different opinions

digital B1

/ˈdɪd͡ʒɪtl̩/ of a circuit or device that represents magnitudes in digits

diligence B1

/ˈdɪlɪdʒəns/ persevering determination to perform a task

diligent B1

/ˈdɪlɪdʒənt/ characterized by care and perseverance in carrying out tasks

dioxide B1

/daɪˈɑksaɪd/ Any oxide containing two oxygen atoms in each molecule.

directly B1

/dɪˈɹek(t).li/ without deviation

dirt B1

/dɝt/ Previously unknown facts or rumors about a person.

disability B1

/dɪsəˈbɪlɪti/ the condition of being unable to perform as a consequence of physical or mental unfitness

disable B1

/dɪsˈeɪbəl/ injure permanently

disabled B1

/dɪˈseɪbəld/ people collectively who are crippled or otherwise physically handicapped

disagreement B1

/ˌdɪsəˈɡɹimənt/ An argument or debate.

disappoint B1

/ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪnt/ To sadden or displease (someone) by underperforming, or by not delivering something promised or hoped for.

disappointment B1

/ˌdɪsəˈpɔɪntmənt/ a feeling of dissatisfaction that results when your expectations are not realized

disaster B1

/dɪˈzas.təː/ An unexpected natural or man-made catastrophe of substantial extent causing significant physical damage or destruction, loss of life or sometimes permanent change to the natural environment.

disastrous B1

/dɪˈzæs.tɹəs/ Of the nature of a disaster; calamitous.

disc jockey B1

discomfort B1

/dɪsˈkʌmfɚt/ Mental or bodily distress.

discount B1

/dɪˈskaʊnt/ give a reduction in price on

discourage B1

/dɪsˈkɝɪd͡ʒ/ To extinguish the courage of; to dishearten; to depress the spirits of; to deprive of confidence; to deject.

discovery B1

/dɪsˈkʌv(.ə).ɹi/ in law, compulsory pretrial disclosure of documents relevant to a case

discrimination B1

/dɪˌskɹɪm.əˈneɪʃən/ Discernment, the act of discriminating, discerning, distinguishing, noting or perceiving differences between things, with the intent to understand rightly and make correct decisions.

disease B1

/dɪˈziz/ An abnormal condition of a human, animal or plant that causes discomfort or dysfunction; distinct from injury insofar as the latter is usually instantaneously acquired.

disgusting B1

/dɪsˈɡʊstɪŋ/ Causing disgust; repulsive; distasteful.

dishwasher B1

/ˈdɪʃˌwɑʃɚ/ A machine for washing dishes.

disk B1

/dɪsk/ something with a round shape resembling a flat circular plate

dissolve B1

/dɪˈzɑlv/ declare void

distance B1

/ˈdɪstəns/ size of the gap between two places

distant B1

/ˈdɪstənt/ located far away spatially

distinction B1

/dɪˈstɪŋkʃən/ a distinguishing difference

distinctly B1

/dɪˈstɪŋktli/ to a distinct degree

distinguish B1

/dɪˈstɪŋ.ɡwɪʃ/ mark as different

distribute B1

/dɪˈstɹɪbjut/ make available

distribution B1

/ˌdɪstɹəˈbjuːʃən/ the spatial or geographic property of being scattered about over a range, area, or volume

district B1

/ˈdɪstɹɪkt/ An administrative division of an area.

disturbance B1

/dɪˈstɜɹ.bəns/ a disorderly outburst or tumult

dive B1

/daɪv/ plunge into water

diver B1

/ˈdaɪ̯və(ɹ)/ Someone who dives, especially as a sport.

diverse B1

/daɪˈvɝs/ distinctly dissimilar or unlike

divine B1

/dɪˈvaɪn/ being of such surpassing excellence as to suggest inspiration by the gods

diving B1

/ˈdaɪ.vɪŋ/ a headlong plunge into water

divorced B1

/dɪˈvɔː(ɹ)st/ Cut off, or separated.

DJ B1

/ˈdi(ː)(.)d͡ʒeɪ/ Initialism of disc jockey.

doc B1

/dɑk/ a licensed medical practitioner

document B1

/ˈdɑkjʊmənt/ a computer file that contains text using seven-bit ASCII characters

documentary B1

/ˌdɑ.kjəˈmɛn.tə.ɹi/ Presented objectively without the insertion of fictional matter.

dolphin B1

/ˈdɑlf.ɪn/ A permanent fender designed to protect a heavy boat, bridge, or coastal structure from the impact of large floating objects such as ice, floating logs, or vessels.

dot B1

/dɑt/ mark with a dot

downward B1

/ˈdaʊnwɚd/ Toward a lower level, whether in physical space, in a hierarchy, or in amount or value.

doze B1

/doʊz/ To sleep lightly or briefly; to nap, snooze.

dozen B1

/ˈdʌzən/ denoting a quantity consisting of 12 items or units

drag B1

/ˈdɹæɡ/ the act of dragging (pulling with force)

dramatic B1

/dɹəˈmætɪk/ suitable to or characteristic of drama

drown B1

/dɹaʊn/ die from being submerged in water, getting water into the lungs, and asphyxiating

drunk B1

/dɹʌŋk/ Intoxicated as a result of excessive alcohol consumption, usually by drinking alcoholic beverages.

dude B1

/duːd/ A man, generally a younger man.

dull B1

/dʊl/ (of business) not active or brisk

dump B1

/dʌmp/ a place where supplies can be stored

dustbin B1

/ˈdʌstbɪn/ A bin for holding rubbish until it can be collected; a garbage can.

dusty B1

/ˈdʌsti/ covered with a layer of dust

duty B1

/ˈdjuː.ti/ the social force that binds you to the courses of action demanded by that force

duty-free B1

exempt from duty

duvet B1

/d(j)uːˈveɪ/ A quilt or usually flat cloth bag with a filling (traditionally down) and usually an additional washable cover, used instead of blankets; often called a comforter or quilt, especially in US English.

dynasty B1

/ˈdaɪnəsti/ A series of rulers or dynasts from one family.

eager B1

/iɡə/ having or showing keen interest or intense desire or impatient expectancy

eagerness B1

/ˈiɡɚnəs/ The state or quality of being eager; ardent desire.

earache B1

/ˈiɹeɪk/ Annoyance or aggravation caused by noise, especially the sound of someone nagging, complaining, issuing orders, etc.

earnest B1

/ˈɝ.nɪst/ characterized by a firm and humorless belief in the validity of your opinions

eastern B1

/ˈi.stɚn/ lying toward or situated in the east

easygoing B1

/ˈiːziːˈgoʊɪŋ/ relaxed and informal in attitude or standards

eco B1

/ˈikoʊ/ Clipping of ecological: environmentally friendly or sensitive.

ecological B1

/ˌiːkəˈlɒd͡ʒɪkl̩/ of or relating to the science of ecology

ecology B1

/ɪˈkɑ.lə.d͡ʒi/ the environment as it relates to living organisms

economic B1

/ˌɛkəˈnɑmɪk/ using the minimum of time or resources necessary for effectiveness

economics B1

/ˌɛkəˈnɑmɪks/ Now chiefly home economics: the art or science of household management, especially relating to the appropriate organization of resources; housekeeping.

economy B1

/iˈkɑ.nə.mi/ frugality in the expenditure of money or resources

ecosystem B1

/ˈikoʊˌsɪstəm/ A system formed by an ecological community and its environment that functions as a unit.

ecstasy B1

/ˈek.stə.si/ Intense pleasure.

edge B1

/ed͡ʒ/ a sharp side formed by the intersection of two surfaces of an object

edition B1

/ˈɛɖ.ɪ.ʃən/ the form in which a text, especially a printed book, is published

educate B1

/ˈɛd͡ʒ.ʊˌkeɪt/ give an education to

effective B1

/ɪˈfɛktɪv/ able to accomplish a purpose

efficiency B1

/ɪˈfɪʃ.ən.si/ skillfulness in avoiding wasted time and effort

efficient B1

/ɪˈfɪʃənt/ being effective without wasting time or effort or expense

elbow B1

/[ˈæ̝wbɐw]/ the part of a sleeve that covers the elbow joint

election B1

/əˈlɛkʃ(ə)n/ a vote to select the winner of a position or political office

electrical B1

/ɪˈlɛktɹɪkəl/ relating to or concerned with electricity

electricity B1

/ɪˌlɛkˈtɹɪsɪti/ keen and shared excitement

electron B1

/ɪˈlɛk.tɹɑn/ an elementary particle with negative charge

electronic B1

/ɪˌlɛkˈtɹɑ.nɪk/ of or concerned with electrons

element B1

/ˈɛləmənt/ the most favorable environment for a plant or animal

eliminate B1

/ɪˈlɪm.ɪ.neɪt/ terminate, end, or take out

embarrass B1

/ɪmˈbæɹəs/ to humiliate; to disrupt somebody's composure or comfort with acting publicly or freely; to abash.

embarrassed B1

/ɪmˈbɛɹ.əst/ made to feel uncomfortable because of shame or wounded pride

embarrassment B1

/ɪmˈbæɹ.əs.mənt/ extreme excess

emerge B1

/ɪˈmɝd͡ʒ/ come out into view, as from concealment

emotion B1

/ɪˈmoʊ.ʃən/ Movement; agitation.

emotional B1

/ɪˈmoʊʃənəl/ excessively affected by emotion

emotionally B1

/ɪˈmoʊʃənəli/ with regard to emotions

emperor B1

/ˈemp(ə)ɹə/ The male monarch or ruler of an empire.

emphasis B1

/ˈɛmfəsɪs/ the relative prominence of a syllable or musical note, especially with regard to stress or pitch

emphasize B1

/ˈɛmfəˌsaɪz/ to stress, single out as important

empire B1

/ˈɛmˌpaɪ̯ɹ/ a group of countries under a single authority

employment B1

/ɪmˈplɔɪmənt/ the occupation for which you are paid

enable B1

/ɛˈnebɪl/ render capable or able for some task

enclose B1

/ənˈkloʊz/ surround completely

encounter B1

/ɪnˈkaʊntɚ/ To meet (someone) or find (something), especially unexpectedly.

encouragement B1

/[ɪnˈkʌɹɪd͡ʒmənt]/ Something that incites, supports, promotes, protects or advances; incentive

encouraging B1

/ɪnˈkɝɹɪd͡ʒɪŋ/ giving courage or confidence or hope

encyclopedia B1

/ənˌsəɪ.kləˈpi.di.ə/ A comprehensive reference work (often spanning several printed volumes) with articles (usually arranged in alphabetical order, or sometimes arranged by category) on a range of subjects, sometimes general, sometimes limited to a particular field.

endanger B1

/ɛnˈdeɪnd͡ʒɚ/ To put (someone or something) in danger; to risk causing harm to.

endless B1

/ˈɛndlɪs/ having the ends united so as to form a continuous whole

endure B1

/ɪnˈd͡ʒʊə(ɹ)/ To continue or carry on, despite obstacles or hardships; to persist.

enemy B1

/ˈɛn.ə.mi/ any hostile group of people

engage B1

/ɪnˈɡeɪd͡ʒ/ get caught

engaged B1

/ɪnˈɡeɪd͡ʒd/ built against or attached to a wall

engine B1

/ˈɪnd͡ʒɪn/ an instrument or machine that is used in warfare, such as a battering ram, catapult, artillery piece, etc.

engineering B1

/ˌɛn.d͡ʒɪˈnɪ(ə)ɹ.ɪŋ/ the discipline dealing with the art or science of applying scientific knowledge to practical problems

Englishman B1

/ˈɪŋ.lɪʃ.mən/ A native or inhabitant of England; a man who is English by ancestry, birth, descent, or naturalisation.

enjoyable B1

/ɛnˈd͡ʒɔɪ.ə.bl̩/ affording satisfaction or pleasure

enjoyment B1

/ɪnˈd͡ʒɔɪ.mənt/ The condition of enjoying anything.

enrich B1

/ɪnˈɹɪt͡ʃ/ make better or improve in quality

ensure B1

/ɪnˈʃɔː(ɹ)/ make certain of

entertain B1

/ˌɛntɚˈteɪn/ take into consideration, have in view

entertainer B1

/ˌɛntɚˈteɪnɚ/ One who accommodates guests.

enthusiasm B1

/ɪnˈθuziæzəm/ a lively interest

enthusiast B1

/ənˈθuziˌɪst/ A person filled with or guided by enthusiasm.

enthusiastic B1

/ɪnˌθuːziˈæstɪk/ having or showing great excitement and interest

entire B1

/ɪnˈtaɪɚ/ (used of domestic animals) sexually competent

entirely B1

/ɪnˈtaɪɹli/ without any others being included or involved

entry B1

/ˈɛntɹi/ The act of entering.

environmental B1

/ənˌvaɪ.ɚnˈmɛn.təl/ concerned with the ecological effects of altering the environment

environmentalist B1

/ɪnˌvaɪrənˈmɛntəlɪst/ One who advocates for the protection of the environment and biosphere from misuse from human activity through such measures as ecosystem protection, waste reduction and pollution prevention.

equal B1

/ˈiːkwəl/ having the requisite qualities or resources to meet a task

equality B1

/ɪˈkwɑ.lɪ.ti/ The fact of being equal.

equally B1

/ˈiːkwəli/ to the same degree (often followed by `as')

equipment B1

/ɪˈkwɪp.mənt/ The act of equipping, or the state of being equipped, as for a voyage or expedition.

era B1

/iə.ɹə/ a major division of geological time

essence B1

/ˈɛsəns/ The inherent nature of a thing or idea.

essential B1

/ɪˈsɛn.ʃəl/ basic and fundamental

establishment B1

/ɪˈstæblɪʃmənt/ The act or process of establishing; a ratifying or ordaining; settlement; confirmation.

estimate B1

/ˈɛs.tɪ.mət/ a judgment of the qualities of something or somebody

eternal B1

/ɪˈtɝ.nl̩/ Lasting forever; unending.

eternity B1

/ɪˈtɝnɪti/ Existence without end, infinite time.

evenly B1

/ˈiːvənli/ So as to form a flat surface.

eventually B1

/ɪˈvɛn.t͡ʃu.ə.li/ In the end; at some later time, especially after a long time, a series of problems, struggles, delays or setbacks.

evident B1

/ˈɛv.ə.dənt/ Obviously true by simple observation.

exact B1

/ɪɡˈzækt/ marked by strict and particular and complete accordance with fact

examination B1

/ɪɡˌzæməˈneɪʃən/ The act of examining.

examine B1

/ɪɡˈzæmɪn/ observe, check out, and look over carefully or inspect

examiner B1

/əɡˈzæmɪnɚ/ an investigator who observes carefully

excellence B1

/ˈɛksələns/ The quality of being excellent; brilliance

excess B1

/ˈɛksɛs/ more than is needed, desired, or required

exchange rate B1

excitedly B1

/ɪkˈsaɪtədli/ In an excited manner.

excitement B1

/ɪkˈsaɪtmənt/ something that agitates and arouses

exclusive B1

/ɪksˈkluːsɪv/ not divided or shared with others

exhausted B1

/ɪɡˈzɔstɪd/ depleted of energy, force, or strength

existence B1

/ɛɡˈzɪs.təns/ The state of being, existing, or occurring; beinghood.

exit B1

/ˈeɪɡzɪt/ An act of going out or going away, or leaving; a departure.

expand B1

/ɪkˈspænd/ become larger in size or volume or quantity

expense B1

/ɪkˈspɛns/ a detriment or sacrifice

experienced B1

/ɪkˈspɪɹ.i.ənst/ having experience

experiment B1

/ɪkˈspɛɹ.ə.mənt/ a venture at something new or different

exploration B1

/ˌɛkspləˈɹeɪʃən/ a systematic consideration

explosion B1

/ɛkˈsploʊ.ʒən/ the act of exploding or bursting

expose B1

/ɪkˈspoʊz/ the exposure of an impostor or a fraud

extend B1

/ɛkˈstɛnd/ prolong the time allowed for payment of

extensively B1

/ɪkˈstɛn.sɪv.li/ in a widespread way

extent B1

/ɪkˈstɛnt/ the distance or area or volume over which something extends

extinct B1

/ɪkˈstɪŋkt/ (of e.g. volcanos) permanently inactive

extinction B1

/ɪkˈstɪŋkʃən/ complete annihilation

extraordinary B1

/ɪks.tɹɑːˈɔː.dɪn.nə.ɹiː/ far more than usual or expected

extreme B1

/ɪkˈstɹim/ most distant in any direction

extreme sports B1

eyesight B1

/ˈaɪˌsaɪt/ Vision or the faculty of sight.

face to face B1

face-to-face B1

/ˈfeɪstuːˈfeɪs/ within each other's presence

facility B1

/fəˈsɪlɪti/ a service that an organization or a piece of equipment offers you

fade B1

/fæɪd/ Weak; insipid; tasteless.

failure B1

/ˈfeɪ.ljəɹ/ an unexpected omission

faint B1

/ˈfeɪnt/ lacking conviction or boldness or courage

faithful B1

/ˈfeɪθ.fl̩/ steadfast in affection or allegiance

fake B1

/feɪ̯k/ speak insincerely or without regard for facts or truths

fallen B1

/ˈfaːlən/ killed in battle

fantasy B1

/ˈfæntəsi/ imagination unrestricted by reality

faraway B1

/ˈfɑɹəweɪ/ very far away in space or time

farewell B1

/fɛɹˈwɛl/ the act of departing politely

farming B1

/ˈfɑɹmɪŋ/ agriculture considered as an occupation or way of life

farmland B1

/ˈfɑːɹmlænd/ Land that is suitable for farming and agricultural production.

farther B1

/ˈfɑɹðɚ/ to or at a greater distance in time or space (`farther' is used more frequently than `further' in this physical sense)

farthest B1

/ˈfɑɹðɪst/ to the greatest distance in space or time (`farthest' is used more often than `furthest' in this physical sense)

fascinate B1

/ˈfæsɪneɪt/ to render motionless, as with a fixed stare or by arousing terror or awe

fashionable B1

/ˈfæʃənəbl̩/ being or in accordance with current social fashions

fasten B1

/ˈfæsn̩/ attach to

favorable B1

/ˈfeɪ.vɚ.əbl/ presaging or likely to bring good luck

fax B1

/fæks/ send something via a facsimile machine

feast B1

/fiːst/ something experienced with great delight

fellow B1

/ˈfɛloʊ/ an informal form of address for a man

ferry B1

/ˈfeɹi/ To carry; transport; convey.

festive B1

/ˈfɛstɪv/ offering fun and gaiety, often associated with a holiday

fetch B1

/fɑt͡ʃ/ take away or remove

feverishly B1

/ˈfi.vɚ.ɪʃ.li/ in a feverish manner

fifth B1

/ˈfɪfθ/ position five in a countable series of things

filling B1

/ˈfɪlɪŋ/ a dental appliance consisting of any of various substances, such as metal or plastic, inserted into a prepared cavity in a tooth

film-maker B1

Alternative spelling of filmmaker.

filter B1

/ˈfɪltɚ/ remove by passing through a filter

finance B1

/ˈfaɪnæns/ obtain or provide money for

financial B1

/faɪˈnænʃəl/ Related to finances.

finding B1

/ˈfaɪndɪŋ/ something that is found

finger B1

/ˈfɪŋɡɚ/ any of the terminal members of the hand, sometimes excepting the thumb

fire station B1

firefighter B1

/ˈfaɪ.ɚˌfaɪ.tɚ/ A person who has been trained to put out fires.

firework B1

/ˈfaɪɚˌwɚk/ A device using gunpowder and other chemicals which, when lit, emits a combination of coloured flames, sparks, whistles or bangs, and sometimes made to rocket high into the sky before exploding, used for entertainment or celebration.

firm B1

/fɜɹm/ with resolute determination

firmly B1

/ˈfɝmli/ with resolute determination

first floor B1

first lady B1

first-floor B1

fitness B1

/ˈfɪt.nəs/ the quality of being suitable

flash B1

/flæʃ/ tastelessly showy

flavor B1

/ˈfleɪvɚ/ The quality produced by the sensation of taste or, especially, of taste and smell in combined effect.

flock B1

/flɑk/ move as a crowd or in a group

flow B1

/ˈfloʊ̯/ move or progress freely as if in a stream

flu B1

/flʉː/ Influenza.

fluent B1

/ˈfluənt/ expressing yourself readily, clearly, effectively

fluently B1

/ˈfluːəntli/ in a fluent manner

flunk B1

/flʌŋk/ Of a student, to fail a class; to not pass.

flute B1

/flu(ː)t/ A woodwind instrument consisting of a tube with a row of holes that produce sound through vibrations caused by air blown across the edge of the holes, often tuned by plugging one or more holes with a finger; the Western concert flute, a transverse side-blown flute of European origin.

fold B1

/ˈfɒld/ the act of folding

folk B1

/foʊk/ people in general, often used in the plural

fond B1

/fɑnd/ absurd or silly because unlikely

fondness B1

/ˈfɑndnəs/ a predisposition to like something

foolish B1

/ˈfuː.lɪʃ/ having or revealing stupidity

foot B1

/fʊt/ travel by walking

forbidden B1

/fɚˈbɪ.dn̩/ excluded from use or mention

forecast B1

/ˈfɔɹkæst/ To estimate how something will be in the future.

forehead B1

/ˈfɔɹˌhɛd/ The part of the face above the eyebrows and below the hairline.

forgive B1

/fɚˈɡɪv/ absolve from payment

formal B1

/ˈfɔɹməl/ being in accord with established forms and conventions and requirements (as e.g. of formal dress)

formally B1

/ˈfɔɹ.mə.li/ in a formal manner

format B1

/ˈfɔːɹ.mæt/ divide (a disk) into marked sectors so that it may store data

former B1

/ˈfɔɹmɚ/ the first of two or the first mentioned of two

formula B1

/ˈfɔɹ.mjə.lə/ Any mathematical rule expressed symbolically.

forth B1

/fɔɹθ/ out into view

fortnight B1

/ˈfɔɹt.naɪt/ a period of fourteen consecutive days

fortunate B1

/ˈfɔɹ.t͡ʃə.nɪt/ presaging good fortune

foundation B1

/ˌfæʊ̯nˈdeɪ̯ʃən/ education or instruction in the fundamentals of a field of knowledge

fountain B1

/[ˈfaʊn.tn̩]/ A natural source of water; a spring.

fragment B1

/ˈfɹæɡmənt/ an incomplete piece

freely B1

/ˈfɹili/ in a free manner

freezer B1

/ˈfɹizɚ/ An appliance or room used to store food or other perishable items at temperatures below 0° Celsius (32° Fahrenheit).

freezing B1

/ˈfriːzɪŋ/ The freezing point of water, zero degrees celsius.

frequency B1

/ˈfɹiːkwənsi/ the number of occurrences within a given time period

frequent B1

/ˈfriːkwənt/ frequently encountered

frequently B1

/ˈfriːkwəntli/ At frequent intervals.

freshman B1

/ˈfɹɛʃ.mən/ used of a person in the first year of an experience (especially in United States high school or college)

friendliness B1

/ˈfɹɛndlinəs/ The quality of being friendly.

fright B1

/fɹʌit/ cause fear in

frost B1

/fɹɔst/ damage by frost

frozen B1

/ˈfɹoʊzn̩/ incapable of being changed or moved or undone

frustrated B1

/ˈfɹʌs.tɹeɪ.tɪd/ Suffering from frustration; dissatisfied, agitated, discontent and/or slightly angry because one is unable to perform an action or fulfill a desire, or something happened or someone else did something in a way one did not hope for, expect, or desire.

frustration B1

/fɹʌsˈtɹeɪ.ʃən/ a feeling of annoyance at being hindered or criticized

frying pan B1

fuel B1

/ˈfjuːəl/ a substance that can be consumed to produce energy

full stop B1

full-time B1

/ˌfʊl ˈtaɪm/ for the standard number of hours

fund B1

/ˈfʌnd/ furnish money for

funeral B1

/ˈfju.nəɹ.əl/ a ceremony at which a dead person is buried or cremated

fur B1

/fɝ/ An animal pelt used to make, trim or line clothing.

furnish B1

/ˈfɝnɪʃ/ provide or equip with furniture

furthermore B1

/ˈfɝ.ðɚˌmoɹ/ In addition; besides; further; what's more (i.e. to denote additional information).

furthest B1

/ˈfɜː(ɹ)ðɪst/ to the greatest degree or extent or most advanced stage; 'furthest' is used more often than 'farthest' in this abstract sense

fuss B1

/fʊs/ care for like a mother

gain B1

/ɡeɪn/ increase one's body weight

gall B1

/ɡɔːl/ irritate or vex

gallon B1

/ˈɡælən/ an imperial capacity measure equal to 4 quarts or 4.545 liters

gap B1

/ɡɛp/ a conspicuous disparity or difference as between two figures

gardening B1

/ˈɡɑɹ.dən.ɪŋ/ The process or action of cultivating the soil, particularly in a garden; the care of a garden; horticulture.

garment B1

/ˈɡɑɹ.mənt/ an article of clothing

gay B1

/ɡeɪ/ given to social pleasures often including dissipation

gee B1

/d͡ʒiː/ turn to the right side

gene B1

/d͡ʒiːn/ A theoretical unit of heredity of living organisms which may take several values and (in principle) predetermines a precise trait of an organism's form (phenotype), such as hair color.

general B1

/ˈd͡ʒen.(ə.)ɹəl/ prevailing among and common to the general public

generally B1

/ˈd͡ʒɛn.ɚ.li/ Popularly or widely.

generate B1

/ˈd͡ʒɛn.ɚ.eɪt/ bring into existence

generous B1

/ˈdʒɛnɝəs/ more than adequate

genetic B1

/d͡ʒəˈnɛt.ɪk/ of or relating to the science of genetics

genetically B1

/d͡ʒəˈneɾɪkli/ by genetic mechanisms

genetics B1

/ˈdʒɛ.nə.ʈɪks/ The branch of biology that deals with the transmission and variation of inherited characteristics, in particular chromosomes and DNA.

gentleman B1

/ˈd͡ʒɛn.təl.mən/ Any well-bred, well-mannered, or charming man.

geographical B1

/d͡ʒiəˈɡɹæfɪkl̩/ Of or relating to geography.

geography B1

/d͡ʒiˈɑɡɹəfi/ The study of the physical properties of the earth, including how humans affect and are affected by them.

geology B1

/d͡ʒiˈɑ.lə.dʒi/ The geological structure of a region.

gesture B1

/ˈd͡ʒɛs.t͡ʃɚ/ something done as an indication of intention

giant B1

/ˈd͡ʒaɪ.ənt/ an unusually large enterprise

gifted B1

/ˈɡɪftɪd/ endowed with talent or talents

giggle B1

/ˈɡɪɡl̩/ laugh nervously

ginger B1

/ˈd͡ʒɪnd͡ʒɚ/ having a bright orange-brown color, especially hair or fur

giraffe B1

/dʒɪˈɹaf/ A ruminant, of the genus Giraffa, of the African savannah with long legs and highly elongated neck, making them the tallest living animal; yellow fur patterned with dark spots, often in the form of a network; and two or more short, skin-covered horns, so-called; strictly speaking the horn-like projections are ossicones.

glance B1

/ɡlæns/ To turn (one's eyes or look) at something, often briefly.

glide B1

/ˈɡlaɪd/ To move softly, smoothly, or effortlessly.

glimpse B1

/ˈglɪmps/ a brief or incomplete view

glint B1

/ɡlɪnt/ A short flash of light, usually when reflected off a shiny surface.

global B1

/ˈɡlɐʉbəl/ Concerning all parts of the world.

glorious B1

/ˈɡlɔɹ.i.əs/ having great beauty and splendor

glory B1

/ˈɡloɹ.i/ brilliant radiant beauty

goalkeeper B1

/ˈɡɔːl.kiːpɚ/ A designated player that attempts to prevent the opposing team from scoring by protecting a goal.

goddess B1

/ˈɡɑdəs/ A female deity.

golfer B1

/ˈɡɒlfə(ɹ)/ Someone who plays golf.

goodness B1

/ˈɡʊdnəs/ The state or characteristic of being good.

goods B1

/ˈgʊdz/ Ellipsis of goods train.

gorgeous B1

/ˈɡɔɹ.d͡ʒəs/ dazzlingly beautiful

gorilla B1

/ɡəˈɹɪl.ə/ An ape of the genus Gorilla; endemic to the forests of Central Africa and typified by superlative physical size and strength in relation to other primates.

gossip B1

/ˈɡɑsəp/ a report (often malicious) about the behavior of other people

govern B1

/ˈɡʌv.ɚn/ direct or strongly influence the behavior of

governor B1

/ˈɡʌv(ə)nə(ɹ)/ The chief executive officer of a first-level administrative division of a country.

gown B1

/ˈɡæʊ̯n/ the members of a university as distinguished from the other residents of the town in which the university is located

grab B1

/ɡɹæb/ capture the attention or imagination of

graceful B1

/ˈgreɪsfəl/ Having or showing grace in movement, shape, or proportion.

graduation B1

/ˌɡɹæd͡ʒuˈeɪʃən/ a line (as on a vessel or ruler) that marks a measurement

grant B1

/ɡɹænt/ be willing to concede

graph B1

/ɡɹæf/ A data chart (graphical representation of data) intended to illustrate the relationship between a set (or sets) of numbers (quantities, measurements or indicative numbers) and a reference set, whose elements are indexed to those of the former set(s) and may or may not be numbers.

graphic B1

/ˈɡɹæfɪk/ describing nudity or sexual activity in graphic detail

graphics B1

/ˈɡɹæfɪks/ The art or visual representations displayed by a computer.

gratitude B1

/ˈɡɹætɪtjud/ a feeling of thankfulness and appreciation

grave B1

/ɡɹeɪv/ dignified and somber in manner or character and committed to keeping promises

gravy B1

/ˈɡɹeɪvi/ A thick sauce made from the fat or juices that come out from meat or vegetables as they are being cooked.

greenhouse B1

/ˈɡɹːnˌ(h)aʊs/ of or relating to or caused by the greenhouse effect

greeting B1

/ˈɡɹiːtɪŋ/ A conventional phrase used to start a letter or conversation or otherwise to acknowledge a person's arrival or presence.

grill B1

/ɡɹɪl/ a framework of metal bars used as a partition or a grate

groom B1

/ɡɹum/ care for one's external appearance

ground floor B1

grouping B1

/ˈɡɹuːpɪŋ/ A collection of things or people united as a group.

growth B1

/ɡɹoʊθ/ vegetation that has grown

guarantee B1

/ˌɡæɹ.ənˈtiː/ an unconditional commitment that something will happen or that something is true

guidance B1

/ˈɡaɪdəns/ Advice or counselling on some topic.

guide B1

/ɡaɪd/ use as a guide

guilt B1

/ˈgɪlt/ Regret for having done wrong.

guilty B1

/ˈɡɪl.ti/ showing a sense of guilt

guitarist B1

/ˌgɪˈtɑːrɪst/ a musician who plays the guitar

gym B1

/d͡ʒɪm/ Clipping of gymnasium; especially, a school gymnasium.

gymnastics B1

/dʒɪmˈnæstɪks/ A sport involving the performance of sequences of movements requiring physical strength, flexibility, and kinesthetic awareness.

habitat B1

/ˈhæb.ɪ.tæt/ the type of environment in which an organism or group normally lives or occurs

hairdresser B1

/ˈhɛrˌdrɛsɝ/ A person who cuts or styles hair as an occupation or profession.

hairdryer B1

A small electrical appliance for drying hair, by generating a stream of hot air.

hammer B1

/ˈhæm.ɚ/ the act of pounding, particularly delivering repeated heavy blows

handball B1

/ˈhændˌbɔl/ The offence of a player other than the goalkeeper touching the ball with the hand or arm on the field during play.

hand-held B1

/ˈhændˌhɛld/ small and light enough to be operated while you hold it in your hands

handkerchief B1

/ˈhæŋkɚt͡ʃəf/ A piece of cloth, usually square and often fine and elegant, carried for wiping the face, eyes, nose or hands.

handshake B1

/ˈhæn(d)ˌʃeɪk/ The grasping of hands by two people when greeting, leave-taking, or making an agreement.

handwriting B1

/ˈhændɹaɪtɪŋ/ the activity of writing by hand

handy B1

/ˈhæn.di/ easy to reach

hang B1

/ˈhæŋ/ the way a garment hangs

hanging B1

/ˈhæŋ.ɪŋ/ the act of suspending something (hanging it from above so it moves freely)

harbor B1

/ˈhɑɹbɚ/ hold back a thought or feeling about

hardship B1

/ˈhɑɹdˌʃɪp/ something that causes or entails suffering

hard-working B1

/ˌhɑːrˈdwɝːkɪŋ/ Alternative form of hardworking.

harness B1

/ˈhɑɹ.nəs/ exploit the power of

hasty B1

/ˈheɪsti/ excessively quick

hatch B1

/hæt͡ʃ/ sit on eggs

hatred B1

/hetɹɪd/ A strong aversion; an intense dislike.

haunt B1

/hɔnt/ be a regular or frequent visitor to a certain place

haven B1

/ˈheɪvən/ A harbour or anchorage protected from the sea.

hazard B1

/ˈhæzɚd/ The chance of suffering harm; danger, peril, risk of loss.

headline B1

/ˈhɛdˌlaɪn/ The heading or title of a magazine or newspaper article.

heal B1

/hil/ get healthy again

healing B1

/ˈhiːlɪŋ/ tending to cure or restore to health

hearing B1

/ˈhɪɹ.ɪŋ/ a proceeding, usually by a court, where evidence is taken for the purpose of determining an issue of fact and reaching a decision based on that evidence

heart attack B1

hearted B1

/ˈhɑɹtɪd/ Having a specified kind or number of heart.

hearty B1

/ˈhɑɹti/ without reservation

heater B1

/ˈhitɚ/ A device that produces and radiates heat, typically to raise the temperature of a room or building.

heaven B1

/ˈhɛvən/ in religions, often a place where gods, angels, and other beings live

heavenly B1

/ˈhɛvənli/ Of or pertaining to Heaven, the eternal celestial abode of God or the gods.

heel B1

/hil/ tilt to one side

height B1

/haɪt/ The distance from the base to the top of something.

helmet B1

/ˈhɛlmɪt/ A hard, protective head covering, typically part of armour.

helpless B1

/ˈhɛlplɪs/ unable to manage independently

herd B1

/hɝd/ keep, move, or drive animals

hesitate B1

/ˈhɛz.ə.teɪt/ pause or hold back in uncertainty or unwillingness

hidden B1

/ˈhɪd(ə)n/ difficult to find

highlight B1

/ˈhaɪˌlaɪt/ the most interesting or memorable part

highly B1

/ˈhaɪli/ in a high position or level or rank

hip B1

/hɪp/ In a bridge truss, the place where an inclined end post meets the top chord.

hire B1

/haɪɹ/ the act of engaging something or someone for a service

historian B1

/hɪˈstɔɹi.ən/ One who studies or researches history.

historic B1

/hɪˈstɔɹɪk/ important in history

historical B1

/hɪˈstɔɹɪkəl/ having once lived or existed or taken place in the real world as distinct from being legendary

HIV B1

/ˌeɪtʃˌaɪˈviː/ Initialism of human immunodeficiency virus.

holy B1

/ˈhoʊli/ Dedicated to a religious purpose or a god.

homeless B1

/ˈhoʊmlɪs/ poor people who unfortunately do not have a home to live in

honest B1

/ˈɑ.nɪst/ gained or earned without cheating or stealing

honestly B1

/ˈɑ.nɪst.li/ in an honest manner

honesty B1

/ˈɑ.nɪ.sti/ The act, quality, or condition of being honest.

honeymoon B1

/ˈhʌn.iˌmuːn/ spend a holiday after one's marriage

hop B1

/hɑp/ travel by means of an aircraft, bus, et cetera

hopeful B1

/ˈhoʊpfl̩/ having or manifesting hope

hopefully B1

/ˈhoʊp.fə.li/ it is hoped

hopeless B1

/ˈhoʊplɪs/ beyond hope of management or reform

horizon B1

/həˈɹaɪ.zən/ the range of interest or activity that can be anticipated

horn B1

/hɔɹn/ a device having the shape of a horn

horrible B1

/ˈhɔɹ.ɪ.bəl/ A thing that causes horror; a terrifying thing, particularly a prospective bad consequence asserted as likely to result from an act.

horrify B1

/ˈhɔɹəfaɪ/ To cause to feel extreme apprehension or unease; to cause to experience horror.

hostel B1

/ˈhɑstəl/ A commercial overnight lodging place, with dormitory accommodation and shared facilities, especially a youth hostel.

household B1

/ˈhaʊshoʊld/ Collectively, all the persons who live in a given house; a family including attendants, servants etc.; a domestic or family establishment.

housework B1

/ˈhaʊsˌwɝk/ domestic household chores such as cleaning and cooking

huge B1

/hjud͡ʒ/ unusually great in size or amount or degree or especially extent or scope

humanity B1

/hjuˈmænɪti/ Humankind; human beings as a group.

humid B1

/ˈhjuːmɪd/ containing or characterized by a great deal of water vapor

humor B1

/ˈhjuːmɚ/ the trait of appreciating and being able to express the humorous

humorous B1

/ˈhjuːməɹəs/ full of or characterized by humor

hunger B1

/ˈhʌŋɡɚ/ strong desire for something, but not food or drink

hunt B1

/hʌnt/ an instance of searching for something

hurriedly B1

/ˈhɝɪdli/ in a hurried or hasty manner

hut B1

/hʌt/ A small, simple one-storey dwelling or shelter, often with just one room, and generally built of readily available local materials.

ice hockey B1

ice skating B1

identity B1

/aɪˈdɛn(t)ɪti/ the distinct personality of an individual regarded as a persisting entity

identity card B1

idiom B1

/ˈɪdiəm/ the style of a particular artist or school or movement

idol B1

/ˈaɪ.dl̩/ A graven image or representation of anything that is revered, or believed to convey spiritual power.

ignore B1

/ɪɡˈnoɹ/ To deliberately not listen or pay attention to.

illegally B1

/ɪˈliːɡəli/ in an illegal manner

illness B1

/ˈɪl.nəs/ An instance of a disease or poor health.

illuminate B1

/ɪˈl(j)umɪneɪt/ To shine light on something.

imaginary B1

/ɪˈmæd͡ʒɪˌn(ɛ)ɹi/ Existing only in the imagination.

imitate B1

/ˈɪmɪteɪt/ reproduce someone's behavior or looks

immediate B1

/ɪˈmi.di.ɪt/ having no intervening medium

immediately B1

/ɪˈmi.di.ɪt.li/ near or close by

immigrate B1

/ˈɪməˌgreɪt/ come into a new country and change residency

immigration B1

/ˌɪmɪˈɡɹeɪʃən/ the body of immigrants arriving during a specified interval

impair B1

/ɪmˈpɛɹ/ make worse or less effective

impression B1

/ɪmˈpɹɛʃn̩/ the act of pressing one thing on or into the surface of another

impressive B1

/ɪmˈpɹɛsɪv/ producing a strong effect

improper B1

/ɪmˈpɹɔp.ə/ not suitable or right or appropriate

improvement B1

/ɪmˈpɹuːvmənt/ the act of improving something

incident B1

/ˈɪn.sɪ.dənt/ (sometimes followed by `to') minor or casual or subordinate in significance or nature or occurring as a chance concomitant or consequence

including B1

/ɪnˈkluːdɪŋ/ Such as, among which; introducing one or more parts of the group or topic just mentioned.

income B1

/ˈɪnˌkʌm/ Money one earns by working or by capitalising on the work of others.

inconvenient B1

/ˌɪnkənˈviːnjənt/ not suited to your comfort, purpose or needs

incorrect B1

/ˌɪn.kəˈɹekt/ Not correct; erroneous or wrong.

increasingly B1

/ˌɪnˈkriːsɪŋgli/ advancing in amount or intensity

incredible B1

/ɪŋˈkɹɛdəbəl/ beyond belief or understanding

incredibly B1

/ɪŋˈkɹɛdɪbli/ not easy to believe

indefinite article B1

independent B1

/ˌɪn.dɪˈpɛn.dənt/ free from external control and constraint

indirect B1

/ˌɪn.dɪˈɹɛkt/ having intervening factors or persons or influences

indirectly B1

/ˌɪn.dɪˈɹek(t).li/ not in a forthright manner

individual B1

/ɪndɪˈvɪd͡ʒʊəl/ being or characteristic of a single thing or person

indoors B1

/ɪnˈdɔɹz/ Inside, into, or within a building.

industrial B1

/ɪnˈdɐs.tɹi.əl/ suitable to stand up to hard wear

industry B1

/ɪnˈɖəs.ʈri/ the organized action of making of goods and services for sale

inevitable B1

/ɪˈnɛvɪtəbəl/ incapable of being avoided or prevented

infection B1

/ɪnˈfɛkʃən/ in international law, an illegality that taints or contaminates a ship or cargo rendering it liable to seizure

infinitive B1

/ɪnˈfɪnɪtɪv/ The infinitive mood or mode (a grammatical mood).

inform B1

/ɪnˈfɔɹm/ give character or essence to

informative B1

/ɪnˈfɔɹmətɪv/ Providing information; especially, providing useful or interesting information.

ingredient B1

/ɪnˈɡɹiːdi.ənt/ One of the substances present in a mixture, especially food.

inhabitant B1

/ɪnˈhæb.ɪ.tənt/ Someone or thing who lives in a place.

inhale B1

/ˌɪnˈheɪl/ to draw in air

initial B1

/ɪˈnɪʃəl/ occurring at the beginning

initially B1

/ɪˈnɪʃəli/ At the beginning.

inject B1

/ɪnˈd͡ʒɛkt/ give an injection to

injury B1

/ˈɪn.d͡ʒɚ.i/ Damage to the body of a living thing.

ink B1

/ˈɪŋk/ fill with ink

innermost B1

/ˈɪnɚmoʊst/ situated or occurring farthest within

innocent B1

/ˈɪnəsənt/ (used of things) lacking sense or awareness

innovator B1

/ˈɪnəˌveɪtəɹ/ Someone who innovates; a creator of new ideas.

inquiry B1

/ɪnˈkwaɪ(ə)ɹi/ A search for truth, information, or knowledge; examination of facts or principles; research; investigation; inquest.

insane B1

/ɪnˈseɪn/ afflicted with or characteristic of mental derangement

inscribe B1

/ɪnˈskɹaɪb/ To write or cut (words) onto (something, especially a hard surface, or a book to be given to another person); to engrave.

inscription B1

/ɪnˈskɹɪpʃən/ The act of inscribing.

insight B1

/ˈɪnsaɪ̯t/ A sight or view of the interior of anything; a deep inspection or view; introspection; frequently used with into.

insist B1

/ɪnˈsɪst/ be emphatic or resolute and refuse to budge

inspection B1

/ɪnˈspɛkʃən/ The act of examining something, often closely.

inspire B1

/ɪnˈspaɪɹ/ supply the inspiration for

install B1

/ɪnˈstɔl/ set up for use

instance B1

/ˈɪnstəns/ Urgency of manner or words; an urgent request; insistence.

instead of B1

institute B1

/ˈɪnstɪtjuːt/ an association organized to promote art, science, or education

instruction B1

/ɪnˈstɹʌkʃən/ The act of instructing, teaching, or providing with information or knowledge.

instructor B1

/ɪnˈstɹʌktɚ/ One who instructs; a teacher.

insurance B1

/ɪnˈʃɔː.ɹəns/ promise of reimbursement in the case of loss

intend B1

/ɪnˈtɛnd/ design or destine

intense B1

/ˌɪnˈtɛns/ possessing or displaying a distinctive feature to a heightened degree

intensive B1

/ˌɪnˈtɛnsɪv/ tending to give force or emphasis

intention B1

/ɪnˈtɛnʃn̩/ usually plural, the goal with respect to a marriage proposal

intentionally B1

/ɪnˈtɛn(t)ʃənəli/ In an intentional manner; on purpose.

interact B1

/ˌɪn.tɚˈækt/ act together or towards others or with others

interaction B1

/ˌɪn.tɚˈæk.ʃən/ the transfer of energy between elementary particles, between an elementary particle and a field, or between fields

intermediate B1

/ɪn.tə(ɹ)ˈmi.di.ət/ lying between two extremes in time or space or state

intermission B1

/ɪntɚˈmɪʃən/ A break, especially between two performances or sessions, such as at a concert, play, seminar, or religious assembly.

internal B1

/ɪnˈtɜɹ.nəl/ happening or arising or located within some limits or especially surface

internationally B1

/ˌɪntɝˈnæʃənɑːli/ throughout the world

interrupt B1

/ˌɪntəˈɹʌpt/ to terminate

interval B1

/ˈɪntɚvəl/ A distance in space.

interviewee B1

/ˌɪn.tɚ.vjuːˈiː/ Someone being interviewed, i.e. the person answering the questions.

introduction B1

/ˌɪntɹəˈdʌkʃn̩/ a new proposal

invasion B1

/ɪnˈveɪʒən/ (pathology) the spread of pathogenic microorganisms or malignant cells to new sites in the body

invest B1

/ɪnˈvest/ To spend money, time, or energy on something, especially for some benefit or purpose; used with in.

investigation B1

/ɪnˌvɛs.tɪˈɡeɪ.ʃən/ The act of investigating; the process of inquiring into or following up; research, especially patient or thorough inquiry or examination

invitation B1

/ɪn.vɪˈteɪ.ʃən/ a tempting allurement

involuntarily B1

/ɪnˌvɑlənˈtɛɹɪli/ against one's will

involve B1

/ɪnˈvoːv/ make complex or intricate or complicated

involved B1

/ɪnˈvoːvd/ entangled or hindered as if e.g. in mire

iron B1

/æːn/ extremely robust

ironing B1

/ˈaɪɝnɪŋ/ garments (clothes or linens) that are to be (or have been) ironed

irregular B1

/ɪˈɹɛɡ.jə.lɚ/ independent in behavior or thought

irritate B1

/ˈɪɹ.ɪˌteɪt/ excite to an abnormal condition, or chafe or inflame

isle B1

/ˈaɪl/ a small island

isolation B1

/ˌɑesəˈlæɪʃən/ a country's withdrawal from international politics

ivory B1

/ˈaɪv(ə)ɹi/ a shade of white the color of bleached bones

jade B1

/d͡ʒeɪd/ A semiprecious stone, either nephrite or jadeite, generally green or white in color, often used for carving figurines.

jail B1

/d͡ʒeɪl/ a place used to detain persons who are in the lawful custody of the government

jar B1

/d͡ʒɑɹ/ a vessel, usually cylindrical, with a wide mouth and without handles

jazz B1

/d͡ʒæz/ a style of dance music popular in the 1920s

jealous B1

/ˈd͡ʒɛ.ləs/ suspicious or unduly suspicious or fearful of being displaced by a rival

jewel B1

/d͡ʒul/ adorn or decorate with precious stones

jog B1

/d͡ʒɑɡ/ a sharp change in direction

jogging B1

/ˈd͡ʒɑ.ɡɪŋ/ running at a slow pace as a form of cardiopulmonary exercise

joint B1

/d͡ʒɔɪnt/ involving both houses of a legislature

journal B1

/ˈd͡ʒɝnəl/ a daily written record of experiences and observations

journalist B1

/ˈd͡ʒɝnəlɪst/ someone who keeps a diary or journal

judgment B1

/ˈd͡ʒʌd͡ʒ.mənt/ the act of judging or assessing a person or situation or event

jug B1

/d͡ʒʌɡ/ stew in an earthenware jug

juicy B1

/ˈd͡ʒuːsi/ full of juice

jumper B1

/ˈd͡ʒʌmpɚ/ an athlete who competes at jumping

jungle B1

/ˈd͡ʒʌŋ.ɡ(ə)l/ a style of dance music that fuses elements of hip-hop, hardcore, and ragga, consisting almost exclusively of very fast electronic drum tracks and slower synthesized bass lines

justice B1

/ˈd͡ʒɐs.tɪs/ The state or characteristic of being just or fair.

kettle B1

/ˈkɛ.təl/ A vessel for boiling a liquid or cooking food, usually metal and equipped with a lid.

keyboard B1

/ˈki.bɔɹd/ a holder consisting of an arrangement of hooks on which keys or locks can be hung

killing B1

/ˈkɪl.ɪŋ/ very funny

kindness B1

/ˈkaɪnd.nəs/ The state of being kind.

kitten B1

/ˈkɪt.n̩/ a young domestic cat

knit B1

/ˈnɪt/ make (textiles) by knitting

lab B1

/læb/ A laboratory.

laboratory B1

/ˈlæb(ə)ɹəˌtɔɹi/ A place where chemicals, drugs or microbes are prepared or manufactured.

ladder B1

/ˈlæd.ɚ/ ascending stages by which somebody or something can progress

lamb B1

/læm/ give birth to a lamb

landlord B1

/ˈlæn(d).lɔɹd/ A person that leases real property; a lessor.

largely B1

/ˈlɑɹd͡ʒ.li/ on a large scale

lasting B1

/ˈlastɪŋ/ lasting a long time without change

latecomer B1

/ˈleɪtˌkʌm.ɚ/ One who has arrived comparatively recently.

lately B1

/ˈleɪt.li/ Recently; not long ago; of late; not long since.

laughter B1

/ˈlæftɚ/ The sound of laughing, produced by air so expelled; any similar sound.

launch B1

/lɑːnt͡ʃ/ begin with vigor

lawful B1

/ˈlɔfl̩/ conformable to or allowed by law

lay B1

/leɪ/ not of or from a profession

layer B1

/ˈleɪ.əɹ/ make or form a layer

leadership B1

/ˈlidɚʃɪp/ the activity of leading

leading B1

/ˈlidɪŋ/ present participle and gerund of lead

league B1

/liːɡ/ A group or association of cooperating members.

lean B1

/ˈliːn/ not profitable or prosperous

leap B1

/ˈliːp/ the distance leaped (or to be leaped)

lecture B1

/ˈlek.t͡ʃəː/ a lengthy rebuke

legal B1

/ˈli.ɡəl/ allowed by official rules

legally B1

/ˈliːɡəli/ in a legal manner

length B1

/ˈlɛŋkθ/ a section of something that is long and narrow

lessen B1

/ˈlɛsən/ To make less; to diminish; to reduce.

lettuce B1

/ˈlɛt.ɪs/ The leaves of the lettuce plant, eaten as a vegetable; as a dish often mixed with other ingredients, dressing etc.

liar B1

/ˈlaɪ.ɚ/ Someone who tells a lie; especially, a person who frequently lies.

liberate B1

/ˈlɪb.ə.ɹeɪt/ To acquire from another by theft or force: to steal, to rob.

liberation B1

/ˌlɪbəˈɹeɪʃən/ the attempt to achieve equal rights or status

librarian B1

/laɪˈbɹɛɹ.i.ən/ The keeper, manager of a library.

lifeguard B1

/ˈlaɪfˌɡɑɹd/ A bodyguard or unit of bodyguards, a guard of someone's (especially a king's) life or person.

lifelong B1

/ˈlaɪf.lɔːŋ/ continuing through life

lift B1

/lɪft/ the act of raising something

lighter B1

/ˈlaɪtɚ/ a flat-bottomed boat for carrying heavy loads, especially on canals

lightly B1

/ˈlaɪtli/ with indifference or without dejection

lightning B1

/ˈlaɪt.nɪŋ/ the flash of light that accompanies an electric discharge in the atmosphere, or something resembling such a flash

likeness B1

/ˈlaɪknəs/ similarity in appearance or character or nature between persons or things

limit B1

/ˈlɪm.ɪt/ the greatest amount of something that is possible or allowed

limitation B1

/lɪmɪˈteɪʃən/ the quality of being limited or restricted

limited B1

/ˈlɪm.ɪ.tɪd/ not unlimited

limp B1

/lɪmp/ lacking in strength or firmness or resilience

link B1

/lɪŋk/ a fastener that serves to join or connect

liquid B1

/ˈlɪk.wɪd/ clear and bright

literary B1

/ˈlɪtəɹɛ(ə)ɹi/ appropriate to literature rather than everyday speech or writing

literature B1

/ˈlɪt.ɚ.ə.t͡ʃɚ/ the profession or art of a writer

liver B1

/ˈlɪvɚ/ someone who lives in a place

loaf B1

/loʊf/ a quantity of food, other than bread, formed in a particular shape

locate B1

/ˈloʊˌkeɪt/ assign a location to

location B1

/loʊˈkeɪʃən/ a workplace away from a studio at which some or all of a movie may be made

lodge B1

/lɑd͡ʒ/ put, fix, force, or implant

log B1

/lɔɡ/ measuring instrument that consists of a float that trails from a ship by a knotted line in order to measure the ship's speed through the water

logic B1

/ˈlɑ.d͡ʒɪk/ reasoned and reasonable judgment

logo B1

/ˈloʊ.ɡoʊ/ A visual symbol or emblem that acts as a trademark or a means of identification of a company or organization.

lorry B1

/ˈlɔɹi/ A large and heavy motor vehicle designed to carry goods or soldiers; a truck

loss B1

/lɔs/ the act of losing someone or something

lottery B1

/ˈlɑtɚi/ something that is regarded as a chance event

loud B1

/ˈlæʊ̯d/ with relatively high volume

loudspeaker B1

/ˈlaʊdspiːkɚ/ An electromechanical transducer that converts an electrical signal into audible sound.

lovingly B1

/ˈlʌvɪŋli/ In a loving manner, affectionately.

loyal B1

/ˈlɔɪəl/ steadfast in allegiance or duty

loyalty B1

/ˈlɔɪəlti/ The state of being loyal; fidelity.

luggage B1

/ləˈɡed͡ʒ/ The bags and other containers that hold a traveller's belongings.

lung B1

/lʊŋ/ A biological organ of vertebrates that controls breathing and oxygenates the blood.

luxury B1

/ˈlʌɡ.ʒə.ɹi/ Very wealthy and comfortable surroundings; the state of being that they create.

magical B1

/ˈmæd͡ʒ.ɪ.kəl/ Of, relating to, or by means of magic.

magician B1

/məˈd͡ʒɪʃən/ A spiritualist or practitioner of mystic arts.

magnificent B1

/mæɡˈnɪfəsənt/ Grand, elegant or splendid in appearance.

mailbox B1

/ˈmeɪl.bɑks/ A box into which mail is placed.

main B1

/ˈmeɪn/ Of chief or leading importance; prime, principal.

maintain B1

/meɪnˈteɪn/ state or assert

maintenance B1

/ˈmeɪnt(ə)nəns/ the unauthorized interference in a legal action by a person having no interest in it (as by helping one party with money or otherwise to continue the action) so as to obstruct justice or promote unnecessary litigation or unsettle the peace of the community

majority B1

/məˈd͡ʒɑ.ɹɪti/ More than half (50%) of some group.

management B1

/ˈmæn.ɪd͡ʒ.mənt/ the act of managing something

mankind B1

/mænˈkaɪnd/ The human race in its entirety.

maple B1

/ˈmæɪpəl/ wood of any of various maple trees

marble B1

/ˈmɑɹ.bəl/ paint or stain like marble

march B1

/mɑɹt͡ʃ/ a steady advance

marine B1

/məˈɹiːn/ native to or inhabiting the sea

marked B1

/mɑɹkt/ singled out for notice or especially for a dire fate

marriage B1

/ˈmæɹ.ɪd͡ʒ/ two people who are married to each other

mash B1

/mæʃ/ A mess; trouble.

mass B1

/mæs/ the common people generally

massive B1

/ˈmasɪv/ imposing in size or bulk or solidity

mathematician B1

/ˌmɛθ.(ə.)məˈtəʃ.ən/ An expert on mathematics; someone who studies mathematics.

mathematics B1

/mæθ(.ə)ˈmæt.ɪks/ An abstract representational system studying numbers, shapes, structures, quantitative change and relationships between them.

maximum B1

/ˈmæksɪməm/ The highest limit.

mayor B1

/ˈmeɪ.əɹ/ The chief executive of the municipal government of a city, borough, etc., formerly (historical) usually appointed as a caretaker by European royal courts but now usually appointed or elected locally.

meaningful B1

/ˈmi.nɪŋ.fl̩/ having a meaning or purpose

meanwhile B1

/ˈmiːnwaɪl/ during the intervening time

measure B1

/ˈmɛʒ.ɚ/ any maneuver made as part of progress toward a goal

measurement B1

/ˈmɛʒ.ɚ.mənt/ the act or process of assigning numbers to phenomena according to a rule

mechanic B1

/mɪˈkænɪk/ resembling the action of a machine

mechanical B1

/məˈkænəkəl/ using (or as if using) mechanisms or tools or devices

meditate B1

/ˈmɛ.dɪˌteɪt/ To consider; to reflect on.

meditation B1

/mɛdɪˈteɪʃn̩/ continuous and profound contemplation or musing on a subject or series of subjects of a deep or abstruse nature

Mediterranean B1

/ˌmɛdɪtəˈɹeɪnɪən/ of or relating to or characteristic of or located near the Mediterranean Sea

medium B1

/ˈmiː.di.əm/ the surrounding environment

melt B1

/mɛlt/ the process whereby heat changes something from a solid to a liquid

membership B1

/ˈmɛmbɝˌʃɪp/ the body of members of an organization or group

memorable B1

/ˈmɛm.(ə)ɹə.bl̩/ Worthy to be remembered; very important or remarkable.

memorize B1

/ˈmem.əˌɹɑɪ̯z/ To fully learn so as to have entirely available to the memory; to learn by heart, commit to memory.

mend B1

/mɪnd/ sewing that repairs a worn or torn hole, especially in a garment

mental B1

/ˈmɛn.təl/ affected by a disorder of the mind

mentally B1

/ˈmɛntəli/ in your mind

merchant B1

/ˈmɝt͡ʃənt/ A trading vessel; a merchantman.

mere B1

/mɪɚ/ Just, only; no more than, pure and simple, neither more nor better than might be expected.

merely B1

/ˈmɪɹli/ and nothing more

mess B1

/mɛs/ soft semiliquid food

message board B1

messy B1

/ˈmɛsi/ In a disorderly state; chaotic; disorderly.

middle-aged B1

/ˌmɪdl̩ˈeɪd͡ʒd/ Of or relating to middle age or a middle-ager; neither old nor young.

mild B1

/ˈmaɪld/ humble in spirit or manner

mile B1

/ˈmaɪl/ a footrace extending one mile

mineral B1

/ˈmɪn.ɚ.əl/ composed of matter other than plant or animal

minimize B1

/ˈmɪn.ɪˌmaɪz/ make small or insignificant

minimum B1

/ˈmɪnəməm/ The lowest limit.

minor B1

/ˈmaɪ.nəɹ/ inferior in number or size or amount

minority B1

/maɪˈnoɹ.ɪ.ti/ being or relating to the smaller in number of two parts

minus B1

/ˈmɑe.nəs/ involving disadvantage or harm

miracle B1

/ˈmɪɹ.ə.kəl/ An event that appears inexplicable by the laws of nature and so is held to be supernatural in origin.

mischief B1

/ˈmɪs.tʃɪf/ Conduct that playfully causes petty annoyance.

miserable B1

/ˈmɪz(ə)ɹəbəl/ characterized by physical misery

misery B1

/ˈmɪz(ə)ɹi/ a feeling of intense unhappiness

mislead B1

/mɪsˈliːd/ To lead astray, in a false direction.

mission B1

/ˈmɪʃ.ən/ a special assignment that is given to a person or group

misty B1

/ˈmɪsti/ wet with mist

misunderstanding B1

/ˌmɪsʌndɚˈstændɪŋ/ A mistake as to the meaning of something or a specific point of view; erroneous interpretation or comprehension; misconception.

mixing bowl B1

modal verb B1

/ˈmoʊdəl/ relating to or expressing the mood of a verb

modem B1

/ˈmoʊdəm/ A device that encodes digital computer signals into analog telephone signals and vice versa, allowing computers to communicate over a phone line.

moderate B1

/ˈmɑdəɹət/ not extreme

modify B1

/ˈmɑ.dɪˌfaɪ/ make less severe or harsh or extreme

moisture B1

/ˈmɔɪs.t͡ʃɚ/ That which moistens or makes damp or wet; exuding fluid; liquid in small quantity.

molecule B1

/ˈmɑ.lɪ.kjul/ the simplest structural unit of an element or compound in chemistry or physics

monitor B1

/ˈmɑ.nɪ.tɚ/ Someone who watches over something; a person in charge of something or someone.

monk B1

/mʌŋk/ A male member of a monastic order who has devoted his life for religious service.

monster B1

/ˈmɑnstɚ/ A terrifying and dangerous creature, especially one of an imaginary or mythical kind.

monthly B1

/ˈmʌnθli/ occurring once a month

monument B1

/ˈmɑnjʊmənt/ A structure built for commemorative or symbolic reasons, or as a memorial; a commemoration.

moral B1

/ˈmoɹəl/ concerned with principles of right and wrong or conforming to standards of behavior and character based on those principles

moreover B1

/moɹˈoʊ.vɚ/ In addition to what has been said.

mosquito B1

/məsˈki.toʊ/ A small flying insect of the family Culicidae, the females of which bite humans and animals and suck blood, leaving an itching bump on the skin, and sometimes carrying diseases like malaria, dengue and yellow fever.

moss B1

/mɔs/ tiny leafy-stemmed flowerless plants

motherland B1

/ˈmʌðɚˌlænd/ the country where you were born

motionless B1

/ˈmoʊʃənlɛs/ At rest, stationary, immobile, not moving.

motivate B1

/ˈmoʊ.tɪ.veɪt/ To provide someone with an incentive to do something; to encourage; to actuate.

motivation B1

/ˈmoʊ.tə.veɪ.ʃən/ the condition of being motivated

motive B1

/ˈmoʊtɪv/ An idea or communication that makes one want to act, especially from spiritual sources; a divine prompting.

motor B1

/ˈmoʊtəɹ/ causing or able to cause motion

motorcycle B1

/ˈmoʊtɚˌsaɪkəl/ An open-seated motor vehicle with handlebars instead of a steering wheel, and having two (or sometimes three) wheels.

motto B1

/ˈmɑ.toʊ/ A personal slogan.

mount B1

/ˈmaʊnt/ a mounting consisting of a piece of metal (as in a ring or other jewelry) that holds a gem in place

mountaintop B1

/ˈmaʊnt(ɪ)nˌtɑp/ The summit of a mountain.

mourn B1

/mɔɹn/ feel sadness

movement B1

/ˈmuːv.mənt/ the act of changing the location of something

mud B1

/mʌd/ Democratic Unity Roundtable, a coalition of opposition political parties in Venezuela.

mule B1

/mjʉl/ The generally sterile male or female hybrid offspring of a male donkey and a female horse.

murderer B1

/ˈmɝdɚɚ/ A person who commits murder.

muscle B1

/ˈmʌs.əl/ authority or power or force (especially when used in a coercive way)

mustard B1

/ˈmʌstəɹd/ Powder or paste made from seeds of the mustard plant, and used as a condiment or a spice.

mutual B1

/ˈmjuːtʃuːəl/ Having the same relationship, each to each other.

myth B1

/mɪθ/ A traditional story which embodies a belief regarding some fact or phenomenon of experience, and in which often the forces of nature and of the soul are personified; a sacred narrative regarding a god, a hero, the origin of the world or of a people, etc.

nail B1

/neɪl/ attach something somewhere by means of nails

naked B1

/ˈneɪkɪd/ lacking any cover

nap B1

/ˈnæp/ sleeping for a short period of time

narrate B1

/ˈnæɹeɪt/ To relate (a story or series of events) in speech or writing.

narrative B1

/ˈnæɹətɪv/ consisting of or characterized by the telling of a story

narrow B1

/ˈnæɹ.oʊ/ lacking tolerance or flexibility or breadth of view

nasty B1

/ˈnaː.sti/ exasperatingly difficult to handle or circumvent

nationalist B1

/ˈnæʃ.ə.nə.lɪst/ devotion to the interests or culture of a particular nation including promoting the interests of one country over those of others

naturally B1

/ˈnæt͡ʃ.(ə.)ɹə.li/ as might be expected

navy blue B1

nearby B1

/ˌnɪə(ɹ)ˈbaɪ/ not far away in relative terms

necklace B1

/ˈnɛkləs/ Anything resembling a necklace in shape.

nectar B1

/ˈnɛk.təɹ/ The drink of the gods.

needle B1

/ˈniːdəl/ goad or provoke, as by constant criticism

negotiate B1

/nəˈɡoʊ.ʃi.eɪt/ discuss the terms of an arrangement

negotiation B1

/nɪˌɡoʊ.ʃiˈeɪ.ʃən/ a discussion intended to produce an agreement

neighborhood B1

/ˈneɪbɚˌhʊd/ people living near one another

nephew B1

/ˈnɛf.ju/ A son of one's child.

nervousness B1

/ˈnɝːvəsnəs/ The state or quality of being nervous.

ness B1

/nɛs/ A promontory; a cape or headland. (Frequently used as a suffix in placenames.)

network B1

/ˈnɛt.wɝk/ in broadcasting, a communication system consisting of a group of broadcasting stations that all transmit the same programs

neutral B1

/ˈnuː.tɹəl/ having no hue

nevertheless B1

/ˌnɛvɚðəˈlɛs/ In spite of what preceded; yet.

newborn B1

/ˈnuːbɔrn/ recently born

newcomer B1

/ˈn(j)uˌkʌmɚ/ a recent arrival

newly B1

/ˈnuli/ very recently

next door B1

next-door B1

that occupies an adjacent place, especially the building immediately to the left or right

nickname B1

/ˈnɪkneɪm/ a familiar name for a person, often a shortened version of a person's given name

niece B1

/nis/ A daughter of one’s sibling, brother-in-law, or sister-in-law; either the daughter of one's brother ("fraternal niece"), or of one's sister ("sororal niece").

nightlife B1

/ˈnaɪtˌlaɪf/ the activity of people seeking nighttime diversion (as at the theater, a nightclub, etc.)

nod B1

/nɑd/ be almost asleep

noisily B1

/ˈnɔɪzəli/ with much noise or loud and unpleasant sound

none B1

/nʌn/ not at all or in no way

nonetheless B1

/ˌnʌnðəˈlɛs/ Nevertheless.

nonsense B1

/ˈnɑn.sɛns/ Letters or words, in writing or speech, that have no meaning or pattern or seem to have no meaning.

nor B1

/nɔɹ/ And... not (introducing a negative statement, without necessarily following one).

normally B1

/ˈnɔɹ.mə.li/ Under normal conditions or circumstances; usually; most of the time

northeast B1

/ˌnɔrˈθiːst/ situated in or oriented toward the northeast

northeastern B1

/ˌnorˈθiː.stɚn/ of a region of the United States generally including the New England states

northern B1

/ˈnɒ.ðə(ɹ)n/ situated in or oriented toward the north

northwest B1

/nɔɹθˈwɛst/ coming from the northwest

northwestern B1

/nɔːθˈwɛstn̩/ Of or pertaining to the northwest; from or to in such a direction.

noticeable B1

/ˈnoʊtɪsəbl̩/ capable or worthy of being perceived

noticeboard B1

Alternative spelling of notice board.

notion B1

/ˈnoʊʃən/ (usually plural) small personal articles or clothing or sewing items

notorious B1

/nəˈtɔ.ɹi.əs/ known widely and usually unfavorably

novelist B1

/ˈnɑvəlɪst/ one who writes novels

nowhere B1

/ˈnoʊ.(h)wɛɹ/ an insignificant place

nuclear B1

/ˈn(j)u.kli.ɚ/ constituting or like a nucleus

nucleus B1

/ˈnuː.kli.əs/ The core, central part of something, around which other elements are assembled.

numerous B1

/ˈnuməɹəs/ amounting to a large indefinite number

nutrient B1

/ˈnuː.tɹi.ənt/ A source of nourishment, such as food, that can be metabolized by an organism to give energy and build tissue.

nutrition B1

/nuˈtɹɪʃ.ən/ the scientific study of food and drink, especially in humans

nutritious B1

/nuːˈtɹɪʃəs/ Salutary.

object B1

/ˈɒb.d͡ʒɛkt/ the focus of cognitions or feelings

objection B1

/əbˈd͡ʒɛkʃən/ a procedure whereby a party to a suit says that a particular line of questioning, witness, piece of evidence, or other matter is improper and should not be continued and asks the court to rule on its impropriety or illegality

objective B1

/əbˈd͡ʒɛk.tɪv/ belonging to immediate experience of actual things or events

observation B1

/ˌɑbzɚˈveɪʃn̩/ facts learned by observing

observe B1

/əbˈzɝv/ make mention of

obstacle B1

/ˈɑbstəkəl/ an obstruction that stands in the way and must be removed, surmounted or circumvented

obtain B1

/əbˈteɪn/ come into possession of

obvious B1

/ˈɑb.vi.əs/ easily perceived by the senses or grasped by the mind

obviously B1

/ˈɑ(b).vi(.)əs.li/ unmistakably (`plain' is often used informally for `plainly')

occasion B1

/əˈkeɪʒən/ reason

occasional B1

/əˈkeɪʒ(ə)nəl/ Occurring or appearing irregularly from time to time, but not often; incidental.

occasionally B1

/əˈkeɪʒənəli/ now and then or here and there

occupy B1

/ˈɑkjəpaɪ/ To take or use.

occur B1

/əˈkɝ/ come to pass

ocean B1

/ˈoʊ.ʃən/ Water belonging to an ocean.

offensive B1

/əˈfɛnsɪv/ unpleasant or disgusting especially to the senses

officially B1

/əˈfɪʃ.(ə.)li/ in an official role

oily B1

/ˈɔɪli/ coated or covered with oil

old-fashioned B1

/oʊldˈfæʃənd/ Of an object, outdated or no longer in vogue.

oneself B1

/wʌnˈsɛlf/ A person's self: general form of himself, herself, themself or yourself.

onstage B1

/ˌɑːnˈsteɪdʒ/ on the stage

onto B1

/ˈɑn.tu/ Arriving upon or on top of (speaking of a physical or metaphorical movement).

opening B1

/ˈoʊ.pə.nɪŋ/ first or beginning

operation B1

/ˌɑ.pəˈɹeɪ.ʃən/ the activity of operating something such as a machine or business

opposition B1

/ˌɑ.pəˈzɪʃ.ən/ The action of opposing or of being in conflict.

oppress B1

/əˈpɹɛs/ come down on or keep down by unjust use of one's authority

oppression B1

/əˈpɹɛʃən/ the act of subjugating by cruelty

option B1

/ˈɑpʃən/ one of a number of things from which only one can be chosen

oral B1

/ˈɔ.ɹəl/ of or involving the mouth or mouth region or the surface on which the mouth is located

orbit B1

/ˈɔɹ.bɪt/ the usually elliptical path described by one celestial body in its revolution about another

orchestra B1

/ˈoɹ.kɪs.tɹə/ A large group of musicians who play together on various instruments, usually including some from strings, woodwind, brass and/or percussion; the instruments played by such a group.

orderly B1

/ˈɔɹdɚli/ devoid of violence or disruption

ordinary B1

/ˈɔɹdɪnɛɹi/ not exceptional in any way especially in quality or ability or size or degree

organ B1

/ˈɔɹɡən/ a periodical that is published by a special interest group

organic B1

/ɔɹˈɡænɪk/ involving or affecting physiology or bodily organs

organism B1

/ɔʳˈɡan.ɪzəm/ a system considered analogous in structure or function to a living body

organization B1

/ˌoɹ.ɡə.nɪˈzeɪ.ʃən/ the activity or result of distributing or disposing persons or things properly or methodically

origin B1

/ˈoɹ.ɪ.d͡ʒɪn/ properties attributable to your ancestry

otherwise B1

/ˈʌð.ɚˌwaɪz/ in other respects or ways

ought to B1

outdoor B1

/ˈaʊtˌdɔr/ pertaining to or concerning the outdoors or outdoor activities

outdoors B1

/aʊtˈdɔː(ɹ)z/ where the air is unconfined

outer B1

/ˈaʊtɚ/ being on or toward the outside of the body

outlaw B1

/ˈaʊt.lɔ/ A fugitive from the law.

outline B1

/ˈaʊtlaɪn/ describe roughly or briefly or give the main points or summary of

out-of-date B1

Alternative form of out of date.

outstanding B1

/ˌʌʊtˈstæn.dɪŋ/ having a quality that thrusts itself into attention

outward B1

/ˈaʊt.wɚd/ toward the outside

outweigh B1

/ˌaʊtˈweɪ/ weigh more heavily

overcome B1

/ˌoʊ.vəɹˈkʌm/ win a victory over

overjoyed B1

/ˌoʊvɚˈd͡ʒɔɪd/ Very happy.

overnight B1

/əʊvə(ɹ)ˈnaɪt/ during or for the length of one night

overwhelm B1

/ˌo.vɚˈʍɛlm/ To engulf, surge over and submerge.

overwhelming B1

/ˌoʊvɚˈ(h)wɛlmɪŋ/ Overpowering, staggering, or irresistibly strong.

overwork B1

/ˌoʊvɚˈwɝk/ the act of working too much or too long

owe B1

/oʊ/ be in debt

owing B1

/ˈoʊ.ɪŋ/ Still to be paid; owed as a debt.

oxygen B1

/ˈɑk.sɪ.d͡ʒən/ The chemical element (symbol O) with an atomic number of 8 and relative atomic mass of 15.9994. It is a colorless and odorless gas. Sometimes called elemental oxygen to distinguish it from molecular oxygen.

pace B1

/peɪs/ the relative speed of progress or change

package B1

/pa.ked͡ʒ/ Something which is packed, a parcel, a box, an envelope.

packing B1

/ˈpækɪŋ/ carrying something in a pack on the back

paddle B1

/ˈpædl̩/ propel with a paddle

paid B1

/peɪd/ marked by the reception of pay

pain B1

/pæɪn/ a somatic sensation of acute discomfort

painful B1

/ˈpeɪn.fl̩/ causing physical or psychological pain

pale B1

/ˈpeɪl/ lacking in vitality or interest or effectiveness

palm B1

/pɑːm/ to take something into the palm of one's hand, usually for concealing or as part of a sleight-of-hand magic trick

parachute B1

/ˈpæɹəʃut/ A small collar which fastens around the scrotum and from which weights can be hung.

paradise B1

/ˈpɛɹ.ə.daɪ̯s/ The place where sanctified souls are believed to live after death.

paralyze B1

/ˈpæɹəˌlaɪz/ cause to be paralyzed and immobile

parcel B1

/ˈpɑɹsəl/ cover with strips of canvas

parental B1

/pəˈɹen.təl/ relating to or characteristic of or befitting a parent

parking B1

/ˈpɑɹ.kɪŋ/ space in which vehicles can be parked

parrot B1

/ˈpæɹət/ repeat mindlessly

partial B1

/ˈpɑɹʃəl/ Existing as a part or portion; incomplete.

participant B1

/pɑːɹˈtɪsəpənt/ One who participates.

participate B1

/pɑɹˈtɪs.ə.peɪt/ To join in, to take part, to involve oneself (in something).

participle B1

/ˈpɑɹtɪˌsɪpəl/ a non-finite form of the verb

particularly B1

/pəˈtɪkjəli/ to a distinctly greater extent or degree than is common

part-time B1

/ˈpɑːrtˈtaɪm/ for less than the standard number of hours

passion B1

/ˈpæʃən/ A true desire sustained or prolonged.

passive B1

/ˈpæsɪv/ lacking in energy or will

passport B1

/ˈpæspɔɹt/ An official document normally used for international journeys, which proves the identity and nationality of the person for whom it was issued.

password B1

/ˈpæs.wɜɹd/ a secret word or phrase known only to a restricted group

patience B1

/ˈpæɪ̯.ʃəns/ The quality of being patient.

patrol B1

/pəˈtɹoʊl/ A going of the rounds along the chain of sentinels and between the posts, by a guard, usually consisting of three or four men, to insure greater security from attacks on the outposts.

pattern B1

/ˈpætɚn/ a model considered worthy of imitation

pause B1

/pɔz/ temporary inactivity

peanut B1

/ˈpiˌnʌt/ A legume resembling a nut, the fruit of the plant Arachis hypogaea, native to South America.

peculiar B1

/pɪˈkjul.jɚ/ markedly different from the usual

penniless B1

/ˈpɛ.nɪ.ləs/ Lacking even the smallest amount of money.

penny B1

/ˈpɪni/ In the United Kingdom and Ireland and many other countries, a unit of currency worth ¹⁄₂₄₀ of a pound sterling or Irish pound before decimalisation, or a copper coin worth this amount. Abbreviation: d.

per B1

/pɝ/ For each.

percent B1

/pɚˈsɛnt/ For every hundred (used with preceding numeral to form a noun phrase expressing a proportion).

performer B1

/pɚˈfɔɹmɚ/ One who performs or does anything.

permanent B1

/ˈpɜɹ.mə.nənt/ continuing or enduring without marked change in status or condition or place

permanently B1

/ˈpɝmənəntli/ for a long time without essential change

permit B1

/pɚˈmɪt/ consent to, give permission

personally B1

/ˈpɝ.sə.nə.li/ as a person

persuade B1

/pə(ɹ)ˈsweɪd/ To successfully convince (someone) to agree to, accept, or do something, usually through reasoning and verbal influence.

persuasive B1

/pə(ɹ)ˈsweɪsɪv/ intended or having the power to induce action or belief

phantom B1

/ˈfæntəm/ something apparently sensed but having no physical reality

pharmacy B1

/ˈfɑɹməsi/ a retail shop where medicine and other articles are sold

phenomenon B1

/fəˈnɑ.məˌnɑn/ A thing or being, event or process, perceptible through senses; or a fact or occurrence thereof.

philosopher B1

/fəˈlɑsəfɚ/ A scholar or expert engaged in or contributing to philosophical inquiry.

philosophy B1

/fɪˈlɑ.sə.fi/ any personal belief about how to live or how to deal with a situation

phoenix B1

/ˈfiːnɪks/ a legendary Arabian bird said to periodically burn itself to death and emerge from the ashes as a new phoenix

photocopy B1

/ˈfəʊtəˌkɒpi/ To make a copy using a photocopier.

phrasal verb B1

phrase B1

/fɹeɪz/ divide, combine, or mark into phrases

physics B1

/ˈfɪz.ɪks/ the science of matter and energy and their interactions

pie B1

/pɑɪ/ A type of pastry that consists of an outer crust and a filling. (Savory pies are more popular in the UK and sweet pies are more popular in the US, so "pie" without qualification has different connotations in these dialects.)

piety B1

/ˈpaɪ.ɪ.ti/ Reverence and devotion to God.

pillow B1

/ˈpɪl.oʊ/ a cushion to support the head of a sleeping person

pin B1

/ˈpɪn/ a small, slender, often pointed piece of wood or metal used to support or fasten or attach things

pineapple B1

/ˈpaɪnæpəl/ The flesh of a pineapple fruit used as a food item.

pipe B1

/ˈpaɪp/ trim with piping

pit B1

/ˈpɪt/ a surface excavation for extracting stone or slate

plain B1

/plen/ lacking embellishment or ornamentation

platform B1

/ˈplætfɔɹm/ a raised horizontal surface

pleasantly B1

/ˈplɛzəntli/ in an enjoyable manner

plug B1

/plʌɡ/ insert as a plug

pocket money B1

poet B1

/ˈpoʊ.ət/ a writer of poems (the term is usually reserved for writers of good poetry)

poetry B1

/ˈpoʊ.ə.tɹi/ Literature composed in verse or language exhibiting conscious attention to patterns and rhythm.

poison B1

/ˈpoɪ.zən/ anything that harms or destroys

poisonous B1

/ˈpɔɪzənəs/ Containing sufficient poison to be dangerous to touch or ingest.

pole B1

/pɒl/ one of two divergent or mutually exclusive opinions

policy B1

/ˈpɑ.lə.si/ a plan of action adopted by an individual or social group

politely B1

/pəˈlaɪtli/ in a polite manner

politician B1

/ˌpɑ.ləˈtɪʃ.ən/ One engaged in politics, especially an elected or appointed government official.

politics B1

/ˈpɑ.lɪ.tɪks/ the activities and affairs involved in managing a state or a government

pollutant B1

/pəˈl(j)uːtənt/ A foreign substance that makes something dirty, or impure, especially waste from human activities.

pond B1

/pɑnd/ a small lake

popcorn B1

/ˈpɑp.kɔɹn/ small kernels of corn that burst open when exposed to heat

pork B1

/poɹk/ meat from a domestic hog or pig

port B1

/pɔɹt/ turn or go to the port or left side, of a ship

positive B1

/ˈpɑzɪtɪv/ involving advantage or good

positively B1

/ˈpɑ.zɪ.tɪv.li/ extremely

possess B1

/pəˈzɛs/ to have ownership or possession of

possession B1

/pəˈzɛʃn̩/ a territory that is controlled by a ruling state

possessive B1

/pəˈzes.ɪv/ desirous of owning

possibility B1

/ˌpɑ.səˈbɪl.ə.ti/ a possible alternative

postcard B1

/ˈpoʊstˌkɑɹd/ To send a postcard to someone.

postman B1

/ˈpoʊstmən/ Someone who delivers the post (mail) to, and/or collects the post from, residential or commercial addresses, or from public mailboxes.

pot B1

/pɑt/ plant in a pot

potential B1

/po(ʊ)ˈtɛnʃəl/ existing in possibility

pottery B1

/ˈpɑtəɹi/ Fired ceramic wares that contain clay when formed.

pound B1

/ˈpæʊ̯nd/ a public enclosure for stray or unlicensed dogs

poverty B1

/ˈpɑːvɚti/ The quality or state of being poor; lack of money

powder B1

/ˈpuː.dɐ/ apply powder to

practical B1

/ˈpræktɪkəl/ having or put to a practical purpose or use

praise B1

/pɹeɪz/ an expression of approval and commendation

prayer B1

/ˈpɹeɪ.ɚ/ the act of communicating with a deity, especially as a petition or in adoration or contrition or thanksgiving

precious B1

/ˈpɹɛʃ.əs/ extremely

preference B1

/ˈpɹɛf(ə)ɹ(ə)ns/ a strong liking

prefix B1

/ˈpɹiːfɪks/ attach a prefix to

pregnant B1

/ˈpɹɛɡnənt/ Carrying developing offspring within the body.

prejudice B1

/ˈpɹɛd͡ʒədɪs/ An adverse judgment or opinion formed beforehand or without knowledge of the facts.

preparation B1

/prɪpəˈreʃən/ the act of preparing something, such as food, by the application of heat

prepared B1

/pɹɪˈpɛɹd/ made ready or fit or suitable beforehand

preposition B1

/ˌpɹɛpəˈzɪʃən/ Any of a class of non-inflecting words and multiword terms typically employed to connect a following noun or a pronoun, in an adjectival or adverbial sense, with some other word: a particle used with a noun or pronoun (in English always in the objective case) to make a phrase limiting some other word.

preschool B1

/ˈpɹiːskuːl/ A nursery school.

prescription B1

/pɹəˈskɹɪp.ʃən/ a drug that is available only with written instructions from a doctor or dentist to a pharmacist

presence B1

/ˈpɹɛz(ə)ns/ the impression that something is present

presentation B1

/pɹisɛnˈteɪʃən/ the activity of formally presenting something like a prize or reward

preservation B1

/ˌpɹɛz.ɚˈveɪ.ʃən/ The act of preserving; care to preserve; act of keeping from destruction, decay or any ill.

preserve B1

/pɹəˈzɝv/ a domain that seems to be specially reserved for someone

president B1

/ˈpɹez.ɪ.dənt/ The head of state of a republic, sometimes also the head of government as well, particularly (US politics) the head of the executive branch of the federal government of the United States of America.

press B1

/ˈprɛs/ the act of pressing

previous B1

/ˈpɹi.vi.əs/ Prior; occurring before something else, either in time or order.

priest B1

/ˈpɹiːst/ A religious clergyman (clergywoman, clergyperson) who is trained to perform services or sacrifices at a church or temple.

primarily B1

/pɹaɪˈmɛɹ.əli/ of primary import

primary school B1

primitive B1

/ˈpɹɪmɪtɪv/ used of preliterate or tribal or nonindustrial societies

principle B1

/ˈprɪnsəpəl/ a basic truth or law or assumption

prison B1

/ˈpɹɪzn̩/ A place or institution where people are held against their will, in the US especially for long-term confinement, as of those convicted of serious crimes or otherwise considered undesirable by the government.

prisoner B1

/ˈpɹɪzənɚ/ a person who is confined

privacy B1

/ˈpɹaɪ.və.si/ The state of being secluded from the presence, sight, or knowledge of others.

prize B1

/ˈpɹɑ̟ɪ̯z/ something given for victory or superiority in a contest or competition or for winning a lottery

probability B1

/ˌpɹɑbəˈbɪlɪti/ The state of being probable.

proceed B1

/pɹəˈsid/ To move, pass, or go forward or onward; to advance; to carry on.

process B1

/ˈpɹɑ.sɛs/ a sustained phenomenon or one marked by gradual changes through a series of states

proclaim B1

/pɹoʊˈkleɪm/ To announce or declare.

procrastination B1

/pɹoʊˌkɹæs.tɪˈneɪ.ʃən/ The act of postponing, delaying or putting off, especially habitually or intentionally.

producer B1

/pɹəˈdusɚ/ something that produces

productive B1

/pɹəˈdʌk.tɪv/ producing or capable of producing, especially abundantly

profession B1

/pɹəˈfeʃ.ən/ affirmation of acceptance of some religion or faith

professor B1

/pɹəˈfɛs.ɚ/ The most senior rank for an academic at a university or similar institution.

progress B1

/ˈpɹɑ.ɡɹɛs/ a movement forward

prohibition B1

/ˌpɹoʊ(h)ɪˈbɪʃən/ the action of prohibiting or inhibiting or forbidding (or an instance thereof)

prominent B1

/ˈpɹɑmɪnənt/ Standing out, or projecting; jutting; protuberant.

promote B1

/pɹəˈmoʊt/ To raise (someone) to a more important, responsible, or remunerative job or rank.

promotion B1

/pɹəˈmoʊʃn̩/ An advancement in rank or position.

pronoun B1

/ˈpɹoʊ.naʊn/ A type of word that refers anaphorically to a noun or noun phrase, but which cannot ordinarily be preceded by a determiner and rarely takes an attributive adjective.

proof B1

/pɹuf/ any factual evidence that helps to establish the truth of something

properly B1

/ˈpɹɒp.li/ in the right manner

property B1

/ˈpɹɑpɚti/ a construct whereby objects or individuals can be distinguished

proportion B1

/pɹəˈpɔɹʃən/ harmonious arrangement or relation of parts or elements within a whole, as in a design

proposal B1

/pɹəˈpoʊzəl/ the act of making a proposal

propose B1

/pɹəˈpoʊz/ present for consideration, examination, or criticism

prosperity B1

/pɹɑˈspɛɹ.ɪ.ti/ The condition of being prosperous: having good fortune and a fortune.

prosperous B1

/ˈpɹɑs.pə.ɹəs/ Characterized by success.

protect B1

/pɹəˈtɛkt/ shield from danger, injury, destruction, or damage

protection B1

/pɹəˈtɛkʃn̩/ payment extorted by gangsters on threat of violence

protective B1

/pɹəˈtɛk.tɪv/ intended or adapted to afford protection of some kind

protest B1

/ˈpɹoʊ.tɛst/ a formal and solemn declaration of objection

proud B1

/ˈpɹæʊ̯d/ Feeling honoured (by something); feeling happy or satisfied about an event or fact; gratified.

prove B1

/pɹuːv/ obtain probate of

proverb B1

/ˈpɹɑvɝb/ A commonly used sentence expressing popular wisdom.

provided B1

/prəˈvaɪdəd/ Only if (the stipulation that follows is true).

psychological B1

/ˌsaɪ.kəˈlɑː.d͡ʒɪ.kl̩/ mental or emotional as opposed to physical in nature

pub B1

/pʊb/ A public house where beverages, primarily alcoholic, may be bought and consumed, also providing food and sometimes entertainment such as live music or television.

public transport B1

publicly B1

/ˈpʌblɪkli/ by the public or the people generally

publisher B1

/ˈpʌblɪʃɚ/ A person or (especially) a company who publishes, especially books.

pullover B1

/ˈpʊləʊvə(ɹ)/ An instance of a vehicle being pulled over.

pump B1

/pʌmp/ question persistently

punish B1

/ˈpʌnɪʃ/ impose a penalty on

punishment B1

/ˈpʌnɪʃmənt/ The act (action) or process of punishing, imposing and/or applying a sanction, typically by an authority or a person in authority (for example: a parent or teacher), especially when disappointed or dissatisfied with the behavior or actions of a child, student, or someone else being looked after.

pupil B1

/ˈpjuːpəl/ A learner at a school under the supervision of a teacher.

puppy B1

/ˈpʌpi/ A woman’s breast.

pure B1

/ˈpjʊə(ɹ)/ in a state of sexual virginity

purify B1

/ˈpjʊɹɪfaɪ/ remove impurities from, increase the concentration of, and separate through the process of distillation

purse B1

/pɜɹs/ a sum of money offered as a prize

puzzle B1

/ˈpɐz.əl/ a particularly baffling problem that is said to have a correct solution

quake B1

/ˈkweɪk/ shaking and vibration at the surface of the earth resulting from underground movement along a fault plane of from volcanic activity

qualified B1

/ˈkwɑ.lɪ.faɪd/ contingent on something else

qualify B1

/ˈkwɑ.lɪ.faɪ/ make more specific

quantity B1

/ˈkwɑn(t)ɪti/ how much there is or how many there are of something that you can quantify

question mark B1

questionnaire B1

/ˌkwɛs.t͡ʃəˈnɛɹ/ a form containing a set of questions

queue B1

/kju/ A line of people, vehicles or other objects, usually one to be dealt with in sequence (i.e., the one at the front end is dealt with first, the one behind is dealt with next, and so on), and which newcomers join at the opposite end (the back).

race B1

/ˈreɪs/ a contest of speed

racial B1

/ˈɹeɪʃəl/ of or characteristic of race or races or arising from differences among groups

radiation B1

/ˌɹæɪ.diˈæɪ.ʃən/ the treatment of disease, especially cancer, by exposure to a radioactive substance

rage B1

/ɹeɪd͡ʒ/ violent state of the elements

rail B1

/ɹeɪ(ə)l/ short for railway

railroad B1

/ˈɹeɪlɹoʊd/ a line of track providing a runway for wheels

railway B1

/ˈɹeɪlˌweɪ/ A transport system using rails used to move passengers or goods.

rainfall B1

/ˈreɪnˌfɔl/ water falling in drops from vapor condensed in the atmosphere

rainforest B1

/ˈɹeɪn.fɔɹ.ɪst/ A forest in a climate with high annual rainfall and no dry season.

rank B1

/ˈɹæŋk/ growing profusely

rapid B1

/ˈræpəd/ done or occurring in a brief period of time

rapidly B1

/ˈɹæpɪdli/ With speed; in a rapid manner.

rare B1

/ɹɛ/ not widely distributed

rarely B1

/ˈɹɛəɹli/ not often

raspberry B1

/ˈɹæzbɹi/ Containing or having the flavor/flavour of raspberries.

ration B1

/ˈɹæʃən/ the food allowance for one day (especially for service personnel)

rational B1

/ˈɹæʃ(ə)nəl/ having its source in or being guided by the intellect (as distinguished from experience or emotion)

razor B1

/ˈɹeɪzɚ/ Any tool or instrument designed for shaving.

react B1

/ɹiːˈækt/ undergo a chemical reaction

realistic B1

/ˌɹɪəˈlɪs.tɪk/ aware or expressing awareness of things as they really are

reality B1

/ɹiˈæləti/ the state of being actual or real

rearrange B1

/ˌɹiːəˈɹeɪndʒ/ put into a new order or arrangement

reasonable B1

/ˈɹi.zə.nə.bəl/ Having the faculty of reason; rational, reasoning.

rebuild B1

/ɹiːˈbɪld/ build again

recall B1

/ɹɪˈkɔl/ the process of remembering, especially the process of recovering information by mental effort

reception B1

/ɹɪˈsɛp.ʃn̩/ (American football) the act of catching a pass in football

recite B1

/ɹɪˈsaɪt/ repeat aloud from memory

reclaim B1

/riːˈkleɪm/ To return someone to a proper course of action, or correct an error; to reform.

recognize B1

/ˈɹɛk.əɡ.naɪz/ To match (something or someone which one currently perceives) to a memory of some previous encounter with the same person or thing.

recommend B1

/ˌrɛkəˈmɛnd/ make attractive or acceptable

recording B1

/ɹɪˈkɔː(ɹ)dɪŋ/ the act of making a record, especially an audio record

recover B1

/ɹɪˈkʌvɚ/ regain a former condition after a financial loss

recovery B1

/ɹɪˈkʌvəɹi/ return to an original state

recycled B1

/riːˈsaɪkəld/ That has been through a recycling process.

recycling B1

/riːˈsaɪkəlɪŋ/ Those materials culled for recycling.

reduce B1

/ɹɪˈd͡ʒuːs/ narrow or limit

reduction B1

/ɹɪˈdak.ʃən/ the act of reducing complexity

reef B1

/ɹiːf/ lower and bring partially inboard

referee B1

/ˌɹɛfəˈɹiː/ An umpire or judge; an official who makes sure the rules are followed during a game.

reflection B1

/ɹɪˈflɛkʃən/ the image of something as reflected by a mirror or other reflective material

refreshments B1

/rəˈfrɛʃmənts/ plural of refreshment

refund B1

/ɹɪˈfʌnd/ pay back

refusal B1

/ɹɪˈfjuːzl̩/ The act of refusing.

refuse B1

/ˈɹɛfjuːs/ refuse to accept

regain B1

/ɹiːˈɡeɪn/ To get back; to recover possession of.

regard B1

/ɹɪˈɡɑɹd/ a polite expression of desire for someone's welfare, usually plural

regarding B1

/ɹɪˈɡɑɹdɪŋ/ Concerning, respecting.

region B1

/ˈɹiːd͡ʒn̩/ a part of an animal that has a special function or is supplied by a given artery or nerve

regional B1

/ˈɹiːd͡ʒənəl/ related or limited to a particular region

register B1

/ˈɹɛd͡ʒ.ɪ.stɚ/ enter into someone's consciousness

registration B1

/ˌɹed͡ʒ.ɪˈstɹæɪ.ʃən/ The act of signing up or registering for something.

regulation B1

/ˌɹɛɡjʊˈleɪʃən/ prescribed by or according to regulation

reject B1

/ɹɪˈd͡ʒɛkt/ refuse to accept or acknowledge

relate B1

/rɪˈleɪt/ give an account of

relation B1

/ɹəˈlæ̝ɪʃ(ə)n/ (usually plural) mutual dealings or connections among persons or groups

relationship B1

/ɹəˈleɪʃ(ə)nˌʃɪp/ a state of connectedness between people, especially an emotional connection

relative B1

/ˈɹɛl.ə.tɪv/ a person related by blood or marriage

relatively B1

/ˈɹɛl.ə.tɪv.li/ In a relative manner; with reference to environment or competition; contextually or comparatively.

relaxing B1

/rɪˈlæksɪŋ/ Conducive to relaxation; helping one to relax.

reliable B1

/ɹɪˈlaɪəbl̩/ worthy of reliance or trust

religion B1

/ɹəˈləd͡ʒ.ən/ an institution to express belief in a divine power

religious B1

/rɪˈlɪdʒəs/ of or relating to clergy bound by monastic vows

rely B1

/ɹɪˈlaɪ/ To trust; to have confidence in; to depend.

remainder B1

/ɹəˈmeɪndɚ/ something left after other parts have been taken away

remark B1

/ɹɪˈmɑɹk/ explicit notice

remarkable B1

/ɹɪˈmɑɹ.kə.bl̩/ unusual or striking

remedy B1

/ˈɹɛmədi/ provide relief for

remembrance B1

/riːˈmɛmbrəns/ The act of remembering; a holding in mind, or bringing to mind; recollection.

remote control B1

remove B1

/ɹɪˈmuv/ shift the position or location of, as for business, legal, educational, or military purposes

renew B1

/ɹəˈnjuː/ reestablish on a new, usually improved, basis or make new or like new

repay B1

/ɹiˈpeɪ/ Synonym of pay back in all senses.

repeatedly B1

/ɹɪˈpiːtɪdli/ several time

representative B1

/ˌɹɛpɹɪˈzɛnt(ət)ɪv/ being or characteristic of government by representation in which citizens exercise power through elected officers and representatives

reproduce B1

/ˌɹi.pɹəˈdus/ make a copy or equivalent of

republic B1

/ɹɪˈpʌb.lɪk/ a form of government whose head of state is not a monarch

reputation B1

/ˌɹɛpjʊˈteɪʃən/ the general estimation that the public has for a person

require B1

/ɹɪˈkwaɪɹ/ To demand, to insist upon (having); to call for authoritatively.

requirement B1

/ɹɪˈkwaɪɹmənt/ required activity

rescue B1

/ˈɹɛs.kju/ take forcibly from legal custody

researcher B1

/ˈɹiˌsɝ.t͡ʃɚ/ One who researches.

resemble B1

/ɹɪˈzembəl/ To be like or similar to (something); to represent as similar.

reservation B1

/ˌɹɛz.ɚˈveɪ.ʃən/ the act of reserving a place or passage or engaging the services of a person or group

reserve B1

/ɹɪˈzɝv/ obtain or arrange in advance

resident B1

/ˈɹɛzɪd(ə)nt/ living in a particular place

residential B1

/ˌrɛzɪˈdɛnʃəl/ used or designed for residence or limited to residences

resist B1

/ɹɪˈzɪst/ withstand the force of something

resolve B1

/ɹɪˈzɑlv/ reach a decision

resort B1

/ɹɪˈzɔːt/ have recourse to

resource B1

/ˈɹisɔɹs/ a source of aid or support that may be drawn upon when needed

respect B1

/ɹɪˈspɛkt/ (usually preceded by `in') a detail or point

respectable B1

/[ɹɪˈspɛk.tə.bl̩]/ deserving of esteem and respect

respond B1

/ɹɪˈspɑnd/ respond favorably or as hoped

responsibility B1

/ɹɪˌspɑn.səˈbɪl.ə.ti/ The state of being responsible, accountable, or answerable.

responsible B1

/ɹɪˈspɑn.sə.bəl/ being the agent or cause

rest B1

/ɹɛst/ a support on which things can be put

restore B1

/ɹɪˈstoɹ/ bring back into original existence, use, function, or position

restrict B1

/ɹɪˈstɹɪkt/ place limits on (extent or access)

retail B1

/ˈɹiˌteɪl/ at a retail price

retain B1

/ɹəˈteɪn/ keep in one's mind

retell B1

/ɹiˈtɛl/ render verbally, 'recite a poem'

retrospect B1

/ˈɹɛtɹəˌspɛkt/ contemplation of things past

reunification B1

/riːˌuːnəfəˈkeɪʃən/ the act of coming together again

reunify B1

/riːˈuːnəˌfaɪ/ unify again, as of a country

revise B1

/ɹɪˈvaɪz/ make revisions in

revision B1

/ɹəˈvɪʒ.ən/ the act of revising or altering, usually involving reconsideration and modification

reward B1

/ɹɪˈwɔɹd/ Something of value given in return for an act.

rewrite B1

/ˈɹi.ɹaɪt/ something that has been written again

rid B1

/ˈrɪd/ Followed by of: to free (oneself or someone, or a place) from an annoyance or hindrance.

riddle B1

/ˈɹɪdl̩/ set a difficult problem or riddle

ridiculous B1

/ɹɪˈdɪk.jə.ləs/ Deserving of ridicule; foolish, absurd.

ripe B1

/ˈraɪp/ at the highest point of development especially in judgment or knowledge

rise B1

/ɹaɪz/ an increase in cost

risk B1

/ɹɪsk/ a venture undertaken without regard to possible loss or injury

roadside B1

/ˈɹoʊdsaɪd/ Located beside a road (or railway).

robot B1

/ˈɹəʊ̯.bɒt/ A system of serfdom used in Central Europe, under which a tenant's rent was paid in forced labour.

rolling B1

/ˈɹol.ɪŋ/ uttered with a trill

rotten B1

/ˈɹɑtn̩/ Of perishable items, overridden with bacteria and other infectious agents.

rough B1

/ɹɐf/ with rough motion as over a rough surface

routine B1

/ɹuˈtin/ A set of normal procedures, often performed mechanically.

rubber B1

/ˈɹʌbɚ/ returned for lack of funds

rubbish B1

/ˈɹʌbɪʃ/ worthless material that is to be disposed of

rudely B1

/ˈɹuːdli/ In a rude manner.

runaway B1

/ˈɹʌnəweɪ/ completely out of control

runway B1

/ˈɹʌnweɪ/ A defined, narrow section of land or an artificial structure used for access.

sacred B1

/ˈseɪkɹɪd/ (often followed by `to') devoted exclusively to a single use or purpose or person

sadness B1

/ˈsædnəs/ the state of being sad

safari B1

/səˈfɑːɹ.i/ A trip into any undeveloped area to see, photograph or to hunt wild animals in their own environment.

safeguard B1

/ˈseɪfɡɑː(ɹ)d/ Something that serves as a guard or protection; a defense.

safely B1

/ˈseɪfli/ In a safe manner; without risk; using caution above all else.

safety B1

/ˈseɪfti/ a safe place

salesman B1

/ˈseɪlzmən/ A man whose job it is to sell things, either in a shop / store or elsewhere.

salmon B1

/ˈsæmən/ One of several species of fish, typically of the Salmoninae subfamily, brownish above with silvery sides and delicate pinkish-orange flesh; they ascend rivers to spawn.

sand B1

/ˈsænd/ rub with sandpaper

sandal B1

/ˈsændəl/ sandalwood

satellite B1

/ˈsætəˌlaɪt/ surrounding and dominated by a central authority or power

satisfaction B1

/sætɪsˈfækʃən/ act of fulfilling a desire or need or appetite

satisfied B1

/ˈsætɪsfaɪd/ filled with satisfaction

saucepan B1

/ˈsɔsˌpæn/ A pot-shaped asterism in the constellation Orion, consisting of Orion's Belt, Orion's Sword, and the star Eta Orionis.

saucer B1

/ˈsɔ.səɹ/ An object round and gently curved, shaped like a saucer.

scan B1

/skæn/ an image produced by scanning

scare B1

/skɛɚ/ A minor fright.

scared B1

/skɛ(ə)ɹd/ Feeling fear; afraid, frightened.

scary B1

/ˈskɛə.ɹi/ provoking fear terror

scatter B1

/ˈskætɚ/ distribute loosely

scenic B1

/ˈsiːnɪk/ of or relating to the stage or stage scenery

scholar B1

/ˈskɑlɚ/ A learned person; a bookman.

scholarship B1

/ˈskɑːləɹʃɪp/ A grant-in-aid to a student.

schoolmate B1

/ˈskulˌmeɪt/ A person who was a fellow attendee at one's school.

schoolteacher B1

/ˈskuːlˌtiːtʃɝ/ a teacher in a school below the college level

science fiction B1

scold B1

/ˈskoʊ̯ld/ censure severely or angrily

scope B1

/ˈskoʊp/ The breadth, depth or reach of a subject; the extent of applicability or relevance; a domain, purview or remit.

score B1

/skoɹ/ a seduction culminating in sexual intercourse

scratch B1

/skɹæt͡ʃ/ (golf) a handicap of zero strokes

sculpture B1

/ˈskʌlpt͡ʃɚ/ A three-dimensional work of art created by shaping malleable objects and letting them harden or by chipping away pieces from a rock (sculpting).

season B1

/[ˈsi.zn̩]/ one of the natural periods into which the year is divided by the equinoxes and solstices or atmospheric conditions

seawater B1

/ˈsiːˌwɑːtɝ/ Consisting of seawater.

seaweed B1

/ˈsiwid/ Any of numerous marine algae, such as a kelp.

secondary school B1

second-hand B1

Alternative spelling of secondhand.

secretly B1

/ˈsiː.kɹɪt.li/ In secret, covertly.

secure B1

/sɪˈkjʊə(ɹ)/ free from danger or risk

security B1

/səˈkjɔɹ.ɪˌti/ measures taken as a precaution against theft or espionage or sabotage etc.

seize B1

/siːz/ affect

select B1

/sɪˈlɛkt/ Privileged, specially selected.

selection B1

/səˈlɛkʃən/ an assortment of things from which a choice can be made

selfish B1

/ˈsɛlf.ɪʃ/ Holding one's own self-interest as the standard for decision making.

self-service B1

/sɛlfˈsɜɹ.vɪs/ the practice of serving yourself, as in a grocery or cafeteria

sensation B1

/sɛnˈseɪʃən/ an unelaborated elementary awareness of stimulation

separation B1

/ˌsep.əˈɹæɪ.ʃən/ the social act of separating or parting company

sequence B1

/ˈsi.kwəns/ the action of following in order

series B1

/ˈsɪɹ.iz/ a serialized set of programs

serious B1

/ˈsɪɹ.i.əs/ of great consequence

server B1

/ˈsɝvɚ/ a person whose occupation is to serve at table, as in a restaurant

service B1

/ˈsɝ.vɪs/ the performance of duties by a waiter or servant

session B1

/ˈsɛʃən/ a meeting devoted to a particular activity

setting B1

/ˈsɛtɪŋ/ the physical position of something

settle B1

/ˈsɛtəl/ bring to an end

settlement B1

/ˈsɛ.təl.mənt/ The act of settling.

settler B1

/ˈsɛt.lɚ/ Someone who settles in a new location; especially one who takes up residence in a previously uninhabited place.

severe B1

/sɪˈvɪɹ/ very bad in degree or extent

severely B1

/səˈvɪrli/ In a severe manner.

sex B1

/sɛks/ activities associated with sexual intercourse; most commonly referring to genital to genital insertive intercourse, but variously defined as including oral stimulation, non-insertive sex, and more

shadowy B1

/ˈʃæd.oʊ.i/ lacking in substance

shallow B1

/ˈʃæl.oʊ/ become shallow

shame B1

/ʃeɪm/ a state of dishonor

shameful B1

/ˈʃeɪmfəl/ (used of conduct or character) deserving or bringing disgrace or shame

sharp B1

/ʃɑɹp/ changing suddenly in direction and degree

shave B1

/ʃeɪv/ touch the surface of lightly

sheer B1

/ʃɪɚ/ directly, straight

sheet B1

/ʃit/ any broad thin expanse or surface

shelter B1

/ˈʃɛltəɹ/ invest money so that it is not taxable

sheriff B1

/ˈʃɛɹɪf/ the principal law-enforcement officer in a county

shift B1

/ˈʃɪft/ the act of changing one thing or position for another

shiny B1

/ˈʃaɪ.ni/ Reflecting light.

shiver B1

/ˈʃɪvɚ/ shake, as from cold

shocked B1

/ˈʃɑːkt/ Surprised, startled, confused, or taken aback, particularly when also indignant.

shocking B1

/ˈʃɑkɪŋ/ Extremely bad.

shopper B1

/ˈʃɔp.ə/ A person who shops.

shortage B1

/ˈʃɔː(ɹ)tɪd͡ʒ/ A lack or deficiency; an insufficient amount.

shortly B1

/ˈʃɔɹtli/ for a short time

shrimp B1

/ʃɹɪmp/ Any of many swimming, often edible, crustaceans, chiefly of the infraorder Caridea or the suborder Dendrobranchiata, with slender legs, long whiskers and a long abdomen.

sickness B1

/ˈsɪknɪs/ defectiveness or unsoundness

sidewalk B1

/ˈsaɪdwɔk/ A paved footpath located at the side of a road, for the use of pedestrians.

sigh B1

/saɪ/ a sound like a person sighing

signal B1

/ˈsɪɡnəl/ notably out of the ordinary

signature B1

/ˈsɪɡ.nə.t͡ʃɚ/ a sheet with several pages printed on it

significance B1

/səgˈnɪfɪkəns/ the quality of being significant

signpost B1

/ˈsaɪnˌpoʊst/ A post bearing a sign that gives information on directions.

silent B1

/ˈsaɪlənt/ having a frequency below or above the range of human audibility

silk B1

/sɪlk/ A fine fiber excreted by the silkworm or other arthropod (such as a spider).

similarity B1

/ˌsɪm.əˈlæɹ.ə.ti/ The relation of sharing properties.

similarly B1

/ˈsɪm.əli/ in like or similar manner

simplify B1

/ˈsɪmplɪfaɪ/ make simpler or easier or reduce in complexity or extent

simultaneously B1

/ˌsaɪmlˈteɪnɪəsli/ at the same instant

skeleton B1

/ˈskɛlətən/ the internal supporting structure that gives an artifact its shape

skin B1

/skɪn/ an outer surface (usually thin)

skyscraper B1

/ˈskaɪˌskɹeɪpɚ/ A very tall building with a large number of floors.

slavery B1

/ˈsleɪvəɹi/ An institution or social practice of owning human beings as property, especially for use as forced laborers.

sleeve B1

/ˈsliːv/ The part of a garment that covers the arm.

slight B1

/slaɪt/ lacking substance or significance

slightly B1

/ˈslaɪtli/ Slenderly; delicately.

slip B1

/slɪp/ the act of avoiding capture, especially by cunning

slogan B1

/ˈsloʊɡən/ A distinctive phrase of a person or group of people (such as a movement or political party); a motto.

slope B1

/sloʊp/ an elevated geological formation

slot B1

/slɑt/ a small slit, as for inserting a coin or depositing mail

smoker B1

/ˈsmoʊkɚ/ A person who smokes tobacco habitually.

sneeze B1

/sniːz/ exhale spasmodically, as when an irritant entered one's nose

snowboard B1

/ˈsnoʊˌbɔɹd/ glide down a snow-covered slope while standing on a board

snowstorm B1

/ˈsnəʊstɔːm/ Bad weather involving blowing winds and snow, or blowing winds and heavy snowfall amount.

soap opera B1

social networking B1

socially B1

/ˈsoʊʃəli/ in a social manner

soil B1

/sɔɪl/ the geographical area under the jurisdiction of a sovereign state

solid B1

/ˈsɑ.lɪd/ impenetrable for the eye

somehow B1

/ˈsʌmhaʊ/ for some unspecified reason

someplace B1

/ˈsʌmˌpleɪs/ Somewhere.

sometime B1

/ˈsʌmˌtaɪm/ at some indefinite or unstated time

sometimes B1

/ˈsʌm.taɪmz/ on certain occasions or in certain cases but not always

soothe B1

/suːð/ cause to feel better

sophomore B1

/ˈsɑf.mɔɹ/ The second in a series, especially, the second of an artist’s albums or the second of four years in a high school (tenth grade) or university.

sore B1

/soɹ/ causing misery or pain or distress

sorrow B1

/ˈsɑɹoʊ/ an emotion of great sadness associated with loss or bereavement

sort B1

/soɹt/ an approximate definition or example

soul B1

/soʊl/ the human embodiment of something

sour B1

/[ˈsɑːə]/ inaccurate in pitch

southeast B1

/ˌsaʊˈθiːst/ coming from the southeast

southern B1

/ˈsʌðɚn/ situated in or oriented toward the south

southwest B1

/saʊθˈwɛst/ coming from the southwest

souvenir B1

/ˈsu.vəˌnɪɹ/ An item of sentimental value, that is given or kept to remember an event or location.

sparkle B1

/ˈspɑɹ.kəl/ merriment expressed by a brightness or gleam or animation of countenance

specialist B1

/ˈspɛʃəlɪst/ Specialised, involving detailed knowledge of a restricted topic.

specialize B1

/ˈspɛʃəˌlaɪz/ become more focus on an area of activity or field of study

specially B1

/ˈspɛʃəli/ in a special manner

spectacular B1

/spɛkˈtæk.jə.lɚ/ characteristic of spectacles or drama

spectator B1

/ˈspɛkteɪtɚ/ One who watches an event; especially, an event held outdoors.

spelling B1

/ˈspɛlɪŋ/ present participle and gerund of spell

sphere B1

/sfɪɚ/ a particular environment or walk of life

spice B1

/spaɪs/ Aromatic or pungent plant matter (usually dried) used to season or flavor food.

spicy B1

/ˈspaɪsi/ Of, pertaining to, or containing spice.

spider B1

/ˈspaɪ̯dɚ/ Any of various eight-legged, predatory arthropods, of the order Araneae, most of which spin webs to catch prey.

spinach B1

/spɪˈnætʃ/ A particular edible plant, Spinacia oleracea, or its leaves.

spiral B1

/ˈspɑɪɹəl/ form a spiral

spirit B1

/ˈspɪɹɪt/ the state of a person's emotions, especially with regard to pleasure or dejection

spiritual B1

/ˈspɪɹɪt͡ʃuəl/ lacking material body or form or substance

spoil B1

/spɔɪl/ the act of spoiling something by causing damage to it

sponge B1

/spʌnd͡ʒ/ someone able to acquire new knowledge and skills rapidly and easily

sponsor B1

/ˈspɑn.sɚ/ assume responsibility for or leadership of

sports B1

/spɔɹts/ To participate in sports; typically used by a person with little interest in the subject to derisively elide details of the activity in question.

sportsmanship B1

/ˈspɔrtsmənˌʃɪp/ The behaviour exhibited in playing sports, either good or bad.

stable B1

/ˈsteɪbəl/ resistant to change of position or condition

stall B1

/stɔl/ a malfunction in the flight of an aircraft in which there is a sudden loss of lift that results in a downward plunge

standard B1

/ˈstændɚd/ commonly used or supplied

stare B1

/stɛɚ/ a fixed look with eyes open wide

status B1

/ˈsteɪt.əs/ the relative position or standing of things or especially persons in a society

steadily B1

/ˈstɛdɪli/ at a steady rate or pace

steady B1

/ˈstɛdi/ not easily excited or upset

steam B1

/stiːm/ cook something by letting steam pass over it

steel B1

/stiːl/ An artificial metal produced from iron, harder and more elastic than elemental iron; used figuratively as a symbol of hardness.

steep B1

/stiːp/ having a sharp inclination

stem B1

/stɛm/ (linguistics) the form of a word after all affixes are removed

stick B1

/ˈstɪk/ threat of a penalty

sticker B1

/ˈstɪkɚ/ Something or someone that sticks (pierces, or adheres).

sticky B1

/ˈstɪki/ having the properties of an adhesive

stir B1

/stɝ/ affect emotionally

storage B1

/ˈstɔɹ.ɪd͡ʒ/ The act of storing goods; the state of being stored.

stormy B1

/ˈstɔɹmi/ affected or characterized by storms or commotion, especially of weather

storyteller B1

/ˈstɔriːˌtɛlɝ/ A person who relates stories through one medium or another to an audience.

strain B1

/stɹeɪn/ (biology) a group of organisms within a species that differ in trivial ways from similar groups

strangely B1

/ˈstɹeɪnd͡ʒli/ In a strange or coincidental manner.

strategic B1

/stɹəˈti.dʒɪk/ highly important to or an integral part of a strategy or plan of action especially in war

straw B1

/stɹɔ/ of a pale yellow color like straw

strawberry B1

/ˈstɹɔˌbɛɹi/ The sweet, usually red, edible accessory fruit of certain plants of the genus Fragaria.

stream B1

/stɹiːm/ a steady flow of a fluid (usually from natural causes)

strengthen B1

/ˈstɹɛŋ(k)θən/ gain strength

stress B1

/stɹɛs/ the relative prominence of a syllable or musical note, especially with regard to stress or pitch

stressed B1

/stɹɛst/ bearing a stress or accent

stressful B1

/ˈstɹɛsfəl/ Irritating; causing stress.

stretch B1

/stɹɛt͡ʃ/ easily stretched

stricken B1

/ˈstɹɪkən/ Struck by something.

strip B1

/stɹɪp/ a form of erotic entertainment in which a dancer gradually undresses to music

stripe B1

/stɹaɪp/ a narrow marking of a different color or texture from the background

struggle B1

/ˈstrʌgəl/ strenuous effort

stubborn B1

/ˈstʌbɚn/ not responding to treatment

stuck B1

/stʌk/ caught or fixed

studio B1

/ˈstjuːdiəʊ/ workplace for the teaching or practice of an art

stuffed B1

/stʌft/ filled with something

stumble B1

/ˈstʌmbəl/ miss a step and fall or nearly fall

stun B1

/stʌn/ make senseless or dizzy by or as if by a blow

stunning B1

/ˈstʌnɪŋ/ strikingly beautiful or attractive

stupid B1

/ˈst(j)yː.pɪd/ a person who is not very bright

stylish B1

/ˈstaɪlɪʃ/ having elegance or taste or refinement in manners or dress

subconscious B1

/sʌbˈkɑn.ʃəs/ Occuring in the part of our mind that we are not normally aware of.

submarine B1

/sʌb.məˈɹin/ beneath the surface of the sea

substantial B1

/səbˈstænʃəl/ fairly large

substitute B1

/ˈsʌb.stɪ.tʃuːt/ be a substitute

suddenly B1

/ˈsʌd.ən.li/ quickly and without warning

suffer B1

/ˈsʌfɚ/ undergo injuries and illnesses

sufficient B1

/səˈfɪʃənt/ of a quantity that can fulfill a need or requirement but without being abundant

suffix B1

/ˈsʌfɪks/ attach a suffix to

suicide B1

/ˈsuɪˌsaɪd/ the act of killing yourself

summarize B1

/ˈsʌmɝˌaɪz/ be a summary of

summit B1

/ˈsʌmət/ a meeting of heads of governments

sunbathe B1

/ˈsʌnbeɪð/ A sunbathing session: a sunbath.

sundial B1

/ˈsʌnˌdaɪ.əl/ A device measuring the time of day by the position of a shadow cast by a pole or plate (gnomon) upon an engraved series of marks.

sunrise B1

/ˈsʌnɹaɪz/ The time of day when the sun appears above the eastern horizon.

sunset B1

/ˈsʌnˌsɛt/ of a declining industry or technology

superior B1

/sʊˈpɪɹ.i.ɚ/ (sometimes followed by `to') not subject to or influenced by

superstition B1

/ˌs(j)u.pɚˈstɪ.ʃən/ A belief considered to be irrational, unfounded, or based solely on fear and ignorance, particularly credulous reverence towards and belief in supernatural forces.

supply B1

/səˈplaɪ/ To provide (something), to make (something) available for use.

supporter B1

/səˈpɔɹ.tɚ/ a person who backs a politician or a team etc.

supportive B1

/səˈpɔɹtɪv/ furnishing support or assistance

suppose B1

/səˈpoʊz/ to believe especially on uncertain or tentative grounds

supposedly B1

/səˈpoʊ̯.zɪd.li/ As a matter of supposition; in the beliefs or according to the claims of some people.

surely B1

/ˈʃɔːli/ definitely or positively (`sure' is sometimes used informally for `surely')

surface B1

/ˈsɜɹ.fəs/ a superficial aspect as opposed to the real nature of something

surgeon B1

/ˈsɝd͡ʒən/ One who performs surgery; a doctor who performs operations on people or animals.

surgery B1

/ˈsɝ.d͡ʒə.ɹi/ a room where a doctor or dentist can be consulted

surprisingly B1

/səˈpɹaɪzɪŋli/ in a surprising manner

surround B1

/səˈɹaʊnd/ the area in which something exists or lives

surrounding B1

/səˈɹaʊndɪŋ/ An environment.

survival B1

/sɚˈvaɪ.vəl/ The fact or act of surviving; continued existence or life.

survivor B1

/sɚˈvaɪvɚ/ an animal that survives in spite of adversity

suspect B1

/səˈspɛkt/ imagine to be the case or true or probable

suspicion B1

/səˈspɪʃ.ən/ the state of being suspected

swarm B1

/swɔɹm/ a group of many things in the air or on the ground

swear B1

/ˈswɛɚ/ to declare or affirm solemnly and formally as true

sweatshirt B1

/ˈswɛtʃəːt/ cotton knit pullover with long sleeves worn during athletic activity

swell B1

/swɛl/ expand abnormally

swimmer B1

/ˈswɘm.ɘː/ a person who travels through the water by swimming

switch B1

/swɪt͡ʃ/ the act of changing one thing or position for another

swollen B1

/ˈswoʊ.lən/ Protuberant or abnormally distended (as by injury or disease).

sword B1

/[sɔɹd]/ A long bladed weapon with a grip and typically a pommel and crossguard (together forming a hilt), which is designed to cut, stab, slash and/or hack.

sympathy B1

/ˈsɪm.pəθ.i/ A feeling of pity or sorrow for the suffering or distress of another.

symptom B1

/ˈsɪm(p)təm/ A perceived change in some function, sensation or appearance of a person that indicates a disease or disorder, such as fever, headache or rash; strictly, a symptom is felt or experienced by the patient, while a sign can be detected by an observer.

syndrome B1

/ˈsɪndɹoʊm/ a complex of concurrent things

systematic B1

/ˌsɪs.təˈmæt.ɪk/ characterized by order and planning

tablet B1

/ˈtæblət/ a small flat compressed cake of some substance

takeaway B1

/ˈteɪkəweɪ/ prepared food that is intended to be eaten off of the premises

takeoff B1

/ˈteɪˌkɔf/ A launch or ascent into the air or into flight, such as of an aircraft, rocket, bird, high-jumper etc.

tale B1

/ˈteːl/ A rehearsal of what has occurred; narrative; discourse; statement; history; story.

talented B1

/ˈtæləntɪd/ Endowed with one or more talents.

talkative B1

/ˈtɔ.kə.ɾɪv/ Tending to talk a lot.

tank B1

/ˈtæŋk/ a large, usually metallic vessel for holding gases or liquids

taste B1

/teɪst/ delicate discrimination, especially of aesthetic values

tasteless B1

/ˈteɪstləs/ Having no flavour; bland; insipid.

tasty B1

/ˈteɪsti/ pleasing to the sense of taste

tax B1

/tæks/ make a charge against or accuse

teaching B1

/ˈtiːt͡ʃɪŋ/ the profession of a teacher

teammate B1

/ˈtiːmˌmeɪt/ a fellow member of a team or group

teamwork B1

/ˈtiːmˌwɝːk/ cooperative work done by a team (especially when it is effective)

tease B1

/tiːz/ the act of harassing someone playfully or maliciously

technique B1

/tɛkˈniːk/ The practical aspects of a given art, occupation etc.; formal requirements.

technological B1

/ˌtɛk.nəˈlɑ.dʒɪ.kəl/ based in scientific and industrial progress

teen B1

/tiːn/ being of the age 13 through 19

telecommunications B1

/ˌtɛləkəˌmjuːnəˈkeɪʃənz/ plural of telecommunication

telegram B1

/ˈtɛləˌɡɹæm/ A message transmitted by telegraph.

teller B1

/ˈtɛləɹ/ A bank clerk who receives and pays out money.

temper B1

/ˈtɛmpɚ/ a disposition to exhibit uncontrolled anger

temporary B1

/ˈtɛmp(əˌɹ)ɛɹi/ Not permanent; existing only for a period or periods of time.

tempt B1

/ˈtɛmpt/ provoke someone to do something through promises or persuasion

tend B1

/ˈtɛnd/ manage or run

tendency B1

/ˈten.dən.si/ a general direction in which something tends to move

tense B1

/tɛns/ cause to be uneasy or nervous or anxious

tension B1

/ˈtɛnʃən/ the action of stretching something tight

tent B1

/tɛnt/ a portable shelter usually of canvas stretched over supporting poles and fastened to the ground with ropes and pegs

term B1

/tɝm/ any distinct quantity contained in a polynomial

terminal B1

/ˈtɚmɪnəl/ causing or ending in or approaching death

terribly B1

/ˈtɛɹ.ɪ.bli/ used as intensifiers

terrific B1

/ˈʈɛrɨfɪk/ very great or intense

terrified B1

/ˈtɛɹɪfaɪd/ Extremely frightened.

terror B1

/ˈtɛɹ.ɚ/ a person who inspires fear or dread

terrorism B1

/ˈtɛɹəɹɪzəm/ the calculated use of violence or the threat of violence against civilians in order to attain goals that are political, religious, ideological in nature

thankful B1

/ˈθæŋkfl̩/ Showing appreciation or gratitude.

theft B1

/ˈθɛft/ The act of stealing property.

theory B1

/ˈθɪ.ɹi/ a belief that can guide behavior

thirst B1

/θɝst/ strong desire for something (not food or drink)

thorough B1

/ˈθʌɹoʊ/ painstakingly careful and accurate

threat B1

/θɹet/ declaration of an intention or a determination to inflict harm on another

threatening B1

/ˈθɹɛtə.nɪŋ/ Presenting a threat, posing a likely risk of harm.

thriller B1

/ˈθɹɪ.ləɹ/ Something that thrills.

throughout B1

/θɹuːˈaʊt/ In every part of; all through.

thumb B1

/ˈθʌm/ look through a book or other written material

thump B1

/θʌmp/ a heavy dull sound, as made by impact of heavy objects

thunder B1

/ˈθʌndɚ/ to make or produce a loud noise

thunderous B1

/ˈθʌn.dɚ.əs/ extremely ominous

thus B1

/ˈðʌs/ In this way or manner.

tick B1

/tɪk/ a metallic tapping sound

tide B1

/taɪd/ something that may increase or decrease (like the tides of the sea)

tighten B1

/ˈtaɪ.tən/ become tight or tighter

tightly B1

/ˈtaɪtli/ securely fixed or fastened

tile B1

/ˈtaɪ.əl/ cover with tiles

timely B1

/ˈtaɪmli/ done or happening at the appropriate or proper time

tin B1

/tɪn/ preserve in a can or tin

tiny B1

/ˈtaɪni/ Very small.

tire B1

/ˈtaɪ̯ɚ/ hoop that covers a wheel

tiring B1

/ˈtaɪəɹɪŋ/ That tires or tire.

tissue B1

/ˈtɪʃ.(j)u/ create a piece of cloth by interlacing strands of fabric, such as wool or cotton

tobacco B1

/təˈbæk.oʊ/ Leaves of Nicotiana tabacum and some other species cultivated and harvested to make cigarettes, cigars, snuff, for smoking in pipes or for chewing.

tongue B1

/tʊŋɡ/ a manner of speaking

toothpaste B1

/ˈtuθpeɪst/ A paste, normally used with a toothbrush, for cleaning the teeth.

tornado B1

/tɔɹˈneɪ.doʊ/ A violent wind in the form of a mobile, rapidly rotating, funnel cloud that has contacted the ground.

toss B1

/tɔs/ the act of throwing the ball to another member of your team

total B1

/ˈtoʊ.tl̩/ damage beyond the point of repair

totally B1

/ˈtoʊ.tə.li/ To the fullest extent or degree.

tourism B1

/ˈtɔːɹɪzəm/ The act of travelling or sightseeing, particularly away from one's home.

tournament B1

/ˈtʊɹnəmənt/ A series of games; either the same game played many times, or a succession of games related by a single theme; played competitively to determine a single winning team or individual.

trace B1

/tɹeɪs/ an indication that something has been present

tracksuit B1

/ˈtɹækˌsut/ A garment, usually consisting of a top and trousers (commonly known as tracksuit bottoms) worn as an outer layer by participants in sporting events such as athletics. The tracksuit is usually designed to be easily removed or replaced, before or after competing. Tracksuits have also been adopted in some cultures as leisurewear.

traditionally B1

/tɹəˈdɪʃ.ə.nə.li/ From the beginning.

traffic jam B1

tragedy B1

/ˈtɹæd͡ʒɛdi/ A disastrous event, especially one involving great loss of life or injury.

tragic B1

/ˈtɹæd͡ʒɪk/ of or relating to or characteristic of tragedy

trail B1

/tɹeɪl/ a track or mark left by something that has passed

transfer B1

/tɹænsˈfɚ/ someone who transfers or is transferred from one position to another

transform B1

/tɹænsˈfɔɹm/ change in outward structure or looks

transformation B1

/ˌtɹæns.fɔɹˈmeɪ.ʃən/ The act of transforming or the state of being transformed.

transitional B1

/tɹænˈzɪʃənəl/ of or relating to or characterized by transition

translate B1

/tɹænzˈleɪt/ change from one form or medium into another

transport B1

/tɹænsˈpɔɹt/ To carry or bear from one place to another; to remove; to convey.

transportation B1

/tɹænspɚˈteɪʃən/ The act of transporting, or the state of being transported; conveyance, often of people, goods etc.

trash B1

/tɹæʃ/ an amphetamine derivative (trade name Methedrine) used in the form of a crystalline hydrochloride

travel agent B1

treat B1

/tɹiːt/ provide treatment for

treatment B1

/ˈtɹiːtmənt/ a manner of dealing with something artistically

tremble B1

/ˈtɹɛmbl̩/ To shake, quiver, or vibrate.

tremendous B1

/tɹɪˈmɛndəs/ Awe-inspiring; terrific.

trend B1

/tɹɛnd/ a general tendency to change (as of opinion)

trigger B1

/ˈtɹɪɡɚ/ put in motion or move to act

trim B1

/tɹɪm/ a decoration or adornment on a garment

triumph B1

/ˈtɹaɪ.əmf/ A conclusive success following an effort, conflict, or confrontation of obstacles; victory; conquest.

tropical B1

/ˈtɹɑ.pɪ.kəl/ relating to or situated in or characteristic of the tropics (the region on either side of the equator)

trumpet B1

/ˈtɹʌmpɪt/ utter in trumpet-like sounds

trustworthy B1

/ˈtɹʌstˌwɜɹ.ði/ taking responsibility for one's conduct and obligations

tumble B1

/ˈtʌmbl̩/ put clothes in a tumbling barrel, where they are whirled about in hot air, usually with the purpose of drying

tuna B1

/ˈtjuː.nə/ Any of several species of fish of the genus Thunnus in the family Scombridae.

turbulence B1

/ˈtɝ.bjə.ləns/ a state of violent disturbance and disorder, as in politics or social conditions generally

turning B1

/ˈtɝ.nɪŋ/ act of changing in practice or custom

turtle B1

/ˈtɝtl̩/ Any land or marine reptile of the order Testudines, characterised by a protective shell enclosing its body. See also tortoise.

twin B1

/twɪn/ grow as twins

twist B1

/twɪst/ turning or twisting around, in place

typical B1

/ˈtɪp.ɪ.kəl/ conforming to a type

typically B1

/ˈtəp.ə.kə.li/ in a typical manner

unable B1

/ʌnˈeɪbl̩/ (usually followed by `to') not having the necessary means or skill or know-how

unafraid B1

/ʌnəˈfɹeɪd/ Not afraid.

unbelievable B1

/ˌʌnbɪˈliːvəbl̩/ Not to be believed.

uncertainty B1

/ʌnˈsɝtənti/ being unsettled or in doubt or dependent on chance

unclear B1

/ʌnˈklɪɚ/ not clear to the mind

uncontrollable B1

/ˌənkənˈtroʊləbəl/ incapable of being controlled or managed

uncover B1

/ʌnˈkʌvɚ/ remove all or part of one's clothes to show one's body

underage B1

/ˌʌndəɹˈeɪd͡ʒ/ Below the legal age (usually age 18) for some activity, such as consuming alcohol or engaging in sexual intercourse.

undergo B1

/ˌʌndɚˈɡoʊ/ pass through

underneath B1

/ˌʌndɚˈniθ/ Below; in a place beneath.

underpants B1

/ˈʌndə(ɹ)ˌpænts/ Underwear covering the genitalia and often buttocks, usually going no higher than the navel.

undo B1

/ʌnˈduː/ cause to become loose

undress B1

/ʌnˈdɹɛs/ partial or complete nakedness

unemployed B1

/ˌʌnɪmˈplɔɪd/ not engaged in a gainful occupation

unemployment B1

/ʌn.ɪmˈplɔɪ.mənt/ the state of being unemployed or not having a job

unexpected B1

/ʌnɪkˈspɛktɪd/ not expected or anticipated

unexpectedly B1

/ʌnɪkˈspɛktɪdli/ In an unexpected manner.

unfairly B1

/ənˈfɛrli/ in an unfair manner

unfit B1

/ənˈfɪt/ below the required standards for a purpose

unfold B1

/ʌnˈfoʊld/ open to the view

unfortunate B1

/ʌnˈfɔɹ.t͡ʃə.nɪt/ unsuitable or regrettable

unfriendly B1

/ʌnˈfɹɛn(d)li/ not disposed to friendship or friendliness

unheard B1

/ʌnˈhɜː(ɹ)d/ Not heard.

unify B1

/ˈjuːnɪfaɪ/ Become one.

uninterested B1

/əˈnɪntrəstəd/ having no care or interest in knowing

uninteresting B1

/əˈnɪntrəstɪŋ/ arousing no interest or attention or curiosity or excitement

union B1

/ˈjuː.njən/ being of or having to do with the northern United States and those loyal to the Union during the American Civil War

unique B1

/juːˈniːk/ highly unusual or rare but not the single instance

unite B1

/juˈnaɪt/ bring together for a common purpose or action or ideology or in a shared situation

universe B1

/ˈjuːnəˌvɝs/ everything that exists anywhere

unless B1

/ənˈlɛs/ Except on a specified condition; if not.

unlikely B1

/ʌnˈlaɪkli/ has little chance of being the case or coming about

unlucky B1

/ʌnˈlʌki/ having or bringing misfortune

unpack B1

/ʌnˈpæk/ remove from its packing

unpredictable B1

/ˌənprɪˈdɪktəbəl/ unknown in advance

unrelated B1

/ˌənrɪˈleɪtɪd/ Not connected or associated.

untidy B1

/ʌnˈtaɪdi/ not neat and tidy

unusually B1

/ʌnˈjuːʒuəli/ to a remarkable degree or extent

unwanted B1

/ʌnˈwɒntɪd/ Not wanted; unwelcome.

unwell B1

/ʌnˈwɛl/ Not in good health; not feeling well; somewhat ill

update B1

/ˈʌp.deɪt/ modernize or bring up to date

uplifted B1

/ˈʌplɪftɪd/ Lifted upwards, raised.

upload B1

/əpˈləʊd/ To transfer data to a computer on a network, especially to a server on the Internet.

upper B1

/ˈʌpɚ/ higher in place or position

up-to-date B1

/ˌʌp tə ˈdeɪt/ reflecting the latest information or changes

upward B1

/ˈʌpwɚd/ directed up

urge B1

/ɝd͡ʒ/ a strong restless desire

urgent B1

/ˈɝ.d͡ʒənt/ Requiring immediate attention.

usage B1

/ˈjuːsɪd͡ʒ/ the customary manner in which a language (or a form of a language) is spoken or written

used to B1

useless B1

/ˈjuːs.ləs/ having no beneficial use or incapable of functioning usefully

vacancy B1

/ˈvæɪkənsi/ an unoccupied position or job

vague B1

/veɪɡ/ Not clearly expressed; stated in indefinite terms.

vain B1

/ven/ Overly proud of oneself, especially concerning appearance; having a high opinion of one's own accomplishments with slight reason.

valuable B1

/ˈvælju(ə)bl̩/ having great material or monetary value, especially for use or exchange

van B1

/væn/ A covered motor vehicle used to carry goods or (normally less than ten) persons, usually roughly cuboid in shape, Depending on the type of van, it can be bigger or smaller than a pickup truck and SUV, and longer and higher than a car but relatively smaller than a truck/lorry or a bus.

variety B1

/vəˈɹaɪ.ə.ti/ a difference that is usually pleasant

various B1

/ˈvɛəɹi.əs/ having great diversity or variety

vary B1

/ˈvɛəɹi/ to become different in some particular way, without permanently losing one's or its former characteristics or essence

vast B1

/vast/ unusually great in size, amount, degree, extent, or scope

vegetarian B1

/vɛ.d͡ʒɪˈtɛ.ɹi.ən/ A person who does not eat animal flesh, or, in some cases, use any animal products.

vehicle B1

/ˈvi.ə.kəl/ a medium for the expression or achievement of something

vein B1

/ven/ a blood vessel that carries blood from the capillaries toward the heart

vessel B1

/ˈvɛs.əl/ A craft for transportation on or in water, air, or space.

vet B1

/vɛt/ a person who has served in the armed forces

via B1

/ˈvaɪə/ By way of; passing through.

vice B1

/ˈvaɪs/ a specific form of evildoing

vice president B1

victim B1

/ˈvɪktɪm/ One that is harmed—killed, injured, subjected to oppression, deceit, or otherwise adversely affected—by someone or something, especially another person or event, force, or condition; in particular

victory B1

/ˈvɪktəri/ a successful ending of a struggle or contest

video clip B1

viewpoint B1

/ˈvjuː.pɔɪnt/ a mental position from which things are viewed

violence B1

/ˈvaɪ.(ə.)ləns/ an act of aggression, as one against a person who resists

violently B1

/ˈvaɪ(ə)ləntli/ in a violent manner

virtual B1

/ˈvɜɹt͡ʃuəl/ In effect or essence, rather than in fact or reality; also, imitated, simulated.

virus B1

/ˈvaɪ.ɹəs/ a software program capable of reproducing itself and usually capable of causing great harm to files or other programs on the same computer

visa B1

/ˈʋi.zɑ/ an endorsement made in a passport that allows the bearer to enter the country issuing it

visible B1

/ˈvɪzɪb(ə)l/ obvious to the eye

vision B1

/ˈvɪʒ.n̩/ the perceptual experience of seeing

visual B1

/ˈvɪʒuəl/ visible

visually B1

/ˈvɪzju.əli/ with respect to vision

vivid B1

/ˈvɪvɪd/ having the highest saturation of color

vividly B1

/ˈvɪvɪdli/ in a vivid manner

volcano B1

/vɑlˈkeɪ.noʊ/ a fissure in the crust of a planet or moon through which molten lava and gases erupt

volume B1

/ˈvɑ.ljum/ the magnitude of sound, usually in a specified direction

volunteer B1

/ˌvɑlənˈtɪɹ/ tell voluntarily

vowel B1

/ˈvaʊ.əl/ A sound produced by the vocal cords with relatively little restriction of the oral cavity, forming the prominent sound of a syllable.

voyage B1

/ˈvɔɪ.ɪd͡ʒ/ A long journey, especially by ship.

wagon B1

/ˈwæɡən/ A heavier four-wheeled (normally horse-drawn) vehicle designed to carry goods (or sometimes people).

ward B1

/wɔɹd/ block forming a division of a hospital or a suite of rooms shared by patients who need a similar kind of care

wardrobe B1

/ˈwɔɹdɹoʊb/ A movable cupboard or cabinet designed for storing clothes, particularly as a large piece of bedroom furniture.

warmly B1

/ˈwɔɹmli/ in a warm manner

warmth B1

/wɔɹmθ/ the quality of having a moderate degree of heat

warn B1

/wɔɹn/ notify, usually in advance

warning B1

/ˈwoɹnɪŋ/ notification of something, usually in advance

warranty B1

/ˈwɔɹ.ən.ti/ A guarantee that a certain outcome or obligation will be fulfilled; security.

warrior B1

/ˈwɔɹiɚ/ A person who is actively engaged in battle, conflict or warfare; a soldier or combatant.

washbowl B1

a basin for washing the hands (`wash-hand basin' is a British expression)

waste B1

/ˈweɪst/ the trait of wasting resources

wasteful B1

/ˈweɪstfəl/ laying waste

waterfall B1

/ˈwɔtɚfɔl/ A waterfall-like outpouring of liquid, smoke, etc.

wax B1

/wæks/ increase in phase

weakness B1

/ˈwik.nɪs/ powerlessness revealed by an inability to act

weapon B1

/ˈwɛp.ən/ any instrument or instrumentality used in fighting or hunting

weather forecast B1

webcam B1

/ˈwɛbˌkæm/ A video camera whose output may be viewed in real time over a computer network, originally the World Wide Web.

weird B1

/ˈwiɚd/ Having an unusually strange character or behaviour.

well-dressed B1

Clothed or outfitted in fashionable or attractive personal apparel and attire.

westward B1

/ˈwɛst.wɚd/ toward the west

wetland B1

/ˈwɛtˌlænd/ Land that is covered mostly with water, with occasional marshy and soggy areas.

whale B1

/weɪl/ Any one of numerous large marine mammals comprising an informal group within the infraorder Cetacea that usually excludes dolphins and porpoises.

whenever B1

/wəˈnɛvɚ/ At any time that.

wherever B1

/(h)wɛɹˈɛvɚ/ Where ever; an emphatic form of where.

whether B1

/ˈwɛðə(ɹ)/ Introduces a simple indirect question (without a correlative).

whichever B1

/wɪt͡ʃˈɛvɚ/ Which ever; emphatic form of 'which'.

whisper B1

/ˈ(h)wɪspɚ/ The act of speaking in a quiet voice, especially without vibration of the vocal cords; the sound thus produced.

whistle B1

/ˈwɪs(ə)l/ the act of signalling or summoning by whistling or blowing a whistle

whoever B1

/huˈɛvɚ/ Who ever: an emphatic form of who.

widespread B1

/ˌwaɪdˈspɹɛd/ widely circulated or diffused

wildlife B1

/ˈwaɪldlaɪf/ all living things (except people) that are undomesticated

wildly B1

/ˈwaɪldli/ to an extreme or greatly exaggerated degree

willingness B1

/ˈwɪlɪŋnəs/ cheerful compliance

windscreen B1

/ˈwɪn(d).skɹiːn/ A transparent screen made of glass, located at the front of a vehicle in order to protect its occupants from the wind and weather.

windsurfing B1

A marine sport in which one stands on a floating board (typically 2 - 3 meters in length) to which a sail is attached. The board is steered by tilting the sail or banking the board. Some windsurfers use large waves to perform jumps and other stunts.

wing B1

/ˈwɪŋɡ/ a barrier that surrounds the wheels of a vehicle to block splashing water or mud

wire B1

/ˈwaɪɚ/ fasten with wire

wither B1

/ˈwɪðɚ/ To shrivel, droop or dry up, especially from lack of water.

witness B1

/ˈwɪt.nəs/ to see an event happen, to be present during something

wizard B1

/ˈwɪz.ɚd/ Someone, usually male, who uses (or has skill with) magic, mystic items, and magical and mystical practices.

working B1

/ˈwɝkɪŋ/ serving to permit or facilitate further work or activity

workout B1

/ˈwɝk.aʊ̯t/ An exercise session; a period of physical exercise.

workplace B1

/ˈwɝkˌpleɪs/ The place where someone works.

workshop B1

/ˈwɝk.ʃɑp/ A room, especially one which is not particularly large, used for manufacturing or other light industrial work.

worn B1

/wɔɹn/ showing the wearing effects of overwork or care or suffering

worth B1

/wɝθ/ an indefinite quantity of something having a specified value

worthwhile B1

/ˌwɜː(ɹ)θˈwaɪl/ sufficiently valuable to justify the investment of time or interest

worthy B1

/ˈwɝði/ having qualities or abilities that merit recognition in some way

wound B1

/wyːnd/ a figurative injury to feelings or pride

wrap B1

/ɹɒp/ arrange or fold as a cover or protection

wrapping B1

/ˈɹæp.ɪŋ/ The material in which something is wrapped.

wrist B1

/ɹɪst/ The complex joint between forearm bones, carpus, and metacarpals where the hand is attached to the arm; the carpus in a narrow sense.

wristwatch B1

/ˈɹɪstˌwɔt͡ʃ/ a watch that is worn strapped to the wrist

written B1

/ˈɹɪ.tn̩/ set down in writing in any of various ways

yell B1

/jɛl/ a loud utterance

yoga B1

/ˈjoʊ.ɡə/ a system of exercises, focusing on breathing techniques, originally practiced as part of the Hindu religion, to promote control of the body and mind

English Vocabulary

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