This week on The Missing Workbook
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Word
English Vocabulary
Pick a CEFR level (A1–C2, plus C2+ for rare words beyond the CEFR scale) — A1 is the friendliest place to start — and browse its words grouped by topic: travel, food, the body, emotions, and more. Each word shows its meaning, example sentences, and US/UK pronunciation.
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All 27,899 wordsC2+ is beyond the official CEFR scale: rare, specialist, and literary words kept for reference.
72 words
price
A1
/ˈpɹɐɪ̯s/
The amount of money you must pay to buy something.
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cost
A2
/ˈkɔst/
The amount of money needed to buy or do something.
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opportunity
A2
/ˌɑ.pɚˈt(j)u.nə.ti/
A chance to do something, especially something useful or good.
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market
A2
/ˈmɑɹkɪt/
A place where people buy and sell goods, often outdoors with stalls.
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trade
A2
/ˈtreɪd/
The activity of buying and selling goods and services.
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loss
B1
/lɔs/
The fact of no longer having something you once had.
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saving
B2
/ˈsæɪ.vɪŋ/
Money you keep instead of spending, set aside for the future (usually plural: savings).
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boom
B1
/bum/
To grow or develop very quickly and successfully.
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exchange
A2
/ɛksˈt͡ʃeɪnd͡ʒ/
To give something and receive something else in return.
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debt
B1
/dɛt/
Money that you owe to someone else.
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capital
A2
[ˈkʰæp.ɪ.ɾɫ̩]
The most important city of a country or region, usually where the government is.
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production
A2
/pɹəˈdʌkʃən/
The process of making or growing something, usually in large amounts.
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supply
B1
/səˈplaɪ/
To provide something that someone needs or wants.
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demand
B1
/dɪˈmænd/
A strong and firm request for something.
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bust
B1
/bʌst/
To break something, or to break open suddenly and forcefully.
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wealth
A2
/wɛlθ/
A large amount of money and valuable possessions.
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profit
B1
/ˈpɹɑfɪt/
The money you gain after subtracting your costs, especially in business.
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budget
A2
/ˈbʌd͡ʒ.ət/
A plan of how much money you have and how you will spend it
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investment
B2
/ɪnˈvɛstmənt/
Money put into a business or shares with the hope of making a profit.
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economy
B1
/iˈkɑ.nə.mi/
The system by which a country produces, sells, and uses goods, services, and money.
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recovery
B1
/ɹɪˈkʌvəɹi/
A return to good health after illness or injury.
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income
B1
/ˈɪnˌkʌm/
The money a person or organization earns or receives, usually regularly.
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bubble
B1
/ˈbʌb.l̩/
A thin ball of liquid filled with air or gas
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enterprise
B2
/ˈɛntɚˌpɹaɪz/
A company or business.
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depression
B1
/dəˈpɹɛʃn̩/
A mental illness that makes someone feel very sad and hopeless for a long time.
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growth
B1
/ɡɹoʊθ/
An increase in size, number, value, or strength.
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poverty
B1
/ˈpɑːvɚti/
The state of being very poor and having little money.
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employment
B1
/ɪmˈplɔɪmənt/
Paid work, or the state of having a job
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wage
B2
/weɪd͡ʒ/
The money a worker is paid for their work, usually by the hour or week.
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currency
B1
/ˈkʌɹ.ən.si/
The system of money used in a particular country.
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distribution
B1
/ˌdɪstɹəˈbjuːʃən/
The way something is spread out or arranged over an area or group.
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cartel
C2
/kɑːrˈtel/
an association of independent businesses or producers that coordinate prices, output, or markets in order to limit competition
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speculation
C1
/ˌspek.jəˈlæɪ.ʃən/
An opinion or guess formed without firm evidence.
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revenue
B2
/ˈɹɛvəˌn(j)u/
The money a business or organization earns from its activities.
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efficiency
B1
/ɪˈfɪʃ.ən.si/
The quality of doing something well without wasting time, effort, or money.
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economics
B1
/ˌɛkəˈnɑmɪks/
The study of how money, goods, and services are produced, shared, and used.
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shortage
B1
/ˈʃɔː(ɹ)tɪd͡ʒ/
A situation in which there is not enough of something.
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consumption
B1
/kənˈsʌmp.ʃən/
The act of eating, drinking, or using something.
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capitalism
C1
/ˈkæpɪ̈tl̩ˌɪzm̩/
An economic system in which businesses and property are privately owned and run for profit.
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import¹
B2
/ˈɪm.pɔɹt/
A product or good brought in from another country.
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import²
B1
/ɪmˈpɔɹt/
To bring goods or products in from another country, usually to sell them.
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regulation
B1
/ˌɹɛɡjʊˈleɪʃən/
An official rule made by a government or organization.
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monopoly
C1
/məˈnɑpəli/
Complete control of a market by a single company, with no competition.
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resource
B1
/ˈɹisɔɹs/
A supply of money, materials, people, or other things that can be used when needed.
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export¹
B2
/ˈɛks.pɔɹt/
A product that is sold and sent to another country.
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export²
B1
/ɪksˈpɔɹt/
To sell and send goods to another country.
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inflation
B2
/ɪnˈfleɪ.ʃən/
A general rise in prices over time, which makes money worth less.
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socialism
B2
/ˈsoʊʃəlɪzəm/
Any of various economic and political theories advocating collective or governmental ownership and administration of the means of production and distribution of goods.
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utility
C1
/juˈtɪl.ə.ti/
A basic public service such as electricity, gas, or water supplied to homes and businesses.
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incentive
B2
/ɪnˈsɛntɪv/
Something that encourages you to do something, often a reward or payment.
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recession
B2
/ɹɪˈsɛʃn̩/
A period when a country's economy is weak and business activity falls.
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commodity
C2
/kəˈmɑdəti/
A raw material or basic product that is bought and sold in large amounts, such as oil or grain.
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surplus
C1
/ˈsɝˌplʌs/
An amount that is more than what is needed or used.
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deficit
C1
/ˈdɛfəsɪt/
The amount by which spending is greater than the money coming in.
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equilibrium
C2
/ˌiːkwəˈlɪbriːəm/
A state of balance in which opposing forces or influences cancel each other out.
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economist
B2
/iˈkɑ.nə.mɪst/
An expert in economics who studies how money, trade, and industry work.
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inequality
C1
/ˌɪn.ɪˈkwɑ.lɪ.ti/
An unfair difference between groups of people, especially in wealth or opportunity.
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expenditure
C1
/ɛkˈspɛndɪt͡ʃɚ/
The amount of money that is spent.
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taxation
B1
/tækˈseɪ.ʃən/
the system or act of charging taxes
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subsidy
C2
/ˈsɐbsɪdi/
Money given by a government or organization to help support a business or activity.
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globalization
B2
/ˌɡloʊ.bə.laɪˈzeɪ.ʃən/
The process by which businesses, ideas, and cultures spread and connect across the whole world.
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scarcity
C1
/ˈskɛɹsɪti/
a small and inadequate amount
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allocation
C1
/ˌæl.əˈkæɪ.ʃən/
The process of giving out money, time, or resources for a particular purpose.
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elasticity
C2
/ɪ.læsˈtɪs.ɪ.ti/
The ability of a material to return to its original shape after being stretched or squeezed.
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privatization
C1
/ˌpɹaɪvətaɪˈzeɪʃən/
The transfer of a company or service from government to private ownership.
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tariff
B1
/ˈtærɪf/
a tax imposed by a government on goods imported from or exported to another country
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nationalization
C2
/ˌnæʃ.ən.əl.əˈzeɪ.ʃən/
the transfer of a privately owned industry, service, or asset into ownership or control by a national government
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stagnate
C1
/ˈstæɡneɪt/
to stop flowing or circulating and become still or stale
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deflation
C2+
/dɪˈfleɪʃən/
a fall in the general price level; the act of letting out air
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liquidity
C2+
/lɪˈkwɪdɪti/
the availability of cash or easily convertible assets
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oligopoly
C2
/ˌɑləˈɡɑpəli/
a market dominated by a small number of sellers
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macroeconomics
C1
/ˌmækɹoʊɛkəˈnɑmɪks/
the study of an economy as a whole, including overall output, employment, and inflation
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