Project Gutenberg #77427
The Analysis of Matter
Bertrand Russell
1927Russell's philosophical treatment of physics and matter, prepared section by section from Project Gutenberg HTML.
Project Gutenberg #77427 Public domain in the United States Cover source Local typographic cover created for MojiMori from public-domain source metadata
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Chapter XXVII — PARTICULARS AND EVENTS Central question What are the basic units out of which physics is built? Main argument Russell turns to particulars and events as the minimal materials for his ontology. He...
Idealism: 7, 28, 215, 382, 387, 388 Idealists: 215 Impenetrable: 385 Implication, strict: 199 Indestructible: 385 Indistinguishability: 282 Individuals: 387 Induction: 153, 154, 167, 175, 194, 230, 233, 398 „ mathematical: 71 Inference: 150, 187, 190 „ physiological: 150, 190 Infinite divisibility: 279 Infinitesimals: 104, 107 Instants: 294 Integers, finite: 3 Interference: 352, 395 Interpenetration, logical: 386 „ spatio-temporal: 386 Interpretation: 4, 88, 137, 141, 188, 225, 288 Interval: 51, 58, 69, 70, 88, 110, 117, 129, 314, 327, 330, 354, 367, 377, 396, 397, 402 „ discontinuous: 367 „ time-like; space-like: 51 Introspection: 173 Invariants: 82, 84 Jeans: 31, 32, 123, 129, 341, 381, 386 Jeremiah: 240 Johnson, Dr.: 136 Jordan, P.: 38, 42, 343 Kant: 14, 20, 55, 78, 157, 159, 160, 169, 171, 174, 175, 279 Keynes: 167, 233, 399 Kinematics: 361 King, L. V.: 47, 129 Kirchoff: 19 Knowledge: 174, 178 „ subjective factor in: 334 Köhler: 148 Kropotkin: 74 Language: 152, 239 Laws, causal: 101 Laws: differential: 101 „ general: 229 „ of contradiction: 171 „ of motion, first: 323 „ simple: 232, 236 „ scientific: 388 „ statistical: 231, 235, 236 Learned reactions: 154 Leibniz: 8, 14, 17, 18, 156, 157, 160, 200, 238, 328 Leonardo: 161 Lewis, G. I.: 199 „ G. N.: 125, 126, 134, 164 Light: 123, 131, 132, 155, 163, 216, 235, 244, 267, 276, 314, 317, 328, 339, 345, 351, 364, 369, 373, 395 „ frequency of: 353 Light-quantum: 124, 268, 316, 318, 395, 401 Light-ray: 70 Limit: 309 Limitation of variety: 233 Limits: 71, 117 Line: 306 „ spectra: 32 „ "straight": 61 Lobatchevsky: 20, 103 Location: 258, 320 Locke: 132, 159, 257, 339 Logic: 2, 9, 171, 239, 247, 250, 387 „ mathematical: 2, 9, 71, 107, 138, 350 „ traditional: 387 Logical property: 251 „ symbols: 289 Lorentz: 124 „ transformation: 49, 54 Mach: 15, 19 Mass: 53, 86, 122, 163, 284, 318, 386 „ gravitational: 341 „ invariant: 122 „ relative: 122 Material energy-tensor: 86 Materialism: 7, 162, 383, 387, 388 Materialists: 215 Mathematics: 174, 176 „ applied: 5 Matrices: 44, 46 Matter: 131, 134, 156, 160, 182, 192, 215, 243, 321, 324, 355, 372, 379, 384, 392, 401 „ atomicity of: 30 „ indestructibility of: 168 „ unperceived: 232 Matters of fact: 176, 178[Pg 406] Maxwell, Clerk: 15, 20, 22 Maxwell's equations: 49, 54, 97, 121, 258, 359 Meaning: 240, 243 Measurement: 90, 97, 99, 107, 109, 337, 377, 397 Memory: 186, 266, 267, 389 Mendelians: 233 Menger, Karl: 312 Mental states: 320, 322 Mercury: 40 Metre: 91 Mill, J. S.: 21, 101, 171 Mind: 156, 160, 192, 336, 382, 387 Minkowski: 15, 135, 395 Mnemic phenomena: 265, 315 Modality: 169 Momentum: 36, 84, 86, 156, 162 Monad: 157 Moore, G. E.: 210 Motion: 244, 246, 278, 317, 326, 355 „ absolute: 356, 358 „ continuous: 380 „ percept of: 279 „ periodic: 344, 348 „ relative: 359, 378 Motor habits: 148 Muscular physics: 160 Naive realism: 155, 218, 262, 398 Names: 152 Napoleon: 186 Necessary and contingent propositions: 169 Neighbourhoods: 295 ff., 303, 312 Neutral monism: 382 „ stuff: 10 Newman, M. H. A.: 290 Newton: 13, 18, 161, 356, 358, 395 Nicod: 167 Nisbet: 167 Nucleus: 347 Numbers: 4 „ ordinal: 250 „ real: 290 Object: 142, 181, 182, 186, 204, 207, 218 Objectivity: 218, 222 Objects, external: 198 Occam: 15, 290 Odour: 133 Ontology: 9 Orbits, elliptical: 38 Order: 109, 231, 242 „ macroscopic: 304 „ microscopic: 305 Overlapping: 294, 356 Paneth: 24 Parallel displacement: 96, 106 Parallelism, psycho-cerebral: 391 Parallelogram: 99, 104, 117, 377 Particulars: 275, 319, 386 Pasch: 210 Peano: 3, 240 Perception: 137, 159, 164, 173, 175, 177, 178, 186, 187, 188, 189, 215, 218, 219, 247, 398 „ causal theory of: 181, 193, 197, 320 „ causes of: 8 „ cognitive efficacy of: 262 Percepts: 218 „ "ideal": 211 „ physical status of: 257 „ structure of: 281 Percipients, "ideal": 210 Periodicity: 343, 363, 365 Periodic process: 267, 343, 348, 208, 216 Perspective: 198, 208, 216, 221, 323, 333, 334, 348 Peters: 324 Phenomenalism: 209, 324, 333, 388, 398, 399 Philosophy: 194 Photo-electric effect: 31, 329, 395 Photographs: 334 Photon: 126 Physical time: 254 Physics, abstractness of: 130 „ and perception: 6 „ and pure mathematics: 1 Physiology: 137 Place: 217 Planck: 30 Planck's constant. See "" Pluralism: 242 Poincaré: 233, 312 Points: 9, 22, 276, 286, 290, 299, 321, 348, 376, 401 „ "connected": 304 „ material: 321 Possibility: 170 Postulates: 167, 249 Predicate: 239, 242 Prepositions: 242 Primitive religion: 149 Principle of identification: 86 Probability: 16, 141, 167, 170, 398 Progression: 4 Proper names: 242 Propositional functions: 170 Propositions, general: 185 Protons: 9, 24, 80, 153, 234, 244, 394[Pg 407] Psychologist's fallacy: 179 Psychology: 137 Pythagoras: 22, 30, 58, 59, 61, 71, 235 Qualitative cycles: 359 „ differences: 346 „ series: 9, 115, 343 „ similarity: 120 Qualities: 345 „ primary, secondary: 132, 385 Quality: 288, 388, 391 „ intrinsic: 264 Quanta: 24, 26, 30, 329 Quantities, extensive: 116 „ intensive: 116 Quantum: 101, 168, 231, 234, 268, 326, 343, 345, 352, 355, 360, 366, 381, 393, 394, 402 „ laws: 331 „ number: 33, 36 „ phenomena: 322 Radiations: 283, 316, 326, 331 Radio-activity: 368, 393 Ramsey, F. P.: 299 Rationalists: 169 Realism, naive: 149 Recognition: 151 Reflexes: 143, 184 Region: 302, 311 Reichenbach: 381 Relation-number: 250 Relations: 238, 249 „ atomic; molecular: 116 Relativity: 337, 395 „ special theory of: 39, 48 „ theory of: 14, 17, 53, 100 Repetition: 346 Reversibility: 381 Rhythms: 347, 355, 356, 359, 363, 368, 374, 378, 402 Riemann: 21, 55, 58, 59 Robb, A. A.: 313 Rotation, absolute: 17, 358 Rutherford: 285, 325 Rydberg's constant: 32, 35, 195 Schrödinger: 46 Semi-similarity: 254, 265, 269 Sensation: 189 Sense organs: 259 Separation: 118, 377 Shakespeare: 392 Shapes: 202 Sheffer, H. M.: 10, 299 Sight: 316 „ physics: 160 Similar: 265 Similarity: 117, 120, 249 Simultaneity: 52, 63, 278 Skeleton, causal: 391 Smell: 165, 316 Solipsism: 8, 28, 158, 325, 398 Sommerfeld: 34, 35, 36, 39, 40, 41, 194, 343, 361 Sound: 133, 165, 209, 253, 261, 267 Space: 131, 143, 198, 286, 347 „ absolute: 321 „ empty: 324 „ Euclidean: 75, 298 „ metrical: 296 „ non-Euclidean: 42 „ perceptual: 252, 335, 338, 386 „ physical: 252, 336, 383, 385 „ tactual; visual: 144, 253 „ topological: 296, 312 Space-time: 49, 132, 244, 286, 338, 340, 341 „ genesis of: 376 „ order: 303 „ physical and perceptual: 333 Space and time, absolute: 14, 22 „ „ common: 207 Spatial relations:348, 359 Specific heat: 32, 195 Specious present: 278 Speech, parts of: 242 Spinoza: 157 Statistical averages: 191, 393 „ fact: 339 Stimulus: 227, 337, 338, 385, 390, 400 Straightness: 307 Structure: 227, 249, 276, 282, 285, 335, 338, 340, 386, 388, 390, 400 Stuff: 244, 388, 401 Subject: 239, 242 Subject-predicate logic: 287 Subjectivity: 223 „ cerebral (or psychological): 225 „ physical: 224 „ physiological (or sensory): 224 Substance: 121, 151, 192, 231, 238, 277, 283, 286, 318, 355, 401 „ indestructible: 238 „ permanent: 239 Suddenness: 347 Surface: 311 Surprise: 185 Symbols: 171[Pg 408] Syntax: 151 Tautologies: 171 Tensor equation: 233 Tensors: 18, 63, 96, 136, 396, 397 Testimony: 193, 203, 206, 399 Theory: 194, 195 Thermodynamics, second law of: 381 Thing, ideal: 213 Thomas, St.: 55 Time: 131, 132, 208, 253, 286, 381 „ perceptual: 338 „ proper: 350, 357 „ psychological: 254 Topography: 177 Touch: 260, 316 „ physics: 160 Transactions: 355, 356, 360, 362, 363, 368, 372, 378, 394, 402 Transitiveness: 251 Truth: 8 Truth-functions: 243 Unconscious: 385 Universals: 152 Urysohn: 297 Vagueness: 220, 223, 224, 280 Variables: 172 Variables, separation of: 36, 393 Velocities, composition of: 53 Velocity: 323, 374 Verbs: 242 Vietoris, L.: 296 Vis viva: 156 Watson, T. B.: 154, 192 Waves, electromagnetic: 20 Weierstrass: 3 Weight: 163 Wells: 226 Weyl: 87, 94, 95, 103, 106, 119, 328, 395, 396 Whitehead: 6, 22, 57, 75, 77, 78, 90, 130, 138, 144, 158, 199, 210, 230, 247, 237, 290, 291, 292, 294, 340, 397 Wilson: 35, 41, 343 Wittgenstein: 16, 171, 239 Words: 151 „ written: 241 World-lines: 135, 244, 253, 317 Writing: 241 Zeeman effect: 35 Zermelo's axiom: 299 Zones: 304
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