The Descent of Man, and Selection in Relation to Sex

found by. Chalcophaps indicus, characters of young. Chalcosoma atlas, sexual differences of. Chamaeleo, sexual differences in the genus; combats of. Chamaeleo bifurcus. Chamaeleo Owenii. Chamaeleo pumilus. Chamaepetes unicolor, modified wing-feather in the male. Chameleons. Chamois, danger-signals of; transfer of male characters to an old female. Champneys, Mr., acromio-basilar muscle and quadrupedal gait. Chapman, Dr., on stridulation in Scolytus. Chapuis, Dr., on the transmission of sexual peculiarities in pigeons; on streaked Belgian pigeons. Char, male, colouring of, during the breeding season. Characters, male, developed in females; secondary sexual, transmitted through both sexes; natural, artificial, exaggeration of, by man. Charadrus hiaticula and pluvialis, sexes and young of. Chardin on the Persians. Charms, worn by women. Charruas, freedom of divorce among the. Chasmorhynchus, difference of colour in the sexes of; colours of. Chasmorhynchus niveus. Chasmorhynchus nudicollis. Chasmorhynchus tricarunculatus. Chastity, early estimation of. Chatterers, sexual differences in. Cheever, Rev. H.T., census of the Sandwich Islands. Cheiroptera, absence of secondary sexual characters in. Chelae of crustacea. Chelonia, sexual differences in. Chenalopex aegyptiacus, wing-knobs of. Chera progne. Chest, proportions of, in soldiers and sailors; large, of the Quechua and Aymara Indians. Chevrotains, canine teeth of. Chiasognathus, stridulation of. Chiasognathus Grantii, mandibles of. Children, legitimate and illegitimate, proportion of the sexes in. Chiloe, lice of the natives of; population of. Chimaera monstrosa, bony process on the head of the male. Chimaeroid fishes, prehensile organs of male. Chimpanzee, ears of the; representatives of the eyebrows in the; hands of the; absence of mastoid processes in the; platforms built by the; cracking nuts with a stone; direction of the hair on the arms of the; supposed evolution of the; polygamous and social habits of the. China, North, idea of female beauty in. China, Southern, inhabitants of. Chinese, use of flint tools by the; difficulty of distinguishing the races of the; colour of the beard in; general beardlessness of the; opinions of the, on the appearance of Europeans and Cingalese; compression of the feet of. Chinsurdi, his opinion of beards. Chlamydera maculata. Chloeon, pedunculated eyes of the male of. Chloephaga, coloration of the sexes in. Chlorocoelus Tanana. Chorda dorsalis. Chough, red beak of the. Chromidae, frontal protuberance in male; sexual differences in colour of. Chrysemys picta, long claws of the male. Chrysococcyx, characters of young of. Chrysomelidae, stridulation of. Cicada pruinosa. Cicada septendecim. Cicadae, songs of the; rudimentary sound-organs in females of. Cicatrix of a burn, causing modification of the facial bones. Cichla, frontal protuberance of male. Cimetiere du Sud, Paris. Cincloramphus cruralis, large size of male. Cinclus aquaticus. Cingalese, Chinese opinion of the appearance of the. Cirripedes, complemental males of. Civilisation, effects of, upon natural selection; influence of, in the competition of nations. Clanging of geese, etc. Claparede, E., on natural selection applied to man. Clarke, on the marriage-customs of Kalmucks. Classification. Claus, C., on the sexes of Saphirina. Cleft-palate, inherited. Climacteris erythrops, sexes of. Climate, cool, favourable to human progress; power of supporting extremes of, by man; want of connexion of, with colour; direct action of, on colours of birds. Cloaca, existence of a, in the early progenitors of man. Cloacal passage existing in the human embryo. Clubs, used as weapons before dispersion of mankind. Clucking of fowls. Clythra 4-punctata, stridulation of. Coan, Mr., Sandwich-islanders. Cobbe, Miss, on morality in hypothetical bee-community. Cobra, ingenuity of a. Coccus. Coccyx, in the human embryo; convoluted body at the extremity of the; imbedded in the body. Cochin-China, notions of beauty of the inhabitants of. Cock, blind, fed by its companion; game, killing a kite; comb and wattles of the; preference shewn by the, for young hens; game, transparent zone in the hackles of a. Cock of the rock. Cockatoos, nestling; black, immature plumage of. Coelenterata, absence of secondary sexual characters in. Coffee, fondness of monkeys for. Cold, supposed effects of; power of supporting, by man. Coleoptera, stridulation of; stridulant organs of, discussed. Colias edusa and hyale. Collingwood, C., on the pugnacity of the butterflies of Borneo; on butterflies being attracted by a dead specimen of the same species. Colobus, absence of the thumb. Colombia, flattened heads of savages of. Colonists, success of the English as. Coloration, protective, in birds. Colour, supposed to be dependent on light and heat; correlation of, with immunity from certain poisons and parasites; purpose of, in lepidoptera; relation of, to sexual functions, in fishes; difference of, in the sexes of snakes; sexual differences of, in lizards; influence of, in the pairing of birds of different species; relation of, to nidification; sexual differences of, in mammals; recognition of, by quadrupeds; of children, in different races of man; of the skin in man. Colours, admired alike by man and animals; bright, due to sexual selection; bright, among the lower animals; bright, protective to butterflies and moths; bright, in male fishes; transmission of, in birds. Colquhoun, example of reasoning in a retriever. Columba passerina, young of. Colymbus glacialis, anomalous young of. Comb, development of, in fowls. Combs and wattles in male birds. Community, preservation of variations useful to the, by natural selection. Complexion, different in men and women, in an African tribe. Compositae, gradation of species among the. Comte, C., on the expression of the ideal of beauty by sculpture. Conditions of life, action of changed, upon man; influence of, on plumage of birds. Condor, eyes and comb of the. Conjugations, origin of. Conscience, absence of, in some criminals. Constitution, difference of, in different races of men. Consumption, liability of Cebus Azarae to; connection between complexion and. Convergence of characters. Cooing of pigeons and doves. Cook, Captain, on the nobles of the Sandwich Islands. Cope, E.D., on the Dinosauria. Cophotis ceylanica, sexual differences of. Copris. Copris Isidis, sexual differences of. Copris lunaris, stridulation of. Corals, bright colours of. Coral-snakes. Cordylus, sexual difference of colour in a species of. Corfu, habits of the Chaffinch in. Cornelius, on the proportions of the sexes in Lucanus Cervus. Corpora Wolffiana, agreement of, with the kidneys of fishes. Correlated variation. Correlation, influence of, in the production of races. Corse, on the mode of fighting of the elephant. Corvus corone. Corvus graculus, red beak of. Corvus pica, nuptial assembly of. Corydalis cornutus, large jaws of the male. Cosmetornis. Cosmetornis vexillarius, elongation of wing-feathers in. Cotingidae, sexual differences in; coloration of the sexes of; resemblance of the females of distinct species of. Cottus scorpius, sexual differences in. Coulter, Dr., on the Californian Indians. Counting, origin of; limited power of, in primeval man. Courage, variability of, in the same species; universal high appreciation of; importance of; characteristic of men. Courtship, greater eagerness of males in; of fishes; of birds. Cow, winter change of colour. Crab, devil. Crab, shore, habits of. Crabro cribrarius, dilated tibiae of the male. Crabs, proportions of the sexes in. Cranz, on the inheritance of dexterity in seal-catching. Crawfurd, on the number of species of man. Crenilabrus massa and C. melops, nests, built by. Crest, origin of, in Polish fowls. Crests, of birds, difference of, in the sexes; dorsal hairy, of mammals. Cricket, field-, stridulation of the; pugnacity of male. Cricket, house-, stridulation of the. Crickets, sexual differences in. Crinoids, complexity of. Crioceridae, stridulation of the. Croaking of frogs. Crocodiles, musky odour of, during the breeding season. Crocodilia. Crossbills, characters of young. Crosses in man. Crossing of races, effects of the. Crossoptilon auritum, adornment of both sexes of; sexes alike in. Crotch, G.R., on the stridulation of beetles; on the stridulation of Heliopathes; on the stridulation of Acalles; habit of female deer at breeding time. Crow, Indians, long hair of the. Crow, young of the. Crows, vocal organs of the; living in triplets. Crows, carrion, new mates found by. Crows, Indian, feeding their blind companions. Cruelty of savages to animals. Crustacea, parasitic, loss of limbs by female; prehensile feet and antennae of; male, more active than female; parthenogenesis in; secondary sexual characters of; amphipod, males sexually mature while young; auditory hairs of. Crystal worn in the lower lip by some Central African women. Cuckoo fowls. Culicidae, attracted by each other’s humming. Cullen, Dr., on the throat-pouch of the male bustard. Cultivation of plants, probable origin of. Cupples, Mr., on the numerical proportion of the sexes in dogs, sheep, and cattle; on the Scotch deerhound; on sexual preference in dogs. Curculionidae, sexual difference in length of snout in some; hornlike processes in male; musical. Curiosity, manifestations of, by animals. Curlews, double moult in. Cursores, comparative absence of sexual differences among the. Curtis, J., on the proportion of the sexes in Athalia. Cuvier, F., on the recognition of women by male quadrumana. Cuvier, G., on the number of caudal vertebrae in the mandrill; on instinct and intelligence; views of, as to the position of man; on the position of the seals; on Hectocotyle. Cyanalcyon, sexual difference in colours of; immature plumage of. Cyanecula suecica, sexual differences of. Cychrus, sounds produced by. Cycnia mendica, sexual difference of, in colour. Cygnus ferus, trachea of. Cygnus immutabilis. Cygnus olor, white young of. Cyllo Leda, instability of the ocellated spots of. Cynanthus, variation in the genus. Cynipidae, proportion of the sexes in. Cynocephalus, difference of the young from the adult; male, recognition of women by; polygamous habits of species of. Cynocephalus babouin. Cynocephalus chacma. Cynocephalus gelada. Cynocephalus hamadryas, sexual difference of colour in. Cynocephalus leucophaeus, colours of the sexes of. Cynocephalus mormon, colours of the male. Cynocephalus porcarius, mane of the male. Cynocephalus sphinx. Cynopithecus niger, ear of. Cypridina, proportions of the sexes in. Cyprinidae, proportion of the sexes in the. Cyprinidae, Indian. Cyprinodontidae, sexual differences in the. Cyprinus auratus. Cypris, relation of the sexes in. Cyrtodactylus rubidus. Cystophora cristata, hood of. Dacelo, sexual difference of colour in. Dacelo Gaudichaudi, young male of. Dal-ripa, a kind of ptarmigan. Damalis albifrons, peculiar markings of. Damalis pygarga, peculiar markings of. Dampness of climate, supposed influence of, on the colour of the skin. Danaidae. Dances of birds. Dancing, universality of. Danger-signals of animals. Daniell, Dr., his experience of residence in West Africa. Darfur, protuberances artificially produced by natives of. Darwin, F., on the stridulation of Dermestes murinus. Dasychira pudibunda, sexual difference of colour in. Davis, A.H., on the pugnacity of the male stag-beetle. Davis, J.B., on the capacity of the skull in various races of men; on the beards of the Polynesians. Death’s Head Sphinx. Death-rate higher in towns than in rural districts. Death-tick. De Candolle, Alph., on a case of inherited power of moving the scalp. Declensions, origin of. Decoration in birds. Decticus. Deer, development of the horns in; spots of young; horns of; use of horns of; horns of a, in course of modification; size of the horns of; female, pairing with one male whilst others are fighting for her; male, attracted by the voice of the female; male, odour emitted by. Deer, Axis, sexual difference in the colour of the. Deer, fallow, different coloured herds of. Deer, Mantchurian. Deer, Virginian, colour of the, not affected by castration; colours of. Deerhound, Scotch, greater size of the male. Defensive orders of mammals. De Geer, C., on a female spider destroying a male. Dekay, Dr., on the bladder-nose seal. Delorenzi, G., division of malar bone. Demerara, yellow fever in. Dendrocygna. Dendrophila frontalis, young of. Denison, Sir W., manner of ridding themselves of vermin among the Australians; extinction of Tasmanians. Denny, H., on the lice of domestic animals. Dermestes murinus, stridulation of. Descent traced through the mother alone. Deserts, protective colouring of animals inhabiting. Desmarest, on the absence of suborbital pits in Antilope subgutturosa; on the whiskers of Macacus; on the colour of the opossum; on the colours of the sexes of Mus minutus; on the colouring of the ocelot; on the colours of seals; on Antilope caama; on the colours of goats; on sexual difference of colour in Ateles marginatus; on the mandrill; on Macacus cynomolgus. Desmoulins, on the number of species of man; on the muskdeer. Desor, on the imitation of man by monkeys. Despine, P., on criminals destitute of conscience. Development, embryonic of man; correlated. Devil, not believed in by the Fuegians. Devil-crab. Devonian, fossil-insect from the.