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Section 1 of 7
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Page 1 of 11
FARCICAL HISTORY OF RICHARD GREENOW
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Chapter 1 — FARCICAL HISTORY OF RICHARD GREENOW
Central question
How does Richard Greenow’s life become a farce of identity and ambition?
Main argument
The story treats Greenow’s social existence as comic...
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Section 1 of 7
Chapter 1 — FARCICAL HISTORY OF RICHARD GREENOW
Central question
How does Richard Greenow’s life become a farce of identity and ambition?
Main argument
The story treats Greenow’s social existence as comic biography: a person made legible through mismatch between how he appears and how he is read. Huxley uses the “history” form to undercut the dignity of the subject. The result is a satire of self-importance and social narration.
Key ideas
Biography becomes comedy.
Identity is unstable under social scrutiny.
The title itself signals mock-serious treatment.
Key takeaway
Greenow’s life is presented as a joke about the stories people tell about themselves.
I
THE most sumptuous present that Millicent
received on her seventh
birthday was a doll's house . "
With love to darling little Mill from
Aunty
Loo ."
Aunt Loo was immensely rich ,
and the doll's house was
almost as grandiose and massive as herself .
It was divided into four rooms ,
each papered in a different colour and
each furnished as was fitting :
beds and washstands and wardrobes in
the upstair rooms , arm-chairs
and artificial plants below . "
Replete
with every modern convenience ;
sumptuous appointments ."
There was even
a cold collation ready spread on the dining-room table --
two scarlet
lobsters on a dish ,
and a ham that had been sliced into just enough to
reveal an internal complexion of the loveliest pink and white .
One
might go on talking about the doll's house for ever ,
it was so
beautiful .
Such ,
at any rate ,
was the opinion of Millicent's
brother
Dick .
He would spend hours opening and shutting the front door ,
peeping through the windows ,
arranging and rearranging the furniture .
As for Millicent,
the gorgeous present left her cold .
She had been
hoping --
and ,
what is more ,
praying ,
fervently ,
every night for a
month --
that Aunty
Loo would give her a toy sewing-machine (
one of the
kind that works ,
though )
for her birthday .
She was bitterly disappointed when the doll's house came instead .
But
she bore it all stoically and managed to be wonderfully polite to
Aunty
Loo about the whole affair .
She never looked at the doll's
house :
it simply didn't interest her .
Dick had already been at a preparatory school for a couple of terms .
Mr . Killigrew,
the headmaster ,
thought him a promising boy . "
Has quite
a remarkable aptitude for mathematics ,"
he wrote in his report . "
He
has started Algebra this term and shows a "--"
quite remarkable "
scratched out (
the language of reports is apt to be somewhat
limited )--"
a very unusual grasp of the subject ."
Mr . Killigrew
didn't
know that his pupil also took an interest in dolls :
if he had ,
he
would have gibed at Dick as unmercifully and in nearly the same terms
as Dick's fellow-schoolboys--
for shepherds grow to resemble their
sheep and pedagogues their childish charges .
But of course Dick would
never have dreamt of telling anyone at school about it .
He was chary
of letting even the people at home divine his weakness ,
and when
anyone came into the room where the doll's house was ,
he would put his
hands in his pockets and stroll out ,
whistling the tune of , "
There is
a Happy Land far ,
far away ,
where they have Ham and Eggs seven times a
day ,"
as though he had merely stepped in to have a look at the beastly
thing --
just to give it a kick .
When he wasn't playing with the doll's house ,
Dick spent his holiday
time in reading ,
largely ,
devouringly .
No length or
incomprehensibility could put him off ;
he had swallowed down _Robert
Elsmere_
in the three-volume
edition at the age of eight .
When he
wasn't reading he used to sit and think about Things in General and
Nothing in Particular ;
in fact ,
as Millicent
reproachfully put it ,
he
just mooned about . Millicent,
on the other hand ,
was always busily
doing something :
weeding in the garden ,
or hoeing ,
or fruit-picking
(
she could be trusted not to eat more than the recognized tariff --
one
in twenty raspberries or one in forty plums );
helping Kate
in the
kitchen ;
knitting mufflers for those beings known vaguely as The
Cripples ,
while her mother read aloud in the evenings before bedtime .
She disapproved of Dick's mooning ,
but Dick mooned all the same .
When Dick was twelve and a half he knew enough about mathematics and
history and the dead languages to realize that his dear parents were
profoundly ignorant and uncultured .
But ,
what was more pleasing to the
dear parents ,
he knew enough to win a scholarship at Æsop
College ,
which is one of our Greatest Public Schools .
If this were a Public School story ,
I should record the fact that ,
while at Æsop,
Dick swore ,
lied ,
blasphemed ,
repeated dirty stories ,
read the articles in _John
Bull _
about brothels disguised as
nursing-homes
and satyrs disguised as curates ;
that he regarded his
masters ,
with very few exceptions ,
as fools ,
not even always
well-meaning.
And so on .
All which would be quite true ,
but beside the
point .
For this is not one of the conventional studies of those clever
young men who discover Atheism and Art at School ,
Socialism at the
University ,
and ,
passing through the inevitable stage of Sex and
Syphilis after taking their B .
A .,
turn into maturely brilliant
novelists at the age of twenty-five.
I prefer ,
therefore ,
to pass over
the minor incidents of a difficult pubescence ,
touching only on those
points which seem to throw a light on the future career of our hero .
It is possible for those who desire it --
incredible as the thing may
appear --
to learn something at Æsop
College .
Dick even learnt a great
deal .
From the beginning he was the young Benjamin
of his mathematical
tutor ,
Mr . Skewbauld,
a man of great abilities in his own art ,
and
who ,
though wholly incapable of keeping a form in order ,
could make
his private tuition a source of much profit to a mathematically minded
boy .
Mr . Skewbauld's
house was the worst in Æsop:
Dick described it as
a mixture between a ghetto and a home for the mentally deficient ,
and
when he read in Sir Thomas Browne
that it was a Vulgar Error to
suppose that Jews stink ,
he wrote a letter to the _
School Magazine _
exploding that famous doctor as a quack and a charlatan ,
whose
statements ran counter to the manifest facts of everyday life in Mr .
Skewbauld's
house .
It may seem surprising that Dick should have read
Sir Thomas Browne
at all .
But he was more than a mere mathematician .
He filled the ample leisure ,
which is Æsop's most precious gift to
those of its Alumni who know how to use it ,
with much and varied
reading in history ,
in literature ,
in physical science ,
and in more
than one foreign language .
Dick was something of a prodigy .
"Greenow's
an intellectual ,"
was Mr . Copthorne-Slazenger's
contemptuous verdict . "
I have the misfortune to have two or three
intellectuals in my house .
They're all of them friends of his .
I think
he's a Bad Influence in the School ." Copthorne-Slazenger
regarded
himself as the perfect example of _
mens sana
in corpore sano_,
the
soul of an English gentleman in the body of a Greek god .
Unfortunately
his legs were rather too short and his lower lip was underhung like a
salmon's .
Dick had ,
indeed ,
collected about him a band of kindred spirits .
There
was Partington,
who specialized in history ;
Gay ,
who had read all the
classical writings of the golden age and was engaged in the study of
mediæval Latin; Fletton,
who was fantastically clever and had brought
the art of being idle to a pitch never previously reached in the
annals of Æsop.
These were his chief friends ,
and a queer-looking
group they made --
Dick ,
small and dark and nervous ; Partington,
all
roundness ,
and whose spectacles were two moons in a moonface ;
Gay ,
with the stiff walk of a little old man ;
and Fletton,
who looked like
nobody so much as Mr .
Jingle ,
tall and thin with a twisted ,
comical
face .
"
An ugly skulking crew ," Copthorne-Slazenger,
conscious of his own
Olympian splendour ,
would say as he saw them pass .
With these faithful friends Dick should have been --
and indeed for the
most part was --
very happy .
Between them they mustered up a great stock
of knowledge ;
they could discuss every subject under the sun .
They
were a liberal education and an amusement to one another .
There were
times ,
however ,
when Dick was filled with a vague ,
but acute ,
discontent .
He wanted something which his friends could not give him ;
but what ,
but what ?
The discontent rankled under the surface ,
like a
suppressed measles .
It was Lord Francis Quarles
who brought it out and
made the symptoms manifest .
Francis Quarles
was a superb creature ,
with the curly forehead of a
bull and the face and limbs of a Græco-Roman
statue .
It was a sight
worth seeing when he looked down through half-shut
eyelids ,
in his
usual attitude of sleepy arrogance ,
on the world about him .
He was in
effect what Mr . Copthorne-Slazenger
imagined himself to be ,
and he
shared that gentleman's dislike for Dick and his friends . "
Yellow
little atheists ,"
he called them .
He always stood up for God and the
Church of England;
they were essential adjuncts to the aristocracy .
God ,
indeed ,
was almost a member of the Family ;
lack of belief in Him
amounted to a personal insult to the name of Quarles.
It was half-way through the summer term ,
when Dick was sixteen ,
on one
of those days of brilliant sunshine and cloudless blue ,
when the sight
of beautiful and ancient buildings is peculiarly poignant .
Their age
and quiet stand out in melancholy contrast against the radiant life of
the summer ;
and at Æsop
the boys go laughing under their antique
shadow ; "
Little victims "--
you feel how right Gray was .
Dick was idly
strolling across the quadrangle ,
engaged in merely observing the
beauty about him --
the golden-grey
chapel ,
with its deep geometrical
shadows between the buttresses ,
the comely rose-coloured
shapes of the
brick-built Tudor
buildings ,
the weathercocks glittering in the sun ,
the wheeling flurries of pigeons .
His old discontent had seized on him
again ,
and to-day in the presence of all this beauty it had become
almost unbearable .
All at once ,
out of the mouth of one of the dark
little tunnelled doors pierced in the flanks of the sleeping building ,
a figure emerged into the light .
It was Francis Quarles,
clad in white
flannels and the radiance of the sunshine .
He appeared like a
revelation ,
bright ,
beautiful ,
and sudden ,
before Dick's eyes .
A
violent emotion seized him ;
his heart leapt ,
his bowels were moved
within him ;
he felt a little sick and faint --
he had fallen in love .
Francis
passed by without deigning to notice him .
His head was high ,
his eyes drowsy under their drooping lids .
He was gone ,
and for Dick
all the light was out ,
the beloved quadrangle was a prison-yard,
the
pigeons a loathsome flock of carrion eaters .
Gay and Partington
came
up behind him with shouts of invitation .
Dick walked rudely away .
God !
how he hated them and their wretched ,
silly talk and their yellow ,
ugly faces .
The weeks that followed were full of strangeness .
For the first time
in his life Dick took to writing poetry .
There was one sonnet which
began :
Is it a vision or a waking dream ?
Or is it truly Apollo
that I see ,
Come from his sylvan haunts in Arcady
{
laugh and loiter
To {
{
sing and saunter by an English stream . . . .
He kept on repeating the words to himself , "
Sylvan haunts in Arcady,"
"
laugh and loiter " (
after much thought he had adopted that as more
liquidly melodious than "
sing and saunter ").
How beautiful they
sounded !--
as beautiful as Keats--
more beautiful ,
for they were his
own .
He avoided the company of Gay and Fletton
and Partington;
they had
become odious to him ,
and their conversation ,
when he could bring
himself to listen to it ,
was ,
somehow ,
almost incomprehensible .
He
would sit for hours alone in his study ;
not working --
for he could not
understand the mathematical problems on which he had been engaged
before the fateful day in the quadrangle --
but reading novels and the
poetry of Mrs .
Browning ,
and at intervals writing something rather
ecstatic of his own .
After a long preparatory screwing up of his
courage ,
he dared at last to send a fag with a note to Francis,
asking
him to tea ;
and when Francis
rather frigidly refused ,
he actually
burst into tears .
He had not cried like that since he was a child .
He became suddenly very religious .
He would spend an hour on his knees
every night ,
praying ,
praying with frenzy .
He
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