The Descent of Man, and Selection in Relation to Sex

age of mature plumage in; breeding in immature plumage. Grus virgo, trachea of. Gryllus campestris, pugnacity of male. Gryllus domesticus. Grypus, sexual differences in the beak in. Guanacoes, battles of; canine teeth of. Guanas, strife for women among the; polyandry among the. Guanche skeletons, occurrence of the supra-condyloid foramen in the humerus of. Guaranys, proportion of men and women among; colour of new-born children of the; beards of the. Guenee, A., on the sexes of Hyperythra. Guilding, L., on the stridulation of the Locustidae. Guillemot, variety of the. Guinea, sheep of, with males only horned. Guinea-fowl, monogamous; occasional polygamy of the; markings of the. Guinea-pigs, inheritance of the effects of operations by. Gulls, seasonal change of plumage in; white. Gunther, Dr., on paddle of Ceradotus; on hermaphroditism in Serranus; on male fishes hatching ova in their mouths; on mistaking infertile female fishes for males; on the prehensile organs of male Plagiostomous fishes; spines and brushes on fishes; on the pugnacity of the male salmon and trout; on the relative size of the sexes in fishes; on sexual differences in fishes; on the genus Callionymus; on a protective resemblance of a pipe-fish; on the genus Solenostoma; on the coloration of frogs and toads; combat of Testudo elegans; on the sexual differences in the Ophidia; on differences of the sexes of lizards. Gynanisa Isis, ocellated spots of. Gypsies, uniformity of, in various parts of the world. Habits, bad, facilitated by familiarity; variability of the force of. Haeckel, E., on the origin of man; on rudimentary characters; on death caused by inflammation of the vermiform appendage; on the canine teeth in man; on the steps by which man became a biped; on man as a member of the Catarrhine group; on the position of the Lemuridae; on the genealogy of the Mammalia; on the lancelet; on the transparency of pelagic animals; on the musical powers of women. Hagen, H., and Walsh, B.D., on American Neuroptera. Hair, development of, in man; character of, supposed to be determined by light and heat; distribution of, in man; possibly removed for ornamental purposes; arrangement and direction of; of the early progenitors of man; different texture of, in distinct races; and skin, correlation of colour of; development of, in mammals; management of, among different peoples; great length of, in some North American tribes; elongation of the, on the human head; possible inherited effect of plucking out. Hairiness, difference of, in the sexes in man; variation of, in races of men. Hairs and excretory pores, numerical relation of, in sheep. Hairy family, Siamese. Halbertsma, Prof., hermaphroditism in Serranus. Hamadryas baboon, turning over stones; mane of the male. Hamilton, C., on the cruelty of the Kaffirs to animals; on the engrossment of the women by the Kaffir chiefs. Hammering, difficulty of. Hancock, A., on the colours of the nudibranch Mollusca. Hands, larger at birth, in the children of labourers; structure of, in the quadrumana; and arms, freedom of, indirectly correlated with diminution of canines. Handwriting, inherited. Handyside, Dr., supernumerary mammae in men. Harcourt, E. Vernon, on Fringilla cannabina. Hare, protective colouring of the. Harelda glacialis. Hares, battles of male. Harlan, Dr., on the difference between field-and house-slaves. Harris, J.M., on the relation of complexion to climate. Harris, T.W., on the Katy-did locust; on the stridulation of the grasshoppers; on Oecanthus nivalis; on the colouring of Lepidoptera; on the colouring of Saturnia Io. Harting, spur of the Ornithorhynchus. Hartman, Dr., on the singing of Cicada septendecim. Hatred, persistence of. Haughton, S., on a variation of the flexor pollicis longus in man. Hawks, feeding orphan nestling. Hayes, Dr., on the diverging of sledge-dogs on thin ice. Haymond, R., on the drumming of the male Tetrao umbellus; on the drumming of birds. Head, altered position of, to suit the erect attitude of man; hairiness of, in man; processes of, in male beetles; artificial alterations of the form of the. Hearne, on strife for women among the North American Indians; on the North American Indians’ notion of female beauty; repeated elopements of a North American woman. Heart, in the human embryo. Heat, supposed effects of. Hectocotyle. Hedge-warbler, young of the. Heel, small projection of, in the Aymara Indians. Hegt, M., on the development of the spurs in peacocks. Heliconidae, mimicry of, by other butterflies. Heliopathes, stridulation peculiar to the male. Heliothrix auriculata, young of. Helix pomatia, example of individual attachment in. Hellins, J., proportions of sexes of Lepidoptera reared by. Helmholtz, on pleasure derived from harmonies; on the human eye; on the vibration of the auditory hairs of crustacea; the physiology of harmony. Hemiptera. Hemitragus, beardless in both sexes. Hemsbach, M. von, on medial mamma in man. Hen, clucking of. Hepburn, Mr., on the autumn song of the water-ouzel. Hepialus humuli, sexual difference of colour in the. Herbs, poisonous, avoided by animals. Hermaphroditism, of embryos; in fishes. Herodias bubulcus, vernal moult of. Heron, Sir R., on the habits of peafowl. Herons, love-gestures of; decomposed feathers in; breeding plumage of; young of the; sometimes dimorphic; continued growth of crest and plumes in the males of some; change of colour in some. Hesperomys cognatus. Hetaerina, proportion of the sexes in; difference in the sexes of. Heterocerus, stridulation of. Hewitt, Mr., on a game-cock killing a kite; on the recognition of dogs and cats by ducks; on the pairing of a wild duck with a pintail drake; on the courtship of fowls; on the coupling of pheasants with common hens. Hilgendorf, sounds produced by crustaceans. Hindoo, his horror of breaking his caste. Hindoos, local difference of stature among; difference of, from Europeans; colour of the beard in. Hipparchia Janira, instability of the ocellated spots of. Hippocampus, development of; marsupial receptacles of the male. Hippocampus minor. Hippopotamus, nakedness of. Hips, proportions of, in soldiers and sailors. Hodgson, S., on the sense of duty. Hoffberg, on the horns of the reindeer; on sexual preferences shewn by reindeer. Hoffman, Prof., protective colours; fighting of frogs. Hog, wart-; river-. Hog-deer. Holland, Sir H., on the effects of new diseases. Homologous structures, correlated variation of. Homoptera, stridulation of the, and Orthoptera, discussed. Honduras, Quiscalus major in. Honey-buzzard of India, variation in the crest of. Honey-sucker, females and young of. Honey-suckers, moulting of the; Australian, nidification of. Honour, law of. Hooker, Dr., forbearance of elephant to his keeper; on the colour of the beard in man. Hookham, Mr., on mental concepts in animals. Hoolock Gibbon, nose of. Hoopoe, sounds produced by male. Hoplopterus armatus, wing-spurs of. Hornbill, African, inflation of the neck-wattle of the male during courtship. Hornbills, sexual difference in the colour of the eyes in; nidification and incubation of. Horne, C., on the rejection of a brightly-coloured locust by lizards and birds. Horns, sexual differences of, in sheep and goats; loss of, in female merino sheep; development of, in deer; development in antelopes; from the head and thorax, in male beetles; of deer; originally a masculine character in sheep; and canine teeth, inverse development of. Horse, fossil, extinction of the, in South America; polygamous; canine teeth of male; winter change of colour. Horses, rapid increase of, in South America; diminution of canine teeth in; dreaming; of the Falkland Islands and Pampas; numerical proportion of the sexes, in; lighter in winter in Siberia; sexual preferences in; pairing preferently with those of the same colour; numerical proportion of male and female births in; formerly striped. Hottentot women, peculiarities of. Hottentots, lice of; readily become musicians; notions of female beauty of the; compression of nose by. Hough, Dr. S., men’s temperature more variable than women’s; proportion of sexes in man. House-slaves, difference of, from field-slaves. Houzeau, on the baying of the dog; on reason in dogs; birds killed by telegraph wires; on the cries of domestic fowls and parrots; animals feel no pity; suicide in the Aleutian Islands. Howorth, H.H., extinction of savages. Huber, P., on ants playing together; on memory in ants; on the intercommunication of ants; on the recognition of each other by ants after separation. Huc, on Chinese opinions of the appearance of Europeans. Huia, the, of New Zealand. Human, man, classed alone in a kingdom. Human sacrifices. Humanity, unknown among some savages; deficiency of, among savages. Humboldt, A. von, on the rationality of mules; on a parrot preserving the language of a lost tribe; on the cosmetic arts of savages; on the exaggeration of natural characters by man; on the red painting of American Indians. Hume, D., on sympathetic feelings. Humming-bird, racket-shaped feathers in the tail of a; display of plumage by the male. Humming-birds, ornament their nests; polygamous; proportion of the sexes in; sexual differences in; pugnacity of male; modified primaries of male; coloration of the sexes of; display by; nidification of the; colours of female; young of. Humour, sense of, in dogs. Humphreys, H.N., on the habits of the stickleback. Hunger, instinct of. Huns, ancient, flattening of the nose by the. Hunter, J., on the number of species of man; on secondary sexual characters; on the general behaviour of female animals during courtship; on the muscles of the larynx in song-birds; on strength of males; on the curled frontal hair of the bull; on the rejection of an ass by a female zebra. Hunter, W.W., on the recent rapid increase of the Santali; on the Santali. Huss, Dr. Max, on mammary glands. Hussey, Mr., on a partridge distinguishing persons. Hutchinson, Col., example of reasoning in a retriever. Hutton, Captain, on the male wild goat falling on his horns. Huxley, T.H., on the structural agreement of man with the apes; on the agreement of the brain in man with that of lower animals; on the adult age of the orang; on the embryonic development of man; on the origin of man; on variation in the skulls of the natives of Australia; on the abductor of the fifth metatarsal in apes; on the nature of the reasoning power; on the position of man; on the suborders of primates; on the Lemuridae; on the Dinosauria; on the amphibian affinities of the Ichthyosaurians; on variability of the skull in certain races of man; on the races of man; Supplement on the brain. Hybrid birds, production of. Hydrophobia, communicable between man and the lower animals. Hydroporus, dimorphism of females of. Hyelaphus porcinus. Hygrogonus. Hyla, singing species of. Hylobates, absence of the thumb in; upright progression of some species of; maternal affection in a; direction of the hair on the arms of species of; females of, less hairy below than males. Hylobates agilis, hair on the arms of; musical voice of the; superciliary ridge of; voice of. Hylobates hoolock, sexual difference of colour in. Hylobates lar, hair on the arms of; female less hairy. Hylobates leuciscus, song of. Hylobates syndactylus, laryngeal sac of. Hylophila prasinana. Hymenoptera, large size of the cerebral ganglia in; classification of; sexual differences in the wings of; aculeate, relative size of the sexes of. Hymenopteron, parasitic, with a sedentary male. Hyomoschus aquaticus. Hyperythra, proportion of the sexes in. Hypogymna dispar, sexual difference of colour in. Hypopyra, coloration of. Ibex, male, falling on his horns; beard of the. Ibis, white, change of colour of naked skin in, during the breeding season; scarlet, young of the. Ibis tantalus, age of mature plumage in; breeding in immature plumage. Ibises, decomposed feathers in; white; and black. Ichneumonidae, difference of the sexes in. Ichthyopterygia. Ichthyosaurians. Idiots, microcephalous, their characters and habits; hairiness and animal nature of their actions; microcephalous, imitative faculties of. Iguana tuberculata. Iguanas. Illegitimate and legitimate children, proportion of the sexes in. Imagination, existence of, in animals. Imitation, of man by monkeys; tendency to, in monkeys, microcephalous idiots and savages; influence of. Immature plumage of birds. Implacentata. Implements, employed by monkeys; fashioning of, peculiar to man. Impregnation, period of, influence of, upon sex. Improvement, progressive, man alone supposed to be capable of. Incisor teeth, knocked out or filed by some savages. Increase, rate of; necessity of checks in. Indecency, hatred of, a modern virtue. India, difficulty of distinguishing the native races of; Cyprinidae of; colour of