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Section 1 of 7
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Page 5 of 11
FARCICAL HISTORY OF RICHARD GREENOW
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Chapter 1 — FARCICAL HISTORY OF RICHARD GREENOW
Central question
How does Richard Greenow’s life become a farce of identity and ambition?
Main argument
The story treats Greenow’s social existence as comic...
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Section 1 of 7
Chapter 1 — FARCICAL HISTORY OF RICHARD GREENOW
Central question
How does Richard Greenow’s life become a farce of identity and ambition?
Main argument
The story treats Greenow’s social existence as comic biography: a person made legible through mismatch between how he appears and how he is read. Huxley uses the “history” form to undercut the dignity of the subject. The result is a satire of self-importance and social narration.
Key ideas
Biography becomes comedy.
Identity is unstable under social scrutiny.
The title itself signals mock-serious treatment.
Key takeaway
Greenow’s life is presented as a joke about the stories people tell about themselves.
this youthful bejauna; Millicent
pursued her
course unmoved .
She founded new societies and put fresh life into the
institutions which already existed at St . Mungo's
to take cocoa and
discuss the problems of the universe .
She played hockey like a
tornado ,
and she worked alarmingly hard .
Decidedly , Millicent
was a
Force ,
very soon the biggest Force in the St . Mungo
world .
In her
fifth term she organized the famous St . Mungo
general strike ,
which
compelled the authorities to relax a few of the more intolerably
tyrannical and anachronistic rules restricting the liberty of the
students .
It was she who went ,
on behalf of the strikers ,
to interview
the redoubtable Miss Prosser,
Principal of St . Mungo's.
The
redoubtable Miss Prosser
looked grim and invited her to sit down ,
Millicent
sat down and ,
without quailing ,
delivered a short but
pointed speech attacking the fundamental principles of the St . Mungo
system of discipline .
"
Your whole point of view ,"
she assured Miss Prosser, "
is radically
wrong .
It's an insult to the female sex ;
it's positively obscene .
Your
root assumption is simply this :
that we're all in a chronic state of
sexual excitement ;
leave us alone for a moment and we'll immediately
put our desires into practice .
It's disgusting .
It makes me blush .
After all ,
Miss Prosser,
we are a college of intelligent women ,
not an
asylum of nymphomaniacs ."
For the first time in her career ,
Miss Prosser
had to admit herself
beaten .
The authorities gave in --
reluctantly and on only a few points ;
but the principle had been shaken ,
and that ,
as Millicent
pointed out ,
was what really mattered .
Dick used to see a good deal of his sister while he was still in
residence at Canteloup,
and after he had gone down he used to come
regularly once a fortnight during term to visit her .
That horrible
mutual reserve ,
which poisons the social life of most families and
which had effectively made of their brotherly and sisterly relation a
prolonged discomfort in the past ,
began to disappear .
They became the
best of friends .
"
I like you ,
Dick ,
a great deal better than I did ,"
said Millicent
one
day as they were parting at the gate of St . Mungo's
after a long walk
together .
Dick took off his hat and bowed . "
My dear ,
I reciprocate the
sentiment .
And ,
what's more ,
I esteem and admire you .
So there ."
Millicent
curtsied ,
and they laughed .
They both felt very happy .
VI
"
WHAT a life !"
said Dick ,
with a sigh of weariness as the train moved
out of Euston.
Not a bad life , Millicent
thought .
"
But horribly fatiguing .
I am quite outreined
by it ."
"Outreined"
was Dick's translation of _éreinté_.
He liked using words
of his own manufacture ;
one had to learn his idiom before one could
properly appreciate his intimate conversation .
Dick had every justification for being outreined.
The spring and
summer had passed for him in a whirl of incessant activity .
He had
written three long chapters of the _
New Synthetic Philosophy _,
and had
the material for two more ready in the form of notes .
He had helped to
organize and bring to its successful conclusion the great carpenters '
strike of May and June .
He had written four pamphlets and a small army
of political articles .
And this comprised only half his labour ;
for
nightly ,
from twelve till two ,
Pearl Bellairs
emerged to compose the
masterpieces which supplied Dick with his bread and butter . _
Apes in
Purple _
had been published in May .
Since then she had finished _
La
Belle Dame sans Morality _,
and had embarked on the first chapters of
_
Daisy's Voyage to Cythera_.
Her weekly articles , "
For the Girls of
Britain,"
had become ,
during this period ,
a regular and favourite
feature in the pages of _Hildebrand's
Sabbath _,
that prince of Sunday
papers .
At the beginning of July ,
Dick considered that he had earned a
holiday ,
and now they were off ,
he and Millicent,
for the North .
Dick had taken a cottage on the shore of one of those long salt-water
lochs that give to the west coast of Scotland
such a dissipated
appearance on the map .
For miles around there was not a living soul
who did not bear the name of Campbell--
two families only excepted ,
one
of whom was called Murray-Drummond
and the other Drummond-Murray.
However ,
it was not for the people that Dick and Millicent
had come ,
so much as for the landscape ,
which made up in variety for anything
that the inhabitants might lack .
Behind the cottage ,
in the midst of a
narrow strip of bog lying between the loch and the foot of the
mountains ,
stood one of the numerous tombs of Ossian,
a great barrow
of ancient stones .
And a couple of miles away the remains of Deirdre's
Scottish
refuge bore witness to the Celtic past .
The countryside was
dotted with the black skeletons of mediæval castles .
Astonishing
country ,
convulsed into fantastic mountain shapes ,
cut and indented by
winding fiords .
On summer days the whole of this improbable landscape
became blue and remote and aerially transparent .
Its beauty lacked all
verisimilitude .
It was for that reason that Dick chose the
neighbourhood for his holidays .
After the insistent actuality of
London
this frankly unreal coast was particularly refreshing to a
jaded spirit .
"
Nous sommes ici
en plein romantisme,"
said Dick on the day of their
arrival ,
making a comprehensive gesture towards the dream-like
scenery ,
and for the rest of his holiday he acted the part of a young
romantic of the palmy period .
He sat at the foot of Ossian's
tomb and
read Lamartine;
he declaimed Byron
from the summit of the mountains
and Shelley
as he rowed along the loch .
In the evening he read George
Sand's _Indiana_;
he agonized with the pure ,
but passionate ,
heroine ,
while his admiration for Sir Brown ,
her English lover ,
the impassive
giant who never speaks and is always clothed in faultless hunting
costume ,
knew no bounds .
He saturated himself in the verses of Victor
Hugo,
and at last almost came to persuade himself that the words ,
_Dieu_, _
infinité _, _eternité_,
with which the works of that
deplorable genius are so profusely sprinkled ,
actually possessed some
meaning ,
though what that meaning was he could not ,
even in his most
romantic transports ,
discover .
Pearl Bellairs,
of course ,
understood
quite clearly their significance ,
and though she was a very poor
French scholar she used sometimes to be moved almost to tears by the
books she found lying about when she came into existence after
midnight .
She even copied out extracts into her notebooks with a view
to using them in her next novel .
"Les
plus désespérés sont les
chants les
plus beaux ,
Et j'en sais d'immortels qui sont de
purs sanglots,"
was a couplet which struck her as sublime .
Millicent,
meanwhile ,
did the housekeeping with extraordinary
efficiency ,
took a great deal of exercise ,
and read long ,
serious
books ;
she humoured her brother in his holiday romanticism ,
but
refused to take part in the game .
The declaration of war took them completely by surprise .
It is true
that a _Scotsman_
found its way into the cottage by about lunch-time
every day ,
but it was never read ,
and served only to light fires and
wrap up fish and things of that sort .
No letters were being forwarded ,
for they had left no address ;
they were isolated from the world .
On
the fatal morning Dick had ,
indeed ,
glanced at the paper ,
without
however noticing anything out of the ordinary .
It was only later when ,
alarmed by the rumours floating round the village shop ,
he came to
examine his _Scotsman_
more closely ,
that he found about half-way down
the third column of one of the middle pages an admirable account of
all that had been so tragically happening in the last twenty-four
hours ;
he learnt with horror that Europe
was at war and that ;
his
country too had entered the arena .
Even in the midst of his anguish of
spirit he could not help admiring the _Scotsman's_
splendid
impassivity --
no headlines ,
no ruffling of the traditional aristocratic
dignity .
Like Sir Rodolphe
Brown in _Indiana_,
he thought ,
with a
sickly smile .
Dick determined to start for London
at once .
He felt that he must act ,
or at least create the illusion of action ;
he could not stay quietly
where he was .
It was arranged that he should set out that afternoon ,
while Millicent
should follow a day or two later with the bulk of the
luggage .
The train which took him to Glasgow
was slower than he
thought it possible for any train to be .
He tried to read ,
he tried to
sleep ;
it was no good .
His nervous agitation was pitiable ;
he made
little involuntary movements with his limbs ,
and every now and then
the muscles of his face began twitching in a spasmodic and
uncontrollable tic .
There were three hours to wait in Glasgow;
he
spent them in wandering about the streets .
In the interminable summer
twilight the inhabitants of Glasgow
came forth into the open to amuse
themselves ;
the sight almost made him sick .
Was it possible that there
should be human beings so numerous and so uniformly hideous ?
Small ,
deformed ,
sallow ,
they seemed malignantly ugly ,
as if on purpose .
The
words they spoke were incomprehensible .
He shuddered ;
it was an alien
place --
it was hell .
The London
train was crammed .
Three gross Italians
got into Dick's
carriage ,
and after they had drunk and eaten with loud ,
unpleasant
gusto ,
they prepared themselves for sleep by taking off their boots .
Their feet smelt strongly ammoniac ,
like a cage of mice long
uncleaned .
Acutely awake ,
while the other occupants of the compartment
enjoyed a happy unconsciousness ,
he looked at the huddled carcasses
that surrounded him .
The warmth and the smell of them was suffocating ,
and there came to his mind ,
with the nightmarish insistence of a fixed
idea ,
the thought that every breath they exhaled was saturated with
disease .
To be condemned to sit in a hot bath of consumption and
syphilis --
it was too horrible !
The moment came at last when he could
bear it no longer ;
he got up and went into the corridor .
Standing
there ,
or sitting sometimes for a few dreary minutes in the lavatory ,
he passed the rest of the night .
The train roared along without a
stop .
The roaring became articulate :
in the days of his childhood
trains used to run to the tune of "Lancashire,
to Lancashire,
to fetch
a pocket-handkercher ;
to Lancashire,
to Lancashire . . ."
But to-night
the wheels were shouting insistently ,
a million times over ,
two words
only --"
the War ,
the War ;
the War ,
the War ."
He tried desperately to
make them say something else ,
but they refused to recite Milton;
they
refused to go to Lancashire;
they went on with their endless Tibetan
litany --
the War ,
the War ,
the War .
By the time he reached London,
Dick was in a wretched state .
His
nerves were twittering and jumping within him ;
he felt like a walking
aviary .
The tic in his face had become more violent and persistent .
As
he stood in the station ,
waiting for a cab ,
he overheard a small child
saying to its mother , "
What's the matter with that man's face ,
mother ?"
"
Sh --
sh ,
darling ,"
was the reply . "
It's rude ."
Dick turned and saw the child's big round eyes fixed with fascinated
curiosity upon him ,
as though he were a kind of monster .
He put his
hand to his forehead and tried to stop the twitching of the muscles
beneath the skin .
It pained him to think that he had become a
scarecrow for children .
Arrived at his flat ,
Dick drank a glass of brandy and lay down for a
rest .
He felt exhausted --
ill .
At half-past one he got up ,
drank some
more brandy ,
and crept down into the street .
It was intensely hot ;
the
pavements reverberated the sunlight in a glare which hurt his eyes ;
they seemed to be in a state of grey incandescence .
A nauseating smell
of wetted dust rose from the roadway ,
along which a
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