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Section 4 of 22
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Page 1 of 3
CHAPTER IV
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Chapter 4 — CHAPTER IV
Central question
What kind of artist is Lypiatt?
Main argument
Lypiatt declaims his own poetry with maximum seriousness and minimum self-awareness. The chapter satirizes the modern artist...
AI Summary
Antic Hay
Section 4 of 22
Chapter 4 — CHAPTER IV
Central question
What kind of artist is Lypiatt?
Main argument
Lypiatt declaims his own poetry with maximum seriousness and minimum self-awareness. The chapter satirizes the modern artist who confuses intensity with greatness. Huxley makes self-admiration part of the artistic problem.
Key ideas
Artistic expression can become self-parody.
Lypiatt loves the sound of his own inspiration.
Embarrassment is part of the audience’s experience.
Key takeaway
Lypiatt performs genius more than he practices it.
Lypiatt
had a habit ,
which some of his friends found rather trying —
and
not only friends ,
for Lypiatt
was ready to let the merest acquaintances ,
the most absolute strangers ,
even ,
into the secrets of his inspiration —
a
habit of reciting at every possible opportunity his own verses .
He would
declaim in a voice loud and tremulous ,
with an emotion that never seemed
to vary with the varying subject-matter of his poems ,
for whole quarters
of an hour at a stretch ;
would go on declaiming till his auditors were
overwhelmed with such a confusion of embarrassment and shame ,
that the
blood rushed to their cheeks and they dared not meet one another’s eyes .
He was declaiming now ;
not merely across the dinner table to his own
friends ,
but to the whole restaurant .
For at the first reverberating
lines of his latest , “
The Conquistador,”
there had been a startled
turning of heads ,
a craning of necks from every corner of the room .
The
people who came to this Soho
restaurant because it was ,
notoriously ,
so
‘
artistic ,’
looked at one another significantly and nodded ;
they were
getting their money’s worth ,
this time .
And Lypiatt,
with a fine air of
rapt unconsciousness ,
went on with his recitation .
“
Look down on Mexico, Conquistador”—
that was the refrain .
The Conquistador, Lypiatt
had made it clear ,
was the Artist ,
and the
Vale of Mexico
on which he looked down ,
the towered cities of Tlacopan
and Chalco,
of Tenochtitlan
and Iztapalapan
symbolized —
well ,
it was
difficult to say precisely what .
The universe ,
perhaps ?
“
Look down ,”
cried Lypiatt,
with a quivering voice .
“
Look down , Conquistador!
There on the valley’s broad green floor ,
There lies the lake ;
the jewelled cities gleam ;
Chalco
and Tlacopan
Awaiting the coming Man .
Look down on Mexico, Conquistador,
Land of your golden dream .”
“
Not ‘
dream ,’”
said Gumbril,
putting down the glass from which he had
been profoundly drinking . “
You can’t possibly say ‘
dream ,’
you know .”
“
Why do you interrupt me ?” Lypiatt
turned on him angrily .
His wide mouth
twitched at the corners ,
his whole long face worked with excitement .
“
Why don’t you let me finish ?”
He allowed his hand ,
which had hung
awkwardly in the air above him ,
suspended ,
as it were ,
at the top of a
gesture ,
to sink slowly to the table . “
Imbecile !”
he said ,
and once more
picked up his knife and fork .
“
But really ,” Gumbril
insisted , “
you can’t say ‘
dream .’
Can you now ,
seriously ?”
He had drunk the best part of a bottle of Burgundy and he
felt good-humoured ,
obstinate and a little bellicose .
“
And why not ?” Lypiatt
asked .
“
Oh ,
because one simply can’t .” Gumbril
leaned back in his chair ,
smiled
and caressed his drooping blond moustache . “
Not in this year of grace ,
nineteen twenty-two.”
“
But why ?” Lypiatt
repeated ,
with exasperation .
“
Because it’s altogether _
too _
late in the day ,”
declared precious Mr .
Mercaptan,
rushing up to his emphasis with flutes and roaring ,
like a
true Conquistador,
to fall back ,
however ,
at the end of the sentence
rather ignominiously into a breathless confusion .
He was a sleek ,
comfortable young man with smooth brown hair parted in the centre and
conducted in a pair of flowing curves across the temples ,
to be looped
in damp curls behind his ears .
His face ought to have been rather more
exquisite ,
rather more refinedly _dix-huitième_
than it actually was .
It
had a rather gross ,
snouty look ,
which was sadly out of harmony with Mr .
Mercaptan’s
inimitably graceful style .
For Mr . Mercaptan
had a style and
used it ,
delightfully ,
in his middle articles for the literary weeklies .
His most precious work ,
however ,
was that little volume of essays ,
prose
poems ,
vignettes and paradoxes ,
in which he had so brilliantly
illustrated his favourite theme —
the pettiness ,
the simian limitations ,
the insignificance and the absurd pretentiousness of _Homo_
soi-disant
_Sapiens_.
Those who met Mr . Mercaptan
personally often came away with
the feeling that perhaps ,
after all ,
he was right in judging so severely
of humanity .
“_
Too _
late in the day ,”
he repeated . “
Times have changed . _Sunt lacrymæ
rerum,
nos et mutamur
in illis._”
He laughed his own applause .
“_Quot homines,
tot disputandum est_,”
said Gumbril,
taking another sip
of his Beaune Supérieure.
At the moment ,
he was all for Mercaptan.
“
But _
why _
is it too late ?” Lypiatt
insisted .
Mr . Mercaptan
made a delicate gesture . “_Ça se
sent ,
mon cher ami_,”
he
said , “_ça ne s’explique
pas ._”
Satan ,
it is said ,
carries hell in his
heart ;
so it was with Mr . Mercaptan—
wherever he was ,
it was Paris.
“
Dreams in nineteen twenty-two....”
He shrugged his shoulders .
“
After you’ve accepted the war ,
swallowed the Russian
famine ,”
said
Gumbril. “
Dreams !”
“
They belonged to the _Rostand_
epoch ,”
said Mr . Mercaptan,
with a
little titter . “_Le Rève_—
ah !”
Lypiatt
dropped his knife and fork with a clatter and leaned forward ,
eager for battle . “
Now I have you ,”
he said , “
now I have you on the hip .
You’ve given yourselves away .
You’ve given away the secret of your
spiritual poverty ,
your weakness and pettiness and impotence ....”
“
Impotence ?
You malign me ,
sir ,”
said Gumbril.
Shearwater
ponderously stirred .
He had been silent all this time ,
sitting with hunched shoulders ,
his elbows on the table ,
his big round
head bent forward ,
absorbed ,
apparently ,
in the slow meticulous
crumbling of a piece of bread .
Sometimes he put a piece of crust in his
mouth and under the bushy brown moustache his jaw moved slowly ,
ruminatively ,
with a sideways motion ,
like a cow’s .
He nudged Gumbril
with his elbow . “
Ass ,”
he said , “
be quiet .”
Lypiatt
went on torrentially . “
You’re afraid of ideals ,
that’s what it
is .
You daren’t admit to having dreams .
Oh ,
I call them dreams ,”
he
added parenthetically . “
I don’t mind being thought a fool and
old-fashioned .
The word’s shorter and more English .
Besides ,
it rhymes
with gleams .
Ha ,
ha !”
And Lypiatt
laughed his loud Titan’s
laugh ,
the
laugh of cynicism which seems to belie ,
but which ,
for those who have
understanding ,
reveals the high ,
positive spirit within . “
Ideals —
they’re
not sufficiently genteel for you civilized young men .
You’ve quite
outgrown that sort of thing .
No dream ,
no religion ,
no morality .”
“
I glory in the name of earwig ,”
said Gumbril.
He was pleased with that
little invention .
It was felicitous ;
it was well chosen . “
One’s an
earwig in sheer self-protection,”
he explained .
But Mr . Mercaptan
refused to accept the name of earwig at any price .
“_
What _
there is to be ashamed of in being civilized ,
I _
really _
don’t
know ,”
he said ,
in a voice that was now the bull’s ,
now the piping
robin’s . “
No ,
if I glory in anything ,
it’s in my little rococo boudoir ,
and the conversations across the polished mahogany ,
and the delicate ,
lascivious , _
witty _
little flirtations on ample sofas inhabited by the
soul of Crebillon Fils.
We needn’t _
all _
be Russians,
I hope .
These
revolting Dostoievskys.”
Mr . Mercaptan
spoke with a profound feeling .
“
Nor all Utopians. Homo _au naturel_——”
Mr . Mercaptan
applied his thumb
and forefinger to his ,
alas !
too snout-like
nose , “_ça pue_.
And as for
Homo
à la H. G.
Wells —_ça ne pue
pas assez_.
What I glory in is the
civilized ,
middle way between stink and asepsis .
Give me a little musk ,
a little intoxicating feminine exhalation ,
the bouquet of old wine and
strawberries ,
a lavender bag under every pillow and pot-pourri in the
corners of the drawing-room .
Readable books ,
amusing conversation ,
civilized women ,
graceful art and dry vintage ,
music ,
with a quiet life
and reasonable comfort —
that’s _
all _
I ask for .”
“
Talking about comfort ,” Gumbril
put in ,
before Lypiatt
had time to
fling his answering thunders , “
I must tell you about my new invention .
Pneumatic trousers ,”
he explained . “
Blow them up .
Perfect comfort .
You
see the idea ?
You’re a sedentary man , Mercaptan.
Let me put you down for
a couple of pairs .”
Mr . Mercaptan
shook his head . “
Too Wellsian,”
he said . “
Too horribly
Utopian.
They’d be ludicrously out of place in my boudoir .
And besides ,
my sofa is well enough sprung already ,
thank you .”
“
But what about Tolstoy?”
shouted Lypiatt,
letting out his impatience in
a violent blast .
Mr . Mercaptan
waved his hand . “Russian,”
he said , “Russian.”
“
And Michelangelo?”
“Alberti,”
said Gumbril,
very seriously ,
giving them all a piece of his
father’s mind —“Alberti
was much the better architect ,
I assure you .”
“
And pretentiousness for pretentiousness ,”
said Mr . Mercaptan, “
I prefer
old Borromini
and the baroque .”
“
What about Beethoven?”
went on Lypiatt. “
What about Blake?
Where do
they come in under your scheme of things ?”
Mr . Mercaptan
shrugged his shoulders . “
They stay in the hall ,”
he said .
“
I don’t let them into the boudoir .”
“
You disgust me ,”
said Lypiatt,
with rising indignation ,
and making
wider gestures . “
You disgust me —
you and your odious little sham
eighteenth-century
civilization ;
your piddling little poetry ;
your art
for art’s sake instead of for God’s sake ;
your nauseating little
copulations without love or passion ;
your hoggish materialism ;
your
bestial indifference to all that’s unhappy and your yelping hatred of
all that’s great .”
“
Charming ,
charming ,”
murmured Mr . Mercaptan,
who was pouring oil on his
salad .
“
How can you ever hope to achieve anything decent or solid ,
when you
don’t even believe in decency or solidity ?
I look about me ,”
and Lypiatt
cast his eyes wildly round the crowded room , “
and I find myself alone ,
spiritually alone .
I strive on by myself ,
by myself .”
He struck his
breast ,
a giant ,
a solitary giant . “
I have set myself to restore
painting and poetry to their rightful position among the great moral
forces .
They have been amusements ,
they have been mere games for too
long .
I am giving my life for that .
My life .”
His voice trembled a
little . “
People mock me ,
hate me ,
stone me ,
deride me .
But I go on ,
I go
on .
For I know I’m right .
And in the end they too will recognize that
I’ve been right .”
It was a loud soliloquy .
One could fancy that Lypiatt
had been engaged in recognizing himself .
“
All the same ,”
said Gumbril
with a cheerful stubbornness , “
I persist
that the word ‘
dreams ’
is inadmissible .”
“_
Inadmissible _,”
repeated Mr . Mercaptan,
imparting to the word an
additional significance by giving it its French pronunciation . “
In the
age of Rostand,
well and good .
But now ....”
“
Now ,”
said Gumbril, “
the word merely connotes Freud.”
“
It’s a matter of literary tact ,”
explained Mr . Mercaptan. “
Have you no
literary tact ?”
“
No ,”
said Lypiatt,
with emphasis , “
thank God ,
I haven’t .
I have no tact
of any kind .
I do things straightforwardly ,
frankly ,
as the spirit moves
me .
I don’t like compromises .”
He struck the table .
The gesture startlingly let loose a peal of cracked
and diabolic laughter . Gumbril
and Lypiatt
and Mr . Mercaptan
looked
quickly up ;
even Shearwater
lifted his great spherical head and turned
towards the sound the large disk of his face .
A young man with a blond ,
fan-shaped
beard stood by the table ,
looking down at them through a pair
of bright blue eyes and smiling equivocally and disquietingly as though
his mind were full of some nameless and fantastic malice .
“_
Come sta
la Sua
Terribiltà ?_”
he asked ;
and ,
taking off his
preposterous bowler hat ,
he bowed profoundly to Lypiatt. “
How I
recognize my Buonarotti!”
he added affectionately .
Lypiatt
laughed ,
rather uncomfortably ,
and no longer on the Titanic
scale . “
How I recognize my Coleman!”
he echoed ,
rather feebly .
“
On the contrary ,” Gumbril
corrected , “
how almost completely I fail to
recognize .
This beard ”—
he pointed to the blond fan —“
why ,
may I ask ?”
“
More Russianism,”
said Mr . Mercaptan,
and shook his head .
“
Ah ,
why indeed ?” Coleman
lowered his voice to a confidential whisper .
“
For religious reasons ,”
he said ,
and made the sign of the cross .
“
Christlike in my behaviour ,
Like every good believer ,
I imitate the Saviour ,
And cultivate a beaver .
There be beavers which have made themselves beavers for the kingdom of
heaven’s sake .
But there are some beavers ,
on the other hand ,
which were
so born from their mother’s womb .”
He burst into a fit of outrageous
laughter which stopped as suddenly and as voluntarily as it had begun .
Lypiatt
shook his
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